EP2362144A1 - Grate bar - Google Patents
Grate bar Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2362144A1 EP2362144A1 EP10154136A EP10154136A EP2362144A1 EP 2362144 A1 EP2362144 A1 EP 2362144A1 EP 10154136 A EP10154136 A EP 10154136A EP 10154136 A EP10154136 A EP 10154136A EP 2362144 A1 EP2362144 A1 EP 2362144A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- grate
- grate bar
- longitudinal
- slot
- bar according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H3/00—Grates with hollow bars
- F23H3/02—Grates with hollow bars internally cooled
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a grate bar according to the preamble of claim 1.
- combustion plants with combustion chambers are conventionally used, in which the fuel is applied, for example, to a mechanically operated grate and burned on it ,
- Combustion plants are generally processed combustion material with high and low calorific value, so that in the grate elements used large heat-related problems can occur. Particularly in the area of the grate tips, stress cracks can occur due to the resulting high temperatures in known grate arrangements.
- the object of the present invention is to prevent stress cracks occurring on a combustion grate as a result of different temperatures.
- the object of the invention is achieved by means of a grate bar according to the wording of claim 1.
- a grate bar for incinerators with a substantially closed, the combustion side facing surface, a rear, for resting on a grate support for forming the grate formed carrier area and a front, between the surface and top rounded nose area with formed on the bottom support area, and with from the bottom of the grate projecting cooling fins for air cooling. It is proposed that at least one longitudinal slot extending at least along a part of the surface be provided in the grate surface.
- the slot is arranged substantially centrally in the longitudinal direction in the surface of the grate.
- the substantially longitudinally extending slot may correspond to at least half the length of the grate element. Also, a longer longitudinal extent, for example, according to 3 ⁇ 4 the length of the grate element is possible.
- the proposed longitudinal slot may be formed in its cross section such that it is formed in the upper, directed against the surface of the grate element part by parallel side walls, to form a substantially rectilinear slot, while the lower opening, directed against the region of the cooling fins of the grate element, the slot towards the opening has obliquely outwardly extending walls or conically diverging longitudinal walls.
- the grate elements proposed according to the invention may have additional slot-like openings in the head or nose region, as known from the prior art.
- FIG. 1 shows in plan view of a grate bar 1 according to the invention for an incinerator.
- Such grate bars or elements can be arranged side by side to virtually any width connected to form a movable grate bar for use in an incinerator.
- the rear, in FIG. 1 The left end of the grate bar 1 is formed nose-like as a support portion 2 to be fixed in a combustion device in a conventional manner in a holder.
- the front end of the grate bar 1 has a rounded edge, respectively.
- Nose 3 as a continuation of the overhead combustion surface 5 on.
- Supporting area 2 as well as nose 3 are formed such that grate bars 1 overlap in an imbricated manner overlap, that is, in each case the support surfaces 4 located below the nose 3 are supported on the surfaces 5 of the following grate bars 1 respectively. rest and thus form the grate surface of the incinerator.
- the surface is made transparent so that the cooling ribs 11 arranged underneath can be seen. Also visible are transverse ribs 12 for reinforcing the grate bar and for resting on an underlying support structure (not shown) for holding or optionally moving the individual grate bars or elements.
- the combustion air can pass through the thus formed rust surface from the space below the grate in the incinerator in the combustion chamber above the combustion tube, in the side wall 13 of the individual grate bars 1 advantageous Siken resp.
- Recesses 1 'and 1 are formed, which each form a passage gap for the combustion air between adjacent grate bars 1.
- These recesses 1' and 1" are advantageously arranged extending at least in the front grate bar region from the nose 3 to the rear, for various purposes in the Length between about 15% to 80% of the total length of the grate bar.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 are cross sections through the grate bar 1 off FIG. 1 shown, along the lines BB and AA. It can be seen along with the formation of the central longitudinal section 7 that the below-projecting cooling fins 11 may have different expansions down. While according to FIG. 4 two more projecting and two cooling ribs are provided with a small width, have the cooling fins in the region of the section AA in FIG. 5 equal expansions down.
- FIG. 4 are also the side recesses 1 'visible in the side walls 13 of the grate bar 1, while no recesses are provided in the region of the section AA.
- FIG. 6 shows in cross-section and in enlargement longitudinal slot 7, which in the upper region 8, the surface 5 of the grate bar 1 facing parallel longitudinal walls, while facing the cooling fins in the lower region 10, the walls are tapered outwardly. That is, in the lower region, the longitudinal slot 7 has a funnel-like opening.
- the longitudinal slot 7 now prevents stress cracks in the grate surface 5 by the grate surface can expand towards the slot at elevated temperatures.
- the funnel-shaped design of the slot down also leads to cooling air from below against the Surface 5 of the grate bar 1 is guided to allow a certain relaxation in the grate surface.
- FIG. 7 a further embodiment variant of a grate bar 1 according to the invention is represented, in that here longitudinal slots 17 are each formed in the region of the side surfaces or longitudinal edges of the grate bar. As a result, a relaxation of the grate surface 5 is made possible against the side edges.
- longitudinal slots 17 are each formed in the region of the side surfaces or longitudinal edges of the grate bar.
- Another advantage in the inventive design of the grate elements or a grate assembly of an incinerator is that as a material for the individual grate elements, for example, steel can be used, with different material thickness.
- a material for the individual grate elements for example, steel can be used, with different material thickness.
- FIGS. 1 to 7 illustrated embodiments are only variants that modified in x-any manner, modified or by other elements can be supplemented.
- the illustrated grate elements have air cooling, the arrangement of longitudinal slots is also possible with grate bars with liquid cooling or the use of a cooling tube register.
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Roststab nach dem Oberbegriff nach Anspruch 1.The present invention relates to a grate bar according to the preamble of
Für die Verbrennung unterschiedlicher Brennstoffe wie Hausmüll, Industriemüll, Holzabfälle, feste, poröse und flüssige Brennstoffe, sowie Brennstoffe mit hoher und niedriger Zündwilligkeit, kommen herkömmlicherweise Verbrennungsanlagen mit Feuerräumen zur Anwendung, in welchen der Brennstoff beispielsweise auf einen mechanisch betätigten Rost aufgebracht und darauf verbrannt wird.For the combustion of various fuels such as household waste, industrial waste, wood waste, solid, porous and liquid fuels, as well as fuels with high and low ignitability, combustion plants with combustion chambers are conventionally used, in which the fuel is applied, for example, to a mechanically operated grate and burned on it ,
Bei Verbrennungsanlagen wird in der Regel Verbrennungsgut mit hohem und tiefem Heizwert verarbeitet, so dass bei den eingesetzten Rostelementen grosse hitzebedingte Probleme auftreten können. Insbesondere im Bereich der Rostspitzen können durch die entstehenden hohen Temperaturen bei bekannten Rostanordnungen Spannungsrisse entstehen.Combustion plants are generally processed combustion material with high and low calorific value, so that in the grate elements used large heat-related problems can occur. Particularly in the area of the grate tips, stress cracks can occur due to the resulting high temperatures in known grate arrangements.
Massnahmen zum Verhindern von entstehenden Rissen sind einerseits das Vorsehen einer Kühlung, sowohl Luft oder Flüssigkeitskühlung, wie auch das Anordnen von Längsschlitzen im Bereich des Rostkopfes.Measures to prevent resulting cracks on the one hand, the provision of cooling, both air or liquid cooling, as well as the arrangement of longitudinal slots in the region of the grate head.
Insbesondere bei Luftkühlung beispielsweise mit vom Roststab nach unten vorstehenden Längskühlrippen bleibt ein gewisses Risiko von Spannungsrissen in der Rostoberfläche.Particularly with air cooling, for example, with the longitudinal cooling ribs projecting downwards from the grate bar, there remains a certain risk of stress cracks in the grate surface.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, an einem Verbrennungsrost infolge unterschiedlicher Temperaturen auftretende Spannungsrisse möglichst zu verhindern.The object of the present invention is to prevent stress cracks occurring on a combustion grate as a result of different temperatures.
Die erfindungsgemässe Aufgabe wird mittels einem Roststab gemäss dem Wortlaut nach Anspruch 1 gelöst.The object of the invention is achieved by means of a grate bar according to the wording of
Vorgeschlagen wird ein Roststab für Verbrennungsanlagen mit einer im Wesentlichen geschlossenen, der Verbrennungsseite zugewandten Oberfläche, einem hinteren, zur Auflage auf einem Rostträger zur Bildung des Rostes ausgebildeten Trägerbereichs und einem vorderen, zwischen Oberfläche und Oberkante abgerundeten Nasenbereich mit auf der Unterseite ausgebildeten Auflagebereich, sowie mit von der Unterseite des Rostes vorstehende Kühlrippen für Luftkühlung. Vorgeschlagen wird, dass in der Rostoberfläche mindestens ein längsverlaufender, sich mindestens entlang eines Teils der Oberfläche erstreckender Schlitz vorgesehen ist.Proposed is a grate bar for incinerators with a substantially closed, the combustion side facing surface, a rear, for resting on a grate support for forming the grate formed carrier area and a front, between the surface and top rounded nose area with formed on the bottom support area, and with from the bottom of the grate projecting cooling fins for air cooling. It is proposed that at least one longitudinal slot extending at least along a part of the surface be provided in the grate surface.
Gemäss einer Ausführungsvariante ist der Schlitz im Wesentlichen mittig längsverlaufend in der Oberfläche des Rostes angeordnet.According to one embodiment variant, the slot is arranged substantially centrally in the longitudinal direction in the surface of the grate.
Der im Wesentlichen mittig längsverlaufende Schlitz kann mindestens der Hälfte der Länge des Rostelementes entsprechen. Auch eine längere Längsausdehnung beispielsweise entsprechend ¾ der Länge des Rostelementes ist möglich.The substantially longitudinally extending slot may correspond to at least half the length of the grate element. Also, a longer longitudinal extent, for example, according to ¾ the length of the grate element is possible.
Gemäss einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante ist es möglich zwei oder mehrere Längsschlitze vorzusehen, beispielsweise verlaufend im Bereich der beiden seitlichen Längskanten des Rostelementes.According to a further embodiment, it is possible to provide two or more longitudinal slots, for example extending in the region of the two lateral longitudinal edges of the grate element.
Der vorgeschlagene Längsschlitz kann in seinem Querschnitt derart ausgebildet sein, dass er im oberen, gegen die Oberfläche des Rostelementes gerichteten Teil durch parallele Seitenwandungen gebildet wird, zur Bildung eines im Wesentlichen geradlinig verlaufenden Schlitzes, währenddem die untere Öffnung, gerichtet gegen den Bereich der Kühlrippen des Rostelementes, der Schlitz zur Öffnung hin schräg nach aussen verlaufende Wandungen aufweist bzw. konisch auseinander verlaufende Längswandungen.The proposed longitudinal slot may be formed in its cross section such that it is formed in the upper, directed against the surface of the grate element part by parallel side walls, to form a substantially rectilinear slot, while the lower opening, directed against the region of the cooling fins of the grate element, the slot towards the opening has obliquely outwardly extending walls or conically diverging longitudinal walls.
Das oder die erfindungsgemäss vorgeschlagenen Rostelemente können selbstverständlich im Kopf- bzw. Nasenbereich zusätzliche schlitzartige Öffnungen aufweisen, wie aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt.Of course, the grate elements proposed according to the invention may have additional slot-like openings in the head or nose region, as known from the prior art.
Selbstverständlich ist es auch möglich, erfindungsgemäss vorgeschlagene Längsschlitze in Rostelementen vorzusehen, welche anstelle einer Luftkühlung eine Flüssigkeitskühlung aufweisen, mit entsprechend dafür vorgesehenen Kühlrohrregister.Of course, it is also possible to provide according to the invention proposed longitudinal slots in grate elements, which instead of an air cooling liquid cooling, with correspondingly provided cooling pipe register.
Weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsvarianten des erfindungsgemässen Rostelementes sind in abhängigen Ansprüchen charakterisiert.Further preferred embodiments of the inventive grate element are characterized in dependent claims.
Die Erfindung wird nun beispielsweise und unter Bezug auf die beigefügten Figuren näher erläutert.The invention will now be explained in more detail by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Dabei zeigen:
-
Fig. 1 einen erfindungsgemässen Roststab in Aufsicht, -
Fig. 2 einen Längsschnitt entlang der Linie C-C aus dem Rostelement von ,Figur 1 -
Fig. 3 einen weiteren Längsschnitt entlang der Linie D-D aus dem Rostelement gemäss ,Figur 1 -
Fig. 4 einen Querschnitt entlang der Linie B-B aus dem Rostelement von ,Figur 1 -
Fig. 5 einen Querschnitt entlang der Linie A-A des Roststabes aus ,Figur 1 -
Fig. 6 vergrössert den Querschnitt eines erfindungsgemässen Längsschlitzes eines Roststabes, und -
Fig. 7 in Aufsicht eine weitere Ausführungsvariante eines erfindungsgemässen Roststabes.
-
Fig. 1 a grate bar according to the invention in supervision, -
Fig. 2 a longitudinal section along the line CC from the grate element ofFIG. 1 . -
Fig. 3 a further longitudinal section along the line DD from the grate element according toFIG. 1 . -
Fig. 4 a cross section along the line BB from the grate element ofFIG. 1 . -
Fig. 5 a cross section along the line AA of the grate barFIG. 1 . -
Fig. 6 enlarges the cross section of a longitudinal slot of a grate bar according to the invention, and -
Fig. 7 in plan view another embodiment of an inventive grate bar.
In der Darstellung gemäss
Damit die Verbrennungsluft durch die derart gebildete Rostoberfläche vom Raum unterhalb des Rostes in der Verbrennungsanlage in den Brennraum über dem Verbrennungsrohr gelangen kann, sind in der Seitenwand 13 der einzelnen Roststäbe 1 vorteilhaft Siken resp. Aussparungen 1' und 1" ausgebildet, welche zwischen nebeneinanderliegend angeordneten Roststäben 1 jeweils einen Durchgangsspalt für die Verbrennungsluft bilden. Diese Aussparungen 1' und 1" sind vorteilhaft zumindest im vorderen Roststabbereich von der Nase 3 ausgehend nach hinten verlaufend angeordnet, für verschiedene Einsatzzwecke in der Länge zwischen ca. 15% bis 80% der Gesamtlänge des Roststabes.Thus, the combustion air can pass through the thus formed rust surface from the space below the grate in the incinerator in the combustion chamber above the combustion tube, in the
In
In den
In
Der Längsschlitz 7 verhindert nun Spannungsrisse in der Rostoberfläche 5, indem sich die Rostoberfläche gegen den Schlitz hin bei erhöhten Temperaturen ausdehnen kann. Die trichterförmige Ausbildung des Schlitzes nach unten führt zudem dazu, dass kühlende Luft von unten gegen die Oberfläche 5 des Roststabes 1 geführt wird, um eine gewisse Entspannung in der Rostoberfläche zu ermöglichen.The
In
Ein weiterer Vorteil in der erfindungsgemässen Ausgestaltung der Rostelemente bzw. einer Rostanordnung einer Verbrennungsanlage liegt darin, dass als Material für die einzelnen Rostelemente beispielsweise Stahl eingesetzt werden kann, bei unterschiedlicher Materialstärke. Durch das Ausbilden der Längsschlitze können selbst bei unterschiedlichen Materialstärken Spannungsrisse verhindert werden, indem auch bei stark unterschiedlich auftretenden Temperaturen infolge der Schlitze eine Materialentspannung möglich ist.Another advantage in the inventive design of the grate elements or a grate assembly of an incinerator is that as a material for the individual grate elements, for example, steel can be used, with different material thickness. By forming the longitudinal slots, even in the case of different material thicknesses, stress cracks can be prevented, since a material relaxation is possible even in the case of greatly differing temperatures as a result of the slots.
Bei den in den
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10154136A EP2362144A1 (en) | 2010-02-19 | 2010-02-19 | Grate bar |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP10154136A EP2362144A1 (en) | 2010-02-19 | 2010-02-19 | Grate bar |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2362144A1 true EP2362144A1 (en) | 2011-08-31 |
Family
ID=42561164
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10154136A Withdrawn EP2362144A1 (en) | 2010-02-19 | 2010-02-19 | Grate bar |
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EP (1) | EP2362144A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR200471741Y1 (en) | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-11 | 용호금속(주) | Fire grate unit for use in the incineration furnace |
DE102014004660A1 (en) | 2014-02-10 | 2015-08-13 | Joachim Kümmel | Method for incinerating waste and biomass on an air-cooled grate, and device for carrying out the method |
DE102014008858A1 (en) | 2014-06-16 | 2015-12-17 | Joachim Kümmel | Method for incinerating waste and biomass on a fin-wall step grate and apparatus for carrying out the method |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0757206A2 (en) * | 1995-08-02 | 1997-02-05 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | Grate for a furnace |
DE19650742C1 (en) * | 1996-12-06 | 1998-02-19 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Water-cooled vibrating grate for solid fuel incinerator |
EP1103762A1 (en) * | 1999-11-27 | 2001-05-30 | Rheinkalk GmbH & Co. KG | Grate bar for mobile grate |
WO2002021049A1 (en) * | 2000-09-04 | 2002-03-14 | Theodor Koch | Grate bar with liquid cooling for incinerators |
-
2010
- 2010-02-19 EP EP10154136A patent/EP2362144A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0757206A2 (en) * | 1995-08-02 | 1997-02-05 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | Grate for a furnace |
DE19650742C1 (en) * | 1996-12-06 | 1998-02-19 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Water-cooled vibrating grate for solid fuel incinerator |
EP1103762A1 (en) * | 1999-11-27 | 2001-05-30 | Rheinkalk GmbH & Co. KG | Grate bar for mobile grate |
WO2002021049A1 (en) * | 2000-09-04 | 2002-03-14 | Theodor Koch | Grate bar with liquid cooling for incinerators |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR200471741Y1 (en) | 2013-12-17 | 2014-03-11 | 용호금속(주) | Fire grate unit for use in the incineration furnace |
DE102014004660A1 (en) | 2014-02-10 | 2015-08-13 | Joachim Kümmel | Method for incinerating waste and biomass on an air-cooled grate, and device for carrying out the method |
DE102014008858A1 (en) | 2014-06-16 | 2015-12-17 | Joachim Kümmel | Method for incinerating waste and biomass on a fin-wall step grate and apparatus for carrying out the method |
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