EP2372285B1 - Wärmetauscher mit Rohren und Verfahren für den Zusammenbau eines solchen Wärmetauschers - Google Patents

Wärmetauscher mit Rohren und Verfahren für den Zusammenbau eines solchen Wärmetauschers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2372285B1
EP2372285B1 EP11158947A EP11158947A EP2372285B1 EP 2372285 B1 EP2372285 B1 EP 2372285B1 EP 11158947 A EP11158947 A EP 11158947A EP 11158947 A EP11158947 A EP 11158947A EP 2372285 B1 EP2372285 B1 EP 2372285B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
orifices
regulating plate
plate
partition plate
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP11158947A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2372285A9 (de
EP2372285A1 (de
Inventor
Fabien Couturier
Marc Altazin
Thierry Janel
Christophe Marvillet
Slimane Mohamed Meziani
Jacky Bastard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Industrielle dApplications Thermiques SA CIAT
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Compagnie Industrielle dApplications Thermiques SA CIAT
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0229—Double end plates; Single end plates with hollow spaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/0278—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of stacked distribution plates or perforated plates arranged over end plates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger comprising tubes for circulating a coolant and a method of assembling such a heat exchanger.
  • An exchanger corresponding to the preamble of claim 1 is known from JP 09061071 . This exchanger is produced by a process corresponding to the preamble of claim 10.
  • FR-A-2,766,914 In the field of heat exchangers, it is known, for example FR-A-2,766,914 to produce a heat exchanger by installing tubes for circulating a heat transfer fluid inside an envelope in which another fluid that is to be treated, that is to say to cool or to heat, circulates, in contact with aforementioned tubes.
  • the tubes are supplied with heat transfer fluid from a distribution chamber formed inside the exchanger and itself fed from a heat transfer fluid supply pipe.
  • the tubes are configured in U, so that the inlet and the outlet of the coolant in the heat exchanger take place on the same side.
  • the invention applies to this type of heat exchanger and to the heat exchangers in which the heat transfer fluid inlet takes place on one side, while its outlet takes place on the other side, so that the heat transfer fluid follows a path rectilinear in the tubes.
  • WO-2007/126619 provides the use of baffles disposed within a cover that defines an inlet box for a tube exchanger, while a base plate is used to hold the tubes in place. Such a solution does not affect the passage section of the coolant towards the tubes.
  • the invention intends to remedy more particularly by proposing a new heat exchanger whose assembly is easy and in which a distribution chamber can be effectively used to supply the heat transfer fluid circulation tubes.
  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger comprising tubes for circulating a heat transfer fluid arranged inside a circulating envelope of a fluid to be treated, this exchanger defining a heat transfer fluid distribution chamber. upstream of the tubes and being provided with a separating plate of the distribution chamber and a circulation volume of the fluid to be treated, while the tubes are engaged in corresponding holes of the separating plate.
  • at least one flow control plate is arranged in abutment against the separating plate, on the side of the distribution chamber, the regulating plate is provided with orifices aligned with at least some holes of the plate. of distribution, inserts each capable of exerting a thrust force of the regulating plate against the separating plate are each engaged in an orifice of the regulating plate and in a tube and these inserts are stuck in the tubes in which they are incurred.
  • the inserts make it possible to effectively fix the flow control plate against the separating plate, providing a sealing support between these plates, without the need for a seal.
  • the orifices of the regulating plate which are not occupied by inserts constitute calibrated orifices for the passage of the coolant with a given flow rate and / or pressure.
  • the heat exchanger 2 shown in the figures comprises a set of tubes 4 which extend in parallel with each other between a chamber 6 for admission of a heat transfer fluid and a heat transfer fluid collection chamber 8 after this It passes through the tubes 4.
  • the exchanger 2 can be used with any type of known heat transfer fluid, for example a fluid type HFC (hydrofluorocarbon), HFO (hydrofluorolefine) or CO 2 .
  • the tubes 4 are metallic and their upstream ends 42 are embedded in a metal separating plate 10, while their downstream ends 44 are embedded in another separation plate 12 which is also metallic.
  • the elements 4, 10 and 12 are arranged inside a cylindrical envelope 14 with a generally circular section, this envelope being closed by an inlet flange 16, on the side of the plate 10 and by an outlet flange 18, on the side of the plate 14.
  • one of the tubes 4 is represented in phantom, which shows the shape of one of the holes 102.
  • a pipe 20 for supplying heat transfer fluid to the exchanger 2 is mounted on the flange 16 and opens into the chamber 6 through a distributor 22 which may be of the known type of FR-A-2,766,914 or another type.
  • a pipe 24 for discharging the heat transfer fluid from the chamber 8 is mounted on the flange 18.
  • X 2 is a longitudinal and central axis of the exchanger 2.
  • the tubes 4 extend parallel to this axis, between the plates 10 and 12.
  • the chambers 6 and 8 can be provided on the same side of the casing 14, the tubes 4 then being bent U-shaped, as in the heat exchanger FR-A-2,766,914 .
  • An inlet pipe 26 and an outlet pipe 28 are connected to the volume V 14 defined inside the shell 14, between the plates 10 and 12. It is thus possible to circulate a fluid to be treated. That is to say to cool or reheat, the tubing 26 to the tubing 28, inside the casing 14, this fluid being in contact with the different tubes 4 with which it exchanges heat.
  • the circulation of this fluid to be treated is represented by the arrows F 1 at the figure 1 .
  • regulation plates 30 are mounted against the partition plate 10 on the side of the face 101 of the plate 10 facing the chamber 6.
  • Each regulating plate is provided with calibrated orifices 302 which are circular and whose diameter is D 302 .
  • the plate 10 As shown in figure 5 , the plate 10, of which only the lower half is shown in this figure, is provided with a plurality of zones Z 1 , Z 2 , ... in which are formed the bores 102 for receiving the tubes 4.
  • the thickness e 10 of the plate 10 measured parallel to the axis X 2 is between 10 and 30 mm, this plate having a function of stiffening the casing 14 and maintaining the position of the tubes 4.
  • the axial thickness e 30 of each plate 30 is much smaller than the thickness e 10 , in particular between 2 and 5 mm.
  • the regulating plate 30 has a substantially fluidic function and is reinforced by the partition plate 10, because of its mounting on this separator plate.
  • the ratio e 30 / e 10 is less than 0.5, preferably 0.2, more preferably of the order of 0.1.
  • each regulating plate 30 on the separating plate 10 is ensured by inserts 40 which are engaged both in dedicated orifices 304 formed in each regulating plate 30 and in the end 42 of a tube 4. place in one of the holes 102.
  • each insert 40 has a rod 402 of generally frustoconical shape whose outer diameter varies between a maximum value D 402M and a minimum value D 402m away from a peripheral flange 404 which constitutes a head for such an insert.
  • the diameter D 304 of an orifice 304 is slightly greater, by a few percent, with the diameter D 402M , which makes it possible to easily insert an insert 40 into each orifice 304.
  • the diameter D 304 is much greater, at least twice as high. at the diameter D 302 .
  • Each insert 40 is pierced with a longitudinal channel 46 with a circular section and whose diameter D 406 is constant.
  • the diameter D 406 is chosen equal to the diameter D 302 , so that the passage section of the orifices 302 is identical to the passage section of the channels 406.
  • the values of the diameters D 402M , D 402m , D 102 and D 42 are chosen so as to allow immobilization by wedging, by shape cooperation, of each insert 40 passing through an orifice 304 inside the end 42 of a tube 4 disposed in a bore 102 aligned with this orifice 304.
  • each regulating plate 30 is provided with a number of orifices 302 and 304 equal to the number of holes 102 of zone Z 1 , or equivalent, of the separating plate 10 on which it must be mounted.
  • the positioning of the orifices 302 and 304 on the plate 30 is determined such that each orifice 302 or 304 is opposite a bore 102.
  • tubes 4 whose ends 42 are received in bores 102 aligned with orifices 302 are fed from the chamber 6 through the orifices 302 whose diameter D 302 makes it possible to regulate the coolant flow of the chamber 6 to the tubes 4, in particular by creating a pressure drop.
  • tubes 4 whose ends 42 are disposed in holes 102 aligned with the orifices 304 are fed through the channels 406 of the inserts 40 which also provide a pressure regulating function.
  • each insert 40 is positioned so that its flange 404 exerts a force E 40 which pushes and firmly holds the regulating plate 30 against the face 101 of the separating plate 10.
  • E 40 force which pushes and firmly holds the regulating plate 30 against the face 101 of the separating plate 10.
  • the orifices of a regulating plate 30 are dedicated to receiving inserts 40 for fixing this plate to the separating plate 10, the majority of the orifices of the plate 30 being of the type of the orifices 302.
  • the orifices 304 are less than 20%, preferably less than 10%, of the number of orifices 302.
  • each plate 30 has more than one hundred fifty orifices 302 and only five orifices 304.
  • the different zones Z 1 and equivalent of the plate 10 in which are formed the holes 102 are separated by solid areas, in the example of the branches substantially rectilinear 106 which are connected to a peripheral band 108 also devoid of holes 102.
  • some of the inserts 40, or all these inserts may be devoid of channel 406. This is however less advantageous insofar as, in this case, the tubes 4 into which the inserts penetrate 40 are not supplied with heat transfer fluid.
  • the number of orifices of a plate 30 may be less than the number of holes in the zone of the separating plate on which it is mounted. In this case, some of the tubes 4 are not supplied with heat transfer fluid.
  • diameters D 302 and D 406 are representative of the heat transfer fluid passage sections, respectively in the orifices 302 and in the channels 406, that is to say the area of the transverse sections of the orifices 302 and channels 406.
  • diameter D 304 is representative of the section of orifices 304.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Wärmetauscher (2), der Rohre (4) für die Zirkulation eines Wärmemediums umfasst, die im Inneren eines Mantels (14) für die Zirkulation (F1) eines zu behandelnden Fluids angeordnet sind, wobei dieser Tauscher eine Kammer (6) zur Verteilung von Wärmemedium stromaufwärts zu den Rohren definiert und mit einer Platte (10) zur Trennung der Vertellungskammer von einem Zirkulationsvolumen (V14, F1) des zu behandelnden Fluids versehen ist, wobei die Rohre in korrespondierende Bohrungen (102) der Trennplatte eingreifen und mindestens eine Platte (30) zur Regulierung des Durchflusses in Anlage gegen eine Fläche (101) der Trennplatte an der Seite der Vertellungskammer (6) angeordnet ist, wobei die Regulierungsplatte mit Öffnungen (302, 304) ausgerüstet ist, die mit mindestens einigen der Bohrungen (102) der Trennplatte (10) ausgerichtet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Einsätze (40), die in der Lage sind, jeder eine Kraft (E40) zum Drücken der Regulierungsplatte gegen die Trennplatte auszuüben, jeweils in eine Öffnung (304) der Regulierungsplatte und in ein Rohr (4) eingreifen und dass die Einsätze in den Rohren, in die sie eingreifen, verklemmt sind.
  2. Tauscher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens einige der Einsätze (40), vorzugsweise alle Einsätze, mit einem Längskanal (406) für die Zirkulation von Wärmemedium von der Verteilungskammer (6) zu dem Innenvolumen eines Rohrs (4) durchbohrt sind.
  3. Tauscher nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Querschnitt (D406) des Längskanals (406) eines Einsatzes (40) einen Flächeninhalt gleich dem Querschnitt (D302) einer Öffnung (302) der Trennplatte (30) hat, die keinen Einsatz aufweist.
  4. Tauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Regulierungsplatte (30) mit ersten Öffnungen (302), die dem Durchgang von Wärmemedium zugeordnet sind, von der Verteilungskammer (6) zu den Rohren (4) und mit zweiten Öffnungen (304), die angepasst sind, einen Teil (402) eines Einsatzes (40) aufzunehmen, mit einem Querschnitt (D304), der größer ist als der Querschnitt (D302) der ersten Öffnungen, versehen ist.
  5. Tauscher nach den Ansprüchen 2 und 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweiten Öffnungen (304) der Regulierungsplatte (30) von einer Anzahl sind, die kleiner als 20%, vorzugsweise kleiner als 10% der Anzahl der ersten Öffnungen (302) sind.
  6. Tauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Anzahl der Öffnungen (302, 304) der Regulierungsplatte (30) gleich der Anzahl der Durchbohrungen (104) eines Bereichs (Z1) der Trennplatte (10) ist, der gegenüber der Regulierungsplatte angeordnet ist.
  7. Tauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Regulierungsplatte (30) in dichter Anlage gegen die Trennplatte (10) ohne Zwischenschaltung einer Dichtung durch die Wirkung von durch die Einsätze (40) ausgeübten Druckkräften (E40) gehalten ist.
  8. Tauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder Einsatz (40) einen kegelstumpfförmigen Stift (402), der ausgebildet ist, sowohl in eine Öffnung (304) der Regulierungsplatte (30) als auch in ein Rohr (4) einzugreifen, sowie einen Umfangskragen (404) aufweist, der sich radial um den Körper erstreckt und ausgebildet ist, auf die Regulierungsplatte eine Druckkraft (E30) in Richtung der Trennplatte (10) auszuüben.
  9. Tauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Trennplatte (10) Zonen (Z1) umfasst, in denen Bohrungen (102) zur Aufnahme der Rohre (4) eingearbeitet sind, wobei diese Zonen durch Zonen (106), die keine solche Bohrungen aufweisen, getrennt sind und dass die oder jede Regulierungsplatte (10) in Anlage gegen die Trennplatte festgelegt ist und eine Zone (Z1) der Trennplatte überdeckt.
  10. Verfahren zum Zusammenfügen eines Wärmetauschers (2), der Rohre (4) für die Zirkulation eines Wärmemediums umfasst, die Im Inneren eines Mantels (14) für die Zirkulation (F1) eines zu behandelnden Fluids angeordnet sind, wobei dieser Tauscher eine Kammer (6) zur Verteilung von Wärmemedium stromaufwärts zu den Rohren definiert und mit einer Platte (10) zur Trennung der Vertellungskammer (6) und eines Volumens (V14) für die Zirkulation des zu behandelnden Fluids versehen ist, wobei die Rohre in korrespondierenden Bohrungen (102) der Trennplatte eingreifen, wobei das Verfahren einen Schritt umfasst, der darin besteht:
    a) mindestens eine Platte für die Regulierung des Durchflusses (30), die mit Öffnungen (302, 304) versehen ist, in Anlage gegen eine Fläche (101) der Trennplatte (10) anzuordnen und
    das Verfahren durch einen Schritt gekennzeichnet ist, das darin besteht;
    b) die Regulierungsplatte in dichter Anlage gegen die Fläche der Trennplatte festzulegen, indem Einsätze (40), die geeignet sind, eine Druckkraft (E40) auf die Regulierungsplatte auszuüben, in einige Öffnungen (304) der Regulierungsplatte und in einige Rohre (4) eingeführt werden und indem diese Einsätze in diesen Rohren verklemmt werden.
EP11158947A 2010-03-22 2011-03-21 Wärmetauscher mit Rohren und Verfahren für den Zusammenbau eines solchen Wärmetauschers Active EP2372285B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1052042A FR2957664B1 (fr) 2010-03-22 2010-03-22 Echangeur thermique a tubes et procede d'assemblage d'un tel echangeur

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2372285A1 EP2372285A1 (de) 2011-10-05
EP2372285A9 EP2372285A9 (de) 2012-05-09
EP2372285B1 true EP2372285B1 (de) 2012-10-31

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EP (1) EP2372285B1 (de)
FR (1) FR2957664B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019120096A1 (de) * 2019-07-25 2021-01-28 Kelvion Machine Cooling Systems Gmbh Rohrbündelwärmetauscher

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1841528A (en) * 1930-02-03 1932-01-19 Gebhardt Co Heat transfer apparatus
JP3052121B2 (ja) * 1995-08-22 2000-06-12 株式会社ショウエイ 熱交換器
IT240166Y1 (it) 1996-08-20 2001-03-26 Provides S R L Perfezionamenti agli impianti di climatizzazione ed in particolareagli scambiatori di calore.
FR2766914B1 (fr) 1997-07-29 1999-10-29 D Applic Thermiques Comp Ind Distributeur destine a equiper les echangeurs thermiques intratubulaires des installations de refroidissement a fluide frigorigene de type diphasique
US20070235173A1 (en) 2006-04-10 2007-10-11 Aaf-Mcquary Inc. Shell and tube evaporator

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Publication number Publication date
FR2957664A1 (fr) 2011-09-23
EP2372285A9 (de) 2012-05-09
FR2957664B1 (fr) 2012-04-20
EP2372285A1 (de) 2011-10-05

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