EP2375196A2 - Dispositif de réglage et procédé destiné au réglage d'une installation de pompe à chaleur - Google Patents

Dispositif de réglage et procédé destiné au réglage d'une installation de pompe à chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2375196A2
EP2375196A2 EP11156195A EP11156195A EP2375196A2 EP 2375196 A2 EP2375196 A2 EP 2375196A2 EP 11156195 A EP11156195 A EP 11156195A EP 11156195 A EP11156195 A EP 11156195A EP 2375196 A2 EP2375196 A2 EP 2375196A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
compressor
hot gas
heat pump
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11156195A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2375196A3 (fr
Inventor
Manuel Stauch
Patrick Schimke
Johann Hummel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wolf GmbH
Original Assignee
Wolf GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wolf GmbH filed Critical Wolf GmbH
Publication of EP2375196A2 publication Critical patent/EP2375196A2/fr
Publication of EP2375196A3 publication Critical patent/EP2375196A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1066—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water
    • F24D19/1072—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for the combination of central heating and domestic hot water the system uses a heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/08—Exceeding a certain temperature value in a refrigeration component or cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/27—Problems to be solved characterised by the stop of the refrigeration cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2115—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor
    • F25B2700/21152—Temperatures of a compressor or the drive means therefor at the discharge side of the compressor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control device for controlling a heat pump system according to claim 1 and a method for controlling a heat pump system according to claim 7.
  • Heat pump systems of the type discussed here are, for example DE 35 24 446 A1 or EP 2 116 797 A2 known. They include a heat source or heat source circuit, a heating and / or process water circuit and a refrigerant circuit comprising a compressor, an evaporator, a condenser and an expansion valve.
  • the heat pump system can be used for heating and / or cooling of heating circuits and / or domestic hot water circuits of buildings.
  • a heat pump typically heats heat from a lower temperature level to a higher temperature level. The provision of the heating heat takes place by evaporation of a refrigerant in an evaporator, which is then compressed in a compressor or compressor, whereby the refrigerant is further heated.
  • the heat is removed from the refrigerant in the condenser and transferred to a heat transfer medium, such as heating water or service water.
  • a heat transfer medium such as heating water or service water.
  • the liquefied refrigerant is then expanded in a throttle body, namely the expansion valve and fed again to the evaporator.
  • Heat pumps of the type mentioned above can be operated in reversible operation and thus can cause cooling instead of heating.
  • it is also referred to chillers or heat pump heaters.
  • renewable energy heat pumps are increasingly used for heating and / or cooling of buildings or heating water and / or hot water circuits.
  • One possible embodiment of such heat pumps are the so-called air / water heat pumps, in which heat is extracted from the ambient air by means of an outdoor unit to be heated or cooled outside.
  • brine / water heat pumps which use a brine source instead of the outside air, are also known.
  • an antifreeze-water mixture that circulates in underground pipelines and that is heated by geothermal energy.
  • Standard heat pumps of the type described above achieve according to their application depending on the source temperature, i. the temperature of an outside air or a brine, a certain maximum flow temperature.
  • the flow temperature is the temperature of the water in the heating and / or process water circuit after exiting the condenser.
  • the flow temperature achieved with standard heat pumps is not high enough to heat the heating or service water to a desired temperature level.
  • standard heat pumps in addition to the heat pump arranged in the heating and / or hot water circuit additional heat generator, usually in Shape of an electric heater, used.
  • the auxiliary heat generator is activated as needed to still achieve the desired heating and hot water temperature at too low a source temperature.
  • the switching point between a heat pump operation and the operation of the auxiliary heat generator is generally referred to as a bivalence point.
  • the switching timing is determined by comparing the current source temperature with a so-called bivalence temperature. falls the source temperature is below the bivalence temperature, the compressor is turned off and the auxiliary heat generator is turned on.
  • the DE 35 24 446 A1 discloses another method of switching between a heat pump and an auxiliary heat generator in which the degree of frosting of the evaporator is detected by means of a sensor.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a control device for a heat pump system and a method for controlling a heat pump system, which allow the operation of the heat pump system at its operational limit and thus a highly efficient operation of the system.
  • the present invention is based on the idea to operate the compressor to its maximum hot gas temperature and to provide in the case of reaching the maximum hot gas temperature no lockout, but first to detect the current return temperature in the heating and / or domestic water circuit and with a predetermined minimum return temperature to compare its plausibility.
  • the predetermined minimum return temperature is dependent on the source temperature, and indicates a temperature of the water, which adjusts to a smooth current operation of the heat pump in the return of the heating and / or domestic water circuit at a certain current source temperature. If the expansion valve is correctly adjusted and the heat pump is operated, the heat pump will reach a certain return temperature depending on the source temperature when the maximum hot gas temperature is reached.
  • the achievement of the hot gas temperature is indeed dependent on the source temperature, since the compressor has to do more work when the source temperature and thus the evaporation rate in the evaporator is lower, but can not be predicted on the basis of the source temperature not reaching the maximum hot gas temperature, especially as the flow in the refrigerant circuit and the setting of the expansion valve are not exactly predictable.
  • solely by the regulation of the heat pump system as a function of the source temperature no operation of the system up to the application limit of the compressor is possible.
  • it is precisely necessary to prevent the compressor from operating at too low a temperature because it quickly reaches its maximum hot gas temperature due to too low a source temperature, with the result that the entire heat system is shut down for safety reasons. It must therefore already be switched at source temperatures of the compressor operation on the operation of the additional heat generator, in which the compressor has not yet reached its maximum possible power output.
  • the present invention adopts the measurement of the hot gas temperature by providing no stalling function but the current one
  • Hot gas temperature of the compressor in a loop for controlling the heat pump incorporates.
  • the source temperature is no longer used to control the system, but the compressor is operated up to its maximum hot gas temperature. Once this is reached, the compressor is switched off and the control device compares the current return temperature with a predeterminable minimum return temperature. If the actual return temperature is not in a plausible range, i. if the minimum return temperature has not been reached, the entire heat pump system is switched off, as there is probably a defect in the system. For example, it is conceivable that refrigerant has leaked from the Käfteschniklauf and the return temperature is therefore too low. The check of the return temperature is thus in particular to determine whether the maximum hot gas temperature has been reached due to a defect.
  • the control device If this is not the case, should the return temperature be in an inconspicuous or normal range, the current temperature of the water is detected and stored in the heating and / or Hippowassernikfiers and with a predetermined by the user of the heat pump system minimum guaranteed temperature value or compared to a setpoint temperature value. If the current heating and / or service water temperature is below the setpoint specification, the control device outputs a signal which causes the activation of the additional heat generator.
  • the minimum return temperature can be specified as a function of the source temperature. Depending on the source temperature, another return temperature is plausible.
  • control device when the hot gas temperature of the compressor is measured and detected by the control device only when the source temperature falls below a predetermined critical minimum source temperature. It is preferably predetermined in such a way that only below the minimum source temperature is there a critical area of the compressor in which the maximum hot gas temperature can even be reached.
  • a signal is output which causes the shutdown of the heat pump system.
  • the current temperature of the service and / or heating water is stored and compared with a predetermined minimum water temperature or a target water temperature. If the current temperature is below the desired water temperature, an additional heat generator in the heating and / or service water circuit is put into operation until the heating and / or service water has warmed up to its setpoint.
  • control method can be provided, moreover, that to prevent high pressure noise in the heating and / or domestic water circuit, the flow and / or the return temperature is monitored and upon reaching a maximum flow and / or Rticklauftemperatur also the shutdown of the compressor and the connection of the additional heat generator takes place.
  • the starting point for all three operating modes is a service water request, i. that the temperature of the service and / or heating water is below a desired setpoint and should be increased to this.
  • the Fig. 1 shows a scheme for a savings operation of the heat pump system, in which a hot water or a minimum hot water temperature can be specified by the user.
  • the hot water set temperature can be reached in this mode if the current source temperature is high enough.
  • the hot water set temperature is therefore not guaranteed, but adjusts only if the source temperature is sufficient. On the other hand, if the source temperature is insufficient, there will be no further heating by the auxiliary heat generator.
  • the starting point for the regulation is that there is a demand for service water at all, that is, a heating of the water should take place.
  • the compressor is switched on, which "sets in motion" the refrigerant circuit. If the source temperature is sufficient to reach the desired hot water temperature exclusively by means of the compressor, after reaching the desired temperature, the controller stores the current temperature X of the water and terminates the control process.
  • the hot gas temperature of the compressor is detected and compared by the controller with a maximum hot gas temperature specified by the compressor manufacturer. If the maximum hot gas temperature is reached, the control device generates a signal which causes the shutdown of the compressor.
  • the return temperature of the service water is then detected and compared by the control device with a predetermined minimum return temperature. If the current return temperature has not reached the preset minimum value, there is most likely a fault in the system and the controller outputs a signal that causes the lockout of the heat pump system. If there is a check that there is no problem or if the problem is resolved, then the auxiliary heat generator can be switched on until the desired minimum water temperature is reached.
  • priorities in the control sequence can be assigned for the activation of the additional heat generator.
  • the temperature X of the water present in the hot water tank is stored and the control process is ended until a hot water request is present again and the control restarts.
  • control can additionally provide that the flow temperature is monitored to avoid high pressure noise and off when reaching a maximum flow temperature of the compressor. Since the heat pump is in service water mode, the shutdown of the compressor due to the maximum predetermined flow temperature at the time of compressor shutdown the hot water temperature Y is stored. Then drops during domestic hot water by the Sakipporer turn the hot water tank temperature below the stored value Y minus a hysteresis K (YK), for example, due to hot water tap by a user, the additional heat generator is switched off and the control switches back to hot water request, so that the heating of the water again through the heat pump or through the compressor.
  • YK hysteresis K
  • Fig. 2 shows the second "normal" mode of operation in which the controller is operable. Contrary to the regulation according to Fig. 1 consists here, as already described above, the ability to specify a hot water target temperature, their achievement in contrast to the economy mode according to Fig. 1 is guaranteed.
  • the procedure of the regulation according to Fig. 2 is essentially the same as the Fig. 1 , In this respect, the description goes to Fig. 1 directed.
  • the regulation according to Fig. 2 differs essentially from the regulation Fig. 1 in that, after the current water temperature Y has been stored in the water reservoir, the auxiliary heat generator is switched on until the desired hot water temperature is reached.
  • Fig. 3 showed the third operating mode in which the control device is operable.
  • the operating mode Fig. 2 it is possible for a user to specify a hot water set temperature, the achievement of which is guaranteed. Contrary to the regulation according to the Fig. 1 and 2 However, the hot water target temperature should be reached as quickly as possible. This is ensured by the parallel, ie the simultaneous operation of the compressor and the additional heat generator.
  • the hot gas temperature of the compressor as a function of the source temperature (i.e., the hot gas temperature is monitored only when the source temperature falls below a predetermined value), i.e., the hot gas temperature.
  • a predetermined value i.e., the hot gas temperature.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
EP11156195.7A 2010-04-12 2011-02-28 Dispositif de réglage et procédé destiné au réglage d'une installation de pompe à chaleur Withdrawn EP2375196A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010016396A DE102010016396A1 (de) 2010-04-12 2010-04-12 Regelungseinrichtung und Verfahren zur Regelung einer Wärmepumpenanlage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2375196A2 true EP2375196A2 (fr) 2011-10-12
EP2375196A3 EP2375196A3 (fr) 2014-12-17

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11156195.7A Withdrawn EP2375196A3 (fr) 2010-04-12 2011-02-28 Dispositif de réglage et procédé destiné au réglage d'une installation de pompe à chaleur

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EP (1) EP2375196A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE102010016396A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2626640A3 (fr) * 2012-02-07 2014-03-19 Panasonic Corporation Dispositif de chauffage hydronique à pompe thermique

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3524446A1 (de) 1985-07-09 1987-01-22 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Waermepumpenanlage zur brauchwassererwaermung
EP2116797A2 (fr) 2008-05-05 2009-11-11 MHG Heiztechnik GmbH Pompe à chaleur

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3737381B2 (ja) * 2000-06-05 2006-01-18 株式会社デンソー 給湯装置
DE10246004B4 (de) * 2001-10-03 2017-05-18 Denso Corporation Überkritisches Kühlkreislaufsystem und dieses verwendender Warmwasserbereiter
US20080098760A1 (en) * 2006-10-30 2008-05-01 Electro Industries, Inc. Heat pump system and controls
US7849700B2 (en) * 2004-05-12 2010-12-14 Electro Industries, Inc. Heat pump with forced air heating regulated by withdrawal of heat to a radiant heating system

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3524446A1 (de) 1985-07-09 1987-01-22 Stiebel Eltron Gmbh & Co Kg Waermepumpenanlage zur brauchwassererwaermung
EP2116797A2 (fr) 2008-05-05 2009-11-11 MHG Heiztechnik GmbH Pompe à chaleur

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2626640A3 (fr) * 2012-02-07 2014-03-19 Panasonic Corporation Dispositif de chauffage hydronique à pompe thermique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102010016396A1 (de) 2011-10-13
EP2375196A3 (fr) 2014-12-17

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