EP2374937B1 - Construction machine for treating the surface of a roadway - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a construction machine for processing a road surface, in particular a road milling machine, with a height-adjustable side plate.

A generic construction machine for processing a road surface, such as a road milling machine or cold planer, usually has a machine frame with at least one front wheel and two rear wheels, which can be used as an alternative to the wheels and caterpillar nacelles. At least the rear wheels are also often designed height adjustable via lifting columns, so that, for example, the construction machine can be lowered towards the road surface. The construction machine further comprises a substantially horizontally rotatably mounted on the machine frame milling drum (or alternatively with respect to the machine frame höhnverstellbare milling drum, if height adjustment of the rear wheels is not provided), wherein the axis of rotation of the milling drum transversely to the longitudinal extent of the machine frame or transversely to the working direction of the construction machine lies in the horizontal plane. In addition, a drive device with a drive and a drive gear is provided, wherein the drive gear is formed in such a way that it transmits a driving force generated by the drive to the milling drum. The drive gear is at least partially disposed in a housing to protect it, for example, from penetrating dirt, etc. The construction machine further comprises a milling roller box open towards the road surface. In the Fräswalzenkasten the milling drum is arranged, wherein the Fräswalzenkasten surrounds the milling drum at least partially to the sides, forwards and upwards. The Fräswalzenkasten essentially prevents milled soil material is uncontrolled distributed in the working mode of the construction machine to the construction machine, but rather controlled in the Fräswalzenkasten, for example, for subsequent removal (for example, via a connected to the Fräswalzenkasten conveyor belt) collected becomes. The drive is arranged outside the milling drum box. In order to be able to transfer the driving force generated by the drive to the milling drum, the drive gear is designed in such a way that it is guided through a side wall of the milling drum box facing an end face of the milling drum to the milling drum. Thus, a functional connection between the drive lying outside the milling drum box and the milling drum located inside the milling drum box is produced via the drive gear. Furthermore, the drive can alone supply the drive force required for driving the milling drum or, alternatively, also perceive further drive functions, for example for locomotion of the construction machine.

The construction machine further comprises a relative to the Fräswalzenkasten height-adjustable side plate, which is arranged on the side of the milling drum, on which the drive gear is guided through the side wall of the Fräswalzenkastens. This page is also referred to below as the drive side of the Fräswalzenkastens. The side shield has the task of sealing the milling drum box to the side in dependence on the milling depth. The sealing of the Fräswalzenkastens with the height-adjustable side plate is so far particularly important to minimize the amount of loose milling material that remains after the milling process on the milling track, or to allow as complete as possible removal of milling material from the Fräswalzenkasten out. The milling material remaining on the milling track after the milling process otherwise has to be laboriously collected in an additional work process by handwork and removed from the milling track, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Of course, a height-adjustable side plate is usually arranged on the opposite side of the Fräswalzenkästen a drive side, which seals the Fräswalzeninnenraum opposite side to the drive side. However, hereinafter referred to as "side plate" arranged on the drive side of the Fräswalzenkasten side plate, unless expressly referred to the opposite side plate reference. Both side shields can be individually height adjustable or synchronously performed.

On the drive side outside the Fräswalzenkastens usually increased space for the drive and / or parts of the drive gear of the drive device is required. The passage of the drive gear through the side wall of the Fräswalzenkastens also leads to that on the part of the drive gear only a comparatively narrow side plate can be used, since the maximum Verschubweg is limited in the vertical direction by the led out of the Fräswalzenkasten drive gear. The creation of a tight side shield seal on the drive side of the milling drum box is therefore due to the height The axis of rotation of the milling drum lying drive train or drive problematic. A first approach to this problem is to build the side shield on the drive side around the over the side wall of the drive side of the Fräswalzenkastens projecting parts of the drive gear or the drive. For this purpose, the lying on the drive side side plate is provided for example with a notch in the vertical direction. A disadvantage of this solution, however, is that no satisfactory sealing results can be obtained especially in the down-driven state of the side shield, since the side plate can be formed only very narrow due to the notch in its vertical height and therefore milled material exits through the side plate from the Fräswalzenraum out. This disadvantage occurs more and more, the deeper the milling drum dips into the milling bed or the deeper the side shield is moved down. Alternatively, the side plate can be formed horizontally bulged. In the fully booked variant, however, the side shield tends to get caught on the road surface, which can result in damage to the side shield in particular. Another alternative sealing principle is for example from the DE 10 2008 020 263 A1 is known, which proposes the use of a plurality of stacked arranged and mutually displaceable in the vertical direction slats, which form the side shield in their entirety. However, this construction is complex, susceptible to failure and cost-intensive.

Based on this situation, it is the object of the invention to provide a construction machine for processing a road surface, in particular road milling, which allows a particularly effective sealing of the drive side of a Fräswalzenkastens with a side plate over a large adjustment range, the side plate at the same time as robust as possible construction should have.

The solution of the problem succeeds with a construction machine according to the independent claim. Preferred developments are specified in the dependent claims.

A core idea of the invention is that a vertically stepped trained drive gear, the lower part is arranged substantially in the Fräswalzenkasten and the upper part substantially outside of the Fräswalzenkastens is equipped with a Seitenschieldinvölbung in the housing of the drive gear, in which the side plate in the vertical direction coming from below is movable into it. A road milling machine with such vertically stepped drive gear is from the WO 96/24 725 A1 known. At the same time the side plate is formed unchangeable in its surface, so that the present solution is inexpensive to manufacture and particularly reliable in practical use.

In the drive gear is thus inventively a vertical height offset, specifically sloping down from the drive side of the drive gear to the output side of the drive gear, provided. In the vertical direction, the drive shaft connected to the drive is in other words above the output shaft of the drive gear connected to the milling drum. Due to the stepped design of the drive gear and the special positioning of the lower and the upper part relative to the Fräswalzenkasten it is possible to arrange the substantial part of protruding from the Fräswalzenkasten drive gear in the vertical direction above the axis of rotation of the milling drum, so that the required space outside the Fräswalzenkastens along the axis of rotation of the milling drum is significantly reduced or, depending on the embodiment, outside the milling drum box no space for a portion of the drive gear and / or the drive at the height of the rotation axis of the milling drum is more needed. The lying outside the Fräswalzenkastens part of the drive means can thus be arranged at least substantially in the vertical direction above the axis of rotation of the milling drum. Thus, the side plate, the rotation axis of the milling drum outside of the Fräswalzenkastens, for example, at startup, at least partially cut and is no longer or at least much later of on the drive side on the side wall of the Fräswalzenkastens at the height of the axis of rotation of the milling drum projecting parts of the drive housing on a continuation prevented the lifting movement. Overall, the maximum travel of the side plate in the vertical direction can be significantly increased in this way. Specifically, the offset is made as large as possible by the gear stage or the distance between the axis of rotation of the lower and upper gear member to simultaneously form the massive surface of the side plate in the vertical direction as large as possible. "As large as possible" is understood to mean that the space available at this point to accommodate the gear stage on the construction machine is maximally utilized. This space is often limited in the vertical direction by the machine frame, parts of the driver's cab, etc. In particular, for those embodiments in which the gear stage itself is located in the Fräswalzeninneren, the maximum offset is limited by the Fräswalzendurchmesser. The side plate can also be formed unchangeable in its vertical width, ie in its distance between the upper edge and the lower edge of the side plate, over a larger area in its surface. It can thus be used a much larger and solid trained side plate, so that overall optimal sealing results over the entire vertical adjustment of the, ideally one-piece, side shield are obtained. In its surface, the side plate is unchangeable, for example, if it is solid and / or in one piece. It goes without saying that even several items to be in the area unchangeable side shield can be assembled. It is essential then that the individual elements combine to form a substantially closed sealing surface and that the individual elements in the assembled state have a fixed relative position to each other, which is maintained even with a height adjustment of the side plate.

Constructed in the vertical direction training of the drive gear can be realized in concrete terms in such a way that the drive gear in the lower part has an output axis and in the upper part to the output axis parallel and functionally coupled to the driven thing drive axle. The drive gear is thus initially constructed in two parts with respect to the transmission axis. The drive axle is also offset parallel to the output shaft in such a way that the drive axle lies in the vertical direction above the output shaft. Essential for the invention is now first that the drive is not, as usual in the prior art, also arranged in the rotation axis of the milling drum coaxial positioning, but offset in the vertical direction upwards. Of course, this also includes those embodiments in which, in addition to the vertical offset, there is also a horizontal offset or an oblique offset as a whole. A parallel offset of the two axes is thus present when the longitudinal axes of the drive axle and the output shaft are offset with a vertical component parallel to each other and not crossed, at an angle, etc. A parallel misalignment is also not present when the two axes coaxial lie to each other. The output axis is typically coaxial with the axis of rotation of the milling drum and is ideally articulated via corresponding connection options on the milling drum. In contrast, the drive axle is, in particular indirectly, functionally connected to the drive, specifically the motor shaft of an engine. The housing of the drive gear is accordingly also stepped in the vertical direction and surrounds or shields the drive axle and the output shaft, in particular in the region of the coupling of the drive axle to the output shaft, to the outside. The case can fulfill several functions. On the one hand, it is of course initially used for mechanical protection of the drive and the output shaft and in particular their coupling region. On the other hand, however, the housing may be partially integrated into the side wall on the drive side of the milling drum box so that it performs a sealing function to the outside together with the side wall and the side plate. This succeeds particularly effective when the housing is guided at the level of a housing stage through the side wall. The housing stage is usually in the area in which the offset drive shaft is coupled to the lower vertical output shaft in the vertical direction. If the housing is guided through the side wall at the level of this gearbox or housing stage, the coupling area is thus substantially in the plane of the side wall. This has the advantage that the output axis, if at all, minimally outwardly projecting and the drive axis minimally in the Fräswalzeninnenraum. It is thus possible to use the milling drum interior particularly efficiently and, on the other hand, to achieve a particularly tight seal with the height-adjustable side shield over a large adjustment range. In addition, the housing can assume a fastening function and be used for positioning the drive gear, in particular with respect to the milling drum box and the milling drum.

Frequently, a compact design of the construction machine is also desirable. For this purpose, an arrangement of the drive has proven in the manner that its drive shaft or motor shaft is arranged in the machine longitudinal direction. The engine is thus not transverse to the direction of travel of the construction machine, but with the axis of rotation of the motor shaft in the direction of travel. For the functional connection of the upper gear part to the drive or to the motor shaft is a suitable connecting gear, in particular a bevel gear, especially a single or multi-stage bevel gear available. To the upper gear part close to the drive thus further gear elements. This makes it possible, on the one hand, to transmit the drive power of the drive arranged with its motor shaft in the direction of travel to the milling drum with its rotational axis lying transversely to the direction of travel. At the same time, a significant axial offset of this gear train can be achieved in front of the milling drum between the upper and lower gear part, whereby ultimately a comparatively large and closed in the surface side plate can be used.

The direct power transmission between the angle gear and the motor shaft or drive shaft of the drive can be done by a direct functional coupling. However, a V-belt transmission for transmitting power from the motor shaft to the angle gear is preferably present. In this embodiment, the following gear constellation is thus present from the engine to the milling drum: Motor - Motor shaft - Clutch - V-belt transmission - Angular gear - Drive gear with axial offset between the upper and lower gear part - Milling roller. The concrete drive of the milling drum or the power transmission from the lower gear part to the milling drum can be done via other transmission elements, such as a planetary gear.

Ideally, the side plate is arranged on the milling drum box in such a way that it can be moved in the vertical direction over the front end of the output shaft facing away from the milling drum, preferably guided directly on the milling drum box. Immediately on the milling box means In particular, that no additional sealing means between the Fräswalzenkasten and the side plate are present, the side plate is thus performed without sealing directly on the Fräswalzenkasten. Due to the possibility of moving the side plate in the vertical direction beyond the front end of the output shaft facing away from the milling drum, the side plate will only be much later of the output shaft or of the output axis surrounding and over the Fräswalzenkasten outwardly projecting part of the housing on the continuation of his Lifting movement prevented. In other words, the side plate can cut without hindrance the longitudinal axis of the output shaft and be moved into the above-lying Seitenschieldinwölbung into it. Essential is thus a stepped in relation to the vertical direction training of the drive gear, which is achieved by a height offset of the drive axle relative to the output shaft. This allows the side plate while maintaining the maximum vertical travel to a significantly greater extent in its vertical width massively executed, which has a reliable sealing of the Fräswalzenkastens on the drive side of the Fräswalzenkastens over a much wider height adjustment of the side shield result. This is made possible by the integrated in the drive gear stage between the drive axle and the output shaft or the resulting stage in the housing of the drive gear. The grading is optimally designed in such a way that the side plate can be displaced vertically in the vertical direction on the output axis or in the longitudinal axis of the output axis cutting manner.

In order to further improve the height adjustability of the side plate on the Fräswalzenkasten compared to the drive gear, is also provided as a further essential aspect of the invention, the Seitenschildeinwölbung in the housing of the drive gear, in which the side plate is coming from below slidable, so that the side plate in its Vertellbewegung is blocked much later or only in a significantly higher position in the vertical direction from the housing of the drive gear. This also allows a total of a vertically larger formation of the side plate and a much improved handling of the side plate in working mode.

The drive of the construction machine can be concrete, for example, an internal combustion engine. This can drive a corresponding hydraulic pump, which in turn are used to drive the drive axle and ultimately the milling drum. As an alternative to the hydraulic pump, a generator may be provided to generate power for driving electric motors for the milling drum. Preferably, however, the internal combustion engine is used directly for driving the milling drum. A power train based thereon with the elements engine - clutch - V-belt unit - Angular gear - upper and lower drive gear - milling in just this order has already been given above. As a precaution, it is noted at this point that the terms "upper drive gear" and "lower drive gear" specifically refer to the part of the gear stage and are part of a total transmission, which includes, for example, depending on the embodiment, the elements bevel gear, V-belt transmission, etc., with , Of course, the drive can also serve for driving the at least one front wheel and / or the rear wheels and / or the pivoting in and out of a pivotable rear wheel at the same time.

The drive axle and the output shaft are functionally coupled together in a coupling region. This means that a driving force generated by the drive is transmitted via the drive axle to the output shaft (and thus ultimately to the milling drum). The coupling region is preferably comparatively narrow in its width in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the drive or driven axis. For functional coupling, it may be provided, for example, that a corresponding toothed gear is present, wherein the one arranged on the drive shaft, preferably at the front end facing the milling drum gear arranged in a arranged on the output shaft gear, which preferably on the milling drum remote from the front end of the Output shaft is positioned, engages. Both gears lie in this embodiment in a vertical plane and have a comparatively small horizontal width or a relatively narrow coupling region. Alternatively, for example, a functional coupling may also be located in a chain drive or a toothed belt transmission, which are also preferably arranged with their respective connecting elements to the drive axle and the output shaft on the front side on the respective axes. In the coupling region, the drive axis and the output axis are furthermore preferably arranged in such a way that they overlap in the vertical direction in the region of their mutually facing front ends. This is the case, for example, when a gearwheel is arranged on the output shaft and on the drive axle, with the two gearwheels meshing with one another. This can be obtained in terms of the width in the direction of the longitudinal axes of the drive and the output axis particularly narrow coupling regions, which also allow efficient power transmission.

For the offset or to obtain the stepped transmission, it is first essential that the drive axle is located in the vertical direction above the output shaft. Above only means once that the longitudinal axis of the drive shaft in a vertical plane which is orthogonal to the drive and output axis, with respect to their offset relative to the longitudinal axis of the output shaft has at least one vertical component. For example, skew offset is also possible with respect to this plane, where a vertical offset component is combined with a horizontal or lateral offset component. It is ideal, however, if the drive and the output shaft are arranged in this vertical plane lying on a vertical line or one above the other. Thus, the maximum height offset can be achieved in the drive gear, which allows a particularly high variability in terms of possible cutting depths.

As already mentioned above, another essential aspect of the invention is that the housing has the Seitenschieldinwölbung, in which the side plate during startup at the Fräswalzenkasten is movable into. In this area, the housing of the drive gear is thus curved inward or vaulted inwards. This has the advantage that the travel of the side shield in the vertical direction can be extended even further upwards, namely into the Seitenschildeinwölbung inside. The Seitenschildein vaulting is thus characterized essentially in that it extends in the vertical direction upwards or at least partially not vaulted or in the radial direction (with respect to the drive axis and the output axis) projecting portions of the housing adjacent and adjusts the side plate at startup in it can be. The Seitenschieldinwölbung is thus directed towards the housing interior recess in the housing of the drive gear. However, the housing is also formed closed in the region of the side plate concavity, so that the housing has a closed outer surface over the side plate concavity. Dirt can thus not penetrate in the region of the Seitenschildeinwölbung in the housing interior. The Seitenschieldinwölbung can therefore be obtained for example by bending the lying in the region of the Seitenschildeinvollopung housing parts. Alternatively, the side shield concavity itself may also be a separate part of the housing, which in the manufacturing process is connected to the parts of the housing adjacent to the side shield concavity. Preferably, the housing is formed in one piece in the region of the Seitenschildeinwölbung.

The Seitenschieldinwölbung is dimensioned so that the side plate can be at least partially, in particular with its upper edge region lying in the vertical direction, moved into the Seitenschildeinwölbung inside. The Seitenschieldin vaulting can thus accommodate part of the side plate. In the case of the high position of the side shield, the housing and the side shield protruding into the side shield concavity thus overlap in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the output shaft in this case. Concretely, the overlap is at least two-sided and comprises the area of the housing located in front of and behind the side shield in the longitudinal direction of the output shaft. The housing thus engages with its Seitenschildeinwölbung at least the upper outer edge of the side plate at least two sides, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the output shaft. The task of the Seitenschildeinwölbung is that the side plate can be moved so to speak "into the housing" or on the running parallel to the drive axis lower part of the housing, without the need for an opening in the housing is required. Thus, the side plate in the vertical direction or in the direction of over the side plate from the Fräswalzenkasten passing out housing of the drive gear can be adjusted to a higher maximum value and at the same time the protective function of the housing for the drive gear is maintained, as it also in the Seitenschildeinwölbung is formed closed. As will be explained in more detail below, the side plate can thus be made massive, much higher and uninterrupted, so that with this arrangement in the end result optimal sealing results over the entire range of different cutting depths can be achieved. It is ideal if the Seitenschildeinvolvement in the upper part of the housing is arranged (in the vertical direction downwards open) and when the side plate on the milling drum facing away from the front end of the output shaft is movable into the Seitenschildeinwölbung.

Preferably, the Seitenschieldinwölbung in the axial direction of the drive axis directly adjacent to the housing stage, in particular the lower part of the housing to. In this embodiment, the housing in the axial direction of the drive axle and the parallel output shaft on one side in the radially projecting upper part of the housing and has on its other side the gear stage in such a way that the lower part of the housing in the axial direction directly to the other side of the side shield vault adjoins. In the axial direction of the drive shaft or the parallel output shaft, the two sides of the Seitenschildeinwölbung thus determined as follows: In the direction of the output axis or to the side of the lower part of the Seitenschildeinvölbung either adjacent to a radially further protruding and often at least partially parallel or linear to the longitudinal axis extending portion of the housing and preferably directly to the caused by the gear stage in the housing at; on the other side, the Seitenschieldinwölbung adjacent to a in the radial direction to the longitudinal axis of the drive axis projecting and often at least partially parallel or linear to the longitudinal axis extending housing portion. If the side shield concavity directly adjoins the lower part of the housing or the part of the housing lying further down in the vertical direction and surrounding the output axis, the side shield can be passed very close, ideally directly at the lower part of the housing with a vertical adjustment movement or The side plate can be guided over the area of the gear unit of the drive gear sheathed by the housing. In order to can be simplified, the basic design of this part of the construction machine, as can be moved by the possible direct guidance of the side plate in the vertical direction at the bottom of the housing, the side plate, for example, seal-free, large area and just on Fräswalzenkasten along.

All alternative embodiments of the side shield concavity according to the invention have in common that they relate to a housing interior vaulted area which is formed in such a way that the side plate can be retracted during startup in the Seitenschildein vaults. However, the actual design of the Seitenschildein vaults may vary. Thus, it is possible, for example, that the side shield concavity extends only vertically in the interior of the housing from below, so that the side shield with its upper region moves into the side shield concavity during startup. Alternatively, however, it is also possible for the side shield concavity to be formed in a manner revolving around the housing, for example in the manner of a constriction. The side shield buckle thus extends in this embodiment with respect to the axial direction of the drive and the output axis around the housing. For this purpose, the Seitenschildeinvolvement, for example, be arranged annularly on the housing. Such a design of the Seitenschildeinvolvement may be particularly for reasons of stability advantage. The longitudinal axis of this ring is then parallel or coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the drive axle and / or output shaft.

The profile of the Seitenschildein vaults may also vary. A profile is the profile of the side shield concavity in a section through the side plate concavity, wherein the sectional plane lies in the plane which is spanned by the vertical axis and the longitudinal axis of the drive axle or the output shaft. Essential for the profile of the Seitenschildeinwölbung is first that it is suitable for receiving the Seitenschildeinvolvement facing upper edge of the side plate. The profile of the Seitenschildeinvolvement can thus be formed, for example, rounded. A rounded profile is comparatively easy to manufacture and at the same time very stable. However, it is also possible for the profile of the side shield concavity to be adapted to the side shield protruding into the side shield concavity or to its profile. This can be achieved in the area of the Seitenschieldin vaulting a tight conclusion and, to a certain extent, a side shield guide. In this embodiment, for example, the profile of the side shield bulge may also be formed at right angles.

Preferably, the drive axle is formed mehrgliedrig with at least two coupled Achsgliedern. When using a multi-unit drive axle, care must be taken that the axle member of the drive axle, which is functionally coupled to the output shaft, is offset in parallel in the vertical direction in the vertical direction with respect to the output shaft. In this embodiment, at least one further force transmission member then joins the drive axle towards the drive. It is ideal if the at least two axle links of the drive axle are arranged offset in parallel to each other in the vertical direction with respect to their longitudinal axes, for example in the form of a spur gear, so that the multiple steps are obtained in the drive gear and achievable with the stepped drive gear height difference between the coupling the milling drum and the coupling to the drive can be increased. Alternatively or additionally, it is also possible, at least two members of the drive axle with respect to their longitudinal axes angled, in particular perpendicular, form each other, for example in the form of an angular gear, especially a bevel gear. Such a design makes it possible, for example, in the manner described above to form an angle of the part of the gear unit adjoining the upper gear part to the drive motor, and in this way to obtain even more favorable spatial arrangement conditions.

With regard to the specific positioning of the drive axle and the output shaft or in particular the region in which the drive axle is functionally coupled to the output shaft, it is preferred if the front end of the drive axle facing the milling drum is guided from the outside through the side wall of the milling drum case. In this embodiment, the drive axle ends with its end facing the milling drum towards the end thus at least flush with the inside of the Fräswalzenkastens or even exists in a limited extent in the interior of the Fräswalzenkastens. On the other hand, the output axis closes outwards to a maximum extent with the outer surface of the milling drum box. This makes it possible to accommodate the region of the coupling of the drive axle to the output shaft in the region of the side wall in order to simultaneously consume little space in the interior of the Fräswalzenkastens and keep the docking area almost without supernatant to the outside of the Fräswalzenkastenbereiches to direct directing the side plate in the vertical direction to allow the outside of the Fräswalzenkastens.

Ideal sealing results are of course obtained with the arrangement according to the invention when the side shield is closed and formed substantially as a continuous surface. The training as a continuous surface is advantageous in that then independent from the height adjustment of the side shield there is no danger that milled material from the interior of the Fräswalzenkastens by leaking in the side plate previously common outlets to the outside emerges. The Seitenschildeinwölbung invention now makes it possible that the side plate can be substantially flat and uninterrupted and at the same time much larger (especially in the vertical direction) than previously formed in the prior art, as in the vertical direction upwards through the Seitenschildeinvölbung more space is created upwards.

In addition to the space additionally created in the vertical direction with the side shield concavity, it is possible to provide the side shield with a notch in the upper edge region in the vertical direction, which is ideally also adapted to the contour of the side shield concavity of the housing. By means of the notch can thus be obtained a cutout in the edge region of the side plate, can be taken with the in the adjustment of the side plate projecting portions of the housing during startup of the side plate. Overall, the side plate can be adjusted in this embodiment relative to the housing even further in the vertical direction upwards.

It is particularly favorable if the guidance of the side plate takes place directly on the milling roller box or on the housing and without additional sealing elements between the side plate and the milling roller box. By this seal-free embodiment, the assembly and maintenance of a side shield assembly can be substantially simplified. The Seitenschildeinwölbung allows such direct guidance on Fräswalzenkasten, since due to the Seitenschildeinwölbung can be dispensed with additional sealing elements. The side plate is additionally preferably solid at the same time and free of openings, at least over a large vertical area. This is particularly well possible in the present case due to the Seitenschildein vaults.

Fig. 1

eine Baumaschine in perspektivischer Ansicht von schräg hinten;

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Schrägansicht von hinten auf die Antriebsseite des Fräswalzenkastens mit hochgefahrenem Seitenschild;

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Schrägansicht von hinten auf die Antriebsseite des Fräswalzenkastens gemäß Fig. 2 mit heruntergefahrenem Seitenschild;

Fig. 4

eine Seitenansicht auf das in einem Gehäuse angeordnete Antriebsgetriebe aus den Figuren 1 bis 3;

Fig. 5

ein Ausschnitt einer schematischen Schnittansicht durch das in die Baumaschine eingebaute Antriebsgetriebe; und

Fig. 6

eine Draufsicht auf den schematischen Aufbau des Antriebsgetriebes.

The invention will be further explained with reference to the embodiment shown in FIGS. They show schematically:

Fig. 1

a construction machine in a perspective view obliquely from behind;

Fig. 2

an oblique perspective view from the rear of the drive side of the Fräswalzenkastens with raised side shield;

Fig. 3

a perspective oblique view from behind to the drive side of the Fräswalzenkastens according to Fig. 2 with lowered side shield;

Fig. 4

a side view of the arranged in a housing drive gear from Figures 1 to 3;

Fig. 5

a detail of a schematic sectional view through the built-in construction machine drive gear; and

Fig. 6

a plan view of the schematic structure of the drive gear.

Repeating components are indicated in the figures with the same reference numerals.

At the in Fig. 1 An essential element of the cold milling machine 1 is a machine frame 2, on which a front wheel pair 3 (only the front right front wheel is in Fig. 1 visible) and a rear wheel pair 4 (only the right rear wheel is in Fig. 1 visible) are arranged. The rear wheels 4 are each articulated via a lifting column on the machine frame and vertically adjustable along the arrow direction c. This allows a lowering of the machine in the rear area, which can be used for example to regulate the milling depth. In order to enable a near-edge milling with the cold planer 1, which is located on the side of the machine frame 3 rear wheel 4, on which the in Fig. 1 invisible milling drum almost flush with the machine frame (hereinafter also referred to as the zero side), from a projecting on the machine frame 2 Ausschwenkposition (according to Fig. 1 ) in a pivoting position, in which the rear wheel 4 with respect to the machine frame 2 and the end face of the milling drum on the zero side is free of protrusions. For this purpose, a corresponding pivoting mechanism on the cold milling 1 is present. In the rear area of the cold milling machine, an operator workstation 5 is furthermore arranged, comprising an operator console, not further specified, a seat and further components for guiding the machine. To drive the machine functions, in particular the front wheels 3 and the rear wheels 4, and the pivot mechanism and the rotational movement of the milling drum, an internal combustion engine 8 is provided, which supplies a corresponding hydraulic system with drive energy

Below the operator workstation is a milling drum (in Fig. 1 not visible) arranged, which is at least partially surrounded by a Fräswalzenkasten 6 to the sides, forwards and upwards, of the in Fig. 1 in particular the outside or on the null side lying side wall 7 is visible. On the side wall 7 of the Fräswalzenkastens 6 also a side plate 9 is arranged, which is vertically adjustable in the vertical direction. Towards the rear, a scraper 10 arranged close to the ground is present, which delimits an outlet opening 11 towards the bottom, via which milling material can be transported out of the milling drum box 6. For this purpose, for example, a suitable Conveyor be arranged on the machine frame 2, which is not shown in the figures. On the opposite side of the milling drum box is another side plate (in Fig. 1 not visible) present, which on the drive side, ie on the side on which the drive gear is led out of the Fräswalzenkasten 6, is arranged. This side plate is also adjustable in height along the arrow b and is formed in the Figures 2 and 3 explained in more detail. The Figures 2 and 3 are perspective oblique views from the viewing direction d in Fig. 1 on the back of the machine with the Fräswalzenkasten 6. The side plate located on the zero side 9 and a part of the Fräswalzenkasten 6 to the zero side limiting side wall and the scraper 10 are in the Figures 2 and 3 not shown for clarity.

According to the Figures 2 and 3 the milling drum 13 is mounted with its horizontal axis transversely to the working direction a in the Fräswalzenkasten 6 and has on its outer surface a number of chisel tools for surface treatment (in the Figures 2 and 3 the bit holders 14 are shown without the corresponding bit inserts). In working mode, the milling drum 13 rotates in the direction of arrow d about the axis of rotation 28. Die Figures 2 and 3 Spatially separated from the milling drum 6 and the "Fräswalzenkompartiment" a "drive compartment" is provided in which, inter alia, parts of a drive gear for connection to the drive are housed. The two compartments are arranged side by side along the axis of rotation 28 of the milling drum 13.

On the outside of the machine frame opposite inside of the Fräswalzenkastens 6 of the Fräswalzenkasten 6 is bounded by a side wall 15 laterally to the adjacent drive compartment. On the side wall 15 which is also adjustable in the direction of arrow b side plate 16 is arranged, which is in Fig. 2 in his maximum superscript and in Fig. 3 is in its maximum lowered position. To adjust the height of the side plate 16 relative to the fixed relative to the machine frame side wall 15, two hydraulically driven cylinder-piston units 17 are provided, which are also used to determine the side plate 16 in its respective position by means of a non-illustrated suitable valve control. Of course, with this valve control a determination of the side plate 16 in intermediate positions between the two in the Figures 2 and 3 shown positions of the side plate 16 possible. Especially Fig. 3 illustrates that the side plate 16 with its vertically upwardly facing portion in a Seitenschieldbulbung 35 of the housing 24 of the drive gear is movable into. The Seitenschildeinwölbung 35 is formed by the housing 24 of the drive gear and allows the side plate 16 immersed with its upper edge quasi in the housing 24 in the raised state. Thus, the side plate 16 can be formed wider in the vertical direction, which ultimately better clearance results can be obtained in the interior of the Fräswalzenkastens. The construction of the side shield concavity 35 will be described in more detail below.

To guide the side plate 16 on the one hand a slot guide 18 in the side wall 15 of the Fräswalzenkastens 6 is present, in which a perpendicular to the interior of the Fräswalzenkastens 6 projecting collecting sheet is guided, which is fixedly connected to the side plate 16. Further, a Umgriffelement 19 is disposed on the side wall 15, which surrounds the rear vertical longitudinal edge of the side plate 16 partially and in this way forms a vertical guide for the side plate 16. It is also another in the Figures 2 and 3 invisible Umgriffelement present, which is the side plate 16 is arranged on the opposite side and the front vertical longitudinal edge of the side plate 16 engages, so that the side plate 16 is guided at both vertical longitudinal edges in each case by a Umgriffelement in the vertical direction. The Umgriffelement 19 also acts as Verstellbegrenzung in the form of a stop, against the present on the side plate 16 projecting stop lugs at maximum increase (the lower stop lug 22 beats from below against the Umgriffelement 19 according to Fig. 2 on) or maximum lowering (the upper stop lug 21 strikes from above against the Umgriffelement according to Fig. 3 on) and thus prevents the side plate from further shifting beyond these two maximum positions.

During operation of the cold milling machine 1, the milling drum 13 is set in rotation in the direction of arrow d about its longitudinal axis 28. The required drive power is provided by the drive 8, an internal combustion engine, not shown. Between this drive and the milling drum 13, a drive gear 23 is provided for transmitting the driving force, comprising a housing 24, a drive axle 25 and an output shaft 26. To initiate the driving force in the drive gear is followed by a clutch, a V-belt unit and an angle gear to the engine (not visible, closer to Fig. 6 removable). The drive gear 23 is thus part of a total transmission, which is arranged between the drive element and the milling rotor. In the vertical direction (y-direction), the drive axle 25 is arranged higher in relation to the output shaft 26 or offset upwards, as is the case in particular in FIG Fig. 4 is further clarified.

Fig. 4 illustrates first that the housing 24 has a vertically upper part B and a vertically lower part A, which partially overlap in their mutually facing area. In the upper part B is substantially the drive shaft 25 and the lower part A substantially the output shaft 26 housed in the housing 24. Due to the height offset of the lower part A relative to the upper part B, the vertically stepped housing 24 is obtained.

The longitudinal axis 27 of the drive axle 25 is arranged in the housing 24 by the offset e in a vertical direction over the longitudinal axis 28 of the output shaft 26. The longitudinal axis 28 of the output shaft 26 is also coaxial with the axis of rotation of the milling drum 13 and is connected to this with its end face 29 via unspecified connection elements. On its opposite end face (in the housing 24), the output shaft 26 is functionally coupled to the drive shaft 25 located higher in the vertical direction. The region in which the functional coupling takes place is referred to as coupling region 30. This coupling region 30 is according to Fig. 4 approximately in the center of the housing 24 with respect to the longitudinal axes 27 and 28. The horizontal width of the coupling region along the longitudinal axes 27 and 28 is in Fig. 4 indicated with the curly bracket.

Specifically, a gear is arranged on the drive shaft 25, which engages for driving force transmission in a arranged on the output shaft 26 gear, as in Fig. 5 is illustrated in more detail. In the coupling region 30, the drive shaft 25 and the output shaft 26 thus overlap in the vertical direction in the region of their mutually facing front ends and form a spur gear. At its end face 31 opposite to the coupling region 30, the drive axle 25 is connected via further elements which are not shown in detail, and which may in particular also comprise a further gear step angularly offset by 90 ° in the horizontal plane, as in FIG Fig. 6 indicated, finally connected to the drive. The output shaft is concretely coupled via a not-shown planetary gear functionally to the cylinder of the milling drum. Overall, the drive gear 23 with the housing 24 thus has a vertically stepped construction with a housing stage 33, in which the area surrounding the drive axis 25 is formed higher in the vertical direction than the area surrounding the output axis.

The effect of the stepped design of the drive gear 23 and the structure and effect of the Seitenschieldinwölbung 35 on the height adjustment of the side plate 16 on the drive side of the Fräswalzenkastens 6 is in an overall view of Figures 2 and 3 as well as in particular Fig. 5 illustrated in more detail. Fig. 5 is based on the details set forth in the preceding figures with the exception of details given below. Fig. 5 gives the inventive design of the housing 24 with the Seitenschildeinvolvement and its relative arrangement to the side plate in a schematic enlarged detail again. The Fig. 5 shown cut-out portion of the housing 24 is in Fig. 4 indicated by the bracket I. In contrast to Fig. 4 is in Fig. 5 Furthermore, the Fräswalzenkasten 15 and the side plate 16 indicated to further illustrate the interaction of these elements with the Seitenschildein vaults 35.

The drive gear 23 is passed through the side wall 15 in such a way that the coupling portion 30 is located substantially in the plane of the side wall 15 and within the area overlapped by the milling rotor, as with respect to the side wall 15 in FIG Fig. 4 is indicated by the dashed line. The desired height offset of the drive shaft 25 relative to the output shaft 26 thus takes place substantially directly in the region of the side wall 16 of the milling drum 6, or, if the gear stage is inside the milling rotor, in the region on the side wall 16. This makes it possible, the drive axle 25th relative to the axis of rotation of the milling drum 13 (corresponding to the longitudinal axis 28 of the output shaft) leading out of the Fräswalzenkasten out, so that the side plate 16 can be pushed away at an increase over the longitudinal axis 28 of the output shaft 26 and not prevented by elements of the output shaft 26 at a vertical adjustment upwards becomes. Rather, the side shield 16 can be raised so far that it intersects the longitudinal axis 28 of the output shaft 26. Rather, the side shield 16 is prevented from continuing the lifting movement until it abuts against the higher part of the housing 24 in the vertical direction by accommodating the highly offset drive axle 25. By Seitenschildeinwölbung 35 of this projecting into the adjustment of the side plate 16 part of the housing 24 in the vertical direction is further offset upwards, as it is in particular also made Fig. 5 further results. Thus, the side plate with respect to its vertical extent considerably wider continuous or closed are formed upwards, which in particular succeeds a more efficient side seal with lowered side plate on the Abdichtseite.

The dimensioning of the Seitenschieldinwölbung 35 may vary in terms of vertical height VH and axial width AB (width in the direction or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the drive shaft 25 and the output shaft 26). In the present embodiment, its width AB is substantially greater than the thickness D of the side plate 16. The height HV of the Seitenschildeinwölbung is structurally limited in the vertical direction upwards by the position of the drive shaft 25. The FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate further that in the present embodiment the Seitenschieldinvölbung 35 in the axial direction of the output shaft 24 directly adjacent to the step of the housing 24 between the upper part B and the lower part A, so that the vertical wall of the housing stage forms the output axis 24 facing side wall of the Seitenschieldinwölbung 35 , The height of the housing stage is determined by the maximum extent of the housing 24 in the radial direction to the drive axle 25 and the output shaft 24 in the vertical direction downwards and is in Fig. 5 marked by GS. The side shield concavity 35 further has a rounded profile in the vertically upper direction. The Seitenschieldinvolbung is further formed to the lower part B of the housing 24 substantially from the front side wall of the housing 24 of the lower part B, which terminates almost flush with the outer side wall 15 of the Fräswalzenkastens 6.

Differences in the Seitenschieldin vaulting according to the FIGS. 2 to 4 and the Fig. 5 lie essentially in the respective profile of Seitenschildein vaults 35 and their three-dimensional design. The side shield vault in the FIGS. 2 to 4 is formed in the form of a constriction, which surrounds the housing 24 annular and is traversed by the drive shaft 25. The housing has in the region of the concavity 25 thus almost the shape of a single-walled hyperboloid, wherein the two sides are not specifically formed concretely. In Fig. 5 is the concavity 35, however, not the drive shaft 25 circumferentially formed, but only in the lower vertical direction of the housing in such a way that the side plate 16 in this Seitenschildeinwölbung 35 is movable. The substantially cylinder-like housing 24 in this area thus has a wedge-like cutout coming from below. The transition region of the Seitenschildeinvölbung 35 is not rounded in this embodiment in the longitudinal direction of the drive axle 25 further, as in the FIGS. 2 to 4 but almost at right angles.

From the schematic sectional view of Fig. 5 It can also be seen that the drive shaft 25 and the output shaft 24 are functionally connected to each other via a gear transmission. This gear transmission comprises a toothed wheel 36 arranged on the drive axle 25 and a toothed wheel 37 arranged on the output shaft 24 and arranged on the mutually facing front ends of the drive axle 25 and the output axle 24 and in a common direction vertical transmission plane lying in each other to engage in power transmission. The housing 24 is inserted together with the drive gear in the manner in the side wall 15 of the Fräswalzenkastens 6, that the coupling portion 30 between the drive shaft 25 and the output shaft 24 is located substantially in the interior of the Fräswalzenkastens 6. This allows the guide of the side plate 16 directly to the side wall 15th

In order to increase the maximum adjustment path of the side plate 16, a notch 32 with a semicircular contour is also present in the side plate 16. The contour of the notch 32 is adapted to the abutment region of the side plate 16 on the housing 24. Thus, the side plate 16 can be additionally raised by the vertical offset f, so that the Gesamtverstellbereich the side plate 16 is further increased in the vertical direction.

Fig. 6 finally clarifies the structure of the entire gear train from the drive motor 50 to the milling drum 13th Fig. 6 is a plan view of the construction machine 1. The drive motor 50 drives a motor shaft 51, which lies with its longitudinal axis or its axis of rotation in the working direction a of the construction machine 1. The motor shaft 51 drives a V-belt pulley 52, which together with a V-belt 53 and another V-belt pulley 54 is part of a V-belt transmission, which transmits the drive power of the drive motor 50 to a subsequent to the V-belt transmission bevel gear. The angular gear comprises two bevel gears 55 and 56, over which ultimately a deflection of the lying with its axis of rotation in the longitudinal direction or working direction a rotational movement in a rotational movement with transverse to the direction of rotation axis. The deflection is thus concretely 90 °. At the output side bevel gear 56, finally, the upper gear part 25 connects and the milling drum 13 down the gear train is in the in Fig. 5 as indicated. The height offset between upper 25 and lower 26 gear part is off Fig. 6 not removable, since this is a top view. In order to distinguish the upper gear part 25 from the lower gear part 26, the lower gear part 26 is shown in dashed lines and the upper gear part 25 in a solid line. Fig. 6 further clarifies that the cylindrical milling drum at the in Fig. 6 illustrated embodiment, the spur gear formed by the gears 36 and 37 overlaps in the axial direction of the axis of rotation. The spur gear is arranged in this embodiment, in other words, within the milling rotor 13.

Claims (15)

1. A construction machine (1) for processing a road surface, in particular a road milling machine (1), comprising:

   - a horizontally rotatable milling drum (13) arranged in a milling drum box (6),

   - a drive device having a drive arranged outside the milling drum box (6), the drive shaft of which drive extends in the longitudinal direction of the machine, and a drive transmission (23), which is configured in such a way that it transmits a drive force from the drive to the milling drum (13), which transmission is configured in a stepped manner having a gear stage, which comprises a bottom transmission part (A) and an upper transmission part (B), wherein the offset formed by the gear stage is most great, and which drive transmission is guided from outside through a side wall (15) of the milling drum box (6) to the milling drum (13),

   - in the bottom transmission part (A) a driven axle (26) and in the upper transmission part (B) a driving axle (25) running parallel to the driven axle (26) and functionally coupled to the driven axle (26), wherein the bottom transmission part (A) is arranged essentially in the milling drum box (6) and the upper transmission part (B) is arranged essentially outside the milling drum box (6), and wherein the upper transmission part (B) is followed by an angular gears for the functional connection to the drive shaft of the drive,
   characterized in that

   - a side plate of the construction machine height-adjustable relative to the milling drum box (6) is configured to have an unchangeable area, and

   - a housing (24) shielding the drive transmission (23) off toward the outside at least in the region of the gear stage and having a housing stage (33) comprising - in the vertical direction - an upper and a bottom region, wherein the housing comprises a side plate bulging (35) in the upper region of the housing stage, into which bulging the side plate can be driven into when being lifted.
2. The construction machine (1) according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   a v-belt transmission is arranged between the drive shaft and the angular gears.
3. The construction machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the side plate bulging (35) is directly adjacent to the housing stage (33) in the axial direction of the driving axle (25).
4. The construction machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the side plate bulging (35) is configured circumferentially around the housing (24).
5. The construction machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the side plate bulging (35) is configured annularly.
6. The construction machine (1) according to claim 5,
   characterized in that
   the annular side plate bulging (35) has a rounded profile (35).
7. The construction machine according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the driving axle (25) is formed by multiple members having at least two functionally-coupled axle members.
8. The construction machine according to claim 7,
   characterized in that
   the at least two axle members of the driving axle (25) are disposed perpendicular to one another in terms of their longitudinal axes.
9. The construction machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the end on the face side of the driving axle (25) facing the milling drum (13) is guided through the side wall (15) of the milling drum box (6).
10. The construction machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    for coupling the driving axle (25) to the driven axle (26), a gear transmission is provided, wherein a gear wheel (36) on the driving axle (25) and a gear wheel (37) on the driven axle (26) are in each case arranged on the face side.
11. The construction machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the housing (24) is guided through the side wall (15) at the height of a housing stage (33) in the staged region of the drive transmission.
12. The construction machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the side plate (16) comprises a stopping edge (32) in the upper edge region in the vertical direction, the contour of which edge is at least partially complementary to the contour of the side plate bulging of the housing (24).
13. The construction machine (1) according to claim 12,
    characterized in that
    the stopping edge comprises a groove.
14. The construction machine (1) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the guidance of the side plate (16) is configured in such a way that it is guided directly along the housing (24).
15. The construction machine according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the side plate bulging (35) is configured in such a way that the side plate crosses the longitudinal axis of the bottom transmission part (A) in the lifted state.

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