EP2381166B1 - Headlamp for vehicles - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a headlamp for vehicles with a reflector, a lens and arranged between the reflector and the lens aperture shaft which is adjustable about a horizontal and transverse to the optical axis axis of rotation in two or more rotational positions, and wherein the lateral surface of the aperture shaft for each rotational position has at least one focal line each, which generates a light-dark boundary of a light distribution such as in EP 2,157,362 A1 laid, wherein the lens is pivotable about a vertical axis, which preferably passes through the focal point of the lens or a focal point of the reflector, to generate a dynamic cornering light, such as in DE 10 2008 001 034 A1 described.

For generating a dynamic cornering light, it is known to make the lens of a projection headlight about a vertical axis to the left and right pivot. By pivoting the lens and the light image is pivoted in accordance with the steering angle.

If there is a diaphragm arrangement in the beam path, it has been found that, in particular in a position of the diaphragm arrangement for generating low beam, the pivoting of the lens leads to undesirable effects in the light distribution, in particular on the side of oncoming traffic, where a larger part the light distribution is shaded show. In the case of a headlight for a right-hand drive vehicle, in particular when the lens is pivoted to the left, that is to say in the direction of oncoming traffic, such unwanted effects in the light distribution leading to dazzling of oncoming traffic occur.

It is an object of the invention to provide a headlamp mentioned above, in which this problem is solved.

This object is achieved in that according to the invention, the diaphragm shaft in the circumferential direction, ie seen in the direction of rotation, in a defined rotation angle range, a lateral surface having a configuration for forming a focal line region for two or more focal lines for dimmed light, wherein a focal line for dimmed light at least one first focal line section for generating a light-dark boundary of a light image on the oncoming traffic side and at least a second focal line section for generating a light-dark boundary of a light image on the vehicle side, and wherein the diaphragm shaft at least in a region of the at least one first focal line section a focal line for dimmed light at least has an elevation opposite first focal line portions of adjacent dimmed light focal lines.

The direction along the axis of rotation of the diaphragm shaft is to be understood here as meaning the longitudinal direction of the diaphragm shaft.

The elevation represents a modification of the lateral surface of the diaphragm shaft and thus of the focal line. Points of the focal line in the region of the elevation have a greater distance from the axis of rotation than the other points of the focal line of this focal line section, and the distance of these points to the axis of rotation of the diaphragm shaft increases as it approaches the edge of the aperture.

When the lens is swiveled in the direction of the side which has no elevation (in the case of a right-hand traffic light, the negative effects resulting from a pivoting of the lens to the left without elevation are applied to the right-hand side), the elevation can cause are hidden by the swiveling resulting unwanted light, so that even when pivoted lens results in a law-compliant light image.

The negative effect in the light image increases with increasing tilt angle of the lens.

Accordingly, it may be advantageous if the elevation seen in the longitudinal direction of the diaphragm shaft, starting at a distance from the center of the diaphragm shaft, increases towards the edge of the diaphragm shaft.

By rising to the edge elevation increasing with increasing tilt angle of the lens disturbance in the photograph can be compensated.

The survey or its focal line is no longer sharply displayed in the photograph. The farther outward you look at the wave, the fuzzier it becomes, because the focal line of the lens is not a straight line but a curve. The same applies to the survey.

• * ) der erste Brennlinienabschnitt für die Hell-Dunkelgrenze der Lichtverteilung auf der Gegenverkehrsseite geradlinig und parallel zu der Drehachse, und
• * ) eine zweiter Brennlinienabschnitt für die Hell-Dunkelgrenze auf der Fahrzeugseite verläuft ebenfalls geradlinig und parallel zu der Drehachse, wobei der erste Brennlinienabschnitt einen größeren Normalabstand zu der Drehachse aufweist als der zweite Brennlinienabschnitt.

In a concrete headlamp with a focal line for asymmetric low beam passes at a focal line for dimmed light

• *) the first focal line section for the bright-dark boundary of the light distribution on the oncoming traffic side straight and parallel to the axis of rotation, and
• *) a second focal line section for the bright-dark boundary on the vehicle side is also rectilinear and parallel to the axis of rotation, wherein the first focal line section has a greater normal distance to the axis of rotation than the second focal line section.

In the first focal line section, the survey is provided according to the invention; in the second section no survey is provided.

In another symmetrical low beam headlamp, the first focal line section for the bright-dark boundary of the oncoming traffic side and a second focal line section for a light-dark boundary on the vehicle side form a continuous straight line parallel to the rotation axis of the shutter shaft.

In such a headlamp is provided that in each case at least one survey is provided in both focal sections, so that it can be used both in right and left traffic as low beam headlamps with pivoting lens to produce a dynamic cornering light.

The symmetrical dipped beam serves as a city light or as a tourist solution. Especially with a tourist solution surveys can be provided on both sides. As a result, the disturbing (not permitted) beams are hidden when driving through left and right curves.

In a variant of the invention, it is provided that the distance at which the elevation begins is approximately as far away from the center of the diaphragm shaft as corresponds to 5 ° in the light pattern of the light distribution. This is the area from which the first undesired light effects in the light image typically result when the lens is pivoted, which can be correspondingly compensated for with a survey that starts in this area. Basically, however, the elevation can already begin in the middle of the shaft (the center of the shaft with respect to the longitudinal extent of the shaft along the axis of rotation results from the intersection of a vertical plane through the optical axis with the diaphragm shaft).

Furthermore, it is provided that the survey has its greatest distance from the axis of rotation in the edge region or at the edge of the diaphragm shaft.

If the vehicle drives into a curve, the shutter shaft is slowly (dynamically) rotated so on, that the survey comes ever further into the beam path. This does not happen abruptly but depending on the tilt angle of the lens. At full steering angle (about 15 ° - 20 °) is then the entire survey with its highest points in the beam path.

Accordingly, it is expedient if the elevation is arranged such that its highest points are imaged on the edge or shortly before reaching the edge of the light distribution. For example, the maximum of the survey could be imaged in a range of about 45 ° in the light distribution.

Except for the tilt angle of the lens, angles refer without exception to the projected light image. How these angle data in the photo then represent on the shaft itself, depends on the lens used.

For example, the elevation increases linearly towards the edge.

It is fundamentally important for the lateral surface of the diaphragm shaft to have at least one "normal" focal line without elevation and at least one focal line with an elevation in a region for producing a dimmed light figure. The survey is on the one hand only in a (counter to the direction of oncoming traffic) pivoted lens necessary, i. when cornering, the focal line is activated with the survey, while driving straight ahead, the survey is not needed and is even disturbing because it would then cut off parts of the light distribution, which are necessary to meet the specifications of the photograph.

For manufacturing reasons - a single focal line with survey is difficult to produce - is now provided that the survey has a spatial extent in the circumferential direction. The survey is thus not in the form of a narrow focal line, but the survey has in the rotational or circumferential direction of the shaft to an extent.

This is not only important in terms of manufacturing, but also in terms of the photograph. Typically, the spatial extent will not be realized in a step-like elevation, but over a continuous increase in the circumferential direction to its highest points (ridge). Correspondingly, it is also possible to switch on the elevation during a pivoting of the lens "gently", without abrupt jumps in the light distribution.

In the above sense, it is therefore also when the elevation is curved convexly in sectional planes through the survey normal to the axis of rotation.

In particular, it is advantageous if the convex curvature corresponds to a circular segment, since optically the same results can be achieved here even with inaccurate positioning by the drive. A circle segment is also easy to manufacture. The curvature could also be elliptical.

Furthermore, a trapezoidal course would be conceivable, but the feasibility then depends on the positioning accuracy of the drive.

In a variant of the invention, which allows a simple control of the diaphragm shaft, it is provided that in the cutting planes through the survey normal to the axis of rotation at the highest points of the survey in a projection in a horizontal plane through the axis of rotation form a straight line.

This means, if one connects the highest points of the cuts along the longitudinal extent of the wave - these form the ridge of the elevation - that these lie on a straight line; this straight line is preferably parallel to a focal line for dimmed light and in particular preferably parallel to the axis of rotation.

However, it can also be provided that the cutting planes in the projection normal to the axis of rotation at the highest points of the survey in a projection in a horizontal plane through the axis of rotation form a curved curve.

In a specific embodiment of the invention, it is further provided that the survey over the entire first focal line section or - in a headlight for right and left traffic - extends over the entire focal line.

The distance in which the elevation starts from the center of the diaphragm shaft (viewed in the longitudinal direction) is therefore zero in this case.

In a variant of the invention, the highest points of the survey all have the same distance from the axis of rotation of the diaphragm shaft. The elevation is thus essentially formed as a straight line, i. one or more straight focal line (s) for dimmed light is higher, ie with greater distance from the axis of rotation, than the other, "normal" focal lines for low beam, which are activated when driving straight ahead.

• Fig. 1 ein Projektionssystem mit einer erfindungsgemäße Blendenwelle in einer perspektivischen Ansicht von schräg vorne,
• Fig. 2 das Projektionssystem aus Figur 1 mit abgenommener Zusatzblende,
• Fig. 3a eine perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Blendenwelle in der Stellung für Abblendlicht,
• Fig. 3b die Blendenwelle aus Figur 3a und in der Stellung aus Figur 3a, von Vorne, mit Blickrichtung entgegen der Lichtaustrittsrichtung,
• Fig. 3c eine beispielhafte Abblendlichtverteilung erzeugt mit einem Projektionssystem aus Figur 1,
• Fig. 4a eine perspektivische Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Blendenwelle in der Stellung für Autobahnlicht,
• Fig. 4b eine Vorderansicht der Blendenwelle in der Stellung für Autobahnlicht,
• Fig. 4c eine beispielhafte Autobahnlichtverteilung,
• Fig. 5a eine perspektivische Ansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Blendenwelle bei "beginnendem" Fernlicht, d.h. in einer Zwischenstellung bei der Umschaltung auf Fernlicht,
• Fig. 5b die Blendenwelle in der Stellung aus Figur 5a in einer Vorderansicht,
• Fig. 5c die Lichtverteilung bei "beginnendem" Fernlicht,
• Fig. 5d einen Schnitt durch ein beispielhaftes Projektionssystem zur Korrektur des in Fig. 5c dargestellten Fehlers in der Lichtverteilung bei beginnendem Fernlicht,
• Fig. 5e eine Detailansicht der Blendenwelle entsprechend der Darstellung aus Figur 5d,
• Fig. 6a eine perspektivische Ansicht der Blendenwelle in der Stellung für Fernlicht,
• Fig. 6b eine Vorderansicht der Blendenwelle in der Stellung aus Figur 6a,
• Fig. 6c eine beispielhafte Fernlichtverteilung,
• Fig. 7a eine perspektivische Ansicht der Blendenwelle in der Stellung für Teilfernlicht,
• Fig. 7b eine Vorderansicht der Blendenwelle in der Stellung aus Figur 6a,
• Fig. 7c eine beispielhafte Teilfernlichtlichtverteilung,
• Fig. 8a eine perspektivische Ansicht der Blendenwelle in der Stellung für symmetrisches Abblendlicht,
• Fig. 8b Vorderansicht der Blendenwelle in der Stellung aus Figur 8a,
• Fig. 8c eine beispielhafte symmetrische Abblendlichtverteilung,
• Fig. 9a einen Schnitt durch die Blendenwelle entlang der Linie A-A aus Figur 3b,
• Fig. 9b einen Schnitt durch die Blendenwelle entlang der Linie B-B aus Figur 3b,
• Fig. 9c einen Schnitt durch die Blendenwelle entlang der Linie C-C aus Figur 3b,
• Fig. 9d eine erfindungsgemäße Blendenwelle in einer Vorderansicht mit einer Modifikation für Kurvenlichtscheinwerfer mit verschwenkbarer Linse,
• Fig. 9e schematisch zwei Abblendlichtverteilungen bei verschwenkter Linse für Kurvenlicht,
• Fig. 10a eine Detailansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Blendenwelle im Bereich eines für Teilfernlicht zuständigen Abschnittes der Blendenwelle,
• Fig. 10b den Bereich aus Figur 10a in einer vergrößerten Darstellung,
• Fig. 10c eine schematische Darstellung einer Teilfernlichtverteilung,
• Fig. 10d eine schematische Darstellung von Rillen in der Blendenwelle aus Figur 10a, und
• Fig. 10e - 10i verschiedene Rillenquerschnitte.

In the following the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. In this shows

• Fig. 1 a projection system with a diaphragm shaft according to the invention in a perspective Oblique view from the front,
• Fig. 2 the projection system FIG. 1 with removed additional panel,
• Fig. 3a a perspective view of a diaphragm shaft according to the invention in the position for low beam,
• Fig. 3b the shutter shaft off FIG. 3a and in the position off FIG. 3a , from the front, facing in the direction of the light exit direction,
• Fig. 3c an exemplary low beam distribution generated with a projection system FIG. 1 .
• Fig. 4a a perspective view of the aperture shaft according to the invention in the position for motorway light,
• Fig. 4b a front view of the shutter shaft in the position for motorway light,
• Fig. 4c an exemplary motorway light distribution,
• Fig. 5a a perspective view of the diaphragm shaft according to the invention with "incipient" high beam, ie in an intermediate position when switching to high beam,
• Fig. 5b the shutter shaft in the position off FIG. 5a in a front view,
• Fig. 5c the light distribution with "starting" high beam,
• Fig. 5d a section through an exemplary projection system for the correction of in Fig. 5c illustrated error in the light distribution at high beam,
• Fig. 5e a detailed view of the diaphragm shaft as shown FIG. 5d .
• Fig. 6a a perspective view of the shutter shaft in the position for high beam,
• Fig. 6b a front view of the aperture shaft in the off position FIG. 6a .
• Fig. 6c an exemplary high beam distribution,
• Fig. 7a a perspective view of the diaphragm shaft in the position for Teilfernlicht,
• Fig. 7b a front view of the aperture shaft in the off position FIG. 6a .
• Fig. 7c an exemplary sub-beam light distribution,
• Fig. 8a a perspective view of the diaphragm shaft in the position for symmetrical low beam,
• Fig. 8b Front view of the shutter shaft in the position off FIG. 8a .
• Fig. 8c an exemplary symmetrical low-beam distribution,
• Fig. 9a a section through the diaphragm shaft along the line AA FIG. 3b .
• Fig. 9b a section through the diaphragm shaft along the line BB FIG. 3b .
• Fig. 9c a section through the diaphragm shaft along the line CC FIG. 3b .
• Fig. 9d an aperture shaft according to the invention in a front view with a modification for cornering light with pivoting lens,
• Fig. 9e schematically two low beam distributions with pivoted lens for cornering light,
• Fig. 10a a detailed view of a diaphragm shaft according to the invention in the region of a responsible for Teilfernlicht section of the diaphragm shaft,
• Fig. 10b the area out FIG. 10a in an enlarged view,
• Fig. 10c a schematic representation of a Teilfernlichtverteilung,
• Fig. 10d a schematic representation of grooves in the diaphragm shaft FIG. 10a , and
• 10e - 10i different groove cross sections.

FIG. 1 shows a vehicle headlight (projection system) 1 with an aperture shaft 11 according to the invention. The headlight 1 has a lens 4 (see FIG. 5d ) mounted in, for example, a lens holder (not shown). The lens holder and Thus, the lens 4 may be pivotable about a vertical axis 300. A number of the proposed modifications to the diaphragm shaft 11 according to the invention are also of importance for non-pivotable lens projection systems; If a modification is relevant in particular or exclusively for a lens 4 which can be pivoted about a vertical axis 300, this is explicitly indicated in the text.

The headlight 1 further has a light source 4a and a reflector 3, which is installed in the variant shown in an adapter 2. Attached to this adapter 2 are all relevant parts, such as a drive means 5 (for example a stepper motor) for rotating the aperture shaft 11 about its axis of rotation 100. The axis of rotation 100 is centered on the aperture shaft, i. not eccentric.

The light source 4a or the center of the helix of the light source is mounted in a first focal point of the reflector, the diaphragm shaft 11 is arranged such that focal lines of the diaphragm shaft 11 extend through a second focus of the reflector. The lens 4 is arranged such that a focal point of the lens or its focal line extends through the second focal point of the reflector.

The reference numeral 10 designates the entire diaphragm arrangement in the headlight 1, which also includes an (additional) diaphragm or a shading device 6 in addition to the diaphragm shaft 11. This shader 6 absorbs light rays that would escape below the aperture 11. The upper edge 6 'of the Abschatters 6 preferably extends in height or slightly above the axis of rotation 100 of the shaft.

The diaphragm shaft 11 is rotatably mounted on the adapter 2. For this purpose, in the variant shown, the adapter 2 forms a part of a bearing shell 8 and the shading device 6 the second part 7 of this bearing shell. A ball bearing 9 for the axis of rotation 100 of the diaphragm shaft 11 is held in this bearing shell.

The storage can in principle also directly, so without ball bearings, take place on the adapter, e.g. via a clip connection, etc. When using suitable materials, the wear on the adapter caused by the rotation of the shaft can be minimized.

The shaft itself may consist of temperature-resistant plastic, ceramic, metal and the like.

FIG. 2 shows again the arrangement FIG. 1 , with removed shading device 6.

The diaphragm shaft 11 is about the horizontal and transverse to the optical axis 200 extending axis of rotation 100 in two or more rotational positions adjustable, wherein the lateral surface 12 of the diaphragm shaft 11 for each rotational position at least each having a focal line, which generates a light-dark boundary of a light distribution ,

FIG. 3a shows, for example, a region of the lateral surface 12 with a plurality of focal lines 20 for producing a dimmed light distribution in the form of a low beam and with a plurality of focal lines 21 for producing a dimmed light distribution in the form of a motorway light. It can also be seen a focal line 22 for generating a high beam distribution.

In FIG. 3b It can be seen that the diaphragm shaft 11 is in a position in which one of the focal lines 20 for dipped beam is active, ie this focal line generates the light-dark boundary of the light distribution in the light image. In Figure 3c a corresponding low-beam light distribution 1000 is shown with light-dark boundary 1001.

FIG. 4a shows the shaft 11 as off FIG. 3a rotated a bit further, so now one of the focal lines 21 is active for another dimmed light distribution such as motorway light. Figure 4c shows such a highway light distribution 2000 with the light-dark boundary 2001, which is generated by the focal line 21.

Aperture shafts for generating different light images for vehicle headlights are well known. Due to the extent of such a diaphragm shaft extending in the light exit direction, in contrast to a flat diaphragm which has a negligible extent in the light exit direction (small thickness, thin diaphragm), the problem arises that light reflected by the reflector is directed into an upper diaphragm. reaches undesirable area of the lateral surface of the diaphragm shaft and is emitted from there as unwanted scattered light, which may lead to glare or legally not allowed values in the photograph, is emitted into the outer space. This problem also exists with thin aperture shafts with a small diameter, since these also have a certain extent in the light exit direction.

In particular, this problem occurs in dimmed light distributions. "Dimmed" light distribution are, for example, dipped beam (symmetrical, asymmetrical), motorway light, city light. These light distributions are e.g. defined in the ECE / SAE regulation.

The problem of unwanted stray light is in the US 2009/0154187 A1 theme, which shows a diaphragm shaft mentioned above. The diaphragm shaft shown in this document has grooves which are distributed at intervals to each other over a part of the lateral surface of the diaphragm shaft and extending over at least a full half of the diaphragm shaft (seen along the axis of rotation). However, it has been found that even with such a diaphragm wave, the problem of stray light can not be satisfactorily resolved at dimmed light distributions.

In order to solve this problem, so that the legal light values for dimmed light can be achieved or (almost) no undesired scattered light comes, the lateral surface 12 of the diaphragm shaft 11 in the region of at least one focal line 20, 21 for dimmed light grooves 30th , 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, which run approximately parallel to the axis of rotation 100 of the diaphragm shaft 11, wherein viewed in the rotational or circumferential direction of the diaphragm shaft 11, adjacent grooves 30, 31; 31, 32; 32, 33; 33, 34; 34, 35 directly adjoin one another and are separated from each other by a common edge 40, 41, 42, 43, 44. These grooves are in FIG. 3a and 4a to recognize and especially in FIG. 8a and in detail in the Figures 9a, 9b and 9c shown.

The diaphragm shaft 11 shown in the figures has areas for dipped beam as well as motorway light, accordingly, it is favorable if the ribs are provided in both areas as shown.

Due to the ribs, light which passes too steeply from above onto the diaphragm shaft is "captured" by the ribs and, for example, scattered back into the headlight, so that unwanted scattered radiation can no longer occur or can be significantly reduced ( FIGS. 9a-9c). FIG. 9a shows a beam which strikes a portion of the lateral surface of the diaphragm shaft, which is smooth, so has no grooves, this beam is deflected into the outer space of the headlight, while the incident on the ribs beam is directed back into the headlight.

"Desirable", reaching the aperture shaft shallower light is either absorbed by the aperture or passes through the focal line in the outer space, so that a light-dark boundary (HD boundary, HD line) corresponding to the optically effective focal line in the current position the aperture is imaged in the photograph. The ribbing on the lateral surface does not lead to a fully-focused HD line. As a rule, the shutter shaft drive can not position it so accurately that always an edge between two ribs is part of the focal line, but the shutter shaft can also be positioned in an intermediate position between two edges (ie there is no edge in the Optically optimal position in which they are sharply imaged would be). This leads to a slightly washed-out, no longer very sharp HD line, which is cheaper for the eye anyway, so this is not a problem on the contrary even beneficial.

Furthermore, the shaft may have a black, light-absorbing surface, which further reduces the stray light.

The diaphragm shaft 11 points in the circumferential direction, ie in the direction of rotation, in a defined rotational angle range δ (FIG. FIG. 8a . FIG. 9a ), a lateral surface 12 with a configuration for forming a focal line region for a plurality of focal lines 20, 21 for dimmed light, wherein a plurality of grooves in this rotation angle range δ of the lateral surface 12 are arranged.

Theoretically, exactly one (sharp) focal line would be sufficient, provided that the drive for the diaphragm shaft would always position it precisely. However, since this is unrealistic, the angle of rotation range, in which there are focal lines for dimmed light should be at least slightly greater than the positioning accuracy of the drive.

But in order to obtain sufficient process reliability, it is advantageous to make the rotation angle range even larger, as well as other errors (in addition to the inaccuracy in positioning) can occur. If a stepping motor is used, it may lose steps during operation and is permanently wrong, for example by 1 °, until the next referencing (referencing, for example, when the vehicle is put into service). By a sufficiently large rotation angle range, in which the focal lines are the same type, this step loss but is not a problem.

An accurate positioning of the diaphragm shafts would be possible only with very accurate and correspondingly expensive drives, but what is not necessary after the above and the headlight would only unnecessarily expensive. Namely, since the aperture shaft has a plurality of adjacent focal lines of the same kind (that is, a plurality of low-beam focal lines, etc.), it is only necessary to produce the dimming beam so that the dimming shaft is positioned so that one of the dimming beam focal lines is active.

The required focal lines are distributed at the "mantle" surface of the diaphragm shaft. For example, with 6 types of focal lines, each type has a 60 ° segment of the lateral surface (with even distribution, other distributions possible). Using only a small angle range for a type of focal line, you have a lot of useless Area on the casing of the diaphragm shaft, which is unfavorable. Therefore, it makes sense to take advantage of full 60 ° for a focal line, which also gains operational safety.

In FIG. 8a If, for example, the angle range for dimmed light is denoted by δ, this is composed of an angular range = δ1, in which focal lines for low beam are located, and a range δ2 with focal lines for motorway light

The minimum diameter of the shaft is mainly defined by the height of the HD line in high beam. In a specific headlamp with a particular lens, it is necessary to use e.g. to produce a high beam 6 ° high above H-H, a diaphragm shaft with at least 12 mm diameter. Add to this is still the space that takes the axis of rotation to complete. Assuming 5 mm diameter for the rotation axis (rotating shaft), the diaphragm shaft reaches a diameter of about 17 mm.

Adjacent grooves directly adjoin one another and are separated by an edge. As a result, there is little or practically no lateral surface between the grooves, which could produce unwanted scattered radiation.

In detail, this situation is again in the FIGS. 9a-9c shown, which cuts through the diaphragm shaft 11 after FIG. 3b according to the lines AA, BB and CC show.

It is advantageous if the edges 40, 41, 42, 43, 44 are sharp edges. So it should be strived to produce as sharp edges as possible, i. produce as sharp-edged transitions between adjacent grooves in order to produce as little scattered radiation. In practice, this sharp-edged course, of course, set certain limits, depending on the material more or less rounded edges can be formed, so rounded transitions between the grooves, in which case then seek to make the corresponding radii small.

The edge 45 delimits the last groove 35.

It is simple in manufacturing and also in terms of optical calculations if the grooves 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 are parallel to each other as shown.

In principle, the grooves can also run along a curved curve, for example, corresponding to the focal line of the lens, which is also curved. This can achieve the best optical effect in the form of a sharper HD line, but the production is very complex.

The grooves 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 are preferably arranged in a substantially central region 12m of the diaphragm shaft 11, as seen along the axis of rotation 100 (see FIG FIG. 8b ). The reflector essentially "concentrates" the light in a central region, so that the strongest scattered radiation originates essentially from the middle region of the diaphragm shaft. It is therefore not absolutely necessary to provide grooves outside the central area of the diaphragm shaft, and blackening of the shaft is generally sufficient in these areas.

Coming back again FIG. 3b and FIG. 4b It can be seen that the dimmed light focal lines 20, 21 each have a first focal line section 20a, 21a which is rectilinear and parallel to the axis of rotation 100, and a second focal line section 20b, 21b which is also rectilinear and parallel to the axis of rotation 100 , The two sections 20a, 20b; 21a, 21b are connected via a third focal line section 20c, 21c extending rectilinearly and obliquely to the axis of rotation 100, and the first focal line section 21a has a greater normal distance from the axis of rotation 100 than the second focal line section 20b.

The grooves 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 extend, starting from the focal line section 20c extending obliquely to the axis of rotation 100; 21c, over a distance d in the first and / or the second focal line portion 20a, 21a; 20b, 21b, preferably into both focal line sections, as shown.

The distance d of the extension into the focal line sections 20a, 21a; 20b, 21b into approximately corresponds to an angle range of +/- 10 ° (measured from the center of the light source). Basically, however, this numerical value depends on the reflector, this has a small maximum, i. a strong concentration of light in the middle, then an extension of 10 ° may well be sufficient. If the reflector has a very wide maximum range, more than 30 °, e.g. 45 ° on both sides necessary.

With regard to the reduction of stray radiation, it is optimal, if the grooves 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 also the oblique focal line portion 20c; 21c fully enforce.

FIG. 5d shows a vertical section parallel to the optical axis through a projection system according to the invention and FIG. 5e shows an enlarged section of the diaphragm shaft eleventh FIG. 5e shows the grooves according to the invention in a section accordingly FIG. 5d in detail. With regard to the optical properties to be achieved, it is advantageous, as shown, for a groove 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 to be at least in sections - ie at least in a section along its longitudinal extent (parallel to the axis of rotation) - in each case of two opposite, at an angle γ converging surfaces, which are preferably at least partially formed as planes ε1, ε2, is formed. A light beam coming from above can thus be optimally reflected from one plane of the groove to the other plane of the groove and finally reflected back into the headlight.

The two planes of a groove can intersect one another pointedly, ie the converging surfaces are formed as planes up to their cutting area. As a rule, however, the "planes" have rounded transition areas, this results in the production, ie they merge into one another in a continuous form, as in FIG. 5e good to see. Basically, these are not mutually converging planes, but rather converging surfaces, which are partially formed as planes and deviate from the plane shape in their transition region. Optically, there are sharp transitions, but in fact this is irrelevant to the function. Grooves with rounded transitions are easier to produce in terms of manufacturing technology (easier demoulding).

It is also advantageous in terms of manufacturing technology if the front plane ε2 of a groove 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35 seen in the light exit direction runs at a larger angle to the lateral surface 12 than the rear plane ε1 of the groove. With regard to the production, in particular the rear plane ε1 is important, which should be at a shallower angle to the mantle, while the front plane ε2 should be as steep as possible to the lateral surface from an optical point of view, whereby as much stray light is destroyed.

In this case, that angle is meant which lies between the considered plane and the tangential surface on the lateral surface, which tangential surface contains the cutting line, which results when cutting the considered plane with the lateral surface.

The angle between two planes of a groove itself is for example approximately 45 ° in the focal line range for motorway light and, for example, approximately 90 ° in the focal line range for low beam ( FIG. 5e ).

Once again FIGS. 4a and 4b It can also be seen that, in the region of the lateral surface of the diaphragm shaft in which the dimmed light focal lines are in the form of motorway light, an edge 43, 44 separating two grooves 33, 34, 35 is at the same normal distance from the axis of rotation 100 as the first Low beam focal line portion 21a and parallel to the axis of rotation 100 extends.

In contrast, in the region of the lateral surface of the diaphragm shaft, in which the focal lines for dimmed light are in the form of dipped beam, an edge 40, 41, 42 separating two grooves 30, 31, 32, 33 has a larger normal distance to the axis of rotation 100 at least in sections the first low-beam focal line section 20a, as shown in particular in FIGS FIGS. 3a and 3b such as FIG. 8a and FIG. 9c easy to recognize. It is advantageous if the edges 40, 41, 42 initially parallel to the rotation axis 100 with the same normal distance as the first focal line portion 20a for dimmed light and then increase over an oblique edge portion to the edge portion with a greater normal distance from the rotation axis 100 ( FIG. 9c ). The entire line is defined by legal regulations.

In the specific embodiment of the diaphragm shaft shown, the two above-mentioned areas of the lateral surface of the diaphragm shaft are arranged one behind the other in the direction of rotation, so that it is possible to switch from low beam to highway light by rotating the diaphragm shaft.

Due to the different distances of the edges as described above, the different gradients of the light-dark lines 1001, 2001 for low beam 1000 and highway light 2000 result.

As can be seen from the figures, a plurality of edges 43, 44 are provided with the same and a plurality of edges 40, 41, 42 with a greater normal distance to the rotation axis 100 than the first focal line portion 20a, 21a for dimmed light, so undesirable in the areas dimmed lights Stray light can be avoided. A particularly accurate positioning of the diaphragm shaft is not necessary. The angle α between two edges (see FIG. 9b ) corresponds approximately to the positioning accuracy of the drive used, which is about 2 ° in concrete, used drives.

The angle can also be chosen larger, in a specific embodiment, this is about 5 ° and was chosen so that at a position of the diaphragm shaft exactly in the middle of two grooves, the light image is still acceptable. The drive positions more accurately.

Starting from a diaphragm shaft 11 in a position accordingly Figure 3a and 3b , which a low beam distribution ( Figure 3c ), you get by turning the shaft to a position Figure 4a / 4b to a motorway light distribution as in Figure 4c shown.

If the diaphragm shaft 11 in a position as in FIGS. 6a and 6b rotated, the light distribution of a dimmed light distribution (in this case, a motorway light distribution) to a high beam distribution 4000 with a light-dark boundary 4001 accordingly FIG. 6c switched.

The light-dark boundary is formed by the focal line 22 of the aperture wave, and the cut-off in this case is not sharply imaged in the light image, which is desirable and results from the fact that the focal line 22 of the aperture 11 is already well below the focal line of the lens is located.

The focal line 22 for the high beam is symmetrical to a plane extending in the light exit direction vertical surface and extends in a concave arc. The focal line 22 for high beam also has a smaller normal distance to the axis of rotation 100 than the focal line 21 for dimmed light

The focal line 22 for high beam and the last dimmer line 21 for dimmed light are more than 90 ° in the direction of rotation, typically even more than 120 ° apart.

Between this last focal line 21 for a dimmed light distribution 2000 and the focal line 22 for a high beam distribution 4000, the diaphragm shaft has no focal line or lateral surface, i. there is no or very little diaphragm material above the axis of rotation between this focal line, but in any case at a greater distance from the focal line of the lens than the main beam line is away from the main beam line.

It thus follows a focal line (or a cladding region with several such focal lines) for dimmed light, e.g. on a focal line for low beam or on a focal line for motorway light a focal line or focal line area for high beam. This high beam distribution is switched by rotating the shutter shaft about its axis of rotation. There is no optically effective focal line between the region for dimmed light and that for high beam; in practice, the material of the diaphragm shaft is greatly reduced, also in order to reduce the mass of the diaphragm shaft.

Upon rotation of the diaphragm shaft from the position for dimmed light in the position for high beam, the focal line for dimmed light is initially turned away from its position in which it is sharply focused backwards in the direction of the reflector and down. Accordingly, more light gets into the exterior and the light-dark line is no longer sharply displayed. Finally, the diaphragm shaft is rotated to a position in which a high beam distribution is generated, in which the focal line 22 is optically active ( FIG. 6a, FIG. 6b ). Due to the fact that the focal line 22 for high beam clear is lower than that for blended light and thus is not in the focus of the lens or the reflector, this focal line is not sharply displayed in the light image, but this is a desired effect.

A problem which arises from the design of the aperture wave when switching between the dimmed and the high beam is that in the center of the system, i. E. in the middle of the diaphragm shaft - viewed in terms of their longitudinal extent along the axis of rotation - more light can pass through the diaphragm shaft as in the edge region. This is also related to the fact that the reflector basically concentrates the emerging light in a central region. As a result, in the middle of the photograph, above the blurred light-dark line, a bright spot of light arises, which disturbs the photograph and is perceived as unpleasant.

This light spot is in FIG. 5c represented and designated by the reference numeral 3002.

So that this light spot 3002 does not appear in the light image or is greatly reduced in brightness, according to the invention, seen in a central region of the diaphragm shaft 11, with respect to the longitudinal extent of the diaphragm shaft 11 along its axis of rotation 100, then to the focal line 21 for dimmed Light, a projecting from the focal line 21 for dimmed light and approximately in the circumferential or rotational direction of the diaphragm shaft 11 of an imaginary cylinder jacket 50 away projection 60 is provided, wherein the normal distance of the imaginary cylinder jacket 50 to the rotation axis 100 is less than or equal to the normal distance of the cylindrical lateral surface 51 of the diaphragm shaft 11, in which lies that portion of the focal line 21 for dimmed light, which has the smallest distance from the axis of rotation 100.

The lead is in the FIGS. 3a, 3b . 4a, 4b as well as in the FIGS. 5a and 5b clearly visible. The FIGS. 5a and 5b show an intermediate position of the diaphragm shaft 11 when switching between dimmed light and high beam with moving in the beam path projection 60th FIG. 5d shows the projection 60 in a vertical section through the headlight and FIG. 5e shows an enlarged view of the shaft in the region of the projection 60, which also shows the relationships with respect to the cylinder jackets 50, 51.

By providing a projection 60 according to the invention, that portion of the light image in which the unwanted light spot 3002 occurs can be shaded, ie those light beams emerging from the reflector over the central area of the aperture wave, which generate the light spot, are shaded.

FIG. 5d shows a beam S1, which is shadowed even without projection 60 of the diaphragm shaft 11. Higher emitting rays S2 - S4, which would produce the light spot 3002, are prevented from exiting the headlamp by the projection 60, while the higher but flat outgoing beam S5, which is non-critical in the light image, can easily exit the shaft ,

Due to the special inventive arrangement of the projection within an imaginary cylinder jacket 50 and thus below the focus (or the focal line) of the lens, the projection 60 is not sharply imaged in the light image, so that on the one hand greatly reduces the light spot or completely removed, but on the other hand No unwanted effects (like a sharp line) are generated.

The projection 60 lies with its optically effective surface maximum on height of the imaginary cylinder jacket 50, i. that no point of the projection 60 has a greater distance from the axis of rotation 100 than the imaginary cylinder jacket 50.

Preferably, in the circumferential direction away from the dimmed light focal line 21, the protrusion 60 is curved away from the imaginary cylinder jacket 50 in the direction of the rotation axis 100, as shown in FIG FIG. 5e easy to recognize.

The projection thus lies with its furthest away from the axis of rotation areas maximum on the imaginary cylinder jacket, and in a progression in the circumferential direction to the focal line for high beam towards the distance of these areas to the rotation axis still decreases. This results in a harmonious course in the light image in the area of the unwanted light spot when switching from dimmed light to high beam

In other words, it is advantageous if the front end 62 of the protrusion (nose) has a smaller distance to the shaft center or to the rotation axis of the diaphragm shaft than the rear end 61 (that end which faces the dimmed light focal line).

The base 61 of the nose 60 is thus at a maximum level of the focal line of the lens or below and is inclined towards the end 62 towards the axis of rotation of the aperture shaft.

Furthermore, it is provided in a specific embodiment of the headlight according to the invention that the projection 60 at its base 61, which is adjacent to the focal line 21 for dimmed light, wider than at its the base 61 opposite, parallel to the focal line 21 for dimmed light edge 62nd ( Figure 5a, 5b ).

This embodiment reflects the typical shape of the unwanted spot in the light image again, which is also wider in a lower area than in its higher area.

The size of the light spot and, correspondingly, the size of the projection depends essentially on the design of the reflector. Typical values for the extension of the protrusion are about +/- 10 ° at the base, while the "free" end of the protrusion in this case extends over about +/- 4 ° to the left / right. Thus, a light spot can cover at most the same extent. Ideally, the projection should be the same size or slightly larger than the light spot in order to completely cover it. It has been found to be appropriate for the projection to be approximately 1 ° -2 ° larger in comparison to the values for the light spot.

The legs 63, 64, which connect the base 61 with the opposite edge 62, in a specific embodiment of the invention are substantially rectilinear. Such a shape of the projection can be easily produced and is visually easier to calculate.

The flanks can, if necessary, but also have an inwardly or outwardly curved contour.

Normally, the light spot is symmetrical with respect to the optical axis of the system, and accordingly it is expedient if the projection 60 is also symmetrical with respect to the optical axis 200 of the headlight 1.

It should be noted that the projection 60 is not directly in the focus of the lens and thus not "sharp" is displayed.

Upon further rotation of the diaphragm shaft 11 is reached by the high beam distribution ( Figures 6a - 6c ) to a position of the diaphragm shaft for generating a partial high-beam light distribution 5000 with the course of the light-dark boundary corresponding to reference numeral 5001 (FIG. FIG. 7c ). The course of the focal line 23 for generating such a Teilfernlichtverteilung is in the FIGS. 7a and 7b to recognize. Depending on the rotational position of the shaft, the right shadow area can be varied in the range. The two horizontal, dashed lines with a distance (double arrow) to illustrate this. This is possible because the individual focal lines in the region 12a of the lateral surface of the diaphragm shaft have different normal distances from the axis of rotation 100.

The diaphragm shaft 11 thus has, like the FIGS. 7a and 7b show a portion of the lateral surface 12 for generating one or more focal lines 23 for Teilfernlicht. Each of the focal lines 23 for partial remote light has a first rectilinear focal line section 23a, which lies in a first cladding region 12a of the diaphragm shaft 11, which is curved in the rotational or circumferential direction of the diaphragm shaft 11, for example cylindrically shaped. As already mentioned, the individual focal lines in the region 12a of the lateral surface of the diaphragm shaft can have different normal distances to the axis of rotation 100, as a result of which the right-hand shadow region can be varied in its height.

A second rectilinear focal line section lies in a second, for example, essentially flat, jacket region 12b of the diaphragm shaft 11, the second jacket region 12b being at a smaller distance from the axis of rotation 100 than the curved jacket region 12a. The two jacket regions 12a, 12b are connected to one another via a jump surface 12c. The jacket region 12b then rises towards the edge of the diaphragm shaft, as can be seen from the figures.

The jump surface 12c is flat in the variant shown. A flat jump surface has the advantage that the light-dark line in the shaded area can be raised or lowered by twisting the shutter shaft (for this purpose, the lateral surface must be formed with differently high focal lines), but at the same time the transition to the high beam area in the Teilfernlichtverteilung remains unaffected , ie in this area, the light distribution does not change when the diaphragm shaft is rotated. In addition, the jump surface 12c is preferably perpendicular to the rotation axis 100 for the reason mentioned above, as it is FIGS. 6a and 6b can be seen.

Aperture shafts which, among other things, have one or more focal lines for partial remote light are known, for example from US Pat EP 2 157 362 A1 , but here with a curved jump surface. With partial high beam, the "normal" high beam distribution hides / shadows an area of the light distribution in which vehicles or persons are located. If, for example, the vehicle is traveling with high-beam distribution, for example due to high speed on the highway, and a vehicle appears on its own roadway in front of the vehicle, only that area of the light distribution in which this emerged vehicle is located can be darkened. A dimming as usual is not necessary in this case. Likewise, by means of partial high beams in oncoming traffic, this area can be darkened, in which the oncoming traffic vehicle is located, while the remaining area of the light distribution is illuminated in accordance with the "normal" high beam distribution.

To achieve such a light distribution, a diaphragm shaft has at least two focal line sections or two lateral regions as described above. In the vertical direction, the two focal line sections merge into one another via a jump. Inevitably, as a result of the spatial extent of the diaphragm shaft in the light exit direction thus results in a jump surface in the diaphragm shaft, which depending on the specific design of the focal lines for Teilfernlicht either flat or as well as from the EP 2 157 362 A1 may be formed curved.

In a flat, flat aperture such a jump in the focal line for the photo is unproblematic. In the case of a diaphragm wave, on the other hand, as a consequence of the spatial extent of the diaphragm and the jump surface resulting therefrom, unwanted effects appear in the light image; in particular, unwanted shading effects occur in the high beam region of the split beam distribution, especially when transitioning to a vertical HD line at the transition between the shaded region and the high beam area.

FIG. 7c shows the desired light image 5000 of a split-beam distribution with the light-dark boundary 5001 without unwanted effects in the light image. In fact, however, the jump surface produces undesirable effects, namely shading near the vertical line in the cut-off line. A division long-distance distribution 7000 with such an effect is FIG. 10c 4, the cross-hatched area in the light distribution schematically represents that part in the light image 7000 which is shaded.

The bright-dark boundary 7001 'of the split-beam distribution 7000 differs from that FIG. 7c insofar as here the shaft is in a slightly different rotational position, with a lower right shadow area and a shadow area extending farther to the right; the shadow area extending further to the left is achieved by the curve light function of the headlight, for example by pivoting the lens. This is noted only marginally, the actual problematic as in FIG. 10c shown cross-hatched basically results in basically every position for Teilfernlicht.

The diaphragm shaft 11 is now modified to reduce or eliminate these unwanted shadows in the high beam region of the split beam distribution by providing one or more recesses 70 in the jump surface 12c.

By means of these depressions 70 on the jump surface 12c, light beams which are otherwise blocked and do not reach the outer space can be controlled into the outer space reach and illuminate the otherwise undesirable shaded area. The jump surface 12c with the recesses 70 is in detail in the FIGS. 10a and 10b shown.

Optionally, light rays can enter the area to be illuminated in the outer space of the headlamp, if the at least one recess 70 is formed extending in the light exit direction, in particular, when the diaphragm shaft is in a rotational position in which a focal line for partial remote light is optically effective, ie whose focal line is imaged in the light image as an HD line (the light-dark line being sharply imaged only in that area in which light is shaded).

It is particularly advantageous in the production and for the controlled passage of the desired light beams, if the one or more depressions 70 are designed as elongated, continuous depressions 70 directed in the light exit direction, as this is FIG. 10a and 10b can be seen.

Oblong means that the depressions are longer than they are wider; the recesses are formed in the form of grooves 70 in the jump surface 12c; the edges or areas between two grooves are at the same height as the rest of the jump surface.

Preferably, the at least one recess 70 extends from a front, the reflector 3 facing away from the end 78 of the diaphragm shaft 11 toward the rear in the direction of the reflector 3 facing the end 79. A entering into a recess / groove light beam can pass through the depression in this way and on End 78 of the recess 70 emerge from this and get into the exterior of the headlamp ( FIG. 10b ).

In a specific embodiment of the invention has been found that it is optimal for an illumination of the undesired shaded area when the at least one recess 70 extends to approximately in the middle M - seen in the light exit direction - the jump surface 12c diaphragm shaft 11.

A straight line G, as in FIG. 10b shown, which limits the grooves 70 to the rear, towards the center, results by cutting a plane which passes through the axis of rotation 100 of the diaphragm shaft 11 and an optically effective focal line for Teilfernlicht in the region of the curved lateral surface 12a. Grooves are not necessary behind this line G since they do not produce a lighting effect.

In a specific embodiment of the invention, the elongated recesses 70 Seen in the light exit direction increasing cross-sectional areas Q, as for example FIG. 10d shows. For example, the grooves become wider toward their free, lens-facing end.

Furthermore, it can be provided that at least two adjacent elongated depressions 70 adjoin one another directly. The recesses / grooves are separated in this case by a sharp edge or by a rounded transition (the highest point of the transition is on the jump surface or is part of the jump surface). The FIGS. 10e and 10f show such grooves with sharp-edged transitions.

Additionally or alternatively, it can also be provided that at least two adjacent elongated recesses 70 are spaced from each other. The groove-shaped recesses are separated by a distance, which can also vary along the grooves. In general, the area between the recesses in this case is flat (in the case of a flat jump surface), or it is again provided a rounded transition.

The distance between two grooves may change over the length of the grooves, see FIG. 10d as the cross sections Q increase.

Rounded area between the grooves 70 shows Figure 10g while the Figures 10h and 10i Grooves with surface transitions show.

Furthermore, in one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the elongated depressions extend parallel to one another. However, the depressions can also run apart, for example, in the direction of the lens.

In a variant of the invention may also be provided that the recesses 70 are formed at least partially different depths, see, for example FIG. 10f ,

Furthermore, it can be provided that an elongated depression 70, viewed over its length, has different depths.

For example, the groove becomes deeper toward the lens. The grooves may be less deep on the reflector side than on the lens side.

Furthermore, it can also be provided that different elongated depressions have different depths.

Different grooves need not be equally deep, but also there may be variations, eg it has been found that it can be advantageous if the deepest groove is located furthest up, ie with the greatest distance to the axis of rotation ( FIG. 10f ). In addition, of course, the depth of a groove vary over its length.

In the vertical direction, the recesses 70 extend in the jump surface 12c over a range which corresponds to about one third to two thirds of the height of the jump surface. The "height" of the jump surface is the normal distance between the second lateral surface 12b and the highest focal line in the first lateral surface 12a.

In order to produce no undesired lighting effects in the light distribution, it has proven advantageous if the region over which the recesses 70 extend in the jump surface 12c, of the first lateral surface 12a and / or the second lateral surface (12b), preferably of both Lateral surfaces 12a, 12b is spaced.

The grooves extend approximately equally far up and down. The whole surface is not provided with grooves. The grooves are preferably located approximately in the middle third of the surface. If one rilled the entire surface, the effect of a light concentration would occur in the darkened region, in particular above the cross-hatched region in FIG FIG. 10c on.

As already mentioned, a partial high-beam distribution can still be moved horizontally by means of a curve light function (pivoting of the lens or the entire module) of the headlight. As a result, the range of functions is further increased. It may also be possible to further vary the height of the entire light image by means of the LWR function (LWR = headlamp leveling control) of the headlamp.

The FIGS. 8a and 8b show a straight, continuous focal line 24 of the diaphragm shaft, the light image 6000 thus generated with associated light-dark boundary 6001 is in FIG. 8c shown. The symmetrical light distribution shown here can be used for example for a tourist solution or as city light (at low speeds).

The FIGS. 9d and 9a finally show yet another inventive modification of the diaphragm shaft 11, which is particularly important in (dynamic) cornering light of importance. This modification is shown only in these figures, in which FIGS. 9b and 9c for example, this is not shown.

To generate a dynamic cornering light, the lens 4 can about a vertical axis 300, which preferably passes through the focal point of the lens 4 and a focal point of the reflector 3, are pivoted to the left and right.

For generating a dynamic cornering light, it is known to make the lens of a projection headlight about a vertical axis to the left and right pivot. By pivoting the lens and the light image is pivoted in accordance with the steering angle.

If a diaphragm arrangement is located in the beam path, it has been found that, in particular in a position of the diaphragm arrangement for producing low beam or dimmed light, the pivoting of the lens generally leads to undesirable effects in the light distribution, which occur particularly on the side of the lens Oncoming traffic, where a larger part of the light distribution is shaded, show. In the case of a headlight for a right-hand drive vehicle, in particular when the lens is pivoted to the left, that is to say in the direction of oncoming traffic, such unwanted effects in the light distribution leading to dazzling of oncoming traffic occur.

FIG. 9e Figure 11 shows a low beam figure 1000 '(light and dark boundary 1001') with a crosshatched area 1002 'which would be illuminated as a result of lens pivoting and possibly dazzle oncoming traffic.

According to the invention, the diaphragm shaft 11 which extends in the circumferential direction, i. seen in the direction of rotation, in a defined rotation angle range δ, a lateral surface 12 with a configuration for forming a focal zone for two or more focal lines 20, 21 for dimmed light, wherein a focal line for dimmed light at least a first focal line section 20a, 21a for generating a bright-dark boundary of a light image on the oncoming traffic side and at least a second focal line section 20b, 21b for generating a light-dark boundary of a light image on the vehicle side, in a region of the at least one first focal line section 20a, 21a of a dimmed light focal line at least one projection 80 opposite these first focal line sections 20a, 21a of adjacent focal lines 20, 21 for dimmed light.

The elevation 80 represents a modification of the lateral surface of the diaphragm shaft and thus of the focal line, and one or more further focal lines 20 'result with sections 20a', 20b ', 20c' and 20d '. While focal line areas 20b 'and 20c' are substantially the same as those of adjacent portions 20b, 20c and 21b, 21c, respectively, portion 20a 'is only partially substantially the same as portion 20a or 21a and the region 20a 'is then modified in the region of the elevation 80 to form a deviating focal line section 20d'.

Points of the focal line 20d 'in the region of the elevation 80 have a greater distance from the axis of rotation 100 than the other points of the focal line of this focal line section, and the distance of these points to the axis of rotation of the diaphragm shaft increases when approaching the edge R of the diaphragm shaft ,

When the lens is swiveled in the direction of the side which does not have an elevation 80 (in the case of a right-hand traffic light, the negative effects resulting from a pivoting of the lens to the left, the elevation is applied to the right-hand side) can be determined by the elevation 80 are hidden by the unwanted unwanted light fading out, so that even when pivoted lens results in a law-compliant light image.

Turning the shaft to a position (another dimming position of the shaft) where the elevation comes in the beam path, this cross-hatched area can be cut off from a lighting.

This clipping can be done dynamically, since the disturbances only occur with cornering light and depend on the tilt angle of the lens (the negative effect in the light image increases with increasing tilt angle of the lens). At low Linsenverschwenkung only a smaller part must be cut, the cross-hatched triangle thus runs flatter and the survey on the shaft does not have to be completely in the beam path.

Accordingly, it may be advantageous if the survey 80 seen in the longitudinal direction of the diaphragm shaft 11, as in FIG. 9a and 9d illustrated, starting at a distance from the center of the diaphragm shaft 11, to the edge R of the diaphragm shaft 11 increases.

By rising to the edge elevation increasing with increasing tilt angle of the lens disturbance in the photograph can be compensated.

The elevation 80 or its focal line 20d 'is no longer sharply imaged in the light image. The farther outward you look at the wave, the fuzzier it becomes, because the focal line of the lens is not a straight line but a curve. The same applies to the survey.

In a concrete headlamp having a focal line for asymmetrical low beam, in a dimmed light focal line 20, 21, the first focal line portion 20a, 21a for the light-dark boundary of light distribution on the oncoming traffic side is straight and parallel to the rotation axis 100, and a second focal line section 20b, 21b for the light-dark boundary on the vehicle side also runs straight and parallel to the rotation axis 100, wherein the first focal line portion 20a has a greater normal distance to the rotation axis 100 than the second focal line portion 20b. In the first focal line section, the elevation 80 is provided according to the invention; in the second section no survey is provided.

In another symmetrical low beam headlamp, the first focal line section for the bright-dark boundary of the oncoming traffic side and a second focal line section for a light-dark boundary on the vehicle side form a continuous straight line parallel to the rotation axis of the shutter shaft. In such a headlamp is provided that in each case at least one survey is provided in both focal sections, so that it can be used both in right and left traffic as low beam headlamps with pivoting lens to produce a dynamic cornering light.

The symmetrical dipped beam serves as a city light or as a tourist solution. Especially with a tourist solution surveys can be provided on both sides. As a result, the disturbing (not permitted) beams are hidden when driving through left and right curves.

In a variant of the invention it is provided that the distance at which the elevation begins is approximately as far away from the center of the diaphragm shaft as corresponds to 5 ° in the light pattern of the light distribution ( FIG. 9e ). This is the area from which the first undesired light effects in the light image typically result when the lens is pivoted, which can be correspondingly compensated for with a survey that starts in this area. Basically, however, the elevation can already begin in the middle of the shaft (the center of the shaft with respect to the longitudinal extent of the shaft along the axis of rotation results from the intersection of a vertical plane through the optical axis with the diaphragm shaft), or even substantially further start outside.

Furthermore, as shown provided that the survey 80 has its greatest distance from the axis of rotation 100 in the edge region or at the edge R of the diaphragm shaft 11.

If the vehicle drives into a curve, the shutter shaft is slowly (dynamically) rotated so on, that the survey comes ever further into the beam path. This does not happen abruptly but depending on the tilt angle of the lens. At full steering angle (about 15 ° - 20 °) is then the entire survey with its highest points in the beam path.

Accordingly, it is expedient if the elevation is arranged such that its highest points are imaged on the edge or shortly before reaching the edge of the light distribution. For example, the maximum of the survey could be imaged in a range of about 45 ° in the light distribution.

Except for the tilt angle of the lens, angles refer without exception to the projected light image. How these angle data in the photo then represent on the shaft itself, depends on the lens used.

For example, the elevation 80 rises linearly toward the edge R.

It is fundamentally important for the lateral surface of the diaphragm shaft to have at least one "normal" focal line without elevation and at least one focal line with an elevation in a region for producing a dimmed light figure. The survey is on the one hand only in a (counter to the direction of oncoming traffic) pivoted lens necessary, i. when cornering, the focal line is activated with the survey, while driving straight ahead, the survey is not needed and is even disturbing because it would then cut off parts of the light distribution, which are necessary to meet the specifications of the photograph.

For manufacturing reasons - a single focal line with survey is difficult to produce - is now provided that the survey 80 in the circumferential direction has a spatial extent ( FIG. 9a ). The survey 80 is therefore not in the form of a narrow focal line, but the survey has in the rotational or circumferential direction of the shaft to an extent.

This is not only important in terms of manufacturing, but also in terms of the photograph. Typically, the spatial extent will not be realized in a step-like elevation, but over a continuous increase in the circumferential direction to its highest points (ridge). Correspondingly, it is also possible to switch on the elevation during a pivoting of the lens "gently", without abrupt jumps in the light distribution.

In the above sense, it is therefore also when in section planes through the survey 80 normal to the axis of rotation 100, the survey is convexly curved. In particular, it is advantageous if the convex curvature corresponds to a circle segment, since optically identical results can be achieved here even with inaccurate positioning by the drive. A circle segment is also easy to manufacture. The curvature could also be elliptical.

Furthermore, a trapezoidal course would be conceivable, but the feasibility then depends on the positioning accuracy of the drive.

In a variant of the invention, which allows a simple control of the diaphragm shaft, it is provided that the normal in sectional planes through the survey 80 on the axis of rotation 100 at the highest points of the survey 80 at a projection in a horizontal plane through the axis of rotation 100 a straight line form.

This means, if one connects the highest points of the cuts along the longitudinal extent of the wave - these form the ridge of the elevation - that these lie on a straight line; this straight line is preferably parallel to a focal line for dimmed light and in particular preferably parallel to the axis of rotation.

However, it can also be provided that the cutting planes through the elevation 80 normal to the axis of rotation 100 at the highest points of the survey 80 in a projection in a horizontal plane through the axis of rotation 100 form a curved curve.

In a specific embodiment of the invention is further provided that the survey over the entire first focal line section or - in a headlight for right and left traffic - over the entire focal line extends (not shown).

The distance in which the elevation starts from the center of the diaphragm shaft (viewed in the longitudinal direction) is therefore zero in this case.

In a variant of the invention, the highest points of the survey all the same distance from the axis of rotation 100 of the diaphragm shaft 11. The elevation is thus essentially formed as a straight line, i. one or more straight focal line (s) for dimmed light is higher, ie with a greater distance to the axis of rotation, than the other, "normal" focal lines for dipped beam, which are activated when driving straight ahead.

The exact contour of the survey depends mainly on the reflector design. It is also conceivable a stepped survey. Or a rising from the middle of the wave outward first and then falling again survey.

The bill presented here complies with legal requirements such as ECE (Europe), SAE (USA, Canada) and JIS (Japan).

Claims (16)

1. A headlamp (1) for vehicles, comprising a reflector (3), a lens (4) and a diaphragm shaft (11) which is disposed between the reflector (3) and the lens (4) and which is adjustable in two or more rotational positions about a rotational axis (100) extending horizontally and transversely to the optical axis (200), and with the jacket surface (12) of the diaphragm shaft (11) having at least one focal line (20, 21) for each rotational position which produces a cut-off (1001, 2001) of a light distribution (1000, 2000), with the lens (4) being pivotable about a vertical axis (300) which preferably extends through the focal point of the lens (4) or a focal point of the reflector (3) for generating a dynamic cornering light, wherein
   the diaphragm shaft (11) comprises a jacket surface (12) with a configuration for forming a focal line region for two or more focal lines (20, 20', 21) for cut-off light in the circumferential direction, i.e. as seen in the rotational direction, in a defined rotational angle range (δ),
   with a focal line for cut-off light comprising at least one first focal line section (20a, 20a', 21a) for generating a cut-off of a light image on the side of the oncoming traffic and at least one second focal line section (20b, 20b', 21b) for generating a cut-off of a light image on the vehicle side,
   and with the
   diaphragm shaft (11) comprising at least one elevation (80) opposite of first focal line sections (20a, 21a) of adjacent focal lines (20, 21) for cut-off light at least in a region of the at least one first focal line section (20a') of a focal line (20') for cut-off light.
2. A headlamp according to claim 1, characterized in that in a focal line (20, 21) for cut-off light
   *) the first focal line section (20a, 21a) for the cut-off of light distribution on the side of oncoming traffic extends in a straight line and parallel to the rotational axis (100), and
   *) a second focal line section (20b, 21b) for the cut-off on the vehicle side also extends in a straight line and parallel to the rotational axis (100), with the first focal line section (20a) having a larger normal distance from the rotational axis (100) than the second focal line section (20b).
3. A headlamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the first focal line section for the cut-off of the oncoming traffic side and a second focal line section for a cut-off on the vehicle side form a continuous straight line, parallel to the rotational axis (100) of the diaphragm shaft (11).
4. A headlamp according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one elevation each is provided in the two focal line sections.
5. A headlamp according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the distance in which the elevation starts is spaced away from the middle of the diaphragm shaft to such an extent as corresponds to 5° in the light image of the light distribution.
6. A headlamp according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, when seen in the longitudinal direction of the diaphragm shaft (11), the elevation (80) rises towards the edge (R) of the diaphragm shaft (11), starting at a distance from the middle of the diaphragm shaft (11).
7. A headlamp according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the elevation (80) has its largest distance from the rotational axis (100) in the boundary region or at the edge (R) of the diaphragm shaft.
8. A headlamp according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the elevation (80) is provided at least in a boundary region (R) of the diaphragm shaft.
9. A headlamp according to one of the claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the elevation (80) rises linearly towards the edge (R).
10. A headlamp according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the elevation (80) has a spatial expansion in the circumferential direction.
11. A headlamp according to claim 10, characterized in that the elevation is curved in a convex manner in intersecting planes through the elevation (80) normally to the rotational axis (100).
12. A headlamp according to claim 11, characterized in that the convex curvature corresponds to the segment of a circle.
13. A headlamp according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the points of the elevation (80) which are situated highest in intersecting planes through the elevation (80) normally to the rotational axis (100) form a straight line in a projection in a horizontal plane through the rotational axis (100).
14. A headlamp according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the points of the elevation (80) which are situated highest in intersecting planes through the elevation (80) normally to the rotational axis (100) form a bent curve in a projection in a horizontal plane through the rotational axis (100).
15. A headlamp according to one of the claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the elevation extends over the entire first focal line section (20a, 21a) or over the entire focal line.
16. A headlamp according to claim 15, characterized in that the highest points of the elevation all have the same distance from the rotational axis (100) of the diaphragm shaft.

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