EP2375212B1 - Barrel for firearms - Google Patents

Barrel for firearms Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2375212B1
EP2375212B1 EP11450040.8A EP11450040A EP2375212B1 EP 2375212 B1 EP2375212 B1 EP 2375212B1 EP 11450040 A EP11450040 A EP 11450040A EP 2375212 B1 EP2375212 B1 EP 2375212B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
barrel
temperature
projectiles
firearms
hardness
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EP11450040.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2375212A2 (en
EP2375212A3 (en
EP2375212B8 (en
Inventor
Devrim Caliskanoglu
Herbert Schweiger
Ingo Siller
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Voestalpine Boehler Edelstahl GmbH and Co KG
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Boehler Edelstahl GmbH
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Application filed by Boehler Edelstahl GmbH filed Critical Boehler Edelstahl GmbH
Priority to SI201131370T priority Critical patent/SI2375212T1/en
Priority to PL11450040T priority patent/PL2375212T3/en
Priority to RS20171297A priority patent/RS56662B1/en
Publication of EP2375212A2 publication Critical patent/EP2375212A2/en
Publication of EP2375212A3 publication Critical patent/EP2375212A3/en
Publication of EP2375212B1 publication Critical patent/EP2375212B1/en
Priority to HRP20171994TT priority patent/HRP20171994T1/en
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Publication of EP2375212B8 publication Critical patent/EP2375212B8/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/20—Barrels or gun tubes characterised by the material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
    • C21D9/10—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes shotgun barrels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a projectile barrel of firearms, esp. Of lightweight handguns.
  • a projectile barrel is exposed in the practical use of the weapon high mechanical and thermal loads.
  • a sudden gas pressure load of the pipe or a tensile load of the pipe wall during firing requires a high yield strength or high strength of the drive material with good toughness properties.
  • EP 0 939 140 A1 a hot work tool, which reduces the mechanical properties at higher temperatures by narrowly limiting the contaminants and accompanying elements.
  • the object of the invention is, starting from the prior art, to provide an improved projectile barrel of firearms of a new material for this, which is alloyed and balanced after a thermal tempering a required strength or minimum hardness of greater than 47 ⁇ 1 HRC, a high toughness in the temperature range of -50 to + 500 ° C and higher and thus has a safety potential against brittle fracture even at a wall thickness minimization.
  • the projectile barrel of a deformed material having a chemical composition of in wt .-% Salary C Si Mn P S Cr Not a word Ni V W Ti As + Sn + Sb Fe min 12:28 12:08 12:15 3.6 1.2 12:42 rest Max 12:36 12:26 12:35 0005 0002 4.4 1.8 ⁇ 0.5 0.5 12:15 12:08 0007 and melting-related impurities is formed, wherein the thermally coated gun barrel material has a hardness of 46 to 48 HRC.
  • the new weapon barrel material has highly effective differences in the concentrations of the elements C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, Ni and V, the steel pests As, Sn, Sb in their max. Concentration are significantly reduced.
  • the main focus of the novel alloy for a gun barrel according to the invention was an increase in the tensile strength or yield strength at temperatures above approximately 300 ° C.
  • an advantageously thin or lightweight projectile barrel at least in the region of the inner surface, heats up to more than 400 to 450 ° C., whereby the material strength and the wear resistance of previously used projectile barrel materials drops sharply and general problems with the increased quality requirements increase Temperatures at these brings.
  • this has a lower C content, which has a favorable influence on the hardening behavior and, with a standard tempering technology, provides sufficient hardness values.
  • the Si content is limited to low values, which at best cause deoxidation of the melt with certainty.
  • An increased Cr and Mo content compared with the tempering steel has a favorable effect on the tempering behavior of the material and on its high-temperature properties.
  • the degassing of the liquid steel takes place at a pressure of less than 5 mbar (500 Pa), preferably 1 mbar (100 Pa) and below.
  • a method for producing a gun barrel of aforementioned chemical composition has been found to be particularly advantageous and efficient, according to which a thermal treatment is carried out as a vacuum heat treatment, in which at least one hardening with a forced cooling of a temperature higher as 940 ° C, but lower than 995 ° C, with a holding time to hardening temperature after a partial heating of at least 20 min. takes place and at least two tempering of the hardness structure at a temperature of greater than 575 ° C is performed.
  • Table 1 shows a tempered steel V320, a hot-work steel W300 and a steel W381 according to the invention for weapon tubes with the contents of alloying elements, the residual content being essentially iron: quality C Si Mn P S Cr Not a word Ni V W Ti As + Sn + Sb V320 min 0.4 0.2 0.6 1.0 12:15 0.2 Max 12:44 12:35 0.8 0025 0002 1.2 12:25 0.3 0.1 0.1 12:05 12:01 W300 min 12:36 0.9 0.3 4.8 1.1 0.3 Max 0.4 1.2 0.5 0025 0002 5.2 1.3 0.4 0.5 0.1 12:05 12:01 W381 min 12:28 12:08 12:15 3.6 1.2 12:42 Max 12:36 12:26 12:35 0005 0002 4.4 1.8 12:18 0.5 12:15 12:08 12:07
  • Fig. 1 shows the curve of the tensile strength R m with increasing temperature up to 600 ° C.
  • the strength R m is significantly reduced at the tempering steel V320 even at a temperature above 200 ° C and from about 390 ° C after repeated heating no longer meets the current requirements for a projectile material.
  • the material W381 according to the invention and the hot-work steel W300 only show a drop in tensile strength below the required limit above a temperature of about 500 ° C.
  • Fig. 2 conveys the course of the material toughness above the temperature in the range of -40 and + 200 ° C.
  • the hot-work steel W300 has lower toughness values overall and that above a temperature of below 20 ° C. a brittle fracture tendency of the material is dominant.
  • the tempered steel V320 shows a tough fracture behavior under impact stress of parts of this, wherein the material according to the invention W381 has only slightly lower toughness values at the individual temperatures.
  • the projectile barrel according to the invention comprises a material W381, which has a much greater tensile strength and hardness than the commonly used tempered steel V320 on the one hand at higher temperatures, which material W381 on the other hand at low temperatures to -40 ° C has a much higher viscosity potential.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
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Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Geschoßlauf von Feuerwaffen, insb. von leichtgewichtigen Handfeuerwaffen.The invention relates to a projectile barrel of firearms, esp. Of lightweight handguns.

Ein Geschoßlauf ist im praktischen Einsatz der Waffe hohen mechanischen und thermischen Belastungen ausgesetzt. Eine schlagartige Gasdruckbelastung des Rohres bzw. eine Zugbelastung der Rohrwand beim Schuss erfordert eine hohe Streckgrenze bzw. hohe Festigkeit des Laufwerkstoffes bei guten Zähigkeitseigenschaften.A projectile barrel is exposed in the practical use of the weapon high mechanical and thermal loads. A sudden gas pressure load of the pipe or a tensile load of the pipe wall during firing requires a high yield strength or high strength of the drive material with good toughness properties.

Dem Stand der Technik gemäß werden als Laufwerkstoffe erprobte, hochzähe Vergütungsstähle eingesetzt, welche überdies wirtschaftlich verfügbar sind. Als Werkstoffhärte dieses thermisch vergüteten Rohrteiles wird zumeist eine solche von 47 ± 1 HRC gefordert, was etwa einer Zugfestigkeit im Bereich 1030 bis 1125 N/mm2 entspricht. Aus JP 2000-80444 ist eine Stahllegierung für einen Geschoßlauf mit einer Härte von 28-36 HRc und einer Zähigkeit bei -40°C von mindestens 20 J/cm2 bekannt.According to the state of the art, proven, high-tensile tempering steels are used as drive materials, which are also economically available. The material hardness of this thermally tempered pipe part is usually required to be 47 ± 1 HRC, which corresponds approximately to a tensile strength in the range 1030 to 1125 N / mm 2 . Out JP 2000-80444 For example, a steel alloy is known for a gun barrel having a hardness of 28-36 HRc and a toughness at -40 ° C of at least 20 J / cm 2 .

Darüber hinaus offenbart EP 0 939 140 A1 einen Warmarbeitsstahl, bei dem durch enge Begrenzung der Verunreinigungs- und Begleitelemente der Abfall der mechanischen Eigenschaften bei höheren Temperaturen verringert wird.In addition revealed EP 0 939 140 A1 a hot work tool, which reduces the mechanical properties at higher temperatures by narrowly limiting the contaminants and accompanying elements.

Im Rahmen einer Leistungssteigerung, Güteverbesserung und Erhöhung der Sicherheit werden gesteigerte Anforderungen an den Geschoßlauf von Feuerwaffen und derart an den Werkstoff der Rohrteile gestellt. Dies ergibt sich hauptsächlich aus erhöhten Gasdruckbelastungen durch neue Munitionskonzepte und geringeren Laufwandstärken zur Gewichtsreduktion von modernen Waffen.As part of an increase in performance, quality improvement and increase in safety increased demands are placed on the projectile barrel of firearms and so on the material of the pipe parts. This results mainly from increased gas pressure loads through new ammunition concepts and lower wall thicknesses for weight reduction of modern weapons.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist, ausgehend vom Stand der Technik, einen verbesserten Geschoßlauf von Feuerwaffen aus einem neuen Werkstoff für diesen zu schaffen, welcher legierungstechnisch ausgewogen ist und nach einer thermischen Vergütung eine geforderte Festigkeit bzw. Mindesthärte von größer 47 ± 1 HRC, eine hohe Zähigkeit im Temperaturbereich von -50 bis +500°C und höher hat und derart ein Sicherheitspotential gegen Sprödbruch auch bei einer Wandstärkenminimierung aufweist.The object of the invention is, starting from the prior art, to provide an improved projectile barrel of firearms of a new material for this, which is alloyed and balanced after a thermal tempering a required strength or minimum hardness of greater than 47 ± 1 HRC, a high toughness in the temperature range of -50 to + 500 ° C and higher and thus has a safety potential against brittle fracture even at a wall thickness minimization.

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung gelöst, wenn der Geschoßlauf aus einem verformten Werkstoff mit einer chemischen Zusammensetzung von in Gew.-% Ge-halt C Si Mn P S Cr Mo Ni V W Ti As+ Sn+Sb Fe Min 0.28 0.08 0.15 3.6 1.2 0.42 Rest Max 0.36 0.26 0.35 0.005 0.002 4.4 1.8 <0.5 0.5 0.15 0.08 0.007 sowie erschmelzungsbedingte Verunreinigungen gebildet ist, wobei der thermisch vergütete Geschoßlauf-Werkstoff eine Härte von 46 bis 48 HRC aufweist.This object is achieved according to the invention when the projectile barrel of a deformed material having a chemical composition of in wt .-% Salary C Si Mn P S Cr Not a word Ni V W Ti As + Sn + Sb Fe min 12:28 12:08 12:15 3.6 1.2 12:42 rest Max 12:36 12:26 12:35 0005 0002 4.4 1.8 <0.5 0.5 12:15 12:08 0007 and melting-related impurities is formed, wherein the thermally coated gun barrel material has a hardness of 46 to 48 HRC.

Im Vergleich mit einer bisher vorwiegend verwendeten Legierung für einen Geschoßlauf mit einer in weiten Grenzen gebildeten Zusammensetzung von in Gew.-% C = 0.42, Si = 0.3, Mn = 0.7, P max. 0.025, S max. 0.01, Cr = 1.1, Mo = 0.2, Ni = 0.25, V max. 0.1, W max. 0.1, Ti max. 0.1 weist das neue Waffenrohrmaterial hochwirksame Unterschiede in den Konzentrationen der Elemente C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, Ni und V auf, wobei die Stahlschädlinge As, Sn, Sb in ihrer max. Konzentration wesentlich verringert sind.In comparison with a previously predominantly used alloy for a projectile barrel with a composition formed in wide limits of in wt .-% C = 0.42, Si = 0.3, Mn = 0.7, P max. 0.025, S max. 0.01, Cr = 1.1, Mo = 0.2, Ni = 0.25, V max. 0.1, W max. 0.1, Ti max. 0.1, the new weapon barrel material has highly effective differences in the concentrations of the elements C, Si, Mn, P, S, Cr, Mo, Ni and V, the steel pests As, Sn, Sb in their max. Concentration are significantly reduced.

Hauptaugenmerk bei der neuen erfindungsgemäßen Legierung für einen Geschoßlauf war eine Erhöhung der Zugfestigkeit bzw. Dehngrenze bei Temperaturen über ca. 300°C. Bei kurzer Schussfolge erwärmt sich insb. ein vorteilhaft dünnes bzw. leichtgewichtiges Geschoßlaufrohr zumindest im Bereich der Innenoberfläche auf über 400 bis 450°C, wodurch die Materialfestigkeit und der Verschleißwiderstand von bisher verwendeten Geschoßrohr-Werkstoffen stark sinkt und allgemeine Probleme mit den gesteigerten Güteanforderungen bei erhöhten Temperaturen an diesen mit sich bringt.The main focus of the novel alloy for a gun barrel according to the invention was an increase in the tensile strength or yield strength at temperatures above approximately 300 ° C. In the case of a short firing sequence, in particular an advantageously thin or lightweight projectile barrel, at least in the region of the inner surface, heats up to more than 400 to 450 ° C., whereby the material strength and the wear resistance of previously used projectile barrel materials drops sharply and general problems with the increased quality requirements increase Temperatures at these brings.

Werden jedoch stattdessen übliche Warmarbeitsstähle, die oft bis 500°C und auch wesentlich darüber, hohe Werkstoffhärtewerte im vergüteten Zustand aufweisen, für Waffenrohre eingesetzt, so ist zwar deren Hochtemperaturverhalten äußerst günstig, allerdings sind die Zähigkeitswerte vergleichsweise niedrig und die Übergangstemperatur von zähem Bruch zum Sprödbruch des Werkstoffes (FATT) liegt im Wesentlichen im Bereich von +60 bis 0°C.However, if conventional hot-work tool steels, which often have high material hardness values up to 500 ° C. and are also used for gun barrels, their high-temperature behavior is extremely favorable, but the toughness values are comparatively low and the transition temperature from tough breakage to brittle fracture of the material (FATT) is essentially in the range of +60 to 0 ° C.

Die Nachteile des Vergütungsstahles einerseits und diejenigen eines Warmarbeitsstahles andererseits werden durch die Zusammensetzung des erfindungsgemäßen Geschoßwerkstoffes überwunden.The disadvantages of tempered steel on the one hand and those of one Hot working steel, on the other hand, are overcome by the composition of the projectile material according to the invention.

Dieser weist im Vergleich mit den genannten Legierungen einen niedrigeren C-Gehalt auf, der das Härteverhalten günstig beeinflusst und bei einer Standard-Vergütetechnologie ausreichende Härtewerte erbringt.In comparison with the abovementioned alloys, this has a lower C content, which has a favorable influence on the hardening behavior and, with a standard tempering technology, provides sufficient hardness values.

Aus Gründen der Werkstoffzähigkeit im Tieftemperaturbereich ist der Si-Gehalt auf niedrige Werte, die allenfalls eine Desoxidation der Schmelze mit Sicherheit bewirken, beschränkt.For reasons of material toughness in the low temperature range, the Si content is limited to low values, which at best cause deoxidation of the melt with certainty.

Niedrige Werte von Mn sind unter der Bedingung von niedrigen S-Gehalten vorteilhaft.Low values of Mn are advantageous under the condition of low S contents.

Ein gegenüber dem Vergütungsstahl erhöhter Cr- und Mo-Gehalt wirkt sich günstig auf das Vergüteverhalten des Werkstoffes und auf dessen Hochtemperatureigenschaften aus.An increased Cr and Mo content compared with the tempering steel has a favorable effect on the tempering behavior of the material and on its high-temperature properties.

Entscheidend sind, wie gefunden wurde, niedrige Ni-Konzentrationen für ein verbessertes Wasserstoff-induziertes Tieftemperaturverhalten der Legierung.Decisive, it has been found, are low Ni concentrations for improved hydrogen-induced low-temperature behavior of the alloy.

Bei Nickelgehalten der erfindungsgemäßen Legierung unmittelbar unter 0.5 Gew.-% kann es von Vorteil sein, wenn im Herstellverfahren des Werkstoffes eine Vakuumbehandlung der Schmelze durchgeführt wird. Üblicherweise erfolgt dabei die Entgasung des flüssigen Stahles bei einem Druck von unter 5 mbar (500 Pa), vorzugsweise von 1 m bar (100 Pa) und darunter.In the case of nickel contents of the alloy according to the invention directly below 0.5% by weight, it may be advantageous if a vacuum treatment of the melt is carried out in the production process of the material. Usually, the degassing of the liquid steel takes place at a pressure of less than 5 mbar (500 Pa), preferably 1 mbar (100 Pa) and below.

Geringe Nickelkonzentrationen von unter 0.18 Gew.-% und insb. von 0.1 Gew.-% der Legierung erübrigen eine teure Vakuumbehandlung allenfalls.Low nickel concentrations of less than 0.18% by weight and in particular of 0.1% by weight of the alloy make an expensive vacuum treatment unnecessary at best.

Weiters ist von wesentlicher Bedeutung für eine hohe Zähigkeit des Werkstoffes dessen niedrige Gehalte an As, Sn und Sb.Furthermore, it is essential for a high toughness of the material whose low contents of As, Sn and Sb.

Von besonderem Vorteil für ein Erreichen höchster Gütewerte ist, wenn der Geschoßlauf aus einem oben genannten Werkstoff, der zumindest ein Element in der Konzentration in Gew.-% von Ge-halt C Si Mn P S Cr Mo Ni V W Ti As+ Sn+Sb Fe Min 0.3 0.1 0.2 3.8 1.4 0.44 Rest Max 0.34 0.2 0.3 0.005 0.001 4.2 1.6 0.1 0.48 0.1 0.05 0.005 aufweist, besteht.Of particular advantage for achieving highest quality values is when the projectile barrel of a material mentioned above, the at least one element in the concentration in wt .-% of Salary C Si Mn P S Cr Not a word Ni V W Ti As + Sn + Sb Fe min 0.3 0.1 0.2 3.8 1.4 12:44 rest Max 12:34 0.2 0.3 0005 0001 4.2 1.6 0.1 12:48 0.1 12:05 0005 has.

Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Geschoßlaufes von Feuerwaffen mit vorgenannter, chemischer Zusammensetzung hat sich als besonders vorteilhaft und effizient herausgestellt, nach welchem eine thermische Vergütung als Vakuum-Wärmebehandlung durchgeführt wird, bei welcher ein mind. einmaliges Härten mit einer forcierten Abkühlung von einer Temperatur von höher als 940°C, jedoch niedriger als 995°C, mit einer Haltezeit auf Härtetemperatur nach einer Teildurchwärmung von mind. 20 min. erfolgt und ein mind. zweimaliges Anlassen des Härtegefüges bei einer Temperatur von höher als 575°C durchgeführt wird.A method for producing a gun barrel of aforementioned chemical composition has been found to be particularly advantageous and efficient, according to which a thermal treatment is carried out as a vacuum heat treatment, in which at least one hardening with a forced cooling of a temperature higher as 940 ° C, but lower than 995 ° C, with a holding time to hardening temperature after a partial heating of at least 20 min. takes place and at least two tempering of the hardness structure at a temperature of greater than 575 ° C is performed.

Weiter verbesserte Güteeigenschaften sind erreichbar, wenn ein Härten des Geschoßlaufwerkstoffes von einer Temperatur im Bereich von 960 bis 980°C nach einer Haltezeit auf dieser Austenitisierungstemperatur von mehr als 25 min. erfolgt, worauf ein mehrmaliges Anlassen bei einer Temperatur von etwa 600°C durchgeführt wird.Further improved quality characteristics are achievable when curing the shotbase material from a temperature in the range of 960 to 980 ° C after a holding time at this austenitizing temperature of more than 25 minutes. followed by a repeated tempering at a temperature of about 600 ° C is performed.

Anhand von Untersuchungsergebnissen, welche lediglich einen Ausführungsweg der Erfindung darstellen, soll diese näher erläutert werden. Die Messewerte der Untersuchungen sind in Diagrammen dargestellt.On the basis of examination results, which represent only an embodiment of the invention, this will be explained in more detail. The fair values of the examinations are shown in diagrams.

Es zeigt
Tab. 1 chemische Zusammensetzung der Vergleichslegierungen bzw. Werkstoffe

Fig. 1
Warmfestigkeit der Werkstoffe in Abhängigkeit der Temperatur
Fig. 2
Kerbschlagarbeit (Zähigkeit) der Werkstoffe in Abhängigkeit der Temperatur
It shows
Tab. 1 Chemical composition of the comparative alloys or materials
Fig. 1
Heat resistance of the materials as a function of the temperature
Fig. 2
Impact strength (toughness) of the materials as a function of the temperature

In Tab.1 sind ein Vergütungsstahl V320, ein Warmarbeitsstahl W300 und ein erfindungsgemäßer Stahltyp W381 für Waffenrohre mit den Gehalten an Legierungselementen angegeben, wobei der Restgehalt im Wesentlichen Eisen ist: Güte C Si Mn P S Cr Mo Ni V W Ti As+Sn+Sb V320 min 0.4 0.2 0.6 1.0 0.15 0.2 max 0.44 0.35 0.8 0.025 0.002 1.2 0.25 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.05 0.01 W300 min 0.36 0.9 0.3 4.8 1.1 0.3 max 0.4 1.2 0.5 0.025 0.002 5.2 1.3 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.05 0.01 W381 min 0.28 0.08 0.15 3.6 1.2 0.42 max 0.36 0.26 0.35 0.005 0.002 4.4 1.8 0.18 0.5 0.15 0.08 0.07 Table 1 shows a tempered steel V320, a hot-work steel W300 and a steel W381 according to the invention for weapon tubes with the contents of alloying elements, the residual content being essentially iron: quality C Si Mn P S Cr Not a word Ni V W Ti As + Sn + Sb V320 min 0.4 0.2 0.6 1.0 12:15 0.2 Max 12:44 12:35 0.8 0025 0002 1.2 12:25 0.3 0.1 0.1 12:05 12:01 W300 min 12:36 0.9 0.3 4.8 1.1 0.3 Max 0.4 1.2 0.5 0025 0002 5.2 1.3 0.4 0.5 0.1 12:05 12:01 W381 min 12:28 12:08 12:15 3.6 1.2 12:42 Max 12:36 12:26 12:35 0005 0002 4.4 1.8 12:18 0.5 12:15 12:08 12:07

Alle angegebenen und für eine Erprobung verwendeten Geschoßrohrstähle wurden einer Vakuum-Wärmebehandlung mit gleichen Parametern unterworfen:

  • Austenitisieren bei Härtetemperatur
  • Halten auf der Austenitisierungstemperatur von 30 min. und Abschrecken
  • Zweimaliges Anlassen mit jeweils 2 Std.
All bullet steels indicated and used for testing were subjected to a vacuum heat treatment with the same parameters:
  • Austenitizing at hardening temperature
  • Keep at the austenitizing temperature of 30 min. and quenching
  • Twice starting with 2 hours each

Fig. 1 zeigt den Verlauf der Zugfestigkeit Rm mit steigender Temperatur bis 600°C. Fig. 1 shows the curve of the tensile strength R m with increasing temperature up to 600 ° C.

Die Festigkeit Rm verringert sich beim Vergütungsstahl V320 schon bei einer Temperatur über 200°C wesentlich und entspricht ab ca. 390°C nach oftmaligem Erwärmen nicht mehr den derzeitigen Forderungen an einen Geschoßlaufwerkstoff.The strength R m is significantly reduced at the tempering steel V320 even at a temperature above 200 ° C and from about 390 ° C after repeated heating no longer meets the current requirements for a projectile material.

Der erfindungsgemäße Werkstoff W381 und der Warmarbeitsstahl W300 hingegen weisen erst ab einer Temperatur von ca. 500°C einen Abfall der Zugfestigkeit unter die geforderte Grenze auf.On the other hand, the material W381 according to the invention and the hot-work steel W300 only show a drop in tensile strength below the required limit above a temperature of about 500 ° C.

Fig. 2 vermittelt den Verlauf der Werkstoffzähigkeit über der Temperatur im Bereich von -40 und +200°C. Fig. 2 conveys the course of the material toughness above the temperature in the range of -40 and + 200 ° C.

Am Kurvenverlauf ist deutlich erkennbar, dass der Warmarbeitsstahl W300 insgesamt niedrigere Zähigkeitswerte aufweist und dass ab einer Temperatur von unter 20°C eine Sprödbruchneigung des Werkstoffes dominierend ist.It can be clearly seen on the curve that the hot-work steel W300 has lower toughness values overall and that above a temperature of below 20 ° C. a brittle fracture tendency of the material is dominant.

Der Vergütungsstahl V320 zeigt ein zähes Bruchverhalten bei Schlagbeanspruchung von Teilen aus diesem, wobei der erfindungsgemäße Werkstoff W381 nur geringfügig niedrigere Zähigkeitswerte bei den einzelnen Temperaturen hat.The tempered steel V320 shows a tough fracture behavior under impact stress of parts of this, wherein the material according to the invention W381 has only slightly lower toughness values at the individual temperatures.

Im Vergleich umfasst der erfindungsgemäße Geschoßlauf einen Werkstoff W381, der einerseits bei höheren Temperaturen eine wesentlich größere Zugfestigkeit und Härte als der üblicherweise eingesetzte Vergütungsstahl V320 aufweist, welcher Werkstoff W381 andererseits bei tiefen Temperaturen bis -40°C ein wesentlich höheres Zähigkeitspotential hat.In comparison, the projectile barrel according to the invention comprises a material W381, which has a much greater tensile strength and hardness than the commonly used tempered steel V320 on the one hand at higher temperatures, which material W381 on the other hand at low temperatures to -40 ° C has a much higher viscosity potential.

Claims (6)

  1. Barrel for projectiles of firearms, in particular of light-weight small firearms, made of a deformed material having a chemical composition of in weight-% content C Si Mn P S Cr Mo Ni V W Ti As+ Sn+Sb Fe min 0.28 0.08 0.15 3.6 1.2 0.42 rest max 0.36 0.26 0.35 0.005 0.002 4.4 1.8 <0.5 0.5 0.15 0.08 0.007
    as well as impurities due to fusion, which thermally treated barrel for projectiles material has a hardness of at least 46 to 48 HRC.
  2. Barrel for projectiles according to claim 1, made of a deformed material having a chemical composition of in weight-% content C Si Mn P S Cr Mo Ni V W Ti As+ Sn+Sb Fe min 0.28 0.08 0.15 3.6 1.2 0.42 rest max 0.36 0.26 0.35 0.005 0.002 4.4 1.8 0.18 0.5 0.15 0.08 0.007
    as well as impurities due to fusion, which thermally treated barrel for projectiles material has a hardness of at least 46 to 48 HRC.
  3. Barrel for projectiles according to claim 1 or claim 2, made from a deformed material having at least one element of the concentration of in weight-% content C Si Mn P S Cr Mo Ni V W Ti As+ Sn+Sb Fe min 0.3 0.1 0.2 3.8 1.4 0.44 rest max 0.34 0.2 0.3 0.005 0.001 4.2 1.6 0.1 0.48 0.1 0.05 0.005
  4. A process for producing a barrel for projectiles of firearms according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a thermal treatment is performed as a vacuum heat treatment, in which at least one curing takes place at a temperature of higher than 940° C but lower than 995° C with a holding time at hardening temperature after a partial heating of at least 20 min., and wherein a tempering repeated at least twice of the hardness structure is carried out at a temperature of higher than 575° C.
  5. A process according to claim 4, wherein a curing of the barrel for projectiles material takes place at a temperature in the range of 960 to 980° C with a holding time at said austenitisation temperature of more than 25 min., following which a multiple annealing at a temperature of about 600° C is carried out.
  6. A process for producing a barrel for projectiles of firearms according to one of claims 1 and 3 to 5, characterized in that a vacuum treatment of the melt takes place during the production of the material.
EP11450040.8A 2010-04-06 2011-03-17 Barrel for firearms Active EP2375212B8 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI201131370T SI2375212T1 (en) 2010-04-06 2011-03-17 Barrel for firearms
PL11450040T PL2375212T3 (en) 2010-04-06 2011-03-17 Barrel for firearms
RS20171297A RS56662B1 (en) 2010-04-06 2011-03-17 Barrel for firearms
HRP20171994TT HRP20171994T1 (en) 2010-04-06 2017-12-22 Barrel for firearms

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0055010A AT508777B1 (en) 2010-04-06 2010-04-06 STOREY OF FIREARMS

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2375212A2 EP2375212A2 (en) 2011-10-12
EP2375212A3 EP2375212A3 (en) 2014-07-16
EP2375212B1 true EP2375212B1 (en) 2017-10-04
EP2375212B8 EP2375212B8 (en) 2018-01-17

Family

ID=43825077

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11450040.8A Active EP2375212B8 (en) 2010-04-06 2011-03-17 Barrel for firearms

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US (1) US8372219B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2375212B8 (en)
AR (1) AR081131A1 (en)
AT (1) AT508777B1 (en)
BR (1) BRPI1101832A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2736319C (en)
DK (1) DK2375212T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2654650T3 (en)
HR (1) HRP20171994T1 (en)
HU (1) HUE035986T2 (en)
LT (1) LT2375212T (en)
NO (1) NO2375212T3 (en)
PL (1) PL2375212T3 (en)
PT (1) PT2375212T (en)
RS (1) RS56662B1 (en)
SI (1) SI2375212T1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3037599B1 (en) 2015-06-19 2017-07-07 Aubert & Duval Sa STEEL FOR SMALL ARMS
DE102018123278A1 (en) * 2018-09-21 2020-03-26 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Process for producing a heat-resistant weapon barrel provided with a swirl profile

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1346188A (en) * 1919-08-25 1920-07-13 Frank A Fahrenwald Firearm and alloy for making same
US2876095A (en) * 1953-08-13 1959-03-03 Republic Steel Corp Manufacture of gun barrels
US3780465A (en) * 1972-06-01 1973-12-25 Us Navy Wear resistant gun barrel and method of making the same
DE3300175C2 (en) * 1983-01-05 1986-06-05 Wolfgang Th. Dipl.-Ing. 7238 Oberndorf Wegwerth Process for the manufacture of gun barrels
JP2810772B2 (en) 1990-08-01 1998-10-15 花王株式会社 Absorbent articles
DE59804046D1 (en) * 1998-02-27 2002-06-13 Boehler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co Kg Iron-based alloy for use at elevated temperatures
JP2000080444A (en) * 1998-08-31 2000-03-21 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd Alloy steel for gun barrel

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR081131A1 (en) 2012-06-27
AT508777B1 (en) 2011-04-15
BRPI1101832A2 (en) 2012-08-21
PL2375212T3 (en) 2018-04-30
US20110253270A1 (en) 2011-10-20
LT2375212T (en) 2018-01-10
NO2375212T3 (en) 2018-03-03
HRP20171994T1 (en) 2018-02-09
EP2375212A2 (en) 2011-10-12
HUE035986T2 (en) 2018-06-28
AT508777A4 (en) 2011-04-15
PT2375212T (en) 2018-01-09
EP2375212A3 (en) 2014-07-16
RS56662B1 (en) 2018-03-30
US8372219B2 (en) 2013-02-12
SI2375212T1 (en) 2018-04-30
CA2736319A1 (en) 2011-10-06
ES2654650T3 (en) 2018-02-14
EP2375212B8 (en) 2018-01-17
CA2736319C (en) 2014-01-28
DK2375212T3 (en) 2018-01-08

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