EP2386745B1 - A fuel injector for internal combustion engines - Google Patents
A fuel injector for internal combustion engines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2386745B1 EP2386745B1 EP10162498A EP10162498A EP2386745B1 EP 2386745 B1 EP2386745 B1 EP 2386745B1 EP 10162498 A EP10162498 A EP 10162498A EP 10162498 A EP10162498 A EP 10162498A EP 2386745 B1 EP2386745 B1 EP 2386745B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cut
- cylindrical sealing
- inner openings
- longitudinal bore
- open position
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
- F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
- F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
- F02M45/08—Injectors peculiar thereto
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/042—The valves being provided with fuel passages
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/06—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves being furnished at seated ends with pintle or plug shaped extensions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
- F02M61/12—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type characterised by the provision of guiding or centring means for valve bodies
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1806—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for characterised by the arrangement of discharge orifices, e.g. orientation or size
- F02M61/182—Discharge orifices being situated in different transversal planes with respect to valve member direction of movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
- F02M61/1873—Valve seats or member ends having circumferential grooves or ridges, e.g. toroidal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/06—Fuel-injection apparatus having means for preventing coking, e.g. of fuel injector discharge orifices or valve needles
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel injector for internal combustion engines.
- the invention relates in particular to a fuel injector for large two-stroke internal combustion engines, such as diesel engines for naval propulsion.
- the present invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of claim 1, comprising a housing, a valve guide fixed at the lower end of the housing, an atomizer fixed at a lower end of the valve guide and provided with a plurality of nozzle bores, a spindle having a valve portion cooperating with a valve seat of the valve guide, and a cut-off element extending into a longitudinal bore of the atomizer to reduce the volume in fluid connection with the nozzle bores when the spindle is in a closed position.
- W02008/071187 discloses a fuel injector according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein the inlet openings of the nozzle bores of the atomizer are arranged in a first row and in a second row axially spaced apart and separated from each other by a cylindrical sealing portion.
- a cut-off element extending into a longitudinal bore of the atomizer has a first cylindrical section arranged to open and close the lower row of inlet openings and a second cylindrical section cooperating with a secondary valve seat for closing off the upper row of inlet openings when the valve spindle is closed.
- the lower row of inlet openings is supplied by fuel flowing through a central duct of the cut-off element and the upper row of inlet openings is supplied by fuel flowing in an annular passage defined between the inner wall of the atomizer bore and the outer surface of the cut-off element.
- EP-A-1380750 discloses a fuel injector comprising a nozzle body provided with first and second outlet openings for fuel and a valve needle slidable within a valve needle bore defined in the nozzle body.
- the valve needle bore is shaped to define a seating with which the valve needle is engageable to control fuel flow to a chamber.
- the valve needle is provided with a flow passage communicating with the chamber and a first annular recess communicating with the first outlet opening. Movement of the valve needle away from the seating into a first fuel injecting position causes the chamber to communicate with the first annular recess to permit fuel delivery through the first outlet opening and movement of the valve needle away from the seating into a second fuel injecting position causes fuel in the chamber to flow through the flow passage for delivery through the second outlet opening.
- DE-A- 199 46 906 discloses a fuel-injection valve for internal combustion engines comprising a piston-shaped valve member which moves in an axial direction counter to a closing spring.
- a control piston is arranged in the area opposite the combustion chamber of the valve body and defines a hydraulic control chamber. Depending on the amount of pressure in the control chamber, the control piston can be displaced counter to the closing force of a return spring from a first lifting position which is remote from the valve member into a second lifting position wherein the control piston limits the maximum opening lift movement of the valve member to a partial lift movement.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a new sliding injection valve combined with a needle which slides within the atomiser and controls the opening and closing of the injection holes directly without additional volume between nozzle holes and valve wall, capable of providing variable dosage capabilities by means of stepwise opening of the injection holes of the atomizer.
- the reference number 10 indicates the end portion of a fuel injector for diesel engines according to the present invention.
- the injector 10 is intended to be mounted into an elongated cavity formed in the head of the engine.
- the injector 10 comprises a valve guide 12 having a longitudinal guide bore 14.
- a chamber 16 is formed at the lower end of the guide bore 14.
- the chamber 16 is in flow connection with a fuel supply duct 18.
- a conical valve seat 20 is provided at the bottom end of the chamber 16 of the valve guide 12.
- a short duct 22 extends downwardly of the valve seat 20 and opens on a front face 24 of the valve guide 12.
- An atomizer 26 is fixed at a lower end of the valve guide 12.
- the atomizer 26 has a cylindrical body 28 made of or coated by a corrosion-resistant material.
- the body 28 has a closed bottom end 30.
- An upper front face 32 of the atomizer 26 frontally abuts the front face 24 of the valve guide 12.
- a circular upper flange 34 of the atomizer 26 engages a bottom cylindrical surface 36 of the guide valve 12.
- a vertical pin 38 engages mutually facing openings of the valve guide 12 and of the atomizer 26 to set the atomizer 26 in a fixed angular position with respect to the valve guide 12.
- the atomizer 26 is fixed to the valve guide 12 by means of a retaining element (not shown).
- the atomizer 26 has a longitudinal bore 40 closed at its bottom end.
- the upper end of the longitudinal bore 40 is in flow connection with the chamber 16 through the short duct 22 and the valve seat 20.
- a plurality of nozzle bores 42', 42" is formed through the cylindrical body 28.
- the nozzle bores 42', 42" have respective inner openings 44', 44" facing into the longitudinal bore 40 and outer openings 46', 46" open on the outer surface of the atomizer 26.
- a spindle 48 is displaceable into the valve guide 12 along a direction coincident with the longitudinal axis A of the spindle 48.
- the spindle 48 has a cylindrical portion 50 which slidably engages the longitudinal guide bore 14 of the valve guide 12.
- the spindle 48 has a conical valve portion 52 which cooperates with the conical valve seat 20 of the valve guide 12.
- the spindle 48 is controlled by an electric actuator (not shown) which moves the spindle between a closed position (shown in figure 1 ), a first open position and a second open position.
- the spindle 48 comprises a cut-off element 54 which extends coaxially below the valve portion 52 and into the longitudinal bore 40 of the atomizer 26.
- the cut-off element 54 is fixed to or integrally formed with the remaining part of the spindle 48.
- the lower end of the cut-off element 54 has a cylindrical sealing portion 56 which engages with sealing contact a cylindrical sealing surface 58 of the longitudinal bore 40.
- the cut-off element 54 has a central duct 60 which is in flow connection through transverse holes 62 with an upper region 64 of the longitudinal bore 40 located above the cylindrical sealing surface 58.
- the central duct 60 is also in flow connection through a bottom opening 66 with a lower region 70 of the longitudinal bore 40 located below the lower cylindrical sealing surface 58.
- annular duct 71 is defined between an inner surface of the longitudinal bore 40 and an outer surface of the cut-off element 54.
- the transverse holes 62 of the cut-off element 54 are in flow connection with the annular duct 71.
- Figures 2, 3 and 4 show the cut-off element in the positions corresponding, respectively, to the closed position, first open position and second open position of the spindle 48.
- the inner openings 44', 44" of the nozzle bores 42', 42" are aligned or substantially aligned to each other in a circumferential direction.
- the inner openings are divided in a first group 44' and a second group 44".
- the first group includes at least one inner opening 44' positioned in a shallow recess 72 elongated in the longitudinal direction A and formed on the cylindrical sealing surface 58 of the longitudinal bore 40.
- the or each recess 72 has a lower edge extending below the respective inner opening 44'.
- the inner openings of the second group are open on the cylindrical sealing surface 58. When more recesses 72 are provided, the axial length of such recesses 72 can be different, as shown in figures 2-4 .
- FIG. 5 An injector not belonging to the present invention is shown in figure 5 .
- the elements corresponding to the ones previously described are indicated by the same reference numbers.
- nozzle bores 42', 42" have respective inner openings 44', 44" and outer openings 46', 46" spaced apart from each other in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis A.
- the inner openings 44', 44" are formed on the cylindrical sealing surface 58 of the atomizer 26.
- the cylindrical sealing portion 56 of the cut-off element has an annular groove 74 which separates from each other an upper sealing portion 76 and a lower sealing portion 78 which cooperate in sealing contact with the cylindrical sealing surface 58 of the longitudinal bore 40.
- FIG. 9 An alternative arrangement is shown in figures 9, 10 and 11 . Also in this case there are provided at least two nozzle bores 42', 42" with respective inner openings 44', 44" and outer openings 46', 46" spaced apart from each other in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis A.
- the cut-off element 54 has a cylindrical sealing portion 56 which is in continuous sealing contact with the cylindrical sealing surface 58 of the longitudinal bore 40 up to its lower edge 80.
- the solution according to the present invention allows to save fuel, to control injection rate and therefore to control the heat release in the combustion chamber, to reduce the NOx formation and to reduce the HC emissions.
- the solution described herein control directly the nozzle holes opening/closing and allow an easier control the injection cross-section (nozzle areas) depending on the load or intended injection rate / heat release.
- the fuel With nozzle bores in two or more lines, at low engine load the fuel will be injected through the holes in the first line, which contains at one or more injection holes. At higher loads the needle stroke has to be increased in a second (continuous) step to allow the injection also through the holes in the next (second) lines/stages. Through speed and step control of the needle stroke it is possible to control also the heat release at higher loads.
- the solution with nozzle hole substantially on one line allows also easier design and better needle guide in the sliding area.
- one ore more injection holes are within a recess, which allows depending on the needle stroke to inject through the first holes.
- the recesses might be in different heights.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Description
- The present invention relates to a fuel injector for internal combustion engines. The invention relates in particular to a fuel injector for large two-stroke internal combustion engines, such as diesel engines for naval propulsion.
- More specifically, the present invention relates to a fuel injector according to the preamble of claim 1, comprising a housing, a valve guide fixed at the lower end of the housing, an atomizer fixed at a lower end of the valve guide and provided with a plurality of nozzle bores, a spindle having a valve portion cooperating with a valve seat of the valve guide, and a cut-off element extending into a longitudinal bore of the atomizer to reduce the volume in fluid connection with the nozzle bores when the spindle is in a closed position.
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W02008/071187 discloses a fuel injector according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein the inlet openings of the nozzle bores of the atomizer are arranged in a first row and in a second row axially spaced apart and separated from each other by a cylindrical sealing portion. A cut-off element extending into a longitudinal bore of the atomizer has a first cylindrical section arranged to open and close the lower row of inlet openings and a second cylindrical section cooperating with a secondary valve seat for closing off the upper row of inlet openings when the valve spindle is closed. - When the valve spindle is open, the lower row of inlet openings is supplied by fuel flowing through a central duct of the cut-off element and the upper row of inlet openings is supplied by fuel flowing in an annular passage defined between the inner wall of the atomizer bore and the outer surface of the cut-off element.
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EP-A-1380750 discloses a fuel injector comprising a nozzle body provided with first and second outlet openings for fuel and a valve needle slidable within a valve needle bore defined in the nozzle body. The valve needle bore is shaped to define a seating with which the valve needle is engageable to control fuel flow to a chamber. The valve needle is provided with a flow passage communicating with the chamber and a first annular recess communicating with the first outlet opening. Movement of the valve needle away from the seating into a first fuel injecting position causes the chamber to communicate with the first annular recess to permit fuel delivery through the first outlet opening and movement of the valve needle away from the seating into a second fuel injecting position causes fuel in the chamber to flow through the flow passage for delivery through the second outlet opening. -
DE-A- 199 46 906 discloses a fuel-injection valve for internal combustion engines comprising a piston-shaped valve member which moves in an axial direction counter to a closing spring. A control piston is arranged in the area opposite the combustion chamber of the valve body and defines a hydraulic control chamber. Depending on the amount of pressure in the control chamber, the control piston can be displaced counter to the closing force of a return spring from a first lifting position which is remote from the valve member into a second lifting position wherein the control piston limits the maximum opening lift movement of the valve member to a partial lift movement. - Future requirements and restrictions concerning emissions, in particular of NOx and HC-particles etc., demand injection devices for 2-Stroke engines with variable dosage capabilities to optimise the heat release by variable opening and closing of the injection holes with zero sack volume, which is highly responsible for HC emissions.
- The object of the present invention is to provide a new sliding injection valve combined with a needle which slides within the atomiser and controls the opening and closing of the injection holes directly without additional volume between nozzle holes and valve wall, capable of providing variable dosage capabilities by means of stepwise opening of the injection holes of the atomizer.
- In accordance with the present invention, this object is achieved by a fuel injector as defined in the appended claims.
- Further characteristics and advantages of the present invention will become clear in the course of the detailed description which follows, given purely by way of non-limiting example, with reference to the annexed drawings, wherein:
-
figure 1 is an axial cross-section of the end portion of a first embodiment of an injector according to the present invention, -
figures 2, 3 and 4 are axial cross-sections showing the part indicated by the arrow II infigure 1 in three different positions, -
figure 5 is an axial cross-section of the end portion of an injector not belonging to the present invention, -
figures 6, 7 and 8 are axial cross-sections showing the part indicated by the arrow VI infigure 5 in three different positions, and -
figures 9, 10 and 11 are axial cross-sections showing an alternative embodiment of the part indicated by the arrow VI infigure 5 in three different positions. - Referring to
figure 1 , thereference number 10 indicates the end portion of a fuel injector for diesel engines according to the present invention. Theinjector 10 is intended to be mounted into an elongated cavity formed in the head of the engine. - The
injector 10 comprises avalve guide 12 having a longitudinal guide bore 14. Achamber 16 is formed at the lower end of the guide bore 14. Thechamber 16 is in flow connection with afuel supply duct 18. - A
conical valve seat 20 is provided at the bottom end of thechamber 16 of thevalve guide 12. Ashort duct 22 extends downwardly of thevalve seat 20 and opens on afront face 24 of thevalve guide 12. - An
atomizer 26 is fixed at a lower end of thevalve guide 12. Theatomizer 26 has acylindrical body 28 made of or coated by a corrosion-resistant material. Thebody 28 has a closedbottom end 30. An upperfront face 32 of theatomizer 26 frontally abuts thefront face 24 of thevalve guide 12. A circularupper flange 34 of theatomizer 26 engages a bottomcylindrical surface 36 of theguide valve 12. A vertical pin 38 engages mutually facing openings of thevalve guide 12 and of theatomizer 26 to set theatomizer 26 in a fixed angular position with respect to thevalve guide 12. Theatomizer 26 is fixed to thevalve guide 12 by means of a retaining element (not shown). - In the following description and in the claims the terms like "upper", "lower", "above", below", and similar, refer to the position of normal use of the
injector 10, where theinjector 10 is oriented vertically, with theatomizer 26 at the bottom. - The
atomizer 26 has alongitudinal bore 40 closed at its bottom end. The upper end of thelongitudinal bore 40 is in flow connection with thechamber 16 through theshort duct 22 and thevalve seat 20. A plurality of nozzle bores 42', 42" is formed through thecylindrical body 28. The nozzle bores 42', 42" have respectiveinner openings 44', 44" facing into thelongitudinal bore 40 andouter openings 46', 46" open on the outer surface of theatomizer 26. - With reference to
figure 1 , aspindle 48 is displaceable into thevalve guide 12 along a direction coincident with the longitudinal axis A of thespindle 48. Thespindle 48 has acylindrical portion 50 which slidably engages the longitudinal guide bore 14 of thevalve guide 12. Thespindle 48 has aconical valve portion 52 which cooperates with theconical valve seat 20 of thevalve guide 12. - The
spindle 48 is controlled by an electric actuator (not shown) which moves the spindle between a closed position (shown infigure 1 ), a first open position and a second open position. - The
spindle 48 comprises a cut-offelement 54 which extends coaxially below thevalve portion 52 and into thelongitudinal bore 40 of theatomizer 26. The cut-offelement 54 is fixed to or integrally formed with the remaining part of thespindle 48. - The lower end of the cut-
off element 54 has acylindrical sealing portion 56 which engages with sealing contact acylindrical sealing surface 58 of thelongitudinal bore 40. The cut-offelement 54 has acentral duct 60 which is in flow connection throughtransverse holes 62 with anupper region 64 of thelongitudinal bore 40 located above thecylindrical sealing surface 58. Thecentral duct 60 is also in flow connection through a bottom opening 66 with alower region 70 of thelongitudinal bore 40 located below the lowercylindrical sealing surface 58. - In the
upper region 64 of thelongitudinal bore 40 anannular duct 71 is defined between an inner surface of thelongitudinal bore 40 and an outer surface of the cut-offelement 54. Thetransverse holes 62 of the cut-offelement 54 are in flow connection with theannular duct 71. -
Figures 2, 3 and 4 show the cut-off element in the positions corresponding, respectively, to the closed position, first open position and second open position of thespindle 48. - The
inner openings 44', 44" of the nozzle bores 42', 42" are aligned or substantially aligned to each other in a circumferential direction. The inner openings are divided in a first group 44' and asecond group 44". The first group includes at least one inner opening 44' positioned in ashallow recess 72 elongated in the longitudinal direction A and formed on thecylindrical sealing surface 58 of thelongitudinal bore 40. The or eachrecess 72 has a lower edge extending below the respective inner opening 44'. The inner openings of the second group are open on thecylindrical sealing surface 58. Whenmore recesses 72 are provided, the axial length ofsuch recesses 72 can be different, as shown infigures 2-4 . - In the closed position of
figure 2 the lower edge of thecylindrical sealing portion 56 of the cut-offelement 54 extends below the lower edges of therecesses 72. In this position thecylindrical sealing portion 56 of the cut-offelement 54 closes fluid communication between all theinner openings 44', 44" and thelower region 70 or theannular duct 71. - In the first open position of
figure 3 the lower edge of thecylindrical sealing portion 56 of the cut-offelement 54 extends across at least one of therecesses 72 and below the lower edges of theinner openings 44', 44". In this position there is fluid communication between thelower region 70 and the partially uncovered recesses 72. Fuel under pressure passes through thecentral duct 60 and is injected through the nozzle bores 42' which communicate with the partially uncovered recesses 72. - In the second open position of
figure 4 the lower edge of thecylindrical sealing portion 56 of the cut-offelement 54 extends above the upper edges of theinner openings 44', 44" . In this position all the nozzle bores 42 are in fluid communication with thelower region 70. All the nozzle bores 42', 42" are simultaneously supplied with pressurised fuel. - An injector not belonging to the present invention is shown in
figure 5 . The elements corresponding to the ones previously described are indicated by the same reference numbers. - Here at least two of the nozzle bores 42', 42" have respective
inner openings 44', 44" andouter openings 46', 46" spaced apart from each other in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis A. Theinner openings 44', 44" are formed on thecylindrical sealing surface 58 of theatomizer 26. Thecylindrical sealing portion 56 of the cut-off element has anannular groove 74 which separates from each other anupper sealing portion 76 and alower sealing portion 78 which cooperate in sealing contact with thecylindrical sealing surface 58 of thelongitudinal bore 40. - In the closed position shown in
figure 6 thelower sealing portion 78 is positioned below the lower inner opening 44' and the upper sealing portion is positioned at least partially above the upperinner opening 44" . In this position all the nozzle bores 42' 42" are closed. - In the first open position shown in
figure 7 thelower sealing portion 78 is positioned between the lower and upperinner openings 44',44" and the upper sealing portion is positioned at least partially above the upperinner opening 44" and in sealing contact with thecylindrical sealing surface 58. In this position fuel under pressure passes through thecentral duct 60 and is injected through the lower nozzle bores 42', which communicate with thelower region 70. - In the second open position shown in
figure 8 thelower sealing portion 78 is positioned between the lower and upperinner openings 44',44" and the upper sealing portion is positioned above thecylindrical sealing surface 58. Theannular groove 74 is position between the upperinner opening 44" and the upper edge of thecylindrical sealing surface 58. In this position fuel under pressure passes through thecentral duct 60 and is injected through the lower nozzle bores 42', which communicate with thelower region 70. Fuel under pressure also passes in theannular duct 71 and is injected through the upper nozzle bores 42" . - An alternative arrangement is shown in
figures 9, 10 and 11 . Also in this case there are provided at least two nozzle bores 42', 42" with respectiveinner openings 44', 44" andouter openings 46', 46" spaced apart from each other in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis A. The cut-offelement 54 has acylindrical sealing portion 56 which is in continuous sealing contact with thecylindrical sealing surface 58 of thelongitudinal bore 40 up to itslower edge 80. - In the closed position shown in
figure 9 thelower edge 80 of the cut-off element is positioned below the lower inner opening 44' and all the nozzle bore 42', 42" are closed. - In the first open position shown in
figure 10 thelower edge 80 is positioned between the lower and upperinner openings 44',44". In this position fuel under pressure passes through thecentral duct 60 and is injected through the lower nozzle bores 42', which communicate with thelower region 70. - In the second open position shown in
figure 11 thelower edge 80 is positioned above the upperinner openings 44" . In this position fuel under pressure passes through thecentral duct 60 and is injected through all the nozzle bores 42', 42" , which communicate with thelower region 70. - The solution according to the present invention allows to save fuel, to control injection rate and therefore to control the heat release in the combustion chamber, to reduce the NOx formation and to reduce the HC emissions.
- The solution described herein control directly the nozzle holes opening/closing and allow an easier control the injection cross-section (nozzle areas) depending on the load or intended injection rate / heat release.
- With nozzle bores in two or more lines, at low engine load the fuel will be injected through the holes in the first line, which contains at one or more injection holes. At higher loads the needle stroke has to be increased in a second (continuous) step to allow the injection also through the holes in the next (second) lines/stages. Through speed and step control of the needle stroke it is possible to control also the heat release at higher loads.
- The solution with nozzle hole substantially on one line allows also easier design and better needle guide in the sliding area. In this case one ore more injection holes are within a recess, which allows depending on the needle stroke to inject through the first holes. By further increasing the needle stroke it is possible to inject through all the bores. To have more flexibility, the recesses might be in different heights.
Claims (5)
- A fuel injector for internal combustion engines, comprising:- a valve guide (12) having a longitudinal guide bore (14) and a chamber (16) provided with a valve seat (20), said chamber (16) being connected to a fuel supply duct (18);- an atomizer (26) fixed at a lower end of said valve guide (12), the atomizer (26) having a longitudinal bore (40) in flow connection with said chamber (26) through said valve seat (20), the atomizer having a plurality of nozzle bores (42', 42") having inner openings (44', 44" ) facing into said longitudinal bore (40), said inner openings (44', 44") being divided into a first group (44') and a second group (44"); and- an axially movable spindle (48) having a valve portion (52) cooperating with said valve seat (20) and
a cut-off element (54) extending into said longitudinal bore (40) of the atomizer (26), the cut-off element (54) having a cylindrical sealing portion (56) in sealing contact with a cylindrical sealing surface (58) of said longitudinal bore (40) and a central duct (60) establishing a fluid connection between an upper region (64) and a lower region (70) of said longitudinal bore (40) located, respectively, above and below said cylindrical sealing surface (58); and wherein in said upper region (64) an annular duct (71) is defined between an inner surface of the longitudinal bore (40) and an outer surface of the cut-off element (54);
wherein the spindle is movable between a closed position, a first open position and a second open position, wherein in the closed position of the spindle (48) said cylindrical sealing surface (58) of said cut-off element (54) closes fluid communication between all said inner openings (44', 44") and said lower region (70) and said annular duct (71), wherein in said first open position said first group of inner opening (44') is in fluid communication with said lower region (70) and said cylindrical sealing portion (56) of said cut-off element (54)
closes fluid communication between said second group of inner openings (44") and said lower region (70) and said annular duct (71) , and wherein in said second open position said first group of inner openings (44') and said second group of inner openings (44") are in fluid communication with said lower region (70) and said annular duct (71) ,
characterized in that said inner openings (44', 44") are aligned or substantially aligned to each other in a circumferential direction and that said first group includes at least one inner opening (44') positioned in a shallow recess (72) elongated in the longitudinal direction (A) and formed on the cylindrical sealing surface (58) of the longitudinal bore (40), and
in that said recess (72) has a lower edge extending below the respective inner opening (44'). - A fuel injector according to claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises a plurality of recesses (72) having different axial length.
- A fuel injector according to claim 1, characterized in that in said closed position a lower edge of the cylindrical sealing portion (56) of the cut-off element (54) extends below the lower edge of said recess (72).
- A fuel injector according to claim 1, characterized in that in the first open position a lower edge of the cylindrical sealing portion (56) of the cut-off element (54) extends across said at least one recess (72) and below the lower edges of said inner openings (44', 44").
- A fuel injector according to claim 1, characterized in that in the second open position the lower edge of the cylindrical sealing portion (56) of the cut-off element (54) extends above the upper edges of the inner openings (44', 44").
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10162498A EP2386745B1 (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2010-05-11 | A fuel injector for internal combustion engines |
DK10162498.9T DK2386745T3 (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2010-05-11 | Fuel injection device for internal combustion engines |
JP2011042889A JP5932227B2 (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2011-02-28 | Fuel injector for internal combustion engines |
KR1020110026007A KR101822195B1 (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2011-03-23 | A fuel injector for internal combustion engines |
CN201110120946.8A CN102242684B (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2011-05-11 | The fuel injector of explosive motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10162498A EP2386745B1 (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2010-05-11 | A fuel injector for internal combustion engines |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2386745A1 EP2386745A1 (en) | 2011-11-16 |
EP2386745B1 true EP2386745B1 (en) | 2013-02-13 |
Family
ID=42735397
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10162498A Active EP2386745B1 (en) | 2010-05-11 | 2010-05-11 | A fuel injector for internal combustion engines |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2386745B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5932227B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101822195B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102242684B (en) |
DK (1) | DK2386745T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5955258B2 (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2016-07-20 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Fuel injection device and diesel engine |
KR101638815B1 (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-07-25 | 한빛정공(주) | Injection valve for 4 stroke engine |
DE102017122117A1 (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2019-03-28 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Injector for a dual-fuel engine and dual-fuel engine |
WO2023073140A1 (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2023-05-04 | Ganser Crs Ag | Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2948451A1 (en) * | 1979-12-01 | 1981-06-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Fuel injector for IC engine - has push rod upstream of valve determining cross=section of injection openings |
GB8817774D0 (en) * | 1988-07-26 | 1988-09-01 | Lucas Ind Plc | Fuel injectors for i c engines |
JPH0494426A (en) * | 1990-08-08 | 1992-03-26 | Zexel Corp | Load timer for distribution type fuel injection pump |
DE19755062A1 (en) * | 1997-12-11 | 1999-06-17 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engine |
DE19815918A1 (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 1999-10-21 | Man B & W Diesel As | Fuel injector |
EP1063416A3 (en) | 1999-06-25 | 2003-08-06 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Fuel injector |
DE19946906A1 (en) * | 1999-09-30 | 2001-04-05 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines |
JP2003106245A (en) * | 2001-09-27 | 2003-04-09 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fuel injection valve |
WO2008071187A1 (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2008-06-19 | Man Diesel A/S | A fuel injector for an internal combustion engine |
WO2008071188A1 (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2008-06-19 | Man Diesel, Filial Af Man Diesel Se, Tyskland | A fuel injector for an internal combustion engine |
-
2010
- 2010-05-11 DK DK10162498.9T patent/DK2386745T3/en active
- 2010-05-11 EP EP10162498A patent/EP2386745B1/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-02-28 JP JP2011042889A patent/JP5932227B2/en active Active
- 2011-03-23 KR KR1020110026007A patent/KR101822195B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-05-11 CN CN201110120946.8A patent/CN102242684B/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2386745A1 (en) | 2011-11-16 |
CN102242684A (en) | 2011-11-16 |
JP2011236887A (en) | 2011-11-24 |
JP5932227B2 (en) | 2016-06-08 |
KR101822195B1 (en) | 2018-03-08 |
KR20110124699A (en) | 2011-11-17 |
DK2386745T3 (en) | 2013-03-04 |
CN102242684B (en) | 2016-01-27 |
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