EP2381804A1

EP2381804A1 - Tobacco filter

Info

Publication number: EP2381804A1
Application number: EP10702410A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Roland Kalb
Original assignee: VTU Holding GmbH
Current assignee: VTU Holding GmbH
Priority date: 2009-01-12
Filing date: 2010-01-08
Publication date: 2011-11-02
Also published as: BRPI1006118A2; WO2010079141A1; CN102333462A; US20120037174A1; RU2011133754A; JP2012514974A; KR20110105386A

Abstract

The invention relates to a tobacco filter, which comprises a carrier material, which comprises an immobilized ionic fluid. The term "tobacco filter" may refer in particular to all types of filters that are suitable for removing harmful substances, particles, gases, or the like from tobacco smoke. In particular, the tobacco filter may be suitable for forming cigarette, cigarillo, and pipe filters.

Description

Tobacco Filter

description

The invention relates to a tobacco product filter, in particular a

Tobacco product filter, which has ionic liquids. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for the reduction of pollutants in tobacco smoke.

Field of the invention

A cigarette filter is intended to reduce the amount of harmful substances such as condensate, the so-called tar and gases in the smoke of the cigarette. In addition, the filter makes the smoke a bit milder, which is why some smokers remove or shorten it for a more intense taste. In a classic filter cigarette, the filter is wrapped in a cork-colored mouthpiece to prevent the filter's brown color from becoming visible. Nowadays, most manufactured cigarettes are provided with a filter. You can buy home-makers in the tobacco trade. The basic material for the production of

Cigarette filters are mostly cellulose, which is obtained from wood. The cellulose is converted into cellulose acetate in a complex chemical process. Subsequently, the acetate flakes are dissolved in acetone and spun out of a spinning solution to long threads. The diameter of the fibers is 30 to 50 microns. Very many threads are merged into an endless band. To form the filter, the fibers are selectively glued, for example by means of triacetin, to obtain the gas permeability. Such a filter can retain particles up to a diameter of about 0.2 microns. About 40% to 70% of the particles and up to 80% of the phenols of the tobacco smoke are retained. Additional activated carbon filters retain up to 85% of the gas phase components. Brief description of the invention

However, there may be a need for an alternative tobacco product filter which may have an improved filtering effect.

This need is met by the tobacco product filter, the method for removing pollutants from tobacco product smoke and by the use of a tobacco product filter according to the independent claims. Further exemplary embodiments are described in the dependent claims.

According to an exemplary aspect of the invention, there is provided a tobacco article filter comprising a substrate having an immobilized ionic liquid. The term "tobacco product filter" may in particular be understood to mean all types of filters which are suitable for removing all or part of harmful substances, particles, gases or the like from tobacco smoke. In particular, the tobacco product filter may be suitable for forming cigarette, cigarillos and pipe filters. It should also be noted that the term "tobacco" is to be interpreted broadly and includes all smokable substances.

According to an exemplary aspect, there is provided a method of removing pollutants from tobacco smoke, the method comprising providing a tobacco product filter according to an exemplary aspect of the invention and passing tobacco product smoke through the tobacco product filter.

In particular, the pollutants may be physically removed from the tobacco smoke by means of the ionic liquid or be extracted. Such physical extraction may in particular be distinguished from a chemical extraction in which the pollutants are chemically bound to, for example, the cation of an ionic liquid or a crystal structure, for example a zeolite.

In an exemplary aspect, use of a filter comprising a carrier material with an immobilized ionic liquid to remove contaminants from tobacco product smoke is provided.

The term "immobilizing" may in this case be understood in particular to be an attachment to a carrier structure or a carrier material. Such an addition may in particular be distinguished from incorporation in the construction of a crystal structure. Such solid incorporation, e.g. as a cation of a zeolite is usually carried out by means of ionic bonds, while an addition by other forces, e.g. van der Waals ties, is possible. Overall, therefore, immobilization in the sense of the application may not be understood to be a solid incorporation into a crystal structure.

Ionic liquids are - in the sense of recognized literature (eg Wasserscheid, Peter, Welton, Tom (Eds.), "Ionic Liquids in Synthesis", published by Wiley-VCH 2003, ISBN 3-527-30515-7, Rogers, Robin D. ; Seddon, Kenneth R. (Eds.); "Ionic Liquids - Industrial Applications to Green Chemistry", ACS Symposium Series 818, 2002; ISBN 0841237891 ") - liquid organic salts or salt mixtures consisting of organic cations and organic or inorganic anions Melting points of below 100 ⁰ C. In these salts may be additionally dissolved inorganic salts and further molecular Excipients. For the purposes of this application, we see the arbitrarily fixed at 100 ⁰ C limit of the melting point of ionic liquids in a broader sense and thus also include those molten salts, which have a melting point of about 100 ⁰ C, but below 200 ^0C. Otherwise, they do not differ in their properties.

Ionic liquids have very interesting properties, such as a very low to almost non-measurable vapor pressure, a very large liquidus range, good electrical conductivity and unusual solvation properties. These properties predestine them for use in various areas of technical applications. For example, they can be used as solvents (in organic and inorganic synthesis in general, in transition metal catalysis, biocatalysis, phase transfer catalysis, in multiphase reactions, in the

Photochemistry, in polymer synthesis and nanotechnology), as extractants (in liquid-liquid and liquid-gaseous extraction in general, desulphurisation of crude oil, removal of heavy metals from wastewater, liquid membrane extraction), as electrolytes (in batteries .

Fuel cells, capacitors, solar cells, sensors, electrochromics, electroplating, electrochemical metalworking, electrochemical synthesis in general, electro-organic synthesis, nanotechnology), as lubricants, as thermal fluids, as gels, as reagents for organic synthesis , in the "Green Chemistry" (Substitute for Volatile Organic Compounds), as antistatic agents, in special applications of analytics (gas chromatography, mass spectroscopy, capillary zone electrophoresis), as liquid crystals, etc. (incomplete enumeration) are used "Rogers, Robin D .; Seddon, Kenneth R. (Eds.); Ionic Liquids - Industrial Applications to Green Chemistry, ACS Symposium Series 818, 2002; ISBN 0841237891 "and" Wasserscheid, Peter; Welton, Tom (Eds.); Ionic Liquids in Synthesis, published by Wiley-VCH 2003; ISBN 3527305157 ").

Furthermore, ionic liquids have excellent properties as solvents or extraction agents for polymers, biopolymers (eg cellulose, chitin), biomass (eg wood, ie cellulose + lignin, ie a polyphenol, proteins), metals in eg aqueous solution, gases such as CO ₂ , NO _x , polar organic compounds such as alcohols, carboxylic acids, ethers, esters, ketones and amines, aromatic hydrocarbons, etc. show. See eg WO2003029329, "Ionic liquids for aromatic extraction: are they ready?"; Anjan, Sachin; Chemical Engineering Progress (2006), 102 (12), 30-39, Chitin and chitosan dissolved in ionic liquids as reversible sorbents of CO _2. "Xie, Haibo, Zhang, Suobo, Li, Shenghai, Green Chemistry (2006), 8 (7), 630-633, Wood liquefaction by ionic liquids. ", Honglu, Xie; Tiejun, ShL; Holzforschung (2006), 60 (5), 509-512 and Ionic liquids as extraction solvents: where do we stand? ", Dietz, Mark L., Separation Science and Technology (2006), 41 (10), 2047-2063.

The optimization of the properties of ionic liquids for the respective application within wide limits by a variation of the structure of anion and cation or a variation of their combination done what the ionic liquids Incidentally, the term "designer solvent" (see, for example, Freemantle, M Chem. Eng. News, 78, 2000, 37). Through these properties of ionic liquids, it may be possible to provide a filter for tobacco products which is effective for effectively removing or at least reducing harmful, often carcinogenic, tobacco smoke ingredients. In particular, such a filter may be suitable for removing or at least reducing one or a plurality of the ingredients listed below from the tobacco smoke. These include in particular: o Nicotine; tar and tarry condensates; o carbon monoxide, hydrocyanic acid, nitrogen oxides, ammonia; o hydrazine, coumarin, nitropropane, urethane, vinyl chloride; o aldehydes such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein,

crotonaldehyde; o acids such as e.g. Acetic acid, formic acid; o anhydrides, e.g. Maleic anhydride, 2,3-

Dimethylmaleic anhydride, succinic anhydride; o ketones such as e.g. Acetone; o Alcohol such as e.g. Methanol, propanol; Aromatic and heteroaromatic hydrocarbons, e.g.

Acridine, anthracene, benzimidazole, benzisoxazole, benzo [c] thiophene,

Benzofuran, benzene, benzothiazole, benzothiophene, benzoxazole,

Quinazoline, quinoline, quinoxaline, cinnoline, furan, imidazole, indazole,

Indole, isobenzofuran, isoquinoline, isoindole, isoxazole, naphthalene, oxazole, purine, pyrazine, pyrazole, pyridazine, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrrole,

Thiazole, thiophene; phenols and quinones, e.g. Phenol, hydroquinone, pyrocatechol, 3-

Cresol, 3- and 4-cresol, 3- and 4-methylcatechol; o Aromatic amines such as aniline, pyridine, 3-methylpyridine, 4-naphthylamine, 4-aminobiphenyl, o-toluidine; o polycyclic aromatic compounds (PHA) such as anthanthrene, anthracene, benz [a] anthracene, benzo [6] fluoranthrene, benzo [a] fluorene, benzo [6] fluorene, benzo [gΛ /] perylene, benzo [c] phenanthrene, benzo [a] pyrene, benzo [e] pyrene, chrysene, dibenz [a, / 7janthracene, dibenz [aj] anthracene, fluoranthrene, indeno [l, 2,3-cd] pyrene, 1-

Methyl, 2-methyl, 3-methyl, perylene, phenanthrene, pyrene, triphenylene; o polycyclic heteroaromatics such as dibenz [a, / 7] acridine, Carbazole, 7W-dibenzo [c, g] carbazole, 2-amino-3-methylimidazo ^ S - ^ - quinoline [IQ]; Nitrosamines (TSNA, N-nitroso compounds) such as. N-nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosomethylethylamine, N-nitrosodiethylamine, N-nitrosodipropylamine, N-nitrosodibutylamine, N'-nitroso-nortnicotin, N-nitrosodiethanolamine, 1-nitrosopyrrolidine and 1-nitrosopiperidine, N-nitrosonornicotin, 4- (methylnitrosamino ) -l- (3-pyridyl) -1-butanone, N'-nitrosoanatabine, N'-nitrosoanabasine; o metals, in particular heavy metals, in whatever form (eg as steam, ionic, particles, organically bound), such as, for example, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Ag, Cd, Hg, Pb, As, Sb, Bi, Se, Te, Ra, Th, Po; o Mechanically acting particles such as carbon black, fibers (eg from conventional cellulose acetate filters), in particular those with diameters and / or lengths in the μm to the nm range.

Embodiments of the tobacco product filter will be described below. However, the features of the embodiments also apply to the method of removing pollutants from tobacco smoke and the use of filters.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the tobacco product filter, the carrier material has a large inner surface. Under a big one Inner surface may be understood in particular that the inner surface is very large compared to the outer surface. For example, the inner surface may be larger than the outer surface by a factor of more than 1000.

Such a large inner surface may in particular assist or improve the filter effect of the tobacco product filter. Under an inner surface in particular the totality of all surfaces contained in, for example, porous or granular solids, including those which are between the individual grains or by the

Give pore edges. As a suitable measure of the inner surface, the specific surface may be considered. A suitable inner surface or suitable specific surface may be defined by the fact that a sufficient filtering effect, which may be defined by means of a predetermined criterion, is achievable. Such a definable criterion may be, for example, that at least 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or more of the pollutants to be filtered out are filtered out. In particular, the specific surface area of the support material may range from about 1 m ² / g to about 2000 m ² / g.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the tobacco product filter, the carrier material has a structure selected from the group consisting of porous structures, spongy structures, fibrous structures, powdery structures, granular structures, membrane-like structures, and sheet-like structures. In particular, the fibrous structures may be in the form of a fabric, which may be woven, spun, felted or knitted, for example. For example, the powdery structures may or may be sintered. In particular, like the membranous and / or the sheet-like structures are folded.

In particular, the carrier material may have a structure which corresponds to a mixture of a plurality of said structures. For example, a granular structure may be incorporated in a fibrous structure or membrane-like structure. In particular, all structures may be suitable which have a sufficient permeability for tobacco smoke in the case of a large inner surface. For this purpose, for example, a foil-like and / or membrane-like structure may be formed as a support structure or external structure into which a granulated and / or fibrous structure is then introduced.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the tobacco product filter, the carrier material comprises at least one material selected from the group consisting of activated carbon, charcoal, stone, in particular limestone, coral break or pumice, zeolite, silica gel, ceramics, silica gel, diatomaceous earth, alumina, plastic, in particular polyethylene, glass fibers, mineral wool, paper, cellulose, cellulose acetate and meerschaum. In particular, the support material may comprise a mixture of a plurality of said materials. As these materials may be materials which are suitable for a carrier material and which can immobilize an ionic liquid. In particular, these materials may also be suitable for forming a support structure that provides a large interior surface.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the tobacco product filter, the ionic liquid has a melting point of less than 200 ° C. In particular, the ionic liquid may have a melting point of below 100 ° C. According to an exemplary embodiment of the tobacco product filter, the ionic liquid corresponds to the general formula ([A] ⁺ ) _a [B] ^{a ",} but here the salts may be tetramethylammonium bromide, tetraethylammonium bromide, tetrapropylammonium bromide and

Tetrabuthylammoniumbromid be excluded as ionic liquids. Also, anionic sulfites may be excluded.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the tobacco product filter, [A] ^{+ represents} a toxicologically acceptable cation which is selected, in particular, from the group consisting of the following cations: cations with short alkyl side chains, cations with polar functional groups in the side chains, and natural cations , In particular, examples of short alkyl side chain cations may be those having one to eight carbon atoms (C 1 to C ₈ ) and preferably one to four carbon atoms (C 1 to C ₄ ). Examples of polar, functional groups in the side chains may be alcohol, ether, ester, ketone or cyano groups. Examples of cations which occur in nature are, for example, cholinium HOCH ₂ CH ₂ N ⁺ (CH ₃ ) ₃ , acetylcholinium H ₃ C-CO-CH ₂ CH ₂ N ⁺ (CH ₃ ) B,

Anthocyanidinium (cations of the naturally occurring anthocyanidins = anthocyanins aglycones) as well as any non-toxic, protonated or alkylated natural nitrogen bases (e.g., alkaloids).

According to an exemplary embodiment of the tobacco product filter, [B] ^{a "represents} a toxicologically acceptable anion, in particular a natural anion, In particular, a toxicologically acceptable anion may be selected from the group consisting of anions derived from fruit acids, sugar acids, amino acids, Fatty acids, volatile acids and resin acids derived or which are conjugated to these acids. Examples of fruit acids may be, in particular, oxalic acids, benzoic acids, salicylic acids, citric acids, tartaric acids, ascorbic acids, lactic acids and malic acids or the protonated anions of oxalate, benzoate, salicylate, citrate, tartrate, ascorbate, lactate, malate and the like. Examples of sugar acids are in particular uronic acids and onic acids, for example linear or else cyclic tetronic acids, tetruronic acids, pentonic acids, penturonic acids, hexonic acids, hexuronic acids, in particular gluconic acids, glucuronic acids or protonated anions of gluconate, glucuronate, mannonate, mannuronate, galatonate, galacturonate, fructonate, Fructuronate, xylonate and the like. Examples of amino acids or natural amino acids may in particular be alanine, arginine, asparagine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine and VaNn. In particular, the fatty acids may be monocarboxylic acids having from four to 26 carbon atoms (C4 to C26), which fatty acids may be unsaturated, saturated or mixtures of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Examples of fatty acids include alkyl acids, alkenoic acids, alkanoic acids, alkenyl acids, alkadienoic acids, in particular the protonated anions of caprinate, laurinate, myristate, palmitate, margarinate, arachinate, behenate, myristoleinate, palmitolate, petroselinate, oleate, elaidinate, vaccenate, icosenate, cetoleinate, linolenate , Linolat and the like. Examples of volatile acids may be in particular the protonated anions of acetate, formate, butyrate and the like.

The term "toxicologically harmless" may in particular be understood to mean that the toxicity of the corresponding substance is below a predetermined, for example prescribed by law, value or that no toxicological effect of the substance is present or at least known. In particular, such substances may not have harmful effects. The terms "natural cations" or "natural anions" may in particular be understood to mean those which are naturally present in nature and thus in contrast to cations or anions produced or produced by man, which are also known as anthropogenic or synthetic cations or Anions can be designated.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the tobacco product filter, [A] ^{+ is} a quaternary ammonium cation [R ¹ R ¹ R ² R ³ N] ⁺ , a phosphonium cation [R ¹ R ¹ R ² R ³ P] ⁺ , a sulfonium Cation [R ¹¹ R ¹ R ² S] ⁺ or a heteroaromatic cation.

In particular, R ^{1 '} , R ¹ , R ² and R ^{3 may be} radicals, for example independently of one another, hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl or heteroaryl radicals; or two of R ¹ , R ^{1 '} , R ² , R ³ together with the heteroatom to which they are attached form a ring, which is saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted or substituted, and this chain is represented by one or more heteroatoms selected from the group O, S, NH or N-Ci-C ₄ -alkyl may be interrupted. In particular, however, may be excluded the case that all radicals are formed by hydrogen or a proton. Also, organic sulfites may be excluded as a cation.

Further, [B] ^{a "may} be any anion with the negative charge a. The heteroaromatic of the formula is usually a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic, which has at least one nitrogen atom and optionally an oxygen or sulfur atom, and which is unsubstituted or substituted and / or anneliert, preferably the heteroaromatic of the formula IIb is selected from Group:

where the radicals have the following meaning:

R is hydrogen, Ci-C ₃₀ alkyl, C ₃ -C ₂ -cycloalkyl, C ₂ -C ₃₀ - alkenyl, C ₃ -C ₂ -cycloalkenyl, C ₂ -C ₃₀ alkynyl, aryl or heteroaryl, wherein the 7 the latter radicals may carry one or more halogen radicals and / or 1 to 3 radicals selected from the group dC ₆ alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C ₃ -C ₇ cycloalkyl, halogen, OR ^C , SR ^C , NR ^c R ^d , COR ^C , COOR ^C , CO-NR ^c R ^d , wherein R ^c and R ^{d is} hydrogen, Ci-C ₆ alkyl, Ci-C ₆ haloalkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, ToIyI or benzyl;

R ¹ , R ^{1 '} , R ² , R ³ independently of one another represent hydrogen, optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl or heteroaryl; or two of R ¹ , R ^{1 '} , R ² , R ³ together with the heteroatom to which they are attached form a ring, which is saturated or unsaturated, unsubstituted or substituted, and this chain is represented by one or more heteroatoms selected from the group O, S, NH or N-Ci-C ₄ alkyl may be interrupted;

R ⁴ , R ⁵ , R ⁶ , R ⁷ , R ⁸ independently of one another are hydrogen, halogen, nitro, cyano, OR ^C , SR ^C , NR ^c R ^d , COR ^C , COOR ^C , CO-NR ^c R ^d , dC ₃₀ -alkyl, C ₃ - Ci ₂ cycloalkyl, C ₂ -C ₃₀ -alkenyl, C ₃ -C ₂ selected cycloalkenyl, aryl or heteroaryl, wherein the 6 latter residues can carry one or more halogen residues and / or 1 to 3 residues from the group dC ₆ -alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C ₃ -C ₇ -cycloalkyl, halogen, OR ^C , SR ^C , NR ^c R ^d , COR ^C , COOR ^C , CO-NR ^c R ^d , wherein R ^c and R ^d independently of each other Are hydrogen, Ci-C ₆ alkyl, Ci-C ₆ haloalkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, tolyl or benzyl; or two of R, R ⁴ , R ⁵ , R ⁶ , R ⁷ , R ⁸ which are adjacent form together with the atom to which they are attached a ring which is unsaturated or aromatic, unsubstituted or substituted and wherein the chain formed by the radicals in question may be interrupted by one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S, N, NH or N-C 1 -C ₄ -alkyl,

R ^e, R ^f, R ^9, R ^h are each independently hydrogen, Ci-C ₆ - alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, C ₃ -C ₇ -cycloalkyl, halogen, OR ^C, SR ^C, NR ^c R ^d, COOR ^C , CO-NR ^c R ^d or COR ^{C is} substituted, wherein R ^c , R ^d independently of one another are hydrogen, C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl, C ₁ -C ₆ -haloalkyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, phenyl, ToIyI or benzyl, however preferably represents hydrogen, halogen or C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl, in particular hydrogen or C ₁ -C ₆ -alkyl.

[B] ^{a "} is preferably:

Fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide; hexafluorophosphate; Nitrite; Nitrate; Sulfate; Bisulfate; carbonate; hydrogen carbonate; alkyl carbonate; aryl carbonate; Phosphate; Hydrogen phosphate; dihydrogen phosphate; tetrasubstituted borate of the general formula (Va) [BR'R ^j R ^k R '] ^" _, wherein R ¹ to R ^{1 are} independently fluorine or a carbon-containing organic, saturated or unsaturated, acyclic or cyclic, aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic radical with 1 to 30 carbon atoms, which may contain one or more heteroatoms and / or may be substituted by one or more functional groups or halogen, are organic sulphonate of the general formula (Vb) [R ^m -SO ₃ ] ^" , where R ^{m is} a carbon-containing organic, saturated or unsaturated, acyclic or cyclic, aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, which may contain one or more heteroatoms and / or may be substituted by one or more functional groups or halogen; organic sulfate of the general formula (Vc) [R ^m -OSO ₃ ] ^" , wherein R ^{m is} a carbon-containing organic, saturated or unsaturated, acyclic or cyclic, aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, which is one or more Heteroatoms and / or may be substituted by one or more functional groups or halogen, carboxylate of the general formula (Vd) [R ⁿ -COO] ^' , wherein R ^{π is} for

Is hydrogen or a carbon-containing organic, saturated or unsaturated, acyclic or cyclic, aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic radical having from 1 to 30 carbon atoms which may contain one or more heteroatoms and / or be substituted by one or more functional groups or halogen;

(Fluoroalkyl) fluorophosphate of the general formula (Ve) [PF _x (C _y F _{2y +} i _-z H _z ) _6-x ] ^" , where 1 <x <6, 1 <y <8 and 0 <z <2y + 1 ; or imide of the general formulas (Vf) [R ° -SO ₂ -N-SO ₂ -R ^P] ^"(Vg) [R ^r - SO ₂ -N-CO-R ^5] ^'or (Vh) [R '-CO-N-CO-R "] ^' , wherein R ⁰ to R ^{u are} independently hydrogen or a carbon-containing organic, saturated or unsaturated, acyclic or cyclic, aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, which are one or more heteroatoms and / or may be substituted by one or more functional groups or halogen.

Organic phosphate of the general formula (Vi) [R ^m -OPO _4] ^{2 "or} (Vj) [R ^m -OPO ₂ -OR ^n] ^~ wherein R ^m is a carbon- organic, saturated or unsaturated, acyclic or cyclic, aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, which may contain one or more heteroatoms and / or may be substituted by one or more functional groups or halogen, and wherein R ^{n is} hydrogen or one

Carbon-containing organic, saturated or unsaturated, acyclic or cyclic, aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic radical having 1 to 30 carbon atoms which may contain one or more heteroatoms and / or may be substituted by one or more functional groups or halogen.

The charge "a-" of the anion [B] ^{a ~} is "1-", "2-" or "3-". Examples of doubly negatively charged anions include sulfate, hydrogen phosphate and carbonate. An example of a triply negatively charged anion is called phosphate.

As carbon-containing organic, saturated or unsaturated, acyclic or cyclic, aliphatic, aromatic or araliphatic radicals having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, the radicals R 'to R ¹ in tetrasubstituted borate (Va), the radical R ^m in the organic sulfonate (Vb) and Sulfate (Vc), the radical R ⁿ in the carboxylate (Vd) and the radicals R ⁰ to R ^u in the imides (Vf), (Vg) and (Vh) are independently of each other preferably

C 1 -C ₃₀ -alkyl and their aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, halogen, hydroxy, amino, carboxy, formyl, -O-, -CO-, -CO-O- or -CO- N <substituted components such as methyl, ethyl, 1-propyl, 2-propyl, 1-butyl, 2-butyl, 2-methyl-1-propyl (isobutyl), 2-methyl-2-propyl (tert-butyl ), 1-pentyl, 2-pentyl, 3-pentyl, 2-methyl-1-butyl, 3-methyl-1-butyl, 2-methyl-2-butyl, 3-methyl-2-butyl, 2,2- Dimethyl-1-propyl, 1-hexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, 2-methyl-1-pentyl, 3-methyl-1-pentyl, 4-methyl 1-pentyl, 2-methyl-2-pentyl, 3-methyl-2-pentyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 2-methyl-3-pentyl, 3-methyl-3-pentyl, 2,2-dimethyl 1-butyl, 2,3-dimethyl-1-butyl, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butyl, 2-ethyl-1-butyl, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butyl, 3,3-dimethyl-2 butyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, icosyl, henicosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, tetracosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl, heptacosyl, octacosyl, nonacosyl, triacontyl, Phenylmethyl (benzyl), diphenylmethyl, triphenylmethyl, 2-phenylethyl, 3-phenylpropyl, cyclopentylmethyl, 2-cyclopentylethyl, 3-cyclopentylpropyl, cyclohexylmethyl, 2-cyclohexylethyl, 3

Cyclohexylpropyl, methoxy, ethoxy, formyl, acetyl or C _n F ₂ (na) ₊ (ib) H 2a ₊ b with n <30, 0 <a <n and b = 0 or 1 (for example CF ₃ , C ₂ F ₅ , CH ₂ CH ₂ -C (n-2) F ₂ (n-2) + i / CβFi 3, CsFi ₇ , CioF ₂ i, Ci ₂ F ₂₅ );

C ₃ - to Ci ₂ cycloalkyl, and whose aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, halo, hydroxy, amino, carboxy, formyl, -O-, -CO- or -CO-O- substituted derivatives, such as cyclopentyl, 2-methyl-1-cyclopentyl, 3-methyl-1-cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, 2-methyl-1-cyclohexyl, 3-methyl-1-cyclohexyl, 4-methyl-1-cyclohexyl or C _n F _{2 (na) -} ( _1-b) H ₂ ab with n <30, 0 <a <n and b = 0 or 1; C ₂ - to C ₃₀ -alkenyl and their aryl-, heteroaryl-, cycloalkyl-, halogen-, hydroxy-, amino-, carboxy-, formyl-, -O-, -CO- or -CO-O- substituted components, such as 2-propenyl, 3-butenyl, cis-2-butenyl, trans-2-butenyl or C _n F ₂ (n _-a ) - (ib) H 2a-b with n <30, 0 <a <n and b = 0 or 1; C ₃ - to C ₂ cycloalkenyl and their aryl-, heteroaryl-, cycloalkyl-, halogen-, hydroxy-, amino-, carboxy-, formyl-, -O-, -CO- or -CO-O- substituted derivatives, such as, for example, 3-cyclopentenyl, 2-cyclohexenyl, 3-cyclohexenyl, 2,5-cyclohexadienyl or C _n F _{2 (na) -3 (} i- _b) H _{2 -a-} _3b with n <30, 0 <a <n and b = 0 or 1; and Aryl or heteroaryl having 2 to 30 carbon atoms and their alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, halogen, hydroxy, amino, carboxy, formyl, -O-, -CO- or -CO-O- substituted components such as phenyl, 2-methyl-phenyl (2-ToIyI), 3-methyl-phenyl (3-ToIyI), 4-methyl-phenyl, 2-ethyl-phenyl, 3-ethyl-phenyl, 4-ethyl -phenyl, 2,3-dimethyl-phenyl, 2,4-dimethyl-phenyl, 2,5-dimethyl-phenyl, 2,6-dimethyl-phenyl, 3,4-dimethyl-phenyl, 3,5-dimethyl-phenyl , 4-phenyl-phenyl, 1-naphthyl, 2-naphthyl, 1-pyrrolyl, 2-pyrrolyl, 3-pyrrolyl, 2-pyridinyl, 3-pyridinyl, 4-pyridinyl or C ₆ F _(5-a) H _a with 0 <a <5.

If it is the anion [B] ^{a "is} a tetra-substituted borate (Va) [BR ¹ Pv ¹ P ^ R ^{^1]",} so, in this preferred all four radicals R ¹ to R ¹ are identical, being preferably fluorine , Trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, phenyl, 3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl. Particularly preferred tetrasubstituted borates (Va) are tetrafluoroborate, tetraphenylborate and tetra [3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] borate.

If the anion [B] ^{a "} is an organic sulfonate (Vb) [R ^m -SO ₃ ] ^- or sulfate (Vc) [R ^m -OSO ₃ ] ^- then the radical R ^{m is} preferably methyl, trifluoromethyl Pentafluoroethyl, p-tolyl or C ₉ Fi ₉ Particularly preferred organic sulfonates (Vb) are trifluoromethanesulfonate (triflate), methanesulfonate, nonadecafluorononanesulfonate (nonaflate) and p-toluenesulfonate, particularly preferred organic sulfates (Vc) are methylsulfate, ethylsulfate, n- Propyl sulfate, i-propyl sulfate, butyl sulfate, pentyl sulfate, hexyl sulfate, heptyl sulfate, octyl sulfate, nonyl sulfate and decyl sulfate, and longer chain n-alkyl sulfates;

If it is the anion [B] ^{a ~} a carboxylate (Vd) [R ⁿ -COO] ^", so the radical R ⁿ preferably represents hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, Pentafluorethyl, phenyl, hydroxy-phenyl-methyl, trichloromethyl, dichloromethyl, chloromethyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, fluoromethyl or unbranched or branched ci to d ₂ alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, 1-propyl, 2-propyl, 1-butyl , 2-butyl, 2-methyl-1-propyl (isobutyl), 2-methyl-2-propyl (tert-butyl), 1-pentyl, 2-pentyl, 3-pentyl, 2-methyl-1-butyl, 3-methyl-1-butyl, 2-methyl-2-butyl, 3-methyl-2-butyl, 2,2-dimethyl-1-propyl, 1-hexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, 2-methyl 1-pentyl, 3-methyl-1-pentyl, 4-methyl-1-pentyl, 2-methyl-2-pentyl, 3-methyl-2-pentyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 2-methyl-3 pentyl, 3-methyl-3-pentyl, 2,2-dimethyl-1-butyl, 2,3-dimethyl-1-butyl, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butyl, 2-ethyl-1-butyl, 2, 3-dimethyl-2-butyl, 3,3-dimethyl-2-butyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl or dodecyl. Particularly preferred carboxylates (Vc) are formate, acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, benzoate, mandelate, trichloroacetate, dichloroacetate, chloroacetate, trifluoroacetate, difluoroacetate, fluoroacetate.

If the anion [B] ^{a '} is a (fluoroalkyl) fluorophosphate (Ve) [PF _x (CyF ₂ y ₊ i- _z H _z ) _6-x ] ^" , then z is preferably 0. Particularly preferred are ( Fluoroalkyl) fluorophosphates (Ve) in which z = 0, x = 3 and 1 <y <4, specifically [PF ₃ (CF ₃ ) ₃ ] \ [PF ₃ (C ₂ Fs) ₃ ] ^" , [PF ₃ ( C ₃ Fy) ₃ ] ^" and [PF ₃ (C ₄ F ₇ ),] ^" .

When the anion [B] ^{a "} is an imide (Vf) [R ° -SO ₂ -N-SO ₂ -R ^P ] ^" , (Vg) [R ^r -SO ₂ -N-CO-R ^s ] ^" or (Vh) (R 1 CO-N-CO-R"] ^" , the radicals R ⁰ to R ^{u are} independently of one another preferably hydrogen, trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, phenyl, trichloromethyl, dichloromethyl, chloromethyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl , Fluoromethyl or straight or branched C ₁ -C 12 -alkyl, such as, for example, methyl, ethyl, 1-propyl, 2-propyl, 1-butyl, 2-butyl, 2-methyl-1-propyl (isobutyl), 2-methyl 2-propyl (tert-butyl), 1-pentyl, 2-pentyl, 3-pentyl, 2-methyl-1-butyl, 3-methyl-1-butyl, 2-methyl-2-butyl, 3-methyl -2-butyl, 2,2-dimethyl-1-propyl, 1-hexyl, 2-hexyl, 3-hexyl, 2-methyl-1-pentyl, 3-methyl-1-pentyl, 4-methyl-1-pentyl, 2-methyl 2-pentyl, 3-methyl-2-pentyl, 4-methyl-2-pentyl, 2-methyl-3-pentyl, 3-methyl-3-pentyl, 2,2-dimethyl-1-butyl, 2,3- Dimethyl-1-butyl, 3,3-dimethyl-1-butyl, 2-ethyl-1-butyl, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butyl, 3,3-dimethyl-2-butyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, Decyl, undecyl or dodecyl. Particularly preferred imides (Vf), (Vg) and (Vh) are [F ₃ C-SO ₂ -N-SO ₂ -CF _3] ^"[F ₃ C-SO ₂ -N-CO-CF _^3]", [F ₃ C-CO-N-CO-CF ₃ ] ^" and those in which the radicals R ⁰ to R ^u independently of one another represent hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, phenyl, trichloromethyl, dichloromethyl, chloromethyl, trifluoromethyl, Difluoromethyl or fluoromethyl stand.

It should be noted that embodiments of the invention have been described with reference to different subject matters and will be described below. In particular, some embodiments of the invention are described with apparatus claims and other embodiments of the invention with method claims. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading this application that, unless explicitly stated otherwise, in addition to a combination of

Features that belong to a type of subject matter, also any combination of features is possible that belong to different types of subject matter.

Claims

Patent claims

A tobacco product filter comprising: a carrier material having an immobilized ionic liquid.

2. The tobacco product filter according to claim 1, wherein the carrier material has a large inner surface.

3. A tobacco product filter according to claim 2, wherein the support material has a structure selected from the group consisting of: porous structures, spongy structures fibrous structures, powdery, granular structures, membrane-like structures and sheet-like structures.

4. A tobacco product filter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the carrier material comprises at least one material which is selected from the group consisting of: activated carbon,

Charcoal,

Stone, especially limestone, coral or pumice, zeolite, silica gel, ceramics, Silica gel, diatomaceous earth, alumina,

Plastic, in particular polyethylene, glass fibers,

Mineral wool, paper, cellulose,

Cellulose acetate and meerschaum exists.

5. tobacco product filter according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the ionic liquid has a melting point of less than 200 ° C.

6. tobacco product filter according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ionic liquid of the general formula ([A] ⁺ ) _a [B] ^{a "} corresponds.

7. Tobacco filter according to claim 6, wherein [A] ^{+ is} a toxicologically acceptable cation, which is in particular selected from the group consisting of the following cations: cations with short alkyl side chains,

Cations with polar, functional groups in the side chains, and natural cations.

8. tobacco product filter according to claim 6 or 7, where [B] ^{a "stands} for a toxicologically acceptable anion, in particular for a natural anion.

9. A tobacco product filter according to claim 6, wherein [A] ⁺ for a quaternary ammonium cation [R ¹ R ¹ R ² R ³ N] ⁺ , a phosphonium cation [R ¹⁷ R ¹ R ² R ³ P] ⁺ , a sulfonium Cation [R ¹ R ¹ R ² S] ⁺ or a heteroaromatic cation.

10. A method for removing pollutants from tobacco smoke, which comprises

Providing a tobacco product filter according to one of claims 1 to 9,

Passing tobacco products smoke through the tobacco product filter.

11. Use of a filter comprising a carrier material with an immobilized ionic liquid for removing pollutants from tobacco product smoke.