EP2391511B2 - Method for producing a surface of a component and surface of a component produced according to the method - Google Patents

Method for producing a surface of a component and surface of a component produced according to the method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2391511B2
EP2391511B2 EP10710167.7A EP10710167A EP2391511B2 EP 2391511 B2 EP2391511 B2 EP 2391511B2 EP 10710167 A EP10710167 A EP 10710167A EP 2391511 B2 EP2391511 B2 EP 2391511B2
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surface region
repaired
print image
component
computer
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2391511B1 (en
EP2391511A1 (en
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Guido Schulte
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
    • B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a surface of a component, in particular a wooden surface, uniform appearance, wherein damaged areas on the surface are detected by computer technology and are repaired by smoothing the damaged surface area and the use of the component.
  • the invention relates to a surface of a component.
  • a method of manufacturing a component having a surface of predetermined appearance, in particular a woodgrain surface is known.
  • a base body is produced, whose shape corresponds to that of the component to be produced and treating at least two, an angle forming and adjacent surface areas of the body such that predetermined patterns are applied to them by means of an ink jet printing process.
  • the patterns applied to the adjoining surface areas are such formed so that they continuously merge into one another from one surface area to the other surface area.
  • the DE 10 2005 042 658 B3 describes a building board, in particular a floor panels made of wood, with a top and a bottom, wherein at least the top is provided with a natural material imitating decorative layer, with mutually corresponding connection means and peripheral side surfaces, in which at least one side surface and at least one connecting means a decor are provided.
  • a method for printing on at least one profiled section of a panel in which the printing ink is applied to the profiled section to be printed by at least one stationarily attached print head. Furthermore, a system for printing such a panel and a panel is described with at least one profiled section, wherein at least one profiled section is printed with inkjet inks.
  • a method for producing a component with a real wood surface is known, which is printed by means of an inkjet printing process such that their appearance corresponds to a template with a predetermined Wunschholzart corresponding grain and Porung and a predetermined color. Furthermore, a component is described with a real wood surface, which is printed by means of an inkjet printing process such that their grain corresponds to a predetermined wood species and their coloring of a predetermined color.
  • Wood surfaces often have damaged areas (imperfections), such as cracks or knotholes.
  • a panel which has a surface layer of real wood, wherein in the surface layer at least one knothole is present, which is filled with a filler, wherein in the knothole a branch texture imitating insert is inserted, which is fixed with the filler in the knothole.
  • knotholes or cracks in wood surfaces are filled over the entire surface with a filler, which is tailored to the color of the wood. As a result, the repaired spot in the wood surface still remains to be seen.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for improving the appearance of a surface of a component, in particular a wooden surface.
  • the object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.
  • the object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 2.
  • the alternative method according to claim 2 provides that a printer prints a print image on a support which is subsequently applied to the repaired surface area, the optical design of the print image being adjusted on the repaired surface area of the optical design of the adjacent surface area.
  • Components within the meaning of the invention can be any imaginable objects which have a surface which is visible and has damaged areas, such as wood panels, as used for parquet floors or wall panels.
  • Particularly suitable is the method for the processing of wood surfaces, but it can also be surfaces of other materials, such as paper, cardboard, plastic or stone, processed by the method according to the invention.
  • Uniform appearance in the sense of the invention means that the surface has a uniform color or pattern. However, it also means that if the surface has a pattern or grain, that pattern or (unsymmetrical) grain extends over the entire surface or at least a substantial portion thereof.
  • Computertechnisches detecting in the context of the invention is the detection of damaged areas, such as discoloration, cracks, deviations in the pattern or a grain, damage caused by knotholes or the like, especially in naturally occurring materials.
  • an opto-electronic detection and evaluation should be carried out with an optical detection of a surface area to be repaired and an electronic evaluation.
  • the detection is carried out by electronic devices, such as scanners or sensors, for example color sensors.
  • the data obtained is forwarded to a computer, which is provided with appropriate software which is suitable for evaluating the collected data and further processed.
  • a partially mechanized method is understood as meaning, for example, the entry of an object into a measuring cell which takes place through a collection device.
  • a manual method in the context of the invention means that a fitter supplies the respective object individually to each individual method step.
  • Suitable materials for filling are, for example, resins, synthetic resins, in particular 2-component resins, as well as wood spatulas, namely water or UV-curing system and plastics or similar substances that can be filled or filled in a depression and then harden.
  • the repaired surface areas obtained in this way are provided according to the invention with a printed image, which is adapted in its appearance that of the rest of the surface, or this corresponds.
  • the computer calculates the printed image and prints it by means of a printer.
  • the printer preferably prints the print image directly onto the repaired surface area or onto a support which is subsequently applied to the repaired surface area.
  • the printed images are printed directly on the repaired surface areas, but there are also conceivable applications in which it is useful to first print the printed image on a support, such as a paper or a plastic film.
  • a support such as a paper or a plastic film.
  • These carriers must be adapted to the shape and size of the repaired surface area, they must be cut or punched out accordingly. This operation can also be done by machine.
  • a print image printed on a support can be fixed to the repaired surface area by gluing or similar methods.
  • the printed image is applied by means of digital printing.
  • digital printing the print image is transferred directly from a computer to a press.
  • Suitable printing systems are laser printers or inkjet printers.
  • the printed image is preferably introduced in one operation. Basically, a multiple printing is possible.
  • the print image can consist of several print layers.
  • the repaired surface area also haptically corresponds to the rest of the surface.
  • the repaired surface area is provided with a mechanical embossing.
  • embossing With such embossing, the structure of the rest of the surface can be modeled, so that the repaired surface area is not or haptically difficult to distinguish from the rest of the surface.
  • At least one further layer is applied to the surface.
  • the further coating can be applied to protect or to achieve desired effects over the repaired surface area or over the entire surface of the component.
  • Suitable coatings are (transparent) films or (clear) lacquer layers.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly advantageously applied to edge-profiled floor, wall or ceiling panels. These can be profiled along their longitudinal and / or head sides with a tongue and groove connection, in particular with a so-called click system.
  • the profiling has mechanical locking means on locking tongues or springs. These arrive at in a covering or a lining adjacent to each other arranged components with each other in latching engagement.
  • the printing of the damaged and repaired areas can be done before or after the profiling of the longitudinal or head sides. Appropriately, the repair takes place before the final painting.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved by using the component with the surfaces produced according to the method according to the invention, as a parquet board or as a wooden panel, for interior fittings of buildings or vehicles or in the manufacture of furniture.
  • Components with a surface, which are produced by the method according to the invention can be used for a variety of applications. Especially in the production of wooden floor coverings, it makes sense to remove damaged areas before laying the panels. The same applies to the other applications mentioned above.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by a component whose surface is printed with one or more printed images, wherein the optical design of the printed image or the printed images are adapted to a patched surface area of the optical design of the adjacent surface area.
  • damaged areas are detected by computer technology during the manufacture of parquet. These are drilled depending on the configuration and filled later with the help of a machine with filler or a still good branch is additionally fixed with putty. Again, you get in such places repaired surface areas that are filled, so where the natural look is disturbed. These repaired surface areas are then printed later in the production process in the machine, so that you get the natural look again.
  • For applying the print image is a digital printing.
  • the printed image is adapted to the respective environment. It is therefore not always applied the same print image at a damaged location or at different defective locations, but there is an adjustment via a balancing control on the environment adjacent to the defective location.
  • a discoloration of a real wood overlay can be used. Since wood is a natural product, wood may have brown coal spills or brighter spots, for example. At Maple there are so-called sugar enemas. Depending on the desired use and aesthetic sensation such color enemas are desired or disturbing.
  • additional color inlays or impurities can additionally be applied to adapt or raise the optics in order to obtain a uniform image.
  • the surface can also be digitally printed in this case with the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 a typical sequence of the method according to the invention is described by way of example.
  • step 1 the surface of a component, in particular a parquet plank with real wood surface, detected by computer technology. This is done by scanning the surface of the component. The recorded data will be forwarded to a computer.
  • step 2 the data obtained in step 1 is evaluated, i. the computer determines the position of the detected defective locations on the surface of the component.
  • step 3 the damaged areas in the surface are repaired by filling or zubtling of bumps and smoothed by grinding.
  • the individual steps can be carried out in an automated process or manually.
  • the detection of the damaged area to the filling and grinding can be done manually.
  • step 4 the outlines of the repaired surface area and the optical design of the surface area adjoining the repaired surface area are detected by computer technology.
  • the determined data are forwarded to the computer.
  • step 5 the calculator calculates the size and color of the printed image.
  • step 6 the printed image is applied directly to the repaired surface area. Deviating from step 6, the printed image can first be applied to a carrier (step 7).
  • step 8 the carrier is applied with the printed image on the repaired surface area. This process can be done manually or by machine.
  • step 9 the repaired surface area or the entire surface is coated.
  • a transparent lacquer layer or a plastic coating is applied. It is also conceivable to apply several coatings. In addition, coatings can be applied to give the surface a function, such as a lotus effect or a UV protection.
  • the surface in a further step, in the FIG. 1 is not shown, can be provided with an embossing to haptically adapt the repaired surface areas to the nature of the rest of the surface. This step can be done after repairing the damaged areas, directly on the repaired surface area or at a later time in the process flow.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Oberfläche eines Bauteils, insbesondere einer Holzoberfläche, gleichmäßigen Aussehens, wobei schadhafte Stellen auf der Oberfläche computertechnisch erfasst werden und durch Glätten des beschädigten Oberflächenbereichs ausgebessert werden sowie die Verwendung des Bauteils.The invention relates to a method for producing a surface of a component, in particular a wooden surface, uniform appearance, wherein damaged areas on the surface are detected by computer technology and are repaired by smoothing the damaged surface area and the use of the component.

Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine Oberfläche eines Bauteils.Furthermore, the invention relates to a surface of a component.

Aus der EP 1 479 524 A1 ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils mit einer Oberfläche vorbestimmten Aussehens, insbesondere einer Holzmaserungsoberfläche bekannt. Hierbei wird ein Grundkörper hergestellt, dessen Gestalt der des herzustellenden Bauteils entspricht und Behandeln wenigstens zweier, einen Winkel miteinander bildender und aneinander angrenzender Oberflächenbereiche des Grundkörpers derart, dass auf ihnen mittels eines Tintenstrahldruckverfahrens vorbestimmte Muster aufgebracht werden. Die auf die aneinander angrenzenden Oberflächenbereiche aufgebrachten Muster sind derart ausgebildet, dass sie von einem Oberflächenbereich zum anderen Oberflächenbereich stetig ineinander übergehen.From the EP 1 479 524 A1 For example, a method of manufacturing a component having a surface of predetermined appearance, in particular a woodgrain surface, is known. In this case, a base body is produced, whose shape corresponds to that of the component to be produced and treating at least two, an angle forming and adjacent surface areas of the body such that predetermined patterns are applied to them by means of an ink jet printing process. The patterns applied to the adjoining surface areas are such formed so that they continuously merge into one another from one surface area to the other surface area.

Die DE 10 2005 042 658 B3 beschreibt eine Bauplatte, insbesondere eine Fußbodenpaneele aus Holz, mit einer Oberseite und einer Unterseite, bei der zumindest die Oberseite mit einer einen natürlichen Werkstoff imitierenden Dekorschicht versehen ist, mit zueinander korrespondierenden Verbindungsmitteln und umlaufenden Seitenflächen, bei der mindestens eine Seitenfläche und mindestens ein Verbindungsmittel mit einem Dekor versehen sind.The DE 10 2005 042 658 B3 describes a building board, in particular a floor panels made of wood, with a top and a bottom, wherein at least the top is provided with a natural material imitating decorative layer, with mutually corresponding connection means and peripheral side surfaces, in which at least one side surface and at least one connecting means a decor are provided.

In der DE 10 2005 060 753 A1 wird ein Verfahren zum Bedrucken von mindestens einem profilierten Abschnitt eines Paneels beschrieben, bei dem die Druckfarbe durch mindestens einen ortsfest angebrachten Druckkopf auf den zu bedruckenden profilierten Abschnitt aufgebracht wird. Des Weiteren wird eine Anlage zum Bedrucken eines solchen Paneels und ein Paneel mit mindestens einem profilierten Abschnitt beschrieben, wobei mindestens ein profilierter Abschnitt mit Inkjet-Farben bedruckt ist.In the DE 10 2005 060 753 A1 A method is described for printing on at least one profiled section of a panel, in which the printing ink is applied to the profiled section to be printed by at least one stationarily attached print head. Furthermore, a system for printing such a panel and a panel is described with at least one profiled section, wherein at least one profiled section is printed with inkjet inks.

Aus der WO 2008/125261 A1 ist ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Bauteils mit einer Echtholzoberfläche bekannt, die mittels eines Inkjet-Druckverfahrens derart bedruckt ist, dass ihr Aussehen dem einer Vorlage mit einer vorbestimmten Wunschholzart entsprechenden Maserung und Porung sowie einer vorbestimmten Färbung entspricht. Ferner wird ein Bauteil mit einer Echtholzoberfläche beschrieben, die mittels eines Inkjet-Druckverfahrens derart bedruckt ist, dass ihre Maserung einer vorbestimmten Holzart und ihre Färbung einer vorbestimmten Färbung entspricht.From the WO 2008/125261 A1 a method for producing a component with a real wood surface is known, which is printed by means of an inkjet printing process such that their appearance corresponds to a template with a predetermined Wunschholzart corresponding grain and Porung and a predetermined color. Furthermore, a component is described with a real wood surface, which is printed by means of an inkjet printing process such that their grain corresponds to a predetermined wood species and their coloring of a predetermined color.

Holzoberflächen weisen häufig schadhafte Stellen (Fehlstellen) auf, wie zum Beispiel Risse oder Astlöcher.Wood surfaces often have damaged areas (imperfections), such as cracks or knotholes.

Aus der DE 196 04 075 C2 und der DE 196 04 076 C2 sind Vorrichtungen zur Inspektion einer Holzoberfläche zwecks Feststellung von Oberflächenmerkmalen, wie Rissen, Astlöchern oder Überhöhungen und Vertiefungen bekannt.From the DE 196 04 075 C2 and the DE 196 04 076 C2 For example, devices for inspecting a wood surface are known for detecting surface features such as cracks, knuckles or peaks and valleys.

In der DE 10 2006 004 997 A1 wird ein Paneel beschrieben, welches eine Oberflächenschicht aus Echtholz aufweist, wobei in der Oberflächenschicht zumindest ein Astloch vorhanden ist, welches mit einer Spachtelmasse befüllt ist, wobei in das Astloch ein einer Asttextur nachbildender Einleger eingefügt ist, welcher mit der Spachtelmasse im Astloch fixiert ist.In the DE 10 2006 004 997 A1 a panel is described, which has a surface layer of real wood, wherein in the surface layer at least one knothole is present, which is filled with a filler, wherein in the knothole a branch texture imitating insert is inserted, which is fixed with the filler in the knothole.

Üblicherweise werden Astlöcher oder Risse in Holzoberflächen vollflächig mit einer Spachtelmasse ausgefüllt, die auf die Farbe des Holzes abgestimmt ist. Hierdurch bleibt die ausgebesserte Stelle in der Holzoberfläche jedoch noch zu erkennen.Usually knotholes or cracks in wood surfaces are filled over the entire surface with a filler, which is tailored to the color of the wood. As a result, the repaired spot in the wood surface still remains to be seen.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Optik einer Oberfläche eines Bauteils, insbesondere einer Holzoberfläche, zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to provide a method for improving the appearance of a surface of a component, in particular a wooden surface.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Alternativ wird die Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 2 gelöst.According to the invention the object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1. Alternatively, the object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 2.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind Bestandteil der abhängigen Patentansprüche.Advantageous developments are part of the dependent claims.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren von Anspruch 1 weist folgende Verfahrensschritte auf:

  • computertechnisches Erfassen schadhafter Stellen auf der Oberfläche;
  • Ausbessern des beschädigten Oberflächenbereichs durch Glätten;
  • computertechnisches Erfassen des Umrisses des ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereichs und der optischen Gestaltung des an den ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereich angrenzenden Oberflächenbereichs und Weiterleiten der ermittelten Daten an einen Rechner;
  • Berechnen der Größe und der Farbgebung des Druckbildes durch den Rechner;
  • Bedrucken des ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereiches mit dem Druckbild, wobei die optische Gestaltung des Druckbilds auf dem ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereich der optischen Gestaltung des angrenzenden Oberflächenbereichs angepasst wird.
The method according to the invention of claim 1 comprises the following method steps:
  • computer-aided detection of defective areas on the surface;
  • Repairing the damaged surface area by smoothing;
  • computer-technically acquiring the outline of the repaired surface area and the optical design of the surface area adjacent to the repaired surface area and forwarding the determined data to a computer;
  • Calculating the size and color of the printed image by the computer;
  • Printing the repaired surface area with the printed image, wherein the optical design of the printed image on the repaired surface area of the optical design of the adjacent surface area is adjusted.

Das alternative Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 2 sieht vor, dass ein Drucker ein Druckbild auf einen Träger druckt, der anschließend auf den ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereich aufgebracht wird, wobei die optische Gestaltung des Druckbilds auf dem ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereich der optischen Gestaltung des angrenzenden Oberflächenbereichs angepasst wird.The alternative method according to claim 2 provides that a printer prints a print image on a support which is subsequently applied to the repaired surface area, the optical design of the print image being adjusted on the repaired surface area of the optical design of the adjacent surface area.

Bauteile im Sinne der Erfindung können alle denkbaren Gegenstände sein, die eine Oberfläche aufweisen, die sichtbar ist und schadhafte Stellen aufweist, wie beispielsweise Holzpanelle, wie sie für Parkettböden oder Wandtäfelungen eingesetzt werden.Components within the meaning of the invention can be any imaginable objects which have a surface which is visible and has damaged areas, such as wood panels, as used for parquet floors or wall panels.

Besonders gut geeignet ist das Verfahren für die Bearbeitung von Holzoberflächen, es können aber auch Oberflächen aus anderen Materialen, wie beispielsweise Papier, Pappe, Kunststoff oder Stein, mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren bearbeitet werden.Particularly suitable is the method for the processing of wood surfaces, but it can also be surfaces of other materials, such as paper, cardboard, plastic or stone, processed by the method according to the invention.

Gleichmäßiges Aussehen im Sinne der Erfindung bedeutet, dass die Oberfläche eine gleichmäßige Färbung oder Musterung aufweist. Es bedeutet aber auch, dass, wenn die Oberfläche eine Musterung oder eine Maserung aufweist, sich dieses Muster oder die (unsymmetrische) Maserung über die gesamte Oberfläche oder zumindest einen wesentlichen Teil davon erstreckt.Uniform appearance in the sense of the invention means that the surface has a uniform color or pattern. However, it also means that if the surface has a pattern or grain, that pattern or (unsymmetrical) grain extends over the entire surface or at least a substantial portion thereof.

Computertechnisches Erfassen im Sinne der Erfindung ist das Erkennen von schadhaften Stellen, wie Verfärbungen, Risse, Abweichungen im Muster oder einer Maserung, Schäden, die durch Astlöcher oder ähnliches insbesondere bei natürlich vorkommenden Materialen auftreten. Insbesondere soll eine opto-elektronische Erfassung und Auswertung erfolgen mit einer optischen Erfassung eines auszubessernden Oberflächenbereichs und einer elektronischen Auswertung. Die Erkennung erfolgt dabei durch elektronische Geräte, wie Scanner oder Sensoren, zum Beispiel Farbsensoren. Die dabei erhaltenen Daten werden an einen Rechner weitergeleitet, der mit einer entsprechenden Software versehen ist, die dazu geeignet ist, die gesammelten Daten auszuwerten und weiterzuverarbeiten.Computertechnisches detecting in the context of the invention is the detection of damaged areas, such as discoloration, cracks, deviations in the pattern or a grain, damage caused by knotholes or the like, especially in naturally occurring materials. In particular, an opto-electronic detection and evaluation should be carried out with an optical detection of a surface area to be repaired and an electronic evaluation. The detection is carried out by electronic devices, such as scanners or sensors, for example color sensors. The data obtained is forwarded to a computer, which is provided with appropriate software which is suitable for evaluating the collected data and further processed.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist es möglich, die einzelnen Verfahrensschritte manuell, teilmechanisiert oder aber auch automatisch auszuführen. Unter Automatisierung ist im Rahmen der Erfindung eine vollautomatische Prozesskette zu verstehen, die nacheinander alle Verfahrensschritte oder aber auch nur einige Verfahrensschritte abspult, ohne abhängig von äußeren Eingriffen zu sein. Diese sind im Rahmen der Automatisierung jedoch auch bei beispielsweise einer Fehlfunktion vorstellbar.In the context of the invention, it is possible to perform the individual process steps manually, partially mechanized or even automatically. Under automation is in the context of the invention to understand a fully automatic process chain, which unwinds all the process steps or only a few process steps in succession, without being dependent on external intervention. However, these are also conceivable in the context of automation in the case of, for example, a malfunction.

Unter einem teilmechanisierten Verfahren ist im Rahmen der Erfindung beispielsweise der Einzug eines Gegenstands in eine Messzelle zu verstehen, die durch eine Einzugsvorrichtung erfolgt. Ein manuelles Verfahren im Rahmen der Erfindung bedeutet, dass ein Monteur den jeweiligen Gegenstand einzeln jeden einzelnem Verfahrensschritt zuführt.In the context of the invention, a partially mechanized method is understood as meaning, for example, the entry of an object into a measuring cell which takes place through a collection device. A manual method in the context of the invention means that a fitter supplies the respective object individually to each individual method step.

Einzelne Verfahrensschritte, wie beispielsweise das Spachteln, Schleifen oder aber die Groberkennung, ob ein Fehler vorliegt, können dabei auch händisch durchgeführt werden. In wiederum anderen Verfahrensschritten, wie beispielsweise dem Bedrucken, wird das Objekt bzw. der Gegenstand händisch zugeführt und der Druckvorgang erfolgt automatisch. Auch eine manuelle Eingabe von Fehlerdaten ist im Rahmen der Erfindung vorstellbar.Individual process steps, such as filling, grinding or coarse detection, whether an error is present, can also be carried out manually. In yet other process steps, such as printing, the object or object is manually fed and the printing process is automatic. Also, a manual input of error data is conceivable within the scope of the invention.

Zum Glätten schadhafter Stellen, werden diese je nach ihrer Ausprägung zunächst mit einer Spachtelmasse oder ähnlichem verfüllt und dann abgeschliffen. Denkbar ist es auch die schadhaften Stellen zunächst durch einen Materialabtrag zu entfernen und die dadurch entstandenen Vertiefungen anschließend wieder zu füllen. Geeignete Materialien zum Füllen sind beispielsweise Harze, Kunstharze, insbesondere 2-Komponenten-Harze, sowie Holzspachtel, und zwar wasser- oder UV-härtende System sowie Kunststoffe oder ähnliche Stoffe, die sich in eine Vertiefung einfüllen oder verspachteln lassen und dann aushärten.For smoothing damaged areas, these are first filled with a filler or the like depending on their severity and then sanded off. It is also conceivable to remove the damaged areas first by removing material and subsequently to fill the resulting recesses. Suitable materials for filling are, for example, resins, synthetic resins, in particular 2-component resins, as well as wood spatulas, namely water or UV-curing system and plastics or similar substances that can be filled or filled in a depression and then harden.

Nach dem Abschleifen der Oberfläche ist diese zwar glatt, weist aber vielfach eine von der übrigen Oberfläche abweichende Optik auf. Die auf diese Weise erhaltenen ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereiche werden erfindungsgemäß mit einem Druckbild versehen, das in seinem Aussehen dem der übrigen Oberfläche angepasst ist, beziehungsweise dieser entspricht.After grinding the surface, this is indeed smooth, but often has a different from the rest of the surface optics. The repaired surface areas obtained in this way are provided according to the invention with a printed image, which is adapted in its appearance that of the rest of the surface, or this corresponds.

Vorzugsweise werden der Umriss der schadhaften Stelle und die optische Gestaltung des an die schadhafte Stelle angrenzenden Oberflächenbereichs gescannt und anhand der durch das Scannen gewonnenen Daten wird von einem Rechner das Druckbild berechnet und mittels eines Druckers gedruckt.Preferably, the outline of the defective location and the visual appearance of the surface area adjacent to the defective location scanned and based on the data obtained by the scanning, the computer calculates the printed image and prints it by means of a printer.

Als Ergebnis wird eine Oberfläche erhalten, auf der die ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereiche nicht mehr oder nur schwer von der übrigen Oberfläche zu unterscheiden sind.As a result, a surface is obtained on which the repaired surface areas are no longer or difficult to distinguish from the rest of the surface.

Der Drucker druckt vorzugsweise das Druckbild direkt auf den ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereich oder auf einen Träger, der anschließend auf den ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereich aufgebracht wird.The printer preferably prints the print image directly onto the repaired surface area or onto a support which is subsequently applied to the repaired surface area.

Vorteilhafterweise ist es mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren möglich eine Oberfläche partiell an vorher detektierten Stellen zu bedrucken.Advantageously, it is possible with the method according to the invention to print a surface partially at previously detected points.

Normalerweise werden die Druckbilder direkt auf die ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereiche gedruckt, es sind aber auch Anwendungen denkbar, bei denen es sinnvoll ist das Druckbild zunächst auf einem Träger, wie einem Papier oder einer Kunststofffolie, auszudrucken. Diese Träger müssen an die Form und Größe des ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereichs angepasst werden, dazu müssen sie entsprechend ausgeschnitten oder ausgestanzt werden. Auch dieser Arbeitsgang kann maschinell erfolgen.Normally, the printed images are printed directly on the repaired surface areas, but there are also conceivable applications in which it is useful to first print the printed image on a support, such as a paper or a plastic film. These carriers must be adapted to the shape and size of the repaired surface area, they must be cut or punched out accordingly. This operation can also be done by machine.

Ein Druckbild, das auf einem Träger ausgedruckt wurde, kann durch Kleben oder ähnliche Verfahren auf dem ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereich fixiert werden.A print image printed on a support can be fixed to the repaired surface area by gluing or similar methods.

Bevorzugt wird das Druckbild mittels Digitaldruck aufgebracht. Beim Digitaldruck wird das Druckbild direkt von einem Rechner in eine Druckmaschine übertragen. Geeignete Drucksysteme sind Laserdrucker oder Tintenstrahldrucker. Das Druckbild wird vorzugsweise in einem Arbeitsgang eingebracht. Grundsätzlich ist auch eine Mehrfachdruck möglich. Das Druckbild kann aus mehreren Druckschichten bestehen.Preferably, the printed image is applied by means of digital printing. In digital printing, the print image is transferred directly from a computer to a press. Suitable printing systems are laser printers or inkjet printers. The printed image is preferably introduced in one operation. Basically, a multiple printing is possible. The print image can consist of several print layers.

Insbesondere bei Holzmaserungen ist es wichtig, dass der ausgebesserte Oberflächenbereich auch haptisch der übrigen Oberfläche entspricht.Especially with wood grains, it is important that the repaired surface area also haptically corresponds to the rest of the surface.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird daher der ausgebesserte Oberflächenbereich mit einer mechanischen Prägung versehen. Mit einer solchen Prägung kann die Struktur der übrigen Oberfläche nachempfunden werden, so dass der ausgebesserte Oberflächenbereich auch haptisch nicht oder nur schwer von der übrigen Oberfläche zu unterscheiden ist.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, therefore, the repaired surface area is provided with a mechanical embossing. With such embossing, the structure of the rest of the surface can be modeled, so that the repaired surface area is not or haptically difficult to distinguish from the rest of the surface.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird mindestens eine weitere Schicht auf die Oberfläche aufgebracht. Die weitere Beschichtung kann zum Schutz oder zur Erzielung gewünschter Effekte über den ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereich oder auch über die gesamte Oberfläche des Bauteils aufgebracht werden. Geeignete Beschichtungen sind (transparente) Folien oder (Klar-)Lackschichten.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one further layer is applied to the surface. The further coating can be applied to protect or to achieve desired effects over the repaired surface area or over the entire surface of the component. Suitable coatings are (transparent) films or (clear) lacquer layers.

Besonders vorteilhaft kommt das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bei randseitig profilierten Fußboden-, Wand- oder Deckenpaneelen zur Anwendung. Diese können entlang ihrer Längs- und/oder Kopfseiten mit einer Nut und Federverbindung, insbesondere mit einem so genannten Klicksystem profiliert sein. Die Profilierung weist mechanische Verriegelungsmittel an Rastzungen bzw. -federn auf. Diese gelangen bei in einem Belag bzw. einer Verkleidung benachbart zueinander angeordneten Bauteilen miteinander in rastenden Eingriff. Das Bedrucken der schadhaften und ausgebesserten Stellen kann vor oder nach dem Profilieren der Längs- bzw. Kopfseiten erfolgen. Zweckmäßiger Weise erfolgt die Ausbesserung vor dem finalen Lackieren.The method according to the invention is particularly advantageously applied to edge-profiled floor, wall or ceiling panels. These can be profiled along their longitudinal and / or head sides with a tongue and groove connection, in particular with a so-called click system. The profiling has mechanical locking means on locking tongues or springs. These arrive at in a covering or a lining adjacent to each other arranged components with each other in latching engagement. The printing of the damaged and repaired areas can be done before or after the profiling of the longitudinal or head sides. Appropriately, the repair takes place before the final painting.

Ferner wird die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung durch eine Verwendung des Bauteils mit der, gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten, Oberflächen, als Parkettdiele oder als Holzpaneel, für Inneneinrichtungen von Gebäuden oder Fahrzeugen oder bei der Herstellung von Möbeln gelöst. Bauteile mit einer Oberfläche, die mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellt werden, lassen sich für die verschiedensten Anwendungen nutzen. Insbesondere bei der Herstellung von Bodenbelägen aus Holz ist es sinnvoll schadhafte Stellen vor dem Verlegen der Paneele zu entfernen. Gleiches gilt für die anderen oben genannten Anwendungen.Furthermore, the object of the present invention is achieved by using the component with the surfaces produced according to the method according to the invention, as a parquet board or as a wooden panel, for interior fittings of buildings or vehicles or in the manufacture of furniture. Components with a surface, which are produced by the method according to the invention can be used for a variety of applications. Especially in the production of wooden floor coverings, it makes sense to remove damaged areas before laying the panels. The same applies to the other applications mentioned above.

Weiterhin wird die Aufgabe der Erfindung durch ein Bauteil gelöst, dessen Oberfläche mit einem oder mehreren Druckbildern bedruckt ist, wobei die optische Gestaltung des Druckbilds oder der Druckbilder auf einem ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereich der optischen Gestaltung des angrenzenden Oberflächenbereichs angepasst sind.Furthermore, the object of the invention is achieved by a component whose surface is printed with one or more printed images, wherein the optical design of the printed image or the printed images are adapted to a patched surface area of the optical design of the adjacent surface area.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Beispielen und einer Figur näher erläutert. Es zeigt die einzige

Fig. 1
ein Flussdiagramm zur Erläuterung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.
The invention will be explained in more detail by means of examples and a figure. It shows the only one
Fig. 1
a flowchart for explaining the method according to the invention.

Durch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren werden beispielsweise beim Herstellen von Parkett schadhafte Stellen (Astlöcher oder Risse) computertechnisch erfasst. Diese werden je nach Ausgestaltung ausgebohrt und an späterer Stelle mit Hilfe einer Maschine mit Spachtelmasse befüllt oder ein noch guter Ast wird zusätzlich mit Spachtelmasse fixiert. Jedenfalls bekommt man an solchen Stellen ausgebesserte Oberflächenbereiche, die gespachtelt sind, wo also die natürliche Optik gestört ist. Diese ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereiche werden dann an späterer Stelle im Produktionsprozess in der Maschine bedruckt, so dass man wieder die natürliche Optik erhält. Zum Aufbringen des Druckbildes eignet sich ein Digitaldruck.By means of the method according to the invention, for example, damaged areas (knotholes or cracks) are detected by computer technology during the manufacture of parquet. These are drilled depending on the configuration and filled later with the help of a machine with filler or a still good branch is additionally fixed with putty. Anyway, you get in such places repaired surface areas that are filled, so where the natural look is disturbed. These repaired surface areas are then printed later in the production process in the machine, so that you get the natural look again. For applying the print image is a digital printing.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist daran gedacht, dass das Druckbild der jeweiligen Umgebung angepasst wird. Es wird also bei einer schadhaften Stelle bzw. bei unterschiedlichen schadhaften Stellen nicht immer das gleiche Druckbild aufgebracht, sondern es erfolgt eine Anpassung über eine Abgleichsteuerung auf die Umgebung benachbart zur schadhaften Stelle.In a further embodiment of the invention, it is thought that the printed image is adapted to the respective environment. It is therefore not always applied the same print image at a damaged location or at different defective locations, but there is an adjustment via a balancing control on the environment adjacent to the defective location.

Ähnlich kann bei einer Verfärbungen einer Echtholzauflage vorgegangen werden. Da es sich bei Holz um ein Naturprodukt handelt, kann Holz beispielsweise Braunkerneinläufen oder hellere Stellen aufweisen. Bei Ahorn gibt es so genannte Zuckereinläufe. Je nach gewünschter Verwendung und ästhetischem Empfinden sind solche Farbeinläufe gewünscht oder störend.Similarly, a discoloration of a real wood overlay can be used. Since wood is a natural product, wood may have brown coal spills or brighter spots, for example. At Maple there are so-called sugar enemas. Depending on the desired use and aesthetic sensation such color enemas are desired or disturbing.

Entsprechend der gewünschten Optik, kann man zur Anpassung bzw. zur Anhebung der Optik zusätzliche Farbeinläufe oder Störstellen zusätzlich aufbringen, um ein gleichmäßiges Bild zu erhalten. Gleichermaßen ist die Situation bei Naturholz, welches Kernholz aufweist, und so genanntes Splintholz, also helles Holz, im Gegensatz zu dem dunkleren Kernholz. Zur Nachbesserung beziehungsweise zur Verbesserung der Optik kann auch in diesem Fall mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren die Oberfläche digital bedruckt werden.Depending on the desired optics, additional color inlays or impurities can additionally be applied to adapt or raise the optics in order to obtain a uniform image. Similarly, the situation with natural wood, which has heartwood, and so-called sapwood, so light wood, in contrast to the darker heartwood. In order to improve or improve the appearance, the surface can also be digitally printed in this case with the method according to the invention.

Anhand der Figur 1 wird ein typischer Ablauf des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens beispielhaft beschrieben.Based on FIG. 1 a typical sequence of the method according to the invention is described by way of example.

Im Schritt 1 wird die Oberfläche eines Bauteils, insbesondere einer Parkettdiele mit Echtholzoberfläche, computertechnisch erfasst. Dies geschieht durch Einscannen der Oberfläche des Bauteils. Die dabei erfassten Daten, werden an einen Rechner weitergeleitet.In step 1, the surface of a component, in particular a parquet plank with real wood surface, detected by computer technology. This is done by scanning the surface of the component. The recorded data will be forwarded to a computer.

Im Schritt 2 werden die in Schritt 1 ermittelten Daten ausgewertet, d.h. der Rechner ermittelt die Position der detektierten schadhaften Stellen auf der Oberfläche des Bauteils.In step 2, the data obtained in step 1 is evaluated, i. the computer determines the position of the detected defective locations on the surface of the component.

Im Schritt 3 werden die schadhaften Stellen in der Oberfläche durch Verfüllen oder Zuspachteln von Unebenheiten ausgebessert und durch Schleifen geglättet.In step 3, the damaged areas in the surface are repaired by filling or zubtling of bumps and smoothed by grinding.

Die einzelnen Schritte können dabei in einem automatisierten Prozess erfolgen oder auch manuell vorgenommen werden. Die Erkennung der schadhaften Stelle bis zum Ausspachteln und Schleifen kann manuell erfolgen.The individual steps can be carried out in an automated process or manually. The detection of the damaged area to the filling and grinding can be done manually.

Die weiteren Schritte können im Rahmen der Erfindung wiederum manuell und/oder automatisiert erfolgen, bevorzugt durch ein computergestütztes automatisiertes Verfahren.The further steps can again be carried out manually and / or automatically within the scope of the invention, preferably by a computer-aided automated method.

Im Schritt 4 werden die Umrisse des ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereichs und die optische Gestaltung des an den ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereich angrenzenden Oberflächenbereichs computertechnisch erfasst. Die ermittelten Daten werden an den Rechner weitergeleitet.In step 4, the outlines of the repaired surface area and the optical design of the surface area adjoining the repaired surface area are detected by computer technology. The determined data are forwarded to the computer.

Im Schritt 5 berechnet der Rechner die Größe und die Farbgebung des Druckbildes.In step 5, the calculator calculates the size and color of the printed image.

Denkbar ist auch, dem Rechner weitere Daten zur Verfügung zu stellen, um beispielsweise abweichende Farbnuancen in die Berechnung des Druckbildes einzubringen.It is also conceivable to provide the computer with additional data in order, for example, to introduce deviating color shades into the calculation of the printed image.

Im Schritt 6 wird das Druckbild direkt auf den ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereich aufgebracht. Abweichend von Schritt 6 kann das Druckbild erst auf einen Träger aufgebracht werden (Schritt 7).In step 6, the printed image is applied directly to the repaired surface area. Deviating from step 6, the printed image can first be applied to a carrier (step 7).

Im Schritt 8 wird der Träger mit dem Druckbild auf den ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereich aufgebracht. Dieser Vorgang kann manuell oder maschinell erfolgen.In step 8, the carrier is applied with the printed image on the repaired surface area. This process can be done manually or by machine.

Im Schritt 9 wird der ausgebesserte Oberflächenbereich oder die gesamte Oberfläche beschichtet. Dabei wird eine transparente Lackschicht oder eine Kunststoffbeschichtung aufgetragen. Es ist auch denkbar, mehrere Beschichtungen aufzutragen. Zudem können Beschichtungen aufgetragen werden, die der Oberfläche eine Funktion verleihen, wie einen Lotus-Effekt oder einen UV-Schutz.In step 9, the repaired surface area or the entire surface is coated. In this case, a transparent lacquer layer or a plastic coating is applied. It is also conceivable to apply several coatings. In addition, coatings can be applied to give the surface a function, such as a lotus effect or a UV protection.

In einem weiteren Schritt, der in der Figur 1 nicht gezeigt ist, kann die Oberfläche mit einer Prägung versehen werden, um die ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereiche haptisch an die Beschaffenheit der übrigen Oberfläche anzupassen. Dieser Schritt kann nach der Ausbesserung der schadhaften Stellen, direkt auf dem ausgebesserten Oberflächenbereich erfolgen oder zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt im Verfahrensablauf.In a further step, in the FIG. 1 is not shown, the surface can be provided with an embossing to haptically adapt the repaired surface areas to the nature of the rest of the surface. This step can be done after repairing the damaged areas, directly on the repaired surface area or at a later time in the process flow.

Claims (13)

  1. Method for producing a surface of a component, particularly a wooden surface, having a uniform appearance, with the following method steps:
    - detecting defective areas on the surface by computer;
    - repairing the damaged surface region by smoothing;
    - detecting the outline of the repaired surface region and the visual design of the surface region adjoining the repaired surface region by computer and passing on the data determined to a computer;
    - calculating the size and colouring of the print image by the computer;
    - imprinting the repaired surface region with the print image, wherein the visual design of the print image on the repaired surface region is adapted to the visual design of the adjoining surface region.
  2. Method for producing a surface of a component, particularly a wooden surface, having a uniform appearance, wherein defective areas on the surface are detected and repaired by smoothing the damaged surface region, characterised in that a printer prints a print image onto a carrier, said carrier then being applied onto the repaired surface region, wherein the visual design of the print image on the repaired surface region is adapted to the visual design of the adjoining surface region.
  3. Method according to claim 2, characterised in that the defective areas are detected by computer and/or manually.
  4. Method according to claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the outline of the defective area and the visual design of the surface region adjoining the defective area are scanned and the print image is calculated by a computer using the data obtained by the scanning and the print image is printed by means of a printer.
  5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the print image is applied by means of digital printing.
  6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the repaired surface region receives a mechanical embossing.
  7. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that at least one further layer is applied to the surface.
  8. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the component receives an edge profiling for the mechanical connection of components laid adjacent to one another.
  9. Method according to claim 8, characterised in that the imprinting of the repaired surface region occurs prior to profiling the edge sides of the component.
  10. Method according to claim 8, characterised in that the imprinting of the repaired surface region occurs after profiling the edge sides of the component.
  11. Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the process is manual, partially mechanical and/or automated.
  12. Use of the component with the surfaces, produced according to one of the preceding claims, as a parquet board or as a wooden panel, for interiors of buildings or vehicles or in the production of furniture.
  13. Component, the surface of which is imprinted with one print image or several print images, wherein the visual design of the print image or of the print images on a repaired surface region is adapted to the visual design of the adjoining surface region, produced according to a method according to one or several of the preceding claims.
EP10710167.7A 2009-02-02 2010-02-01 Method for producing a surface of a component and surface of a component produced according to the method Active EP2391511B2 (en)

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PCT/DE2010/000097 WO2010085946A1 (en) 2009-02-02 2010-02-01 Method for producing a surface of a component and surface of a component produced according to the method

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EP2391511B1 (en) 2013-04-03
WO2010085946A1 (en) 2010-08-05
EP2391511A1 (en) 2011-12-07
DE102009007114B3 (en) 2010-07-22
PL2391511T3 (en) 2013-09-30
DE102009007114C5 (en) 2014-03-13

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