EP2384023A1 - Utilisation de haut-parleur en tant que capteur de vibrations - Google Patents

Utilisation de haut-parleur en tant que capteur de vibrations Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2384023A1
EP2384023A1 EP10161313A EP10161313A EP2384023A1 EP 2384023 A1 EP2384023 A1 EP 2384023A1 EP 10161313 A EP10161313 A EP 10161313A EP 10161313 A EP10161313 A EP 10161313A EP 2384023 A1 EP2384023 A1 EP 2384023A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
terminal
noise
operational mode
loudspeakers
signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10161313A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Temujin Gautama
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NXP BV
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NXP BV
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NXP BV filed Critical NXP BV
Priority to EP10161313A priority Critical patent/EP2384023A1/fr
Publication of EP2384023A1 publication Critical patent/EP2384023A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2410/00—Microphones
    • H04R2410/05—Noise reduction with a separate noise microphone
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/13—Acoustic transducers and sound field adaptation in vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a communication system having a first operational mode and a second operational mode, at least one of which is used for communication purposes, and to an electronic device comprising such communication system, such as a mobile phone and a hands-free kit.
  • a microphone that is part of a hands-free voice communications system generally registers a lot of undesired noise.
  • This noise consists of acoustic echo (linear and nonlinear), ambient noise, and possibly signals that originate from mechanical vibrations. Examples of these mechanical vibrations occur in car hands-free voice communications systems, where the vibrations of the car (engine and road noise) cause interferences on the microphone.
  • the acoustic echo on the microphone is nonlinear due to loudspeaker nonlinearities and mechanical vibrations of the housing.
  • the microphone signal can be disturbed by interferences originating from handling the mobile phone (contact and/or cable noise).
  • EP 1,879,180 B1 discloses a method for processing an audio signal, comprising detecting an acoustic signal by at least one microphone to obtain a microphone signal; detecting structure-borne noise by means of at least one acoustic emission sensor to obtain a noise reference signal; and noise compensating the digitized microphone signal on the basis of the at least one noise reference signal to obtain a noise compensated signal. It further discloses a hands-free set comprising at least one microphone configured to generate a microphone signal; at least one acoustic emission sensor configured to generate a noise reference signal; a noise compensation filtering means configured to filter the digitized microphone signal on the basis of the noise reference signal to obtain a noise compensated signal.
  • US 5,917,921 discloses a noise-reducing microphone apparatus having an adaptive noise canceller which has a primary input and a reference input and in which the reference input is subtracted from the primary input through an adaptive filter.
  • the adaptive filter is adaptively controlled by an output signal resulted from the subtraction.
  • the apparatus includes a pair of microphone units disposed in proximate locations; and subtracting means for performing subtraction of outputs from the pair of microphone units. An output from one of the microphone units is supplied as the primary input of the adaptive noise canceller. A differential output from the subtracting means is supplied as the reference input of the adaptive noise canceller.
  • A1 vibration-dependent noise reduction is achieved by the use of a microphone to pick up an audio signal and a vibration sensor.
  • the microphone apparatus has one or more microphones, one or more sensors, noise extraction means for extracting the noise bandwidth section from the output signal of the sensor, an adaptive filter coordinated with the microphone for receiving the output signal of the noise extraction means as the reference input signal, and an adder for subtracting the output signal of the adaptive filter from the output signal of the microphone.
  • the vibration detection directions of the microphone and the sensor match.
  • the output polarities of the vibration signal match too.
  • a problem of the known systems is that they are relatively complex because of the additional sensors for sensing the background noise.
  • the invention in a first aspect, in accordance with the first object, relates to a communication system having a first operational mode and a second operational mode, at least one of which is used for communication purposes, at least one of which is used for communication purposes.
  • the system comprises:
  • the communication system is configured such that it has two operational modes, for instance, the system constitutes a mobile phone with a hands-free mode (first operational mode) and a normal mode (second operational mode) and another example is a car hands-free kit with a sound-reproduction mode (the first operational mode, wherein all speakers are used for sound reproduction) and communication-mode (second operational mode, wherein one speaker is used as noise sensor).
  • first operational mode a hands-free mode
  • second operational mode a car hands-free kit with a sound-reproduction mode
  • communication-mode second operational mode, wherein one speaker is used as noise sensor
  • the invention can be explained as follows (for the mobile application a similar reasoning can be given).
  • the normal mode the incoming signal is converted into sound through the plurality of loudspeakers.
  • the hands-free communication mode is the second operational mode.
  • the first terminal is configured for receiving an acoustic signal which may be obtained using a microphone for example. This acoustic signal is to be transmitted as outgoing communication.
  • the communication system is further provided with a noise-cancellation unit which is at least coupled to the first terminal and to a second terminal, wherein the second terminal is configured for receiving a noise reference signal.
  • the noise-cancellation unit is configured for generating an enhanced acoustic signal for the outgoing communication using the noise reference signal.
  • the invention relies on the inventive thought to (re)use the first selective one of the plurality of loudspeakers to sense back-ground noise to obtain the noise reference signal. This is in huge contrast with the prior art solutions where additional noise sensors are provided to generate such reference signal.
  • the integration of additional noise sensors is cumbersome and rendered superfluous by the invention, i.e. the communication system of the invention is less complex.
  • noise cancellation unit any unit which is designed for improving the signal to noise ratio of a signal (reduce the unwanted component, i.e. noise), and particularly an acoustic signal.
  • An embodiment of the communication system in accordance with the invention further comprises a switching circuit being coupled to the incoming signal terminal, the first selective one of the plurality of loudspeakers, and to the second terminal, wherein the switching circuit is configured for coupling the first respective one of the plurality of loudspeakers to the incoming signal terminal in the first operational mode, and for coupling the first respective one of the plurality of loudspeakers to the second terminal in the second operational mode.
  • the switching circuit may, optionally, also be configured for disconnecting the microphone in the first operational mode.
  • the switching circuit advantageously provides a means to let the communication system switch between said operational modes.
  • the first respective one of the plurality of speakers is configured for producing the sound corresponding with the incoming signal in the first operational mode. Further, the first respective one of the plurality of speakers is configured for sensing back-ground noise to obtain the noise reference signal in the second operational mode.
  • the incoming signal terminal is further coupled to at least a second one of the plurality of loudspeakers for producing the sound at least in the first operational mode.
  • the switching circuit is further configured for coupling the second respective one of the plurality of loudspeakers to the incoming signal terminal in the second operational mode, and for coupling the second respective one of the plurality of loudspeakers to the second terminal in the first operational mode.
  • An embodiment of the communication system in accordance with the invention further comprises a control unit for controlling the switching circuit in accordance with said operational modes.
  • An embodiment of the communication system in accordance with the invention further comprises a microphone coupled to the first terminal for generating the acoustic signal in at least one operational mode.
  • the noise-cancellation unit is provided with a third terminal for receiving the incoming signal, wherein the noise-cancellation unit is configured for further reducing the noise level of the acoustic signal using the incoming signal.
  • the noise-cancellation unit is configured for further reducing the noise level of the acoustic signal using the incoming signal.
  • the first operational mode is a hand-held mode
  • the second operational mode is a hands-free mode.
  • the invention is particularly useful in systems having a normal-mode, here being referred to as a hand-set mode, and a hands-free mode, where the microphone is typically far away from the speaker and thus easily picking undesired environmental sound.
  • the invention in a second aspect, in accordance with the second object, relates to an electronic device comprising the communications system of the invention.
  • electronic devices are a mobile phone and a hands-free kit for a car. Both devices typically have hands-free modes which may benefit from the invention.
  • the outgoing communication (e.g. speech) from a first individual is incoming communication for a second individual, and the incoming communication from the first individual is outgoing communication (e.g. speech) for the second individual.
  • the outgoing communication e.g. speech
  • the speech of the other individual needs to be converted into sound through sound generation means, such as loudspeakers.
  • the speech of the specific one of the individuals needs to be converted into a signal to be transmitted by means of a sound sensor, such as a microphone.
  • signal should be interpreted broadly so as to include both signals in the analog domain as well as signals in the digital domain, unless explicitly mentioned otherwise in the description.
  • oudspeaker should be interpreted broadly so as to include any device which converts a signal into sound waves that can be heard by the human ear.
  • microphone should be interpreted broadly so as to include any device which converts sound waves into signals that can be heard processed and subsequently transmitted.
  • noise should be interpreted broadly so as to include any undesired interference that is present in a signal, which also includes echos.
  • loudspeakers In a car hands-free communications system, there are often multiple (built-in) loudspeakers connected to the system, not all of which are necessary for voice communication. Since all loudspeakers are built-in, they are mechanically coupled to the chassis of the vehicle, and are therefore, subject to the same mechanical vibrations as the chassis (originating from engine and/or road noise). In many types of mobile phones that have hands-free (speakerphone) capabilities, there are two loudspeakers, one for the hands-free (speakerphone) mode, and the other one for hand-set (normal) mode. Both loudspeakers are mechanically coupled to the same casing as the microphone(s), and therefore, are subject to the same mechanical vibrations.
  • the advantage of the proposed invention is to have the benefits of a vibration sensor for acoustic echo cancellation and/or noise suppression, without having to actually integrate such a vibration sensor into the system, but to use hardware (a loudspeaker) that is already available in many cases.
  • Fig. 1 shows a communication system in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the system constitutes part of a car communication system, such as a hands-free car-kit.
  • Car audio systems typically consist of multiple speakers (for example one in each door) and in this example four.
  • This embodiment of the invention takes advantage of such multiple-speaker system which is present in most cars.
  • the car communication system is configured for two operational modes, namely a first (normal) operational mode, wherein all loudspeakers are used for producing sound from a signal, such as a radio signal or a navigation voice signal, and a second operational mode for voice communication. In the second operational mode (e.g.
  • the system of Fig. 1 comprises an incoming signal terminal IN for receiving incoming signal Rx.
  • the incoming signal is received in a digital format (but this is not essential to the invention) and subsequently converted into an analog signal by a digital-to-analog converter DAC.
  • the analog signal is further amplified by an amplifier AMP and converted into sound by a plurality of loudspeakers LSP1, LSP2, LSP3.
  • LSP1, LSP2, LSP3 Even though only one line with one digital-to-analog converter DAC, one amplifier AMP and one loudspeaker has been drawn this can be a plurality of lines, with a plurality of corresponding converters and corresponding amplifiers. Alternatively, the amplifiers may optionally be merged into one circuit. The same is true for the converters.
  • Fig. 1 merely serves to illustrate that there is at least one of the plurality of loudspeakers which has a second function in the invention in addition to the loudspeaker function.
  • the line to this at least one loudspeaker is provided with a switching circuit SW.
  • the fourth loudspeaker LSP4 is coupled to the incoming signal terminal IN through a further digital-to-analog converter DAC, a further amplifier AMP, and the switching circuit SW as illustrated in Fig. 1 .
  • the fourth loudspeaker LSP4 is coupled to a reference input terminal T2 of a noise-cancellation unit AEC/NS (via a further amplifier AMP and an analog-to-digital converter ADC.
  • the fourth loudspeaker acts as a noise-sensor SNSR for sensing environmental sound (noise).
  • a voltage or a current is applied to the voice coil, resulting in a displacement of the loudspeaker diaphragm, x(t) .
  • a displacement of the diaphragm, resulting from mechanical vibrations that generate noise on the microphone results in a voltage signal, v(t) , across the loudspeaker voice coil that is related to the mechanical vibrations.
  • the noise sensor LSP4, SNSR converts the environment sound (noise) into a signal.
  • the further amplifier AMP amplifies the signal and the analog-to-digital ADC converter converts the signal into a digital noise-reference signal NR.
  • Noise-reduction is carried out by the noise-cancellation unit AEC/NS and typically carried out for the outgoing communication, i.e. the voice of the driver that is to be transmitted to the recipient. Obviously, a similar system can be used at the recipient's side. In the field the noise-reduction is typically carried out in the digital domain, but this is not essential to the invention.
  • the noise-cancellation unit AEC/NS further comprises a first terminal T1 for receiving an acoustic signal ACS, which is generated by a microphone MPHN (wherein the microphone signal is amplified by an amplifier AMP and converted into the digital domain with a further analog-to-digital converter ADC).
  • the noise-cancellation unit is configured for reducing the noise level of the acoustic signal ACS in order to obtain an enhanced acoustic signal for the outgoing communication.
  • the noise-cancellation unit AEC/NS is provided with a third terminal T3 which receives the incoming signal for serving as a further noise-reference signal.
  • the incoming signal is typically converted into sound this sound may be received by the microphone (MPHN) and result in an additional undesired signal component, i.e. noise.
  • MPHN microphone
  • Using the incoming signal as further noise reference input enables to further reduce the noise.
  • the switching circuit SW is controlled by a control signal S1 which is generated by a control circuit (not shown).
  • the communication system of Fig. 1 operates as follows.
  • each loudspeaker is connected to a corresponding amplifier AMP, which receives its input from a corresponding digital-to-analog converter DAC.
  • the fourth loudspeaker LSP4 is disconnected from the noise reference input of the noise-cancellation unit AEC/NS.
  • the first operational mode may be used for sound reproduction purposes, and disconnecting the microphone in this mode may therefore be beneficial.
  • the microphone MPHN is disconnected from the amplifier (or the amplifier may be switched off) by the switching circuit SW. Alternatively, such disconnection may be implemented via a further switching circuit. Such switching circuit has been left out to render the figure clearer.
  • the switching circuit SW is set to the lower position, due to which the fourth loudspeaker/sensor LSP4/SNSR functions as a sensor, i.e. not for sound reproduction, but for sound capture.
  • the signal of the sensor SNSR is sent to an amplifier AMP and analog-to-digital converter ADC, and this signal functions as additional input to the processing in the noise-cancellation unit AEC/NS.
  • the signal can be used as a noise reference signal, or it can be used to derive a noise reference signal.
  • the additional elements of the proposed embodiment of the invention are represented in the dashed rectangle.
  • Fig. 2 shows a communication system in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the system constitutes a part of a mobile phone.
  • the proposed system can be built if there are multiple (not necessarily identical) loudspeakers available in such mobile phone, such as is the case in mobile phones with speakerphone capabilities with separate loudspeakers for the normal (handset) and speakerphone mode.
  • This embodiment will be discussed in as far as it differs from Fig. 1 .
  • the system comprises typically two loudspeakers LSP1, LSP4.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 2 provides for a toggling feature between both loudspeakers. In the first operational mode the first loudspeaker LSP4 is used for sound reproduction, whereas the second loudspeaker LSP1 is used as a noise-sensor. In the second operational mode, the roles of both loudspeakers are exchanged.
  • the switching circuit SW' is slightly different from the switching circuit SW illustrated in Fig. 1
  • the system of Fig. 2 operates as follows.
  • the switching circuit SW' In the first operational mode the switching circuit SW' is set to position 1 (upper position).
  • the first loudspeaker LSP4 is coupled to the incoming signal line and the second loudspeaker LSP1 is coupled to the noise-cancellation unit AEC/NS and acts as a noise sensor.
  • the switching circuit SW' In the second operational mode the switching circuit SW' is set to position 2 (lower position).
  • the second loudspeaker LSP1 is coupled to the incoming signal line and the first loudspeaker LSP4 is coupled to the noise-cancellation unit AEC/NS and acts as a noise sensor.
  • the switching circuit functionality may also be incorporated into the amplifiers for example, i.e. the corresponding amplifier AMP is switched off.
  • the additional elements of the proposed invention are encircled by a dashed line.
  • the method for acoustic echo-cancellation and noise suppression as such is not part of the invention. It may be performed on a DSP and it may be based on temporal and/or spectral, fixed or adaptive processing.
  • the microphone signal on which the processing is performed can be a combination obtained from several microphones (by means of, e.g., beamforming).
  • the invention provides a communication system having a first operational mode and a second operational mode.
  • the system comprises: i) an incoming signal terminal IN for receiving an incoming signal Rx that is representative for incoming communication or sound that needs to be reproduced by the system; ii) a first terminal T1 for receiving an acoustic signal ACS; iii) a second terminal T2 for receiving a noise reference signal NR in the second operational mode; iv) a noise-cancellation unit AEC/NS coupled to the first terminal T1 and the second terminal T2 for reducing a noise level of the acoustic signal ACS to obtain an enhanced acoustic signal for outgoing communication Tx, and v) a plurality of loudspeakers LSP1, LSP2, LSP3, LSP4, wherein at least part of the plurality of loudspeakers is coupled to the incoming signal terminal IN for producing sound that is representative for the incoming signal Rx.
  • the communication system is further configured for i) producing the sound with a first respective one LSP4 of the plurality of loudspeakers in the first operational mode, the communication system being further configured for ii) sensing back-ground noise with the first respective one LSP4 of the plurality of loudspeakers in the second operational mode to obtain the noise reference signal NR that is coupled to the second terminal T2.
  • the advantage of the proposed invention is to have the benefits of a vibration sensor for acoustic echo cancellation and/or noise suppression, without having to actually integrate such a vibration sensor into the system, but to use hardware (a loudspeaker) that is already available in many cases.
  • the invention may be applied in various application areas.
  • the invention may be applied in a number of applications of voice communications:

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)
EP10161313A 2010-04-28 2010-04-28 Utilisation de haut-parleur en tant que capteur de vibrations Withdrawn EP2384023A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10161313A EP2384023A1 (fr) 2010-04-28 2010-04-28 Utilisation de haut-parleur en tant que capteur de vibrations

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EP10161313A EP2384023A1 (fr) 2010-04-28 2010-04-28 Utilisation de haut-parleur en tant que capteur de vibrations

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20140363008A1 (en) * 2013-06-05 2014-12-11 DSP Group Use of vibration sensor in acoustic echo cancellation
CN104254041A (zh) * 2013-06-27 2014-12-31 Dsp集团有限公司 近端收听清晰度增强中的改进
WO2019007700A1 (fr) 2017-07-07 2019-01-10 Tenneco Gmbh Système de réduction de bruit
DE102017115271A1 (de) 2017-07-07 2019-01-10 Tenneco Gmbh Rauschunterdrückungssystem
CN110351623A (zh) * 2013-05-02 2019-10-18 布佳通有限公司 耳机有源噪声控制
US10891933B2 (en) 2018-10-01 2021-01-12 Nxp B.V. Audio processing system
CN112929788A (zh) * 2014-09-30 2021-06-08 苹果公司 确定扬声器位置变化的方法

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WO1994011953A2 (fr) * 1992-11-11 1994-05-26 Noise Buster Technology Systeme d'elimination active du bruit
DE4303921A1 (de) * 1993-02-10 1994-08-11 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Verfahren zur Messung eines Differenzschalls durch Subtraktion eines über einen Lautsprecher gerade abgegebenen Schalls von einem Gesamtschall
EP0898441A2 (fr) * 1997-08-16 1999-02-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé d'entrée de signaux acoustiques dans un appareil électrique et appareil électrique
US5917921A (en) 1991-12-06 1999-06-29 Sony Corporation Noise reducing microphone apparatus
WO2004091254A2 (fr) * 2003-04-08 2004-10-21 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Methode et appareil pour reduire la fraction de signaux d'interference dans les signaux d'un microphone
US20050063553A1 (en) 2003-08-01 2005-03-24 Kazuhiko Ozawa Microphone apparatus, noise reduction method and recording apparatus
EP1879180B1 (fr) 2006-07-10 2009-05-06 Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH Réduction de bruit de fond dans systèmes mains libres

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US5917921A (en) 1991-12-06 1999-06-29 Sony Corporation Noise reducing microphone apparatus
WO1994011953A2 (fr) * 1992-11-11 1994-05-26 Noise Buster Technology Systeme d'elimination active du bruit
DE4303921A1 (de) * 1993-02-10 1994-08-11 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Verfahren zur Messung eines Differenzschalls durch Subtraktion eines über einen Lautsprecher gerade abgegebenen Schalls von einem Gesamtschall
EP0898441A2 (fr) * 1997-08-16 1999-02-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé d'entrée de signaux acoustiques dans un appareil électrique et appareil électrique
WO2004091254A2 (fr) * 2003-04-08 2004-10-21 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards Gmbh Methode et appareil pour reduire la fraction de signaux d'interference dans les signaux d'un microphone
US20050063553A1 (en) 2003-08-01 2005-03-24 Kazuhiko Ozawa Microphone apparatus, noise reduction method and recording apparatus
EP1879180B1 (fr) 2006-07-10 2009-05-06 Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH Réduction de bruit de fond dans systèmes mains libres

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
S.F. BOLL: "Suppression of acoustic noise in speech using spectral subtraction", IEEE TRANS. ON ASSP, ASSP, vol. 27, no. 2, 1979, pages 113 - 120

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110351623A (zh) * 2013-05-02 2019-10-18 布佳通有限公司 耳机有源噪声控制
US20140363008A1 (en) * 2013-06-05 2014-12-11 DSP Group Use of vibration sensor in acoustic echo cancellation
CN104254041A (zh) * 2013-06-27 2014-12-31 Dsp集团有限公司 近端收听清晰度增强中的改进
CN104254041B (zh) * 2013-06-27 2020-07-10 Dsp集团有限公司 近端收听清晰度增强中的改进
CN112929788A (zh) * 2014-09-30 2021-06-08 苹果公司 确定扬声器位置变化的方法
WO2019007700A1 (fr) 2017-07-07 2019-01-10 Tenneco Gmbh Système de réduction de bruit
DE102017115271A1 (de) 2017-07-07 2019-01-10 Tenneco Gmbh Rauschunterdrückungssystem
DE102017115271B4 (de) 2017-07-07 2019-04-18 Tenneco Gmbh Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Kraftfahrzeuggeräusch-Unterdrückungssystems
US10891933B2 (en) 2018-10-01 2021-01-12 Nxp B.V. Audio processing system

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