EP2363217A1 - Method and apparatus for forming workpieces by local heating thereof - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for forming workpieces by local heating thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2363217A1
EP2363217A1 EP11153208A EP11153208A EP2363217A1 EP 2363217 A1 EP2363217 A1 EP 2363217A1 EP 11153208 A EP11153208 A EP 11153208A EP 11153208 A EP11153208 A EP 11153208A EP 2363217 A1 EP2363217 A1 EP 2363217A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
forming
workpiece
tool
inductor
elements
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Granted
Application number
EP11153208A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2363217B1 (en
Inventor
Valérie FRUSTIE
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Airbus Operations SAS
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Airbus Operations SAS
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Publication of EP2363217A1 publication Critical patent/EP2363217A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/101—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications for local heating of metal pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
    • B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
    • B21D37/16—Heating or cooling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for forming parts comprising localized hot forming.
  • the process of the invention is particularly applicable to the forming of very large thick parts having no cold forming ability.
  • a material known to be unsuitable for cold forming is the titanium alloy known under the acronym TA6Vbeta.
  • Hot forming results in greater elongation before breaking than when deforming a cold material.
  • the object of the invention is distinguished from hot forming which consists of a general heating of the workpiece and the tool.
  • the method of the invention uses induction heating so that only the portion to be deformed is heated.
  • Induction heating is known in applications where the room is heated in its entirety. It is used in this case before forming. It is also known in tube bending applications and in these applications an inductor surrounds a section of the tube to be bent.
  • the present invention provides a parts forming method which comprises a step of positioning a workpiece in a cold press, at least one step of applying a localized induction field adapted to carry a part identified part at a temperature adapted to the deformation of said portion and at least one step of applying a deformation tool on said identified heated portion, the tool performing a hot forming of the identified part.
  • the step of positioning the workpiece in a cold press advantageously comprises positioning the workpiece on a lower die and laying without pressure on the workpiece of an upper die comprising the inductor.
  • the step of applying the induction field is adapted to produce a localized heating of the part of the part to be deformed up to the deformation temperature.
  • the step of applying a tool is advantageously carried out by pressing the upper die onto the workpiece and pressurizing the workpiece between the lower die and the upper die.
  • the pressurization of the piece is performed by locking the tool.
  • the invention further proposes an induction forming device, which can be used in a part forming process of the invention, which comprises an inductor comprising at least two parallel conductor elements connected to one another at their first ends and connected to one another. a current generator at a second of their ends, the conductor elements being traversed by an electric current and adapted to generate an inductive field extending from one conductor element to the other along a curve centered on the passing axis between the two conductor elements.
  • the device of the invention is preferably adapted to follow a profile of the part to be heated without surrounding the part to be heated, the inductive field extending in a direction perpendicular to a plane containing the conductor elements.
  • the device of the invention advantageously comprises a field concentrator device disposed on the conductor elements and extending said part-side elements.
  • the field concentrator device is advantageously designed in the form of ferrite bars covering a flat face of the conductor elements opposite the part to be formed.
  • the invention finally relates to a forming tool, comprising an induction forming device according to the invention, which comprises a frame of electrical insulating material provided with grooves receiving the parallel conductive elements and the bars, the frame being integrated in a suitable matrix to be applied on a part to be formed.
  • the device comprises an electrical insulating plate covering the face of the device facing the workpiece.
  • the inductor is more precisely made with two parallel bars connected to each other at a first end thereof and connected to a current generator at a second of their ends.
  • the Figure 1A schematically represents a cold press portion comprising the localized heating forming device of the invention.
  • the press comprises a base 100 receiving a lower die 1b of a forming tool and an upper portion shown diagrammatically under the reference 101 receiving an upper die 1a of the forming tool.
  • the part 2 to be formed is received between the two dies 1a, 1b of the tool and the press comprises means making it possible to press the upper die onto the workpiece, for example claving means schematized under the reference 102.
  • the localized induction heating device 4 of the part is arranged in a housing of the upper die of the tool facing the part to be heated and bent.
  • the workpiece 2 is positioned in the cold press 1 comprising the inductor device 4, between the two dies 1a, 1b of the forming tool as shown in FIG. Figure 1A .
  • the forming is done using at least one application step, by means of the inductor, of a localized induction field adapted to carry an identified part of the workpiece at a temperature adapted to the deformation. of said part.
  • This step is done according to the example with the upper matrix in contact with the workpiece without pressing the workpiece as shown in FIG. Figure 1B .
  • To perform the folding is carried out at least one step of applying the deformation tool comprising the matrices 1a, 1b on said identified portion heated, the tool performing a hot forming of the identified part.
  • the step of positioning the workpiece in the cold press comprises positioning the workpiece on the lower die 1b according to the Figure 1A and laying without pressure on the part of the upper die 1 having the inductor 4 as shown in FIG. Figure 1B .
  • the step of applying the induction field is adapted to produce a localized heating of the part of the part to be deformed up to the deformation temperature of the part as represented by a shaded area at the Figure 1B .
  • the step of applying a tool is performed by pressing the upper die 1a on the workpiece and pressurizing the workpiece between the lower die 1b and the upper die 1a diagrammed in FIG. figure 1C , the localized heating being maintained the time of the descent of the upper die to form the part.
  • the pressurization of the part is carried out for example by locking the tool as shown schematically in FIG. figure 1C , a system with keys 102 sinking into housings of the upper portion 101 of the press to press the upper die 1 a.
  • a panel forming range may thus comprise a positioning of the machined panel in the shaping tool, the positioning of the inductor in the upper die simply placed on the panel without pressure, the passage in press keying, the positioning of the die on the upper plate of the press, a descent of the upper plate to the vicinity of the non-contact panel, heating to the target temperature for bending or forming the workpiece, a descent of the upper plate and pressurizing by a keying of the tool and then include a withdrawal of the inductor after unclamping the tool of the upper plate these operations being followed by an establishment of combs and a punch of rolling and relaxing treatment of the room in the furnace under controlled atmosphere.
  • the forming device represented as a whole in figure 2 and exploded into figure 3 comprises an inductor 4 comprising at least two parallel conductor elements 5a, 5b.
  • the conductive elements are interconnected at a first end 51 and connected to a current generator I at one second of their ends 52a, 52b.
  • the conductor elements are traversed by an electric current supplied by the generator and are adapted to generate, as a function of this current, an inductive field extending from one conductor element to the other along a curve centered on the passing axis between the two elements of conductors, as shown schematically in figure 2 .
  • the induction heating means formed by the conductive elements constitutes a flat coil for generating an inductive field without surrounding the part.
  • the inductor device comprises a field concentrator device 7a, 7b disposed on the conductor elements and extending said elements opposite to the workpiece.
  • the field concentrator device 7a, 7b is made in the form of ferrite bars placed on the conductive elements so that they cover a flat face of the conductor elements opposite to the part to be formed.
  • the ferrite bars here are of width equivalent to the width of the conductive elements.
  • These ferrite bars can be made from a plurality of ferrite elements bonded to each other.
  • the inductive device is adapted to follow a profile of the part to be heated without surrounding the part to be heated, the inductive field extending in a direction perpendicular to a plane containing the conductor elements and forming an arch connecting the conductive elements.
  • the inductor device is housed in the upper die so that the heating means can be inserted directly into the forming punch as close as possible to the zone to be deformed.
  • the inductor device is mounted in a frame 8 of electrical insulating material provided with grooves receiving the parallel conductive elements 5a, 5b and the bars of the field concentrator device, the frame being integrated into the matrix of the tool adapted to to apply on a piece.
  • the frame comprises an electrical insulating plate 9 covering the face of the device facing the workpiece and the various components of the device are mounted on this plate which will come into contact with the workpiece during forming.
  • This construction by means of a frame makes it possible to produce a forming tool comprising an induction forming device for which the frame carrying said device is integrated in a matrix adapted to be applied on a part to be formed.
  • the parts referred to today by this method have a length of 5m. and are for example aircraft structural elements such as titanium-based alloy stiffening panels, examples of which are shown in FIGS. Figures 5 and 6 , for example reactor mast structure elements.
  • the method does not apply only to flat parts and in particular, it will be noted that the panel of the Figure 6A has flanks folded 21, for example obtained by machining in the mass of the panel and folded along axes perpendicular to the folding axis P to be produced by the method of the invention.
  • the folding to be done is schematized at the Figure 6B at an angle ⁇ .
  • the device represented in figure 4 includes a solution applicable in such a case by a particular conformation of the elements.
  • the inductor is shaped according to the area to be deformed which allows to design deformations along a line or a surface.
  • the part 2c to be formed comprises folds along axes perpendicular to the axis P to be folded by the method of the invention.
  • first planar portion 20a at a first height
  • second planar portion 20c at a second height different from the first and an inclined portion of connection between the first and second planar portions.
  • the induction device comprises in this case two parallel conductive elements 6a, 6b having segments 61a, 62a, 63a and 61b, 62b, 63b which follow the curvature of the part along the axis P of folding.
  • the elements 6a, 6b, 6c are interconnected at a first of their ends and connected to a current generator at the second of their ends.
  • the bar elements 7a, 7b of the field concentrator device follow the profile of conductive elements.
  • the part can be folded along the axis P despite its complex shape.
  • the induction technology has the advantage of homogeneous heating in the thickness in a very short time and, even for the high thicknesses, the heating time is reduced to a few minutes against hours in a heating press.
  • the method and the device of the invention are not limited to the examples shown and also make it possible to combine several types of deformations, for example a cold elongation and a hot flow.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves positioning of a part (2) in a cold press comprising an inductor (4). A localized induction field is applied and adapted to bring an identified part (10) of the part at a temperature adapted to the deformation of the part. A deformation tool is applied on the heated identified part. A hot forming of the identified part is carried out by the tool. A piece is positioned in a cold press such that the piece is positioned on a lower matrix (1a) and a less pressurized installation positioned on the part of an upper matrix (1b) is provided with the inductor. An independent claim is also included for a device for forming a part comprising an inductor.

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de formage de pièces comportant un formage à chaud localisé.The present invention relates to a method and a device for forming parts comprising localized hot forming.

Le procédé de l'invention s'applique notamment au formage de très grandes pièces épaisses ne présentant pas d'aptitude au formage à froid. Un matériau connu pour n'être pas adapté au formage à froid est l'alliage de titane connu sous le sigle TA6Vbeta.The process of the invention is particularly applicable to the forming of very large thick parts having no cold forming ability. A material known to be unsuitable for cold forming is the titanium alloy known under the acronym TA6Vbeta.

Le formage à chaud permet d'obtenir un allongement avant rupture plus grand que lorsqu'on déforme un matériau à froid.Hot forming results in greater elongation before breaking than when deforming a cold material.

L'apport d'énergie permet en outre de générer une relaxation des contraintes dans la pièce sous l'action d'un effet de détente qui permet de ne pas dégrader les performances mécaniques du matériau.The addition of energy also makes it possible to generate a relaxation of the stresses in the part under the action of a relaxing effect which makes it possible not to degrade the mechanical performances of the material.

L'objet de l'invention se distingue du formage à chaud qui consiste à un chauffage général de la pièce et de l'outil.The object of the invention is distinguished from hot forming which consists of a general heating of the workpiece and the tool.

Le procédé de l'invention utilise un chauffage par induction de sorte que seule la partie à déformer est chauffée.The method of the invention uses induction heating so that only the portion to be deformed is heated.

Ce procédé est mis en oeuvre sur des presses à froid beaucoup plus courantes et moins coûteuses en investissement que les presses chauffantes.This process is implemented on cold presses which are much more common and less costly in investment than hot presses.

Ceci permet en outre de contourner la limitation de taille des presses chauffantes et de traiter des pièces de grande taille.This also makes it possible to circumvent the size limitation of the heat presses and to process large parts.

Le chauffage par induction est connu dans des applications ou la pièce est chauffée dans sa totalité. Il est utilisé dans ce cas avant formage. Il est connu aussi dans les applications de cintrage de tubes et dans ces applications un inducteur entoure une section du tube à cintrer.Induction heating is known in applications where the room is heated in its entirety. It is used in this case before forming. It is also known in tube bending applications and in these applications an inductor surrounds a section of the tube to be bent.

Selon la présente invention, on ne chauffe que la partie à déformer de la pièce sans entourer cette dernière et on utilise un inducteur dédié à la typologie de la pièce se plaçant en regard de la partie de la pièce à former et d'un seul côté de cette pièce sans l'entourer.According to the present invention, only the part to be deformed of the room is heated without surrounding it and an inductor dedicated to the typology of the room is placed facing the part of the part to be formed and only one side from this room without surrounding it.

Dans ce cadre, la présente invention propose un procédé de formage de pièces qui comporte une étape de positionnement d'une pièce dans une presse à froid, au moins une étape d'application d'un champ d'induction localisé adapté à porter une partie identifiée de la pièce à une température adaptée à la déformation de ladite partie et au moins une étape d'application d'un outil de déformation sur ladite partie identifiée chauffée, l'outil réalisant un formage à chaud de la partie identifiée.In this context, the present invention provides a parts forming method which comprises a step of positioning a workpiece in a cold press, at least one step of applying a localized induction field adapted to carry a part identified part at a temperature adapted to the deformation of said portion and at least one step of applying a deformation tool on said identified heated portion, the tool performing a hot forming of the identified part.

L'étape de positionnement de la pièce dans une presse à froid comprend avantageusement un positionnement de la pièce sur une matrice inférieure et la pose sans pression sur la pièce d'une matrice supérieure comportant l'inducteur.The step of positioning the workpiece in a cold press advantageously comprises positioning the workpiece on a lower die and laying without pressure on the workpiece of an upper die comprising the inductor.

Plus précisément, l'étape d'application du champ d'induction est adaptée à produire un chauffage localisé de la partie de la pièce à déformer jusqu'à la température de déformation.More precisely, the step of applying the induction field is adapted to produce a localized heating of the part of the part to be deformed up to the deformation temperature.

L'étape d'application d'un outil est avantageusement réalisée par l'appui de la matrice supérieure sur la pièce et mise en pression de la pièce entre la matrice inférieure et la matrice supérieure.The step of applying a tool is advantageously carried out by pressing the upper die onto the workpiece and pressurizing the workpiece between the lower die and the upper die.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la mise en pression de la pièce est réalisée par clavetage de l'outil.According to a particular embodiment, the pressurization of the piece is performed by locking the tool.

L'invention propose en outre un dispositif de formage à induction, utilisable dans un procédé de formage de pièces de l'invention, qui comporte un inducteur comportant au moins deux éléments de conducteurs parallèles reliés entre eux à une première de leurs extrémités et reliés à un générateur de courant à une seconde de leurs extrémités, les éléments de conducteurs étant traversés par un courant électrique et adaptés à générer un champ inductif s'étendant d'un élément de conducteur à l'autre selon une courbe centrée sur l'axe passant entre les deux éléments de conducteurs.The invention further proposes an induction forming device, which can be used in a part forming process of the invention, which comprises an inductor comprising at least two parallel conductor elements connected to one another at their first ends and connected to one another. a current generator at a second of their ends, the conductor elements being traversed by an electric current and adapted to generate an inductive field extending from one conductor element to the other along a curve centered on the passing axis between the two conductor elements.

Le dispositif de l'invention est préférablement adapté à suivre un profil de la pièce à chauffer sans entourer la pièce à chauffer, le champ inductif s'étendant dans une direction perpendiculaire à un plan contenant les éléments de conducteurs.The device of the invention is preferably adapted to follow a profile of the part to be heated without surrounding the part to be heated, the inductive field extending in a direction perpendicular to a plane containing the conductor elements.

Le dispositif de l'invention comporte avantageusement un dispositif concentrateur de champ disposé sur les éléments de conducteurs et prolongeant lesdits éléments côté pièce.The device of the invention advantageously comprises a field concentrator device disposed on the conductor elements and extending said part-side elements.

Le dispositif concentrateur de champ est avantageusement réalisé sous forme de barreaux ferrite recouvrant une face plane des éléments de conducteurs en regard de la pièce à former.The field concentrator device is advantageously designed in the form of ferrite bars covering a flat face of the conductor elements opposite the part to be formed.

L'invention concerne enfin un outil de formage, comprenant un dispositif de formage à induction selon l'invention, qui comprend un bâti en matériau isolant électrique pourvu de rainures recevant les éléments conducteurs parallèles et les barreaux, le bâti étant intégré dans une matrice adaptée à s'appliquer sur une pièce à former.The invention finally relates to a forming tool, comprising an induction forming device according to the invention, which comprises a frame of electrical insulating material provided with grooves receiving the parallel conductive elements and the bars, the frame being integrated in a suitable matrix to be applied on a part to be formed.

Selon un mode de réalisation avantageux, le dispositif comporte un plaque isolante électrique recouvrant la face du dispositif en regard de la pièce.According to an advantageous embodiment, the device comprises an electrical insulating plate covering the face of the device facing the workpiece.

L'inducteur est plus précisément réalisé avec deux barreaux parallèles reliés entre eux à une première de leurs extrémités et reliés à un générateur de courant à une seconde de leurs extrémités.The inductor is more precisely made with two parallel bars connected to each other at a first end thereof and connected to a current generator at a second of their ends.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention seront apparents à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un exemple de réalisation non limitatif de l'invention en référence aux dessins qui représentent:

  • aux figures 1A à 1C: des vues schématiques en perspective et en coupe d'un outil de formage à matrices selon un aspect de l'invention;
  • en figure 2: un inducteur selon un mode de réalisation en perspective;
  • en figure 3: une vue en éclaté de l'inducteur de la figure 2;
  • en figure 4: un exemple schématique d'un élément d'inducteur selon un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention.
Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent on reading the following description of a nonlimiting exemplary embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawings which represent:
  • to the Figures 1A to 1C : schematic views in perspective and in section of a die forming tool according to one aspect of the invention;
  • in figure 2 an inductor according to an embodiment in perspective;
  • in figure 3 : an exploded view of the inductor of the figure 2 ;
  • in figure 4 : a schematic example of an inductor element according to a particular embodiment of the invention.

La figure 1A représente schématiquement une partie de presse à froid comportant le dispositif de formage par chauffage localisé de l'invention.The Figure 1A schematically represents a cold press portion comprising the localized heating forming device of the invention.

La presse comporte une base 100 recevant une matrice inférieure 1 b d'un outil de formage et une partie supérieure schématisée sous la référence 101 recevant une matrice supérieure 1 a de l'outil de formage.The press comprises a base 100 receiving a lower die 1b of a forming tool and an upper portion shown diagrammatically under the reference 101 receiving an upper die 1a of the forming tool.

La pièce 2 à former est reçue entre les deux matrices 1a, 1 b de l'outil et la presse comprend des moyens permettant de presser la matrice supérieure sur la pièce par exemple des moyens de clavetage schématisé sous la référence 102.The part 2 to be formed is received between the two dies 1a, 1b of the tool and the press comprises means making it possible to press the upper die onto the workpiece, for example claving means schematized under the reference 102.

Le dispositif de chauffage localisé par induction 4 de la pièce est disposé dans un logement de la matrice supérieure de l'outil en regard de la pièce à chauffer et plier.The localized induction heating device 4 of the part is arranged in a housing of the upper die of the tool facing the part to be heated and bent.

Pour former la pièce, dans une première étape, on positionne la pièce 2 dans la presse à froid 1 comportant le dispositif inducteur 4, entre les deux matrices 1 a, 1 b de l'outil de formage comme représenté à la figure 1A.To form the workpiece, in a first step, the workpiece 2 is positioned in the cold press 1 comprising the inductor device 4, between the two dies 1a, 1b of the forming tool as shown in FIG. Figure 1A .

Le formage se fait à l'aide d'au moins une étape d'application, au moyen de l'inducteur, d'un champ d'induction localisé adapté à porter une partie 10 identifiée de la pièce à une température adaptée à la déformation de ladite partie.The forming is done using at least one application step, by means of the inductor, of a localized induction field adapted to carry an identified part of the workpiece at a temperature adapted to the deformation. of said part.

Cette étape se fait selon l'exemple avec la matrice supérieure en contact avec la pièce sans appuyer sur la pièce comme représenté à la figure 1B.This step is done according to the example with the upper matrix in contact with the workpiece without pressing the workpiece as shown in FIG. Figure 1B .

Pour réaliser le pliage on réalise au moins une étape d'application de l'outil de déformation comportant les matrices 1a, 1 b sur ladite partie identifiée chauffée, l'outil réalisant un formage à chaud de la partie identifiée.To perform the folding is carried out at least one step of applying the deformation tool comprising the matrices 1a, 1b on said identified portion heated, the tool performing a hot forming of the identified part.

L'étape de positionnement de la pièce dans la presse à froid comprend un positionnement de la pièce sur la matrice inférieure 1 b selon la figure 1A et la pose sans pression sur la pièce de la matrice supérieure 1 a comportant l'inducteur 4 comme représenté à la figure 1B.The step of positioning the workpiece in the cold press comprises positioning the workpiece on the lower die 1b according to the Figure 1A and laying without pressure on the part of the upper die 1 having the inductor 4 as shown in FIG. Figure 1B .

Ceci peut être fait en descendant la matrice supérieure par un mécanisme déjà intégré dans la presse de type connu.This can be done by lowering the upper die by a mechanism already integrated in the press of known type.

L'étape d'application du champ d'induction est adaptée à produire un chauffage localisé de la partie de la pièce à déformer jusqu'à la température de déformation de la pièce comme représenté par une zone hachurée à la figure 1B.The step of applying the induction field is adapted to produce a localized heating of the part of the part to be deformed up to the deformation temperature of the part as represented by a shaded area at the Figure 1B .

L'étape d'application d'un outil est réalisée par l'appui de la matrice supérieure 1a sur la pièce et mise en pression de la pièce entre la matrice inférieure 1b et 1a matrice supérieure 1a schématisé en figure 1C, le chauffage localisé étant maintenu le temps de la descente de la matrice supérieure pour former la pièce.The step of applying a tool is performed by pressing the upper die 1a on the workpiece and pressurizing the workpiece between the lower die 1b and the upper die 1a diagrammed in FIG. figure 1C , the localized heating being maintained the time of the descent of the upper die to form the part.

La mise en pression de la pièce est réalisée par exemple par clavetage de l'outil comme schématisé à la figure 1C, un système comportant des clavettes 102 s'enfonçant dans des logements de la partie supérieure 101 de la presse pour appuyer sur la matrice supérieure 1 a.The pressurization of the part is carried out for example by locking the tool as shown schematically in FIG. figure 1C , a system with keys 102 sinking into housings of the upper portion 101 of the press to press the upper die 1 a.

Selon le procédé de l'invention, une gamme de formage panneaux peut ainsi comprendre un positionnement du panneau usiné dans l'outil de conformage, le positionnement de l'inducteur dans la matrice supérieure simplement posé sur le panneau sans pression, le passage sous presse de clavetage, le positionnement de la matrice sur le plateau supérieur de la presse, une descente du plateau supérieur jusqu'au voisinage du panneau sans contact, un chauffage jusqu'à la température visée permettant un pliage ou un formage de la pièce, une descente du plateau supérieur et une mise en pression par un clavetage de l'outil puis comporter un retrait de l'inducteur après débridage de l'outil du plateau supérieur ces opérations étant suivies d'une mise en place de peignes et d'un poinçon de roulage et un traitement de détente de la pièce dans le four sous atmosphère contrôlée.According to the method of the invention, a panel forming range may thus comprise a positioning of the machined panel in the shaping tool, the positioning of the inductor in the upper die simply placed on the panel without pressure, the passage in press keying, the positioning of the die on the upper plate of the press, a descent of the upper plate to the vicinity of the non-contact panel, heating to the target temperature for bending or forming the workpiece, a descent of the upper plate and pressurizing by a keying of the tool and then include a withdrawal of the inductor after unclamping the tool of the upper plate these operations being followed by an establishment of combs and a punch of rolling and relaxing treatment of the room in the furnace under controlled atmosphere.

Le dispositif de formage représenté dans son ensemble en figure 2 et en éclaté en figure 3 comporte un inducteur 4 comportant au moins deux éléments de conducteurs parallèles 5a, 5b.The forming device represented as a whole in figure 2 and exploded into figure 3 comprises an inductor 4 comprising at least two parallel conductor elements 5a, 5b.

Comme représenté en figure 3, les éléments conducteurs sont reliés entre eux à une première de leurs extrémités 51 et reliés à un générateur de courant I à une seconde de leurs extrémités 52a, 52b.As represented in figure 3 , the conductive elements are interconnected at a first end 51 and connected to a current generator I at one second of their ends 52a, 52b.

Les éléments de conducteurs sont traversés par un courant électrique fourni par le générateur et sont adaptés à générer en fonction de ce courant un champ inductif s'étendant d'un élément de conducteur à l'autre selon une courbe centrée sur l'axe passant entre les deux éléments de conducteurs, comme schématisé à la figure 2. Le moyen de chauffage par induction formé par les éléments conducteurs constitue une spire plate permettant de générer un champ inductif sans entourer la pièce.The conductor elements are traversed by an electric current supplied by the generator and are adapted to generate, as a function of this current, an inductive field extending from one conductor element to the other along a curve centered on the passing axis between the two elements of conductors, as shown schematically in figure 2 . The induction heating means formed by the conductive elements constitutes a flat coil for generating an inductive field without surrounding the part.

Pour améliorer le rendement du dispositif inducteur et canaliser le champ inductif, le dispositif inducteur comporte un dispositif concentrateur de champ 7a, 7b disposé sur les éléments de conducteurs et prolongeant lesdits éléments côté opposé à la pièce.To improve the efficiency of the inductor device and channel the inductive field, the inductor device comprises a field concentrator device 7a, 7b disposed on the conductor elements and extending said elements opposite to the workpiece.

Selon l'exemple, le dispositif concentrateur de champ 7a, 7b est réalisé sous forme de barreaux ferrite posés sur les éléments conducteurs de sorte qu'ils recouvrent une face plane des éléments de conducteurs côté opposé à la pièce à former.According to the example, the field concentrator device 7a, 7b is made in the form of ferrite bars placed on the conductive elements so that they cover a flat face of the conductor elements opposite to the part to be formed.

.Les barreaux ferrites sont ici de largeur équivalente à la largeur des éléments conducteurs.The ferrite bars here are of width equivalent to the width of the conductive elements.

Ces barreaux ferrites peuvent être réalisés à partir d'une pluralité d'éléments ferrite collés les uns aux autres.These ferrite bars can be made from a plurality of ferrite elements bonded to each other.

Selon le mode de réalisation de la figure 4, le dispositif inducteur est adapté à suivre un profil de la pièce à chauffer sans entourer la pièce à chauffer, le champ inductif s'étendant dans une direction perpendiculaire à un plan contenant les éléments de conducteurs et formant une arche reliant les éléments conducteurs.According to the embodiment of the figure 4 , the inductive device is adapted to follow a profile of the part to be heated without surrounding the part to be heated, the inductive field extending in a direction perpendicular to a plane containing the conductor elements and forming an arch connecting the conductive elements.

Selon l'invention, le dispositif inducteur se loge dans la matrice supérieure ainsi le moyen de chauffage peut être inséré directement dans le poinçon de formage au plus près de la zone à déformer.According to the invention, the inductor device is housed in the upper die so that the heating means can be inserted directly into the forming punch as close as possible to the zone to be deformed.

Pour ce faire le dispositif inducteur est monté dans un bâti 8 en matériau isolant électrique pourvu de rainures recevant les éléments conducteurs parallèles 5a, 5b et les barreaux du dispositif concentrateur de champ, le bâti étant intégré dans la matrice de l'outil adaptée à s'appliquer sur une pièce.To do this, the inductor device is mounted in a frame 8 of electrical insulating material provided with grooves receiving the parallel conductive elements 5a, 5b and the bars of the field concentrator device, the frame being integrated into the matrix of the tool adapted to to apply on a piece.

Le bâti comporte un plaque isolante électrique 9 recouvrant la face du dispositif en regard de la pièce et les divers constituants du dispositif sont montés sur cette plaque qui viendra en contact avec la pièce lors du formage.The frame comprises an electrical insulating plate 9 covering the face of the device facing the workpiece and the various components of the device are mounted on this plate which will come into contact with the workpiece during forming.

Cette construction au moyen d'un bâti permet de réaliser un outil de formage comprenant un dispositif de formage à induction pour lequel le bâti portant ledit dispositif est intégré dans une matrice adaptée à s'appliquer sur une pièce à former.This construction by means of a frame makes it possible to produce a forming tool comprising an induction forming device for which the frame carrying said device is integrated in a matrix adapted to be applied on a part to be formed.

Les pièces visées à ce jour par ce procédé présentent une longueur de 5m. et sont par exemple des éléments de structure d'aéronefs comme des panneaux raidisseurs en alliage à base de titane dont des exemples sont représentés aux figures 5 et 6, par exemple des éléments de structure de mât de réacteur.The parts referred to today by this method have a length of 5m. and are for example aircraft structural elements such as titanium-based alloy stiffening panels, examples of which are shown in FIGS. Figures 5 and 6 , for example reactor mast structure elements.

Un aspect intéressant de l'invention est que le procédé ne s'applique pas uniquement à des pièces planes et notamment, on remarquera que le panneau de la figure 6A comporte des flancs rabattus 21, par exemple obtenus par usinage dans la masse du panneau et pliés selon des axes perpendiculaires à l'axe P de pliage à réaliser par le procédé de l'invention.An interesting aspect of the invention is that the method does not apply only to flat parts and in particular, it will be noted that the panel of the Figure 6A has flanks folded 21, for example obtained by machining in the mass of the panel and folded along axes perpendicular to the folding axis P to be produced by the method of the invention.

Le pliage à réaliser est schématisé à la figure 6B selon un angle α.The folding to be done is schematized at the Figure 6B at an angle α.

Le dispositif représenté à la figure 4 comporte une solution applicable dans un tel cas par une conformation particulière des éléments.The device represented in figure 4 includes a solution applicable in such a case by a particular conformation of the elements.

Selon la figure 4, l'inducteur est conformé en fonction de la zone à déformer ce qui permet de concevoir des déformations selon une ligne ou une surface.According to figure 4 , the inductor is shaped according to the area to be deformed which allows to design deformations along a line or a surface.

Selon cet exemple, la pièce 2c à former comporte des plis selon des axes perpendiculaires à l'axe P devant être plié par le procédé de l'invention.According to this example, the part 2c to be formed comprises folds along axes perpendicular to the axis P to be folded by the method of the invention.

Elle comporte une première partie plane 20a à une première hauteur, une seconde partie plane 20c à une seconde hauteur différente de la première et une partie inclinée de liaison entre les première et seconde parties planes.It comprises a first planar portion 20a at a first height, a second planar portion 20c at a second height different from the first and an inclined portion of connection between the first and second planar portions.

Le dispositif d'induction comporte dans ce cas deux éléments conducteurs parallèles 6a, 6b comportant des segments 61 a, 62a, 63a et 61 b, 62b, 63b qui suivent la courbure de la pièce selon l'axe P de pliage.The induction device comprises in this case two parallel conductive elements 6a, 6b having segments 61a, 62a, 63a and 61b, 62b, 63b which follow the curvature of the part along the axis P of folding.

Comme dans le cas d'un inducteur comportant des éléments conducteurs plans, les éléments 6a, 6b, 6c sont reliés entre eux à une première de leurs extrémités et reliés à un générateur de courant à la seconde de leurs extrémités.As in the case of an inductor comprising planar conducting elements, the elements 6a, 6b, 6c are interconnected at a first of their ends and connected to a current generator at the second of their ends.

Les éléments de barreaux 7a, 7b du dispositif concentrateur de champ suivent le profil de éléments conducteurs.The bar elements 7a, 7b of the field concentrator device follow the profile of conductive elements.

Selon cette configuration, la pièce peut être pliée selon l'axe P malgré sa forme complexe.According to this configuration, the part can be folded along the axis P despite its complex shape.

La technologie d'induction présente l'intérêt d'une chauffe homogène dans l'épaisseur dans un temps très court et, même pour les fortes épaisseurs, le temps de chauffe est réduit à quelques minutes contre des heures dans une presse chauffante.The induction technology has the advantage of homogeneous heating in the thickness in a very short time and, even for the high thicknesses, the heating time is reduced to a few minutes against hours in a heating press.

Le procédé et le dispositif de l'invention ne sont pas limités aux exemples représentés et permettent aussi de combiner plusieurs types de déformations comme par exemple un allongement à froid et un fluage à chaud.The method and the device of the invention are not limited to the examples shown and also make it possible to combine several types of deformations, for example a cold elongation and a hot flow.

Claims (6)

Dispositif de formage à induction,
utilisable dans un procédé de formage de pièces comportant une étape de positionnement d'une pièce (2, 2a) dans une presse à froid (1) comportant un dispositif inducteur (4), au moins une étape d'application, au moyen de l'inducteur, d'un champ d'induction localisé adapté à porter une partie (10) identifiée de la pièce à une température adaptée à la déformation de ladite partie et au moins une étape d'application d'un outil de déformation (1a, 1b) sur ladite partie identifiée chauffée, l'outil réalisant un formage à chaud de la partie identifiée,
caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un inducteur (4) comportant au moins deux éléments de conducteurs parallèles (5a, 5b, 6a, 6b) reliés entre eux à une première de leurs extrémités et reliés à un générateur de courant à une seconde de leurs extrémités, les éléments de conducteurs étant traversés par un courant électrique et adaptés à générer un champ inductif s'étendant d'un élément de conducteur à l'autre selon une courbe centrée sur l'axe passant entre les deux éléments de conducteurs.Induction forming device,
usable in a parts forming process comprising a step of positioning a workpiece (2, 2a) in a cold press (1) comprising an inductor device (4), at least one application step, by means of a inductor, a localized induction field adapted to carry an identified part (10) of the part at a temperature adapted to the deformation of said part and at least one step of applying a deformation tool (1a, 1b) on said heated identified part, the tool forming a hot forming of the identified part,
characterized in that it comprises an inductor (4) having at least two parallel conductor elements (5a, 5b, 6a, 6b) interconnected at a first end thereof and connected to a current generator at one second of their ends, the conductor elements being traversed by an electric current and adapted to generate an inductive field extending from one conductor element to the other along a curve centered on the axis passing between the two conductor elements. Dispositif de formage à induction selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce qu'il est adapté à suivre un profil de la pièce à chauffer sans entourer la pièce à chauffer, le champ inductif s'étendant dans une direction perpendiculaire à un plan contenant les éléments de conducteurs.Induction forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is adapted to follow a profile of the part to be heated without surrounding the part to be heated, the inductive field extending in a direction perpendicular to a plane containing the elements of the conductors. Dispositif de formage à induction selon la revendication 1 ou 2 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un dispositif concentrateur de champ (7a, 7b) disposé sur les éléments de conducteurs et prolongeant lesdits éléments côté opposé à la pièce.Induction forming device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a field concentrator device (7a, 7b) arranged on the conductor elements and extending said elements opposite to the workpiece. Dispositif de formage à induction selon la revendication 3 caractérisé en ce que le dispositif concentrateur de champ (7a, 7b) est réalisé sous forme de barreaux ferrite recouvrant une face plane des éléments de conducteurs côté opposé à la pièce à former.Induction forming device according to claim 3 characterized in that the field concentrator device (7a, 7b) is formed as ferrite bars covering a flat face of the conductor elements opposite to the part to be formed. Outil de formage, comprenant un dispositif de formage à induction selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un bâti (8) en matériau isolant électrique pourvu de rainures recevant les éléments conducteurs parallèles et les barreaux, le bâti étant intégré dans une matrice adaptée à s'appliquer sur une pièce à former et comportant un plaque isolante électrique (9) recouvrant la face du dispositif en regard de la pièce.Forming tool, comprising an induction forming device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a frame (8) of electrical insulating material provided with grooves receiving the elements parallel conductors and bars, the frame being integrated in a matrix adapted to be applied to a workpiece and having an electrical insulating plate (9) covering the face of the device facing the workpiece. Outil de formage selon la revendication 5 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de clavetage de l'outil adaptés à réaliser une mise en pression de la pièce.Forming tool according to claim 5 characterized in that it comprises means for locking the tool adapted to perform a pressurization of the workpiece.
EP11153208.1A 2010-02-05 2011-02-03 Apparatus for forming workpieces by local heating thereof Active EP2363217B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1050825A FR2956047B1 (en) 2010-02-05 2010-02-05 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FORMING PARTS HAVING LOCALIZED HOT FORMING

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EP2363217A1 true EP2363217A1 (en) 2011-09-07
EP2363217B1 EP2363217B1 (en) 2015-11-25

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CN115318890A (en) * 2022-06-28 2022-11-11 江苏普力重工科技有限公司 Intelligent plate rolling machine tool field bus control mechanism and control system

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10128199A1 (en) * 2001-06-11 2002-12-19 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Forming device for metal sheets esp. magnesium plates has forming chamber with at least partial heating of metal plate
DE10233911A1 (en) * 2002-07-25 2004-02-19 Webasto Vehicle Systems International Gmbh Tool and method for forming of coil-coated sheet metal esp. for motor vehicles with heater for localized heating of sheet sections having small radii of curvature, to improve surface quality
EP1715066A1 (en) * 2005-04-19 2006-10-25 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Device for forming and press hardening metal sheet, with integrated heating elements
EP2061286A2 (en) * 2007-11-16 2009-05-20 MTU Aero Engines GmbH Induction coil, method and device for inductive warming of metallic construction elements

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10128199A1 (en) * 2001-06-11 2002-12-19 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Forming device for metal sheets esp. magnesium plates has forming chamber with at least partial heating of metal plate
DE10233911A1 (en) * 2002-07-25 2004-02-19 Webasto Vehicle Systems International Gmbh Tool and method for forming of coil-coated sheet metal esp. for motor vehicles with heater for localized heating of sheet sections having small radii of curvature, to improve surface quality
EP1715066A1 (en) * 2005-04-19 2006-10-25 Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH Device for forming and press hardening metal sheet, with integrated heating elements
EP2061286A2 (en) * 2007-11-16 2009-05-20 MTU Aero Engines GmbH Induction coil, method and device for inductive warming of metallic construction elements

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FR2956047B1 (en) 2012-06-22
FR2956047A1 (en) 2011-08-12

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