EP2391454A1 - Laboratory grinder having rotary lead-throughs for grinding beakers to be provided with a medium - Google Patents

Laboratory grinder having rotary lead-throughs for grinding beakers to be provided with a medium

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Publication number
EP2391454A1
EP2391454A1 EP10701818A EP10701818A EP2391454A1 EP 2391454 A1 EP2391454 A1 EP 2391454A1 EP 10701818 A EP10701818 A EP 10701818A EP 10701818 A EP10701818 A EP 10701818A EP 2391454 A1 EP2391454 A1 EP 2391454A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
laboratory mill
mill according
rotary feedthrough
movable part
grinding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10701818A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2391454B1 (en
Inventor
Stefan Reinhold MÄHLER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Retsch GmbH
Original Assignee
Retsch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Retsch GmbH filed Critical Retsch GmbH
Publication of EP2391454A1 publication Critical patent/EP2391454A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2391454B1 publication Critical patent/EP2391454B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/18—Details
    • B02C17/183—Feeding or discharging devices
    • B02C17/186—Adding fluid, other than for crushing by fluid energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/04—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with unperforated container
    • B02C17/08—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with unperforated container with containers performing a planetary movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/14—Mills in which the charge to be ground is turned over by movements of the container other than by rotating, e.g. by swinging, vibrating, tilting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a laboratory mill with at least one rotary movement about its central axis performing Mahlbecher, wherein the grinding bowl is connected to at least one line for the passage of a liquid or gaseous medium.
  • Such a laboratory mill is known, for example, in the form of a vibrating mill or a planetary ball mill having a transmission ratio of 1: 1.
  • a laboratory mill is known, for example, in the form of a vibrating mill or a planetary ball mill having a transmission ratio of 1: 1.
  • the liquid nitrogen must be continuously supplied to the moving grinding bowl and removed from it.
  • the grinding bowls with the liquid or gaseous medium, for example nitrogen, by means of suitably arranged flexible hoses.
  • the hoses are attached directly to the Mahlbecherhalterung, in which case a fluidic connection between the Mahlbecherhalterung and the grinding bowl used.
  • gases are released during the comminution of the ground material, which may be the subject of further analysis. These gases must therefore be continuously removed from the grinding bowl and it must be compensated for the extracted volume by a corresponding gas supply.
  • the invention provides in its basic idea that the conduit is guided via a rotary feedthrough with a stationary part and a moving part coupled to the movement of the grinding bowl, wherein the stationary part has at least one connection for a fixed line and the movable part at least one connection for having a leading to Mahlbecher line.
  • the invention has the advantage that the connection of the grinding bowl with the supply or discharge line for the medium can be made via a substantially rigid conduit system, because the relative movement between the movable grinding bowl and the stationary supply or disposal system on the relative to stationary part movable movable part of the intermediate rotary feedthrough is compensated.
  • the respective movements are reduced within the rotary feedthrough to a smallest possible radius, so that because of the so minimized relative speed and relative movement between the stationary and the movable part of the rotary feedthrough a contacting seal can be used, which is located between the mutually aligned bore sections in the stationary as in the moving part the rotary feedthrough is effective.
  • both in the stationary part and in the movable part of the rotary feedthrough bores for the passage of the medium through the rotary feedthrough are formed and the holes in the stationary part and in the movable part each having a mutually aligned, extending in the axis of movement of the movable part section
  • the mutually aligned portions of the holes formed in the rotary feedthrough are each sealed between the stationary part and the movable part against each other.
  • a protruding proboscis is formed, which engages positively in a formed in the stationary part receptacle, wherein between the trunk and receiving a seal is arranged.
  • laboratory mills include a plurality of grinding bowls, according to one embodiment of the invention it is provided that correspondingly a plurality of grinding bowls can be provided, to each of which then a rotary feedthrough is assigned.
  • the grinding bowls arranged on the laboratory mill Mahlbecherhalteronne provides that the at least one line connected to the Mahlbecherhalterung and the Mahlbecherhalterung is fluidly connected to the grinding bowl. Accordingly, then the rotary feedthrough of grinding bowl holder is assigned. As far as the grinding bowls can perform different movements in different types of laboratory mills, according to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the grinding bowls perform only a pitch circle movement.
  • the relative movement of the movable part of the rotary feedthrough is limited to the stationary part, may be provided in such an embodiment of the laboratory mill, that the formed on the stationary part of the terminals with the terminals on the movable part, is connected via flexible line sections ,
  • the grinding bowls execute a rotational movement in the associated holder, wherein accordingly a rotational movement has to be set up for the movable part of the rotary feedthrough.
  • the grinding bowls rotate with their central axis about a device axis spaced therefrom, wherein each rotation axis is in each case associated with a rotary feedthrough.
  • a planetary mill is characterized in which the grinding cup concentrically rotates about the central axis of the planetary disc, while at the same time this planetary disc rotates about the center of the sun gear. In such superimposed circular movements then at least one rotary union must be used per rotation center.
  • the medium is a liquid nitrogen or that the liquid or gaseous medium used is tempered, for example to produce a heating or cooling effect for the grinding bowl, or that the medium consists of a special analysis gas.
  • the medium is a liquid nitrogen or that the liquid or gaseous medium used is tempered, for example to produce a heating or cooling effect for the grinding bowl, or that the medium consists of a special analysis gas.
  • Fig. 1 is set up for operation with liquid nitrogen
  • FIG. 2 shows the construction of a laboratory mill designed as a vibrating mill with a grinding bowl and associated rotary feedthrough in a perspective overall view
  • FIG. 3 shows the embodiment of the rotary feedthrough according to FIG. 2 in an enlarged view
  • the laboratory mill 10 shown only schematically, has a grinding bowl 11 to which a supply line 12 and a return line 13 for supplying the grinding bowl 11 are connected with liquid nitrogen.
  • the lines 12 and 13 are in view of the movement of the Mahlbechers 1 1 via a rotary feedthrough 14 guided with a stationary part 15 and a movable part 16.
  • the stationary part 15 consists of two, the movable part 16 between them enclosing parts 15a, 15b , which are supported by a not shown here, to be connected to the housing of the laboratory mill 10 holder to each other.
  • the movable part 16 two holes 17 a and 17 b are formed, wherein the bore 17 a to the feed line 12 and the bore 17 b are connected to the return line 13.
  • the bores 17a and 17b bend outward by 90 degrees and here they find a connection to boreholes 18a and 18b respectively formed in the stationary parts 15a and 15b the mutually aligned line sections of the bores 17a and 18a or 17b and 18b are arranged in the axis of movement of the movable part 16 relative to the stationary part 15.
  • the supply line 19 is connected, which comes from a reservoir 21 for the liquid nitrogen, wherein in the supply line 19 corresponding valves 20 are turned on with control and safety functions.
  • the reservoir 21 is liquid nitrogen with a liquid level 22 at.
  • a return line 23 is connected, which is guided to a collecting vessel 24, in which also liquid nitrogen with a liquid level 25 is.
  • FIG. 1 The design of the corresponding rotary feedthrough 14 in conjunction with the laboratory mill 10 can be seen in FIG.
  • the supply line 19 is shown for the liquid nitrogen, which is connected via a correspondingly arranged valve 20 to a port 1 18a of the stationary part 15 of the rotary feedthrough 14.
  • a holder 30 connected to the housing of the laboratory mill 10. Accordingly, from the stationary part 15b or from its connection 1 18b, the return line 23 to the collecting vessel 24 from.
  • the Mahlbecherhalterung 26 is attached to a rotatably mounted rocker 27 and performs an oscillating movement about the movement axis 28;
  • the grinding-body movement is generated in the interior of a grinding bowl, which is not shown in detail and is inserted into the grinding bowl holder 26, which is fluidically connected to the grinding bowl holder 26.
  • the rotary feedthrough 14 is arranged so that its center or the mutually aligned bore portions 17a, 18a and 17b, 18b are aligned with the extended movement axis 28.
  • the liquid nitrogen is passed via the supply line 19 and the switching valve 20 and via the port 1 18a in the rotary feedthrough 14 and leaves the rotary feedthrough 14 via the connected to the terminal 1 17a of the movable member 16 feed line 12.
  • the nitrogen flow is to Mahlbecherhalterung 26 and from there back to the moving part 16 of the rotary feedthrough 14 and finally passes through the stationary part 15 of the rotary feedthrough 14 and the connected return line 23 into the collecting vessel 24.
  • the switching valve 20 is closed. After so much nitrogen has evaporated that the sensor is no longer wetted with, the switching valve 20 is opened again.
  • the movable part 16 in each case engages a radially protruding proboscis 32 in a receptacle 33 formed on the two stationary parts 15a and 15b, a radial sealing ring 34 being arranged in the receptacle 33, which holds the trunk 32 of the movable part 16 encloses and with its sealing lip the stationary part 15 a and 15 b against the movable part 16 seals.
  • this seal is formed in a radial arrangement, the seal can also be made on the front side.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)

Abstract

A laboratory grinder comprising at least one grinding beaker carrying out a rotary movement about the central axis thereof, the grinding beaker being connected to at least one line for conducting a liquid or gaseous medium, is characterized in that the line is guided by way of a rotary lead-through (14) having a stationary part (15) and a moveable part (16) coupled to the movement of the grinding beaker (11), wherein the stationary part (15) comprises at least one connection (118a, 118b) for a stationary line and the moveable part (16) at least one connection (117a, 117b) for a line leading to the grinding beaker (11).

Description

Labormühle mit Drehdurchführungen für die mit einem Medium zu versorgenden Mahlbecher Laboratory mill with rotary feedthroughs for the grinding bowl to be supplied with a medium
B e s c h r e i b u n gDescription
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Labormühle mit wenigstens einem eine Drehbewegung um seine Zentralachse ausführenden Mahlbecher, wobei der Mahlbecher an wenigstens eine Leitung zur Durchleitung eines flüssigen oder gasförmigen Mediums angeschlossen ist.The invention relates to a laboratory mill with at least one rotary movement about its central axis performing Mahlbecher, wherein the grinding bowl is connected to at least one line for the passage of a liquid or gaseous medium.
Eine derartige Labormühle ist beispielsweise in der Form einer Schwingmühle oder einer ein Übersetzungsverhältnis von 1 :- 1 aufweisenden Planetenkugelmühle bekannt. Soweit es bekannt ist, dass spröde Materialien in derartigen Labormühlen besonders effizient zerkleinert werden, erfolgt in entsprechenden Fällen eine zusätzliche Versprödung des zu zerkleinernden Materials durch Kühlung mit flüssigem Stickstoff. Hierzu muss der flüssige Stickstoff kontinuierlich an den sich bewegenden Mahlbecher zugeführt und aus diesem abgeführt werden. In diesem Zusammenhang ist es bekannt, die Versorgung der Mahlbecher mit dem flüssigen oder gasförmigen Medium, beispielsweise Stickstoff, mittels entsprechend angeordneter flexibler Schläuche durchzuführen. Hierbei werden die Schläuche direkt an der Mahlbecherhalterung befestigt, wobei dann eine strömungstechnische Verbindung zwischen der Mahlbecherhalterung und dem eingesetzten Mahlbecher besteht. Beim praktischen Gebrauch besitzen diese Schlauchverbindungen wegen der großen Amplitude der Wechselbeanspruchung durch die Bewegung des Mahlbechers aber eine geringere Lebensdauer. Insbesondere bei der Verwendung von flüssigem Stickstoff sind daher zusätzliche Sicherheitsvorkehrungen notwendig, um die Gefährdung von Personen bei einem Versagen der Schlauchverbindungen auszuschließen.Such a laboratory mill is known, for example, in the form of a vibrating mill or a planetary ball mill having a transmission ratio of 1: 1. As far as it is known that brittle materials are comminuted particularly efficiently in such laboratory mills, additional embrittlement of the material to be comminuted by cooling with liquid nitrogen takes place in corresponding cases. For this purpose, the liquid nitrogen must be continuously supplied to the moving grinding bowl and removed from it. In this connection, it is known to supply the grinding bowls with the liquid or gaseous medium, for example nitrogen, by means of suitably arranged flexible hoses. Here, the hoses are attached directly to the Mahlbecherhalterung, in which case a fluidic connection between the Mahlbecherhalterung and the grinding bowl used. In practical use, however, these hose connections have a shorter life because of the large amplitude of the alternating stress due to the movement of the grinding bowl. In particular, when using liquid nitrogen therefore additional safety precautions are necessary to exclude the risk to persons in case of failure of the hose connections.
Neben der Stickstoffanwendung nutzen andere Anwendungen von mechanischer Energie beim Mahlvorgang das kurzfristige lokale Freisetzen größerer Energiemengen zur Einleitung chemischer Reaktionen. Je nach den eintretenden Reaktionen muss der Mahlbecher unter Umständen gekühlt oder beheizt werden. Auch dies erfordert dessen kontinuierliche Versorgung mit einem Medium zur Temperierung des Reaktionsraumes.In addition to nitrogen application, other applications of mechanical energy in the grinding process use the short-term local release of larger amounts of energy to initiate chemical reactions. Depending on the reactions that occur, the grinding bowl may need to be cooled or heated. This also requires its continuous supply of a medium for temperature control of the reaction space.
In wiederum anderen Anwendungsfällen werden bei der Zerkleinerung des Mahlgutes Gase frei, die Gegenstand einer weiteren Analyse sein können. Diese Gase müssen daher kontinuierlich aus dem Mahlbecher abgeführt und es muss das entnommene Volumen durch eine entsprechende Gaszufuhr ausgeglichen werden.In still other applications, gases are released during the comminution of the ground material, which may be the subject of further analysis. These gases must therefore be continuously removed from the grinding bowl and it must be compensated for the extracted volume by a corresponding gas supply.
Allen vorstehend angesprochenen Anwendungen ist dabei das Problem zu eigen, flüssige oder gasförmige Medien an einen sich bewegenden Mahlbecher zu leiten, und daher liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Labormühle mit den eingangs genannten Merkmalen zu schaffen, bei welcher ein sicherer Anschluss der entsprechend notwendigen Leitungen zur Durchführung von flüssigen oder gasförmigen Medien gewährleistet ist.All applications mentioned above have the problem of conducting liquid or gaseous media to a moving grinding bowl, and it is therefore an object of the invention to provide a laboratory mill with the features mentioned above, in which a secure connection of the correspondingly necessary Lines for the passage of liquid or gaseous media is ensured.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe ergibt sich einschließlich vorteilhafter Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung aus dem Inhalt der Patentansprüche, welche dieser Beschreibung nachgestellt sind. Die Erfindung sieht in ihrem Grundgedanken vor, dass die Leitung über eine Drehdurchführung mit einem stationären Teil und einem an die Bewegung des Mahlbechers gekoppelten beweglichen Teil geführt ist, wobei der stationäre Teil wenigstens einen Anschluss für eine ortsfeste Leitung und der bewegliche Teil wenigstens einen Anschluss für eine zum Mahlbecher führende Leitung aufweist.The solution to this problem arises, including advantageous refinements and developments of the invention from the content of the claims, which are adjusted to this description. The invention provides in its basic idea that the conduit is guided via a rotary feedthrough with a stationary part and a moving part coupled to the movement of the grinding bowl, wherein the stationary part has at least one connection for a fixed line and the movable part at least one connection for having a leading to Mahlbecher line.
Mit der Erfindung ist der Vorteil verbunden, dass die Verbindung des Mahlbechers mit der Zufuhr- bzw. Abfuhrleitung für das Medium über ein weitgehend starres Leitungssystem erfolgen kann, weil die Relativbewegung zwischen dem beweglichen Mahlbecher und dem ortsfesten Ver- bzw. Entsorgungssystem über das relativ zum stationären Teil bewegbare bewegliche Teil der zwischengeschalteten Drehdurchführung kompensiert wird. Die jeweiligen Bewegungen werden innerhalb der Drehdurchführung auf einen kleinstmöglichen Radius reduziert, so dass wegen der so minimierten Relativgeschwindigkeit und Relativbewegung zwischen dem stationären und dem beweglichen Teil der Drehdurchführung eine berührende Dichtung verwendet werden kann, die zwischen den miteinander fluchtenden Bohrungsabschnitten im stationären wie im beweglichen Teil der Drehdurchführung wirksam ist.The invention has the advantage that the connection of the grinding bowl with the supply or discharge line for the medium can be made via a substantially rigid conduit system, because the relative movement between the movable grinding bowl and the stationary supply or disposal system on the relative to stationary part movable movable part of the intermediate rotary feedthrough is compensated. The respective movements are reduced within the rotary feedthrough to a smallest possible radius, so that because of the so minimized relative speed and relative movement between the stationary and the movable part of the rotary feedthrough a contacting seal can be used, which is located between the mutually aligned bore sections in the stationary as in the moving part the rotary feedthrough is effective.
Nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass an j edem Mahlbecher zwei Leitungen zur Zufuhr und zur Abfuhr des Mediums angeschlossen und beide Leitungen über die Drehdurchführung geführt sind, wobei an dem stationären Teil und an dem beweglichen Teil der Drehdurchführung jeweils zwei externe und interne Anschlüsse ausgebildet sind.According to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that connected to j edem Mahlbecher two lines for supply and removal of the medium and both lines are guided over the rotary feedthrough, wherein on the stationary part and on the movable part of the rotary feedthrough each two external and internal connections are formed.
Nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass sowohl in dem stationären Teil als auch in dem beweglichen Teil der Drehdurchführung Bohrungen zur Durchleitung des Mediums durch die Drehdurchführung ausgebildet sind und die Bohrungen im stationären Teil und im beweglichen Teil jeweils einen miteinander fluchtenden, in der Bewegungsachse des beweglichen Teils verlaufenden Abschnitt aufweisenAccording to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that both in the stationary part and in the movable part of the rotary feedthrough bores for the passage of the medium through the rotary feedthrough are formed and the holes in the stationary part and in the movable part each having a mutually aligned, extending in the axis of movement of the movable part section
Hinsichtlich der Herstellung eines abgedichteten Leitungsweges ist nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die miteinander fluchtenden Abschnitte der in der Drehdurchführung ausgebildeten Bohrungen jeweils zwischen dem stationären Teil und dem beweglichen Teil gegeneinander abgedichtet sind.With regard to the production of a sealed line path, it is provided according to an embodiment of the invention that the mutually aligned portions of the holes formed in the rotary feedthrough are each sealed between the stationary part and the movable part against each other.
Im einzelnen kann dazu vorgesehen sein, dass an dem beweglichen Teil der Drehdurchführung in Fortführung des fluchtenden Abschnitts der Bohrung ein vorstehender Rüssel ausgebildet ist, der formschlüssig in eine in dem stationären Teil ausgebildete Aufnahme eingreift, wobei zwischen Rüssel und Aufnahme eine Dichtung angeordnet ist.Specifically, it can be provided that on the movable part of the rotary feedthrough in continuation of the aligned portion of the bore, a protruding proboscis is formed, which engages positively in a formed in the stationary part receptacle, wherein between the trunk and receiving a seal is arranged.
In alternativen Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung kann hinsichtlich der Anordnung der Teile der Drehdurchführung zueinander vorgesehen sein, dass der stationäre Teil der Drehdurchführung radial oder auch stirnseitig gegenüber dem beweglichen Teil abgedichtet ist.In alternative embodiments of the invention can be provided with respect to the arrangement of the parts of the rotary feedthrough to each other that the stationary part of the rotary feedthrough is sealed radially or frontally with respect to the movable part.
Soweit es bekannt ist, dass Labormühlen eine Mehrzahl von Mahlbechern beinhalten, ist nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass entsprechend auch eine Mehrzahl von Mahlbechern vorgesehen sein kann, denen dann jeweils eine Drehdurchführung zugeordnet ist.As far as it is known that laboratory mills include a plurality of grinding bowls, according to one embodiment of the invention it is provided that correspondingly a plurality of grinding bowls can be provided, to each of which then a rotary feedthrough is assigned.
Soweit es im Stand der Technik ebenfalls bekannt ist, die Mahlbecher in an der Labormühle angeordneten Mahlbecherhalterungen festzulegen, ist nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung entsprechend vorgesehen, dass die wenigstens eine Leitung an die Mahlbecherhalterung angeschlossen und die Mahlbecherhalterung mit dem Mahlbecher strömungstechnisch verbunden ist. Entsprechend ist dann die Drehdurchführung der Mahlbecherhalterung zugeordnet. Soweit die Mahlbecher bei unterschiedlichen Bauarten von Labormühlen auch unterschiedliche Bewegungen ausführen können, ist nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass die Mahlbecher nur eine Teilkreisbewegung ausführen. Da bei einer solchen Ausführungsform auch die Relativbewegung des beweglichen Teils der Drehdurchführung zu deren stationären Teil begrenzt ist, kann bei einer derartigen Ausführungsform der Labormühle vorgesehen sein, dass die am stationären Teil ausgebildeten Anschlüsse mit den am beweglichen Teil ausgebildeten Anschlüssen, über flexible Leitungsabschnitte verbunden ist.As far as it is also known in the prior art to specify the grinding bowls arranged on the laboratory mill Mahlbecherhalterungen, according to an embodiment of the invention provides that the at least one line connected to the Mahlbecherhalterung and the Mahlbecherhalterung is fluidly connected to the grinding bowl. Accordingly, then the rotary feedthrough of grinding bowl holder is assigned. As far as the grinding bowls can perform different movements in different types of laboratory mills, according to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the grinding bowls perform only a pitch circle movement. Since in such an embodiment, the relative movement of the movable part of the rotary feedthrough is limited to the stationary part, may be provided in such an embodiment of the laboratory mill, that the formed on the stationary part of the terminals with the terminals on the movable part, is connected via flexible line sections ,
Alternativ kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Mahlbecher in der zugeordneten Halterung eine Rotationsbewegung ausführen, wobei entsprechend für den beweglichen Teil der Drehdurchführung eine Rotationsbewegung eingerichtet sein muss.Alternatively, it can be provided that the grinding bowls execute a rotational movement in the associated holder, wherein accordingly a rotational movement has to be set up for the movable part of the rotary feedthrough.
Nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Mahlbecher mit ihrer Zentralachse um eine davon beabstandete Geräteachse rotieren, wobei j eder Rotationsachse j eweils eine Drehdurchführung zugeordnet ist. Mit diesem Merkmal wird beispielsweise eine Planetenmühle gekennzeichnet, bei welcher der Mahlbecher konzentrisch um die Zentralachse der Planetenscheibe dreht, während gleichzeitig sich diese Planetenscheibe um den Mittelpunkt des Sonnenrades dreht. Bei derartigen einander überlagernden Kreisbewegungen muss je Rotationszentrum dann mindestens eine Drehdurchführung verwendet werden.According to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the grinding bowls rotate with their central axis about a device axis spaced therefrom, wherein each rotation axis is in each case associated with a rotary feedthrough. With this feature, for example, a planetary mill is characterized in which the grinding cup concentrically rotates about the central axis of the planetary disc, while at the same time this planetary disc rotates about the center of the sun gear. In such superimposed circular movements then at least one rotary union must be used per rotation center.
Schließlich ist hinsichtlich der Anwendung der Labormühle vorgesehen, dass das Medium ein flüssiger Stickstoff ist oder dass das eingesetzte flüssige oder gasförmige Medium temperiert ist, beispielsweise um eine Heiz- oder Kühlwirkung für den Mahlbecher zu erzeugen oder dass das Medium aus einem speziellen Analysengas besteht. In der Zeichnung sind Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung wiedergegeben, welche nachstehend beschrieben sind. Es zeigen:Finally, with regard to the use of the laboratory mill, it is provided that the medium is a liquid nitrogen or that the liquid or gaseous medium used is tempered, for example to produce a heating or cooling effect for the grinding bowl, or that the medium consists of a special analysis gas. In the drawings, embodiments of the invention are shown, which are described below. Show it:
Fig. 1 eine für den Betrieb mit flüssigem Stickstoff eingerichteteFig. 1 is set up for operation with liquid nitrogen
Labormühle mit zugeordneten Ver- und Entsorgungsaggregaten und zwischengeschalteter Drehdurchführung in einer schematischen Darstellung,Laboratory mill with associated supply and disposal units and intermediate rotary feedthrough in a schematic representation,
Fig. 2 den Aufbau einer als Schwingmühle ausgebildeten Labormühle mit einem Mahlbecher und zugeordneter Drehdurchführung in einer perspektivischen Gesamtansicht,2 shows the construction of a laboratory mill designed as a vibrating mill with a grinding bowl and associated rotary feedthrough in a perspective overall view,
Fig. 3 die Ausbildung der Drehdurchführung gemäß Figur 2 in einer vergrößerten Darstellung,3 shows the embodiment of the rotary feedthrough according to FIG. 2 in an enlarged view,
Fig. 4 die Drehdurchführung gemäß Figur 3 in einer anderenFig. 4, the rotary feedthrough according to Figure 3 in another
Ausführungsform.Embodiment.
Wie sich aus Figur 1 ergibt, weist die nur schematisch dargestellte Labormühle 10 einen Mahlbecher 1 1 auf, an den eine Zuleitung 12 und eine Rückleitung 13 zur Versorgung des Mahlbechers 1 1 mit flüssigem Stickstoff angeschlossen sind. Die Leitungen 12 und 13 sind im Hinblick auf die Bewegung des Mahlbechers 1 1 über eine Drehdurchführung 14 geführt mit einem stationären Teil 15 und einem beweglichen Teil 16. Der stationäre Teil 15 besteht aus zwei, den beweglichen Teil 16 zwischen sich einschließenden Teilen 15a, 15b, die über eine hier nicht weiter dargestellte, mit dem Gehäuse der Labormühle 10 zu verbindende Halterung aneinander gehaltert sind. In dem beweglichen Teil 16 sind zwei Bohrungen 17a und 17b ausgebildet, wobei die Bohrung 17a an die Zuleitung 12 und die Bohrung 17b an die Rückleitung 13 angeschlossen sind. In dem beweglichen Teil 16 der Drehdurchführung 14 knicken die Bohrungen 17a und 17b jeweils um 90 Grad nach außen ab und finden hier einen Anschluss an entsprechend in den stationären Teilen 15a und 15b ausgebildeten Bohrungen 18a und 18b, wobei die miteinander fluchtenden Leitungsabschnitte der Bohrungen 17a und 18a beziehungsweise 17b und 18b in der Bewegungsachse des beweglichen Teils 16 gegenüber dem stationären Teil 15 angeordnet sind.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the laboratory mill 10, shown only schematically, has a grinding bowl 11 to which a supply line 12 and a return line 13 for supplying the grinding bowl 11 are connected with liquid nitrogen. The lines 12 and 13 are in view of the movement of the Mahlbechers 1 1 via a rotary feedthrough 14 guided with a stationary part 15 and a movable part 16. The stationary part 15 consists of two, the movable part 16 between them enclosing parts 15a, 15b , which are supported by a not shown here, to be connected to the housing of the laboratory mill 10 holder to each other. In the movable part 16 two holes 17 a and 17 b are formed, wherein the bore 17 a to the feed line 12 and the bore 17 b are connected to the return line 13. In the movable part 16 of the rotary feedthrough 14, the bores 17a and 17b bend outward by 90 degrees and here they find a connection to boreholes 18a and 18b respectively formed in the stationary parts 15a and 15b the mutually aligned line sections of the bores 17a and 18a or 17b and 18b are arranged in the axis of movement of the movable part 16 relative to the stationary part 15.
An die Bohrung 18a des stationären Teils 15a ist die Zuleitung 19 angeschlossen, die von einem Vorratsbehälter 21 für den flüssigen Stickstoff her kommt, wobei in die Zuleitung 19 entsprechende Ventile 20 mit Steuer- und Sicherheitsfunktionen eingeschaltet sind. In dem Vorratsbehälter 21 steht flüssiger Stickstoff mit einem Flüssigkeitsspiegel 22 an.To the bore 18a of the stationary part 15a, the supply line 19 is connected, which comes from a reservoir 21 for the liquid nitrogen, wherein in the supply line 19 corresponding valves 20 are turned on with control and safety functions. In the reservoir 21 is liquid nitrogen with a liquid level 22 at.
An die Bohrung 18b des stationären Teils 15b ist eine Rückleitung 23 angeschlossen, die zu einem Auffanggefäß 24 geführt ist, in der ebenfalls flüssiger Stickstoff mit einem Flüssigkeitsspiegel 25 steht.To the bore 18b of the stationary part 15b, a return line 23 is connected, which is guided to a collecting vessel 24, in which also liquid nitrogen with a liquid level 25 is.
Aus der Anordnung ist erkennbar, dass sich das bewegliche Teil 16 gegenüber dem stationären Teil 15 der Drehdurchführung 14 relativ bewegen kann, ohne dass der Leitungsübergang zwischen den in den vorgenannten Teilen angeordneten Bohrungen 17a und 18a bzw. 17b und 18b aufgehoben ist.From the arrangement it can be seen that the movable part 16 relative to the stationary part 15 of the rotary feedthrough 14 can move relatively, without the line transition between the arranged in the aforementioned parts holes 17a and 18a and 17b and 18b is repealed.
Die Ausbildung der entsprechenden Drehdurchführung 14 in Verbindung mit der Labormühle 10 ist aus Figur 2 ersichtlich. Hier ist die Zuleitung 19 für den flüssigen Stickstoff dargestellt, die über ein entsprechend angeordnetes Ventil 20 an einen Anschluss 1 18a des stationären Teils 15 der Drehdurchführung 14 angeschlossen ist. Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist erkennbar, dass die beiden einzelnen Teile 15a und 15b des stationären Teils 15 von einem mit dem Gehäuse der Labormühle 10 verbundenen Halter 30 festgehalten sind. Entsprechend geht von dem stationären Teil 15b bzw. von dessen Anschluss 1 18b die Rückleitung 23 zu dem Auffanggefäß 24 ab.The design of the corresponding rotary feedthrough 14 in conjunction with the laboratory mill 10 can be seen in FIG. Here, the supply line 19 is shown for the liquid nitrogen, which is connected via a correspondingly arranged valve 20 to a port 1 18a of the stationary part 15 of the rotary feedthrough 14. In the illustrated embodiment, it can be seen that the two individual parts 15a and 15b of the stationary part 15 are held in place by a holder 30 connected to the housing of the laboratory mill 10. Accordingly, from the stationary part 15b or from its connection 1 18b, the return line 23 to the collecting vessel 24 from.
Aus Figur 2 ist das bewegliche Teil 16 mit seinen Anschlüssen 1 17a und 1 17b für die daran angeschlossenen Leitungen, nämlich die Zuleitung 12 und die Rückleitung 13 erkennbar, die beide zu einer Mahlbecherhalterung 26 geführt und daran angeschlossen sind. Die Mahlbecherhalterung 26 ist an einer drehbar gelagerten Schwinge 27 befestigt und führt eine oszillierende Bewegung um die Bewegungsachse 28 aus; hierdurch wird die Mahlkörperbewegung im Inneren eines in die Mahlbecherhalterung 26 eingesetzten, nicht weiter dargestellten Mahlbechers erzeugt, der strömungstechnisch mit der Mahlbecherhalterung 26 verbunden ist. Die Drehdurchführung 14 ist dabei so angeordnet, dass ihr Zentrum beziehungsweise die miteinander fluchtenden Bohrungsabschnitte 17a, 18a bzw. 17b, 18b mit der verlängerten Bewegungsachse 28 fluchten.From Figure 2, the movable part 16 with its terminals 1 17a and 17b for the connected thereto, namely the supply line 12 and the Recirculation 13 recognizable, both of which are guided to a Mahlbecherhalterung 26 and connected thereto. The Mahlbecherhalterung 26 is attached to a rotatably mounted rocker 27 and performs an oscillating movement about the movement axis 28; As a result of this, the grinding-body movement is generated in the interior of a grinding bowl, which is not shown in detail and is inserted into the grinding bowl holder 26, which is fluidically connected to the grinding bowl holder 26. The rotary feedthrough 14 is arranged so that its center or the mutually aligned bore portions 17a, 18a and 17b, 18b are aligned with the extended movement axis 28.
Der flüssige Stickstoff wird über die Zuleitung 19 und das Schaltventil 20 sowie über den Anschluss 1 18a in die Drehdurchführung 14 geleitet und verlässt die Drehdurchführung 14 über die an dem Anschluss 1 17a des beweglichen Teils 16 angeschlossene Zuleitung 12. Der Stickstoffstrom wird zur Mahlbecherhalterung 26 und von dort wieder zurück zum beweglichen Teil 16 der Drehdurchführung 14 geführt und gelangt schließlich über den stationären Teil 15 der Drehdurchführung 14 und die daran angeschlossene Rückleitung 23 in das Auffanggefäß 24. Sobald ein am Auffanggefäß 24 angeordneter Sensor 3 1 mit dem flüssigen Stickstoff in Berührung kommt, wird das Schaltventil 20 geschlossen. Nachdem soviel Stickstoff verdampft ist, dass der Sensor nicht mehr mit benetzt ist, wird das Schaltventil 20 wieder geöffnet.The liquid nitrogen is passed via the supply line 19 and the switching valve 20 and via the port 1 18a in the rotary feedthrough 14 and leaves the rotary feedthrough 14 via the connected to the terminal 1 17a of the movable member 16 feed line 12. The nitrogen flow is to Mahlbecherhalterung 26 and from there back to the moving part 16 of the rotary feedthrough 14 and finally passes through the stationary part 15 of the rotary feedthrough 14 and the connected return line 23 into the collecting vessel 24. As soon as a arranged on the collecting vessel 24 sensor 3 1 comes into contact with the liquid nitrogen , the switching valve 20 is closed. After so much nitrogen has evaporated that the sensor is no longer wetted with, the switching valve 20 is opened again.
Wie aus Figur 3 näher ersichtlich, greift das bewegliche Teil 16 mit j eweils einem radial abstehenden Rüssel 32 in eine an den beiden stationären Teilen 15a und 15b jeweils ausgebildete Aufnahme 33 ein, wobei in der Aufnahme 33 ein Radialdichtring 34 angeordnet ist, der den Rüssel 32 des beweglichen Teils 16 umschließt und mit seiner Dichtlippe den stationären Teil 15a bzw. 15b gegenüber dem beweglichen Teil 16 abdichtet. Soweit bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel diese Abdichtung in einer radialen Anordnung ausgebildet ist, kann die Abdichtung auch stirnseitig erfolgen. Bei der in Figur 4 dargestellten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind im Inneren von stationären Teil 15 und beweglichem Teil 16 keine Bohrungen ausgebildet, vielmehr sind die zugeordneten Anschlüsse 1 18a, 1 18b für die Zulaufleitung 19 beziehungsweise Rückleitung 23 an den stationären Teilen 15a, 15b einerseits und die Anschlüsse 1 17a, 1 17b für die Zuleitung 12 und die Rückleitung 13 an dem beweglichen Teil 16 andererseits durch flexible Leitungsabschnitte 35 , beispielsweise Schlauchverbindungen, verbunden; eine solche Ausführungs-form ist j edoch nur bei Labormühlen sinnvoll, deren Mahlbecher 1 1 eine Teilkreisbewegung ausführen.As can be seen in more detail from FIG. 3, the movable part 16 in each case engages a radially protruding proboscis 32 in a receptacle 33 formed on the two stationary parts 15a and 15b, a radial sealing ring 34 being arranged in the receptacle 33, which holds the trunk 32 of the movable part 16 encloses and with its sealing lip the stationary part 15 a and 15 b against the movable part 16 seals. As far as in the illustrated embodiment, this seal is formed in a radial arrangement, the seal can also be made on the front side. In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 4 no holes are formed in the interior of stationary part 15 and movable part 16, but the associated terminals 1 18a, 1 18b for the supply line 19 and return line 23 to the stationary parts 15a, 15b on the one hand and the terminals 1 17a, 1 17b for the supply line 12 and the return line 13 on the movable part 16 on the other hand connected by flexible line sections 35, for example hose connections; However, such an embodiment is only useful in laboratory mills whose grinding bowls 1 1 execute a pitch circle movement.
Die in der vorstehenden Beschreibung, den Patentansprüchen, der Zusammenfassung und der Zeichnung offenbarten Merkmale des Gegenstandes dieser Unterlagen können einzeln als auch in beliebigen Kombinationen untereinander für die Verwirklichung der Erfindung in ihren verschiedenen Ausführungsformen wesentlich sein. The features disclosed in the foregoing description, the claims, the abstract and the drawings of the subject matter of these documents may be essential individually as well as in any combination with each other for the realization of the invention in its various embodiments.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Labormühle mit wenigstens einem eine Drehbewegung um seine Zentralachse ausführenden Mahlbecher, wobei der Mahlbecher an wenigstens eine Leitung zur Durchleitung eines flüssigen oder gasförmigen Mediums angeschlossen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leitung über eine Drehdurchführung (14) mit einem stationären Teil (15) und einem an die Bewegung des Mahlbechers (11) gekoppelten beweglichen Teil (16) geführt ist, wobei der stationäre Teil (15) wenigstens einen Anschluss (118a, 118b) für eine ortsfeste Leitung und der bewegliche Teil (16) wenigstens einen Anschluss (117a, 117b) für eine zum Mahlbecher (11) führende Leitung aufweist.1. Laboratory mill with at least one rotary movement about its central axis performing Mahlbecher, wherein the grinding bowl is connected to at least one line for the passage of a liquid or gaseous medium, characterized in that the line via a rotary feedthrough (14) with a stationary part (15) and a movable part (16) coupled to the movement of the grinding bowl (11), the stationary part (15) having at least one stationary line connection (118a, 118b) and at least one connection (117a , 117b) for a line leading to the grinding bowl (11).
2. Labormühle nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an jedem Mahlbecher (11) zwei Leitungen (12, 13) zur Zufuhr und zur Abfuhr des Mediums angeschlossen und beide Leitungen (12, 13) über die Drehdurchführung (14) geführt sind, wobei an dem stationären Teil (15) und an dem beweglichen Teil (16) der Drehdurchführung (14) jeweils zwei externe (118a, 118b) und interne Anschlüsse (117a, 117b) ausgebildet sind. 2. Laboratory mill according to claim 1, characterized in that connected to each grinding cup (11) two lines (12, 13) for supplying and discharging the medium and both lines (12, 13) via the rotary feedthrough (14) are guided, wherein two external (118a, 118b) and internal connections (117a, 117b) are respectively formed on the stationary part (15) and on the movable part (16) of the rotary feedthrough (14).
3. Labormühle nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sowohl in dem stationären Teil ( 15) als auch in dem beweglichen Teil (16) der Drehdurchführung ( 14) Bohrungen ( 17, 18) zur Durchleitung des Mediums durch die Drehdurchführung ( 14) ausgebildet sind und die Bohrungen ( 18) im stationären Teil (15) und im beweglichen Teil ( 16) jeweils einen miteinander fluchtenden, in der Bewegungsachse des beweglichen Teils ( 16) verlaufenden Abschnitt aufweisen.3. Laboratory mill according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that both in the stationary part (15) and in the movable part (16) of the rotary feedthrough (14) bores (17, 18) for the passage of the medium through the rotary feedthrough (14 ) are formed and the bores (18) in the stationary part (15) and in the movable part (16) each having a mutually aligned, in the movement axis of the movable part (16) extending portion.
4. Labormühle nach Anspruch 3 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die miteinander fluchtenden Abschnitte der in der Drehdurchführung ( 14) ausgebildeten Bohrungen ( 17, 18) jeweils zwischen dem stationären Teil ( 15) und dem beweglichen Teil ( 16) gegeneinander abgedichtet sind.4. Laboratory mill according to claim 3, characterized in that the mutually aligned portions of the in the rotary feedthrough (14) formed holes (17, 18) between the stationary part (15) and the movable part (16) are sealed against each other.
5. Labormühle nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an dem beweglichen Teil ( 16) der Drehdurchführung ( 14) in Fortführung des fluchtenden Abschnitts der Bohrung ( 17, 18) ein vorstehender Rüssel (32) ausgebildet ist, der formschlüssig in eine in dem stationären Teil ( 15) ausgebildete Aufnahme (33) eingreift, wobei zwischen Rüssel (32) und Aufnahme (33) eine Dichtung (34) angeordnet ist.5. Laboratory mill according to claim 4, characterized in that on the movable part (16) of the rotary feedthrough (14) in continuation of the aligned portion of the bore (17, 18) a projecting trunk (32) is formed, the form-fitting in one in the stationary part (15) formed receptacle (33) engages, wherein between the trunk (32) and receptacle (33) a seal (34) is arranged.
6. Labormühle nach Anspruch 4 oder 5 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der stationäre Teil ( 15) der Drehdurchführung ( 14) radial gegenüber dem beweglichen Teil (16) abgedichtet ist.6. Laboratory mill according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the stationary part (15) of the rotary feedthrough (14) is sealed radially relative to the movable part (16).
7. Labormühle nach Anspruch 4 oder 5 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der stationäre Teil ( 15) der Drehdurchführung ( 14) gegen den beweglichen Teil ( 16) stirnseitig abgedichtet ist.7. Laboratory mill according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the stationary part (15) of the rotary feedthrough (14) against the movable part (16) is sealed frontally.
8. Labormühle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Mehrzahl von Mahlbechern ( 1 1 ) angeordnet ist, wobei jedem Mahlbecher ( 1 1 ) eine Drehdurchführung ( 14) zugeordnet ist.8. Laboratory mill according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a plurality of grinding bowls (1 1) is arranged, wherein each grinding cup (1 1) is associated with a rotary feedthrough (14).
9. Labormühle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mahlbecher ( 1 1 ) in an der Labormühle ( 10) angeordneten und ihrerseits die Drehbewegung ausführenden Mahlbecherhalterungen (26) festgelegt sind, wobei die wenigstens eine Leitung an die Mahlbecherhalterung (26) angeschlossen und die Mahlbecherhalterung (26) mit dem Mahlbecher ( 1 1 ) strömungstechnisch verbunden ist.9. Laboratory mill according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the grinding bowl (1 1) arranged in the laboratory mill (10) and in turn the rotary motion exporting Mahlbecherhalterungen (26) are fixed, wherein the at least one line to the Mahlbecherhalterung ( 26) connected and the Mahlbecherhalterung (26) with the grinding bowl (1 1) is fluidly connected.
10. Labormühle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mahlbecher ( 1 1 ) eine Teilkreisbewegung ausführen.10. Laboratory mill according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the grinding bowl (1 1) perform a pitch circle movement.
1 1. Labormühle nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die am stationären Teil ( 15) ausgebildeten Anschlüsse ( 1 1 8a, 1 18b) mit den am beweglichen Teil ( 16) ausgebildeten Anschlüssen ( 1 17a, 1 17b) über flexible Leitungsabschnitte (35) verbunden ist.1 1. Laboratory mill according to claim 10, characterized in that on the stationary part (15) formed connections (1 1 8a, 1 18b) with the movable part (16) formed terminals (1 17a, 1 17b) via flexible line sections ( 35) is connected.
12. Labormühle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mahlbecher ( 1 1 ) eine Rotationsbewegung ausführen.12. Laboratory mill according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the grinding bowl (1 1) perform a rotational movement.
13. Labormühle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mahlbecher ( 1 1 ) mit ihrer Zentralachse um eine davon beabstandete Geräteachse rotieren, wobei jeder Rotationsachse jeweils eine Drehdurchführung ( 14) zugeordnet ist.13. Laboratory mill according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the grinding bowl (1 1) rotate with its central axis about a spaced device axis, wherein each axis of rotation is associated with a rotary feedthrough (14).
14. Labormühle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Medium flüssiger Stickstoff ist.14. Laboratory mill according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the medium is liquid nitrogen.
15. Labormühle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das flüssige oder gasförmige Mediums temperiert ist. 15. Laboratory mill according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the liquid or gaseous medium is tempered.
16. Labormühle nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Medium Analysengas ist. 16. Laboratory mill according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the medium is analysis gas.
EP10701818.6A 2009-01-28 2010-01-26 Laboratory grinder having rotary lead-throughs for grinding beakers to be provided with a medium Active EP2391454B1 (en)

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US8720806B2 (en) 2014-05-13

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