EP2355626B1 - Lighting system and method for testing whether at least two gas discharge lamps to be operated with a ballast are of the same type - Google Patents

Lighting system and method for testing whether at least two gas discharge lamps to be operated with a ballast are of the same type Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2355626B1
EP2355626B1 EP11164424.1A EP11164424A EP2355626B1 EP 2355626 B1 EP2355626 B1 EP 2355626B1 EP 11164424 A EP11164424 A EP 11164424A EP 2355626 B1 EP2355626 B1 EP 2355626B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
resistance
substitution
rsub
resistance value
lamp
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP11164424.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2355626A3 (en
EP2355626A2 (en
Inventor
Dirk FLAX
Andreas HÖGL
Andre Mitterbacher
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Tridonic GmbH and Co KG
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Tridonic GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP2355626A2 publication Critical patent/EP2355626A2/en
Publication of EP2355626A3 publication Critical patent/EP2355626A3/en
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Publication of EP2355626B1 publication Critical patent/EP2355626B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a circuit for operating bulbs.
  • the voltage drop across a resistor located on the primary side of the heating transformer is measured at two different times during the preheating phase.
  • the two voltage values thus determined are compared with reference voltage values stored in a memory to determine the lamp type.
  • the lamp type is identified by measuring the current flowing through the filament. The current is measured during the preheat phase at two consecutive times.
  • the preheating phase therefore, there is a spreading of the resistance values to the effect that the distance or the difference of the hot resistances is twice as great as that of the cold resistances. Due to the greater distance of the hot resistors a more accurate determination of the lamp type is possible.
  • the prerequisite for this is that the power supplied to the filaments or the filament current supplied to the filaments be kept constant during the preheating phase.
  • the claim 9 relates to a trained for carrying out this method circuit.
  • the DE102005046482A1 discloses a method according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a method for operating lamps, in particular
  • Gas discharge lamps or LEDs or OLEDs it is detected (for example by a control unit) whether, at a location provided for the use of the luminous means, for example a socket, in particular for gas discharge lamps, a lighting means or a substitution resistor is electrically connected to an operating circuit for the lighting means. If a substitution resistance value is detected, a special behavior of the operating circuit that deviates from normal operation is triggered, which is used in particular when the substitution resistance has been replaced by lighting means.
  • the substitution resistance can thus be used in particular for the manufacture or for the configuration of a control device for lighting means.
  • a lampholder or comparable illuminant connection is therefore used for the first time as a programming interface and thus serves not (only) to output the electrical supply of the lamps, but also as a programming channel, for example.
  • ASIC integrated circuit
  • control unit In the case of recognition of a substitution resistance value by the control unit, different operating parameters can be set for the subsequent operation.
  • the control unit can, for example, match the substitution resistance or its ohmic resistance value in a table with one or more operating parameters to be selected. These operating parameters are preferably used when a light source has been used again instead of the substitution resistance.
  • the preheating time or the drainage behavior of the lamp starting can be changed.
  • the operating circuit may provide operating parameters on the detected value of the substitution resistance for later operation, i. after the next lamp start.
  • ballast V is used to operate two gas discharge lamps L1, L2, each with two heating coils W1a, W1b, W2a, W2b.
  • a rectifier 1 To generate the operating voltage for the lamps L1, L2 is rectified by a rectifier 1, the mains voltage and smoothed in a smoothing circuit.
  • An inverter 3 generates an alternating voltage which is fed to a series resonant circuit 4. The voltage drop across the capacitor of the series resonant circuit 4 is supplied to the lamps L1, L2 as the operating voltage.
  • a programmer 14 connected to a bus determines the start of a preheat phase for the lamp L. He gives to the block 8 a start signal.
  • the block 8 generates the heating power or the filament current for the filaments W1 and W2 of the lamp L.
  • the heating power or the filament current are kept constant during the preheating phase.
  • the heating power or the filament current are passed to the lamps L1, L2 via a block 6, which contains means for limiting the filament voltage.
  • a limitation of the filament voltage is required to avoid a transverse discharge between the individual sections of the heating coils.
  • the filament current flowing through the "cold" coils W1b, W2b generates a voltage drop across the resistor R5, which is conducted to the filament current measuring means 7.
  • the measurement values continuously measured by the filament current measuring means 7 and the filament voltage measuring means 9 are fed to a memory 15.
  • the memory 15 is of the Programmer 14 is controlled in such a way that the measured values for the filament current and the filament voltages are stored at two successive times during the preheating phase.
  • the stored measured values for the filament current and the filament voltages are fed from the memory 15 from a quotient generator 10 which calculates therefrom the cold resistances and the thermal resistances of the filaments. These values are forwarded by the quotient generator 10 to the difference value generator 11, which calculates the difference resistances from them.
  • the difference value generator 11 supplies the difference resistances to a decision logic 13, which in turn corresponds to a memory 12 by storing a table for reference difference resistances.
  • Decision logic 13 compares the difference resistances calculated in block 11 with the reference values in the table stored in memory 12 and determines the type of lamps L1, L2 operated by ballast V. The determined lamp type is reported by the decision logic 13 to the Radioparameter- setting means 5, which among other things adjust the heating current or the heating power, if the lamps L1, L2 are of a different type than the previously operated with the ballast V lamps.
  • Further operating parameters may be the preheating time, the ignition voltage, the lamp burning voltage, the lamp current or else parameters for fault shutdowns. However, it is also possible to set operating parameters for the power factor correction circuit, such as, for example, the bus voltage or the dynamics of the control loop.
  • Fig. 2 concerns the case that two ballasts are operated in parallel with one ballast. Of course, it also includes the possibility of working with only one lamp.
  • the cold resistances Rcold1 and Rcold2 are measured by the two lamps. From the two measured values, the absolute value of the difference
  • the differential resistance Rdiff is smaller than a substitution resistance Rsub. This case is given when the lamp is replaced for simulation by such substitution resistance. If this is the case, the cold resistance and the hot resistance do not differ. Therefore, if the decision is "Yes", the differential resistance Rdiff is set equal to the hot resistance Rhot.
  • a special behavior deviating from normal operation can be triggered.
  • deviating operating parameters for the subsequent operation can be set for this case, whereby the preheating time or the sequence behavior of the lamp start can be changed, but the ballast can also have operating parameters on the detected value of the substitution resistance for later operation, ie after the next lamp start , be specified.
  • This can be understood as a kind of programming of the ballast, whereby the respective types of the lamps to be detected can be specified.
  • An example of this may be that a ballast has stored the parameter sets for combining a 14W and 24W lamp and the combination of a 21W and 39W lamp.
  • the ballast can later distinguish between a 14W and 24W lamp or a 21W and 39W lamp, thus avoiding the problem that the 14W lamp and the 21W lamp can not be distinguished by their coils.
  • the decision is whether the differential resistance Rdiff is smaller than a first stored resistance value "Level 1". If difference resistance Rdiff is less than this level 1, then the decision is made that this is the lamp type 1.
  • the setting of the lamp parameters is continued according to the determined lamp type.
  • Lamp type detection also optionally means that the number of parallel discharge lamps (or similar) supplied by the operating device can be determined using heating coils, ie “type” or “lamp type” also includes the interconnection topology (serial / parallel) of several ( preferably similar) lamps.)
  • Fig. 3 shows the course of the filament resistance in three different lamp types during the preheat phase, which takes 500 ms.
  • the cold resistance Rcold1 is 2 WW
  • the hot resistance Rhot1 is 3.88 WW; where WW stands for a resistance value unit.
  • the cold resistance Rcold2 is 4 WW. It rises during the preheat phase to the hot resistor Rhot2 with 14 WW.
  • the filament of the third lamp type starts with the cold resistance Rcold3 at 8 WW. This resistance increases during the preheat phase to the hot resistor Rhot3 with 40 WW.
  • differential resistance Rdiff1 of 1.88 WW.
  • the differential resistance Rdiff2 of the second lamp type is 10 WW.
  • the differential resistance Rdiff3 for the third lamp type is 32 WW.
  • the spreading of the hot resistors Rhot1, Rhot2 and Rhot3 makes it possible to define for the differential resistors Rdiff1, Rdiff2 and Rdiff3 variation ranges which are spaced from each other.
  • the variation ranges are marked with hatching lines.
  • a secure identification is in any case given if the determined difference resistance of the heating coil of a lamp falls into one of the three hatched areas.
  • the first level “level 1" is identical to the cold resistance Rcold1 of the first lamp type.
  • the second level “level 2” is identical to the hot resistance Rhot2 of the second type of lamp.
  • the third level “level 3” lies with a considerable distance above the hot resistance Rhot3 of the lamp type.
  • dashed lines show that the ranges of determination for the relevant lamp type extend beyond the lower undefined range to the next level.
  • the identification zones that go beyond the hatched areas are not compulsory, but have been chosen on a case-by-case basis. It is essential that the hatched areas, ie the variation ranges for the Differential resistors allow identification of the lamp type with great certainty.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Schaltung zum Betrieb von Leuchtmitteln.The invention relates to a method and a circuit for operating bulbs.

Bei einem nach der EP 1519638 A1 bekannten Verfahren wird zu zwei verschiedenen Zeitpunkten der Vorheizphase der Spannungsabfall über einem auf der Primärseite des Heiztransformators befindlichen Widerstand gemessen. Die beiden dadurch ermittelten Spannungswerte werden mit in einem Speicher abgelegten Referenzspannungswerten verglichen, um den Lampentyp zu bestimmen.At one after the EP 1519638 A1 In known processes, the voltage drop across a resistor located on the primary side of the heating transformer is measured at two different times during the preheating phase. The two voltage values thus determined are compared with reference voltage values stored in a memory to determine the lamp type.

Nach der EP 1125477 B1 ist es bekannt, den Wendelwiderstand der Lampe zu bestimmen, um durch Vergleich mit einem in einem Register abgelegten Referenzwiderstands-Wert den Lampentyp zu ermitteln.After EP 1125477 B1 It is known to determine the filament resistance of the lamp to determine the lamp type by comparison with a reference resistance value stored in a register.

Nach der EP 1103165 B1 erfolgt die Identifizierung des Lampentyps durch Messung des über die Wendel fließenden Stromes. Der Strom wird während der Vorheizphase zu zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Zeitpunkten gemessen.After EP 1103165 B1 the lamp type is identified by measuring the current flowing through the filament. The current is measured during the preheat phase at two consecutive times.

In der deutschen Patentanmeldung DE 10 2007 047 142.6 wird vorgeschlagen, den Messwert des Wendelwiderstandes zur Bestimmung des Lampentyps zu verwenden, wobei allerdings Voraussetzung ist, dass die der Heizwendel zugeführte Leistung bzw. der zugeführte Wendelstrom während der Vorheizphase konstant gehalten werden. Dadurch wird folgender vorteilhafter Effekt erzielt: Während der Vorheizphase erhitzen sich die Wendeln. Mit der Erhitzung steigt auch der Wendelwiderstand. Wenn beispielsweise die Wendel eines ersten Lampentyps den Kaltwiderstand R hat, so kann sich dieser während der Vorheizphase verdoppeln, so dass er beispielsweise 2R beträgt. Wenn nun die Wendel eines zweiten Lampentyps den Kaltwiderstand 2R hat, so würde deren Heißwiderstand 4R sein. Während der Vorheizphase findet also eine Aufspreizung der Widerstandswerte dahingehend statt, dass der Abstand bzw. die Differenz der Heißwiderstände doppelt so groß ist, wie die der Kaltwiderstände. Infolge des größeren Abstandes der Heißwiderstände ist eine genauere Bestimmung des Lampentyps möglich. Voraussetzung dafür ist jedoch - wie vorher angegeben - dass die den Wendeln zugeführte Leistung bzw. der den Wendeln zugeführter Heizstrom während der Vorheizphase konstant gehalten werden.In the German patent application DE 10 2007 047 142.6 It is proposed to use the measured value of the helical resistance for determining the lamp type, although it is a prerequisite that the power supplied to the heating coil or the supplied helical current are kept constant during the preheating phase. As a result, the following advantageous effect is achieved: During the preheating phase, the coils heat up. With the heating also increases the coil resistance. For example, if the filament of a first type of lamp has the cold resistance R, it may double during the preheating phase, for example 2R. Now, if the filament of a second lamp type has the cold resistance 2R, its hot resistance would be 4R. During the preheating phase, therefore, there is a spreading of the resistance values to the effect that the distance or the difference of the hot resistances is twice as great as that of the cold resistances. Due to the greater distance of the hot resistors a more accurate determination of the lamp type is possible. However, as previously stated, the prerequisite for this is that the power supplied to the filaments or the filament current supplied to the filaments be kept constant during the preheating phase.

Das eingangs angegebene Verfahren, zu dem hier kein Stand der Technik bekannt ist, ist gekennzeichnet durch die Kombination der Merkmale des Anspruches 1.The method specified at the outset, to which no prior art is known, is characterized by the combination of the features of claim 1.

Die abhängigen Ansprüche 2 bis 8 betreffen Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.The dependent claims 2 to 8 relate to developments of the method according to the invention.

Der Anspruch 9 betrifft eine zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens ausgebildete Schaltung.The claim 9 relates to a trained for carrying out this method circuit.

Die DE102005046482A1 offenbart ein Verfahren nach der Präambel von Anspruch 1.The DE102005046482A1 discloses a method according to the preamble of claim 1.

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zum Betrieb von Leuchtmitteln, insbesondereThe invention relates to a method for operating lamps, in particular

Gasentladungslampen oder LEDs bzw. OLEDs. Dabei wird (bspw. durch eine Steuereinheit) erkannt, ob an einer zum Einsatz der Leuchtmittel vorgesehenen Stelle, bspw. einer Fassung insbesondere für Gasentladungslampen, ein Leuchtmittel oder ein Substitutionswiderstand elektrisch mit einer Betriebsschaltung für die Leuchtmittel verbunden ist. Im Falle des Erkennens eines Substitutionswiderstandwertes wird ein spezielles, vom Normalbetrieb abweichendes Verhalten der Betriebsschaltung auslöst, das insbesondere dann zum Einsatz kommt, wenn der Substitutionswiderstand wieder durch Leuchtmittel ersetzt wurde. Der Substitutionswiderstand kann also insbesondere bei der Herstellung zur Konfigurierung oder Programmierung eines Betriebsgeräts für Leuchtmittel dienen. Eine Lampenfassung oder vergleichbarer Leuchtmittelanschluss wird also erstmals als Programmierschnittstelle verwendet und dient somit nicht (nur) zur Ausgabe der elektrischen Versorgung der Leuchtmittel, sondern auch als Programmierkanal hin bspw. zu einer integrierten Schaltung (Mikrokontroller, ASIC,...) des Betriebsgeräts.Gas discharge lamps or LEDs or OLEDs. In this case, it is detected (for example by a control unit) whether, at a location provided for the use of the luminous means, for example a socket, in particular for gas discharge lamps, a lighting means or a substitution resistor is electrically connected to an operating circuit for the lighting means. If a substitution resistance value is detected, a special behavior of the operating circuit that deviates from normal operation is triggered, which is used in particular when the substitution resistance has been replaced by lighting means. The substitution resistance can thus be used in particular for the manufacture or for the configuration of a control device for lighting means. A lampholder or comparable illuminant connection is therefore used for the first time as a programming interface and thus serves not (only) to output the electrical supply of the lamps, but also as a programming channel, for example. To an integrated circuit (microcontroller, ASIC, ...) of the operating device.

Im Falle des Erkennens eines Substitutionswiderstandwertes durch die Steuereinheit können abweichende Betriebsparameter für den nachfolgenden Betrieb eingestellt werden. Dazu kann die Steuereinheit bspw. den Substitutionswiderstand bzw. dessen Ohm'schen Widerstandswert in einer Tabelle mit einem oder mehreren zu wählenden Betriebsparametern abgleichen. Diese Betriebsparameter kommen vorzugsweise zum Einsatz, sobald anstelle des Substitutionswiderstands wieder ein Leuchtmittel eingesetzt wurde.In the case of recognition of a substitution resistance value by the control unit, different operating parameters can be set for the subsequent operation. For this purpose, the control unit can, for example, match the substitution resistance or its ohmic resistance value in a table with one or more operating parameters to be selected. These operating parameters are preferably used when a light source has been used again instead of the substitution resistance.

Im Falle des Erkennens eines Substitutionswiderstandwertes kann bei einer Gasentladungslampe mit heizbaren Elektroden die Vorheizzeit oder das Ablaufverhalten des Lampenstarts geändert werden.In the case of detecting a substitution resistance value, in a gas discharge lamp with heatable electrodes, the preheating time or the drainage behavior of the lamp starting can be changed.

Im Falle des Erkennens eines Substitutionswiderstandwertes können also der Betriebsschaltung Betriebsparameter über den erkannten Wert des Substitutionswiderstandes für den späteren Betrieb, d.h. nach dem nächsten Lampenstart, vorgegeben werden.Thus, in the case of recognizing a substitution resistance value, the operating circuit may provide operating parameters on the detected value of the substitution resistance for later operation, i. after the next lamp start.

Mittels des Substitutionswiderstands können zu betreibende Leuchtmitteltypen, insbesondere Wattagen vorgegeben werden. Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der Zeichnungen beschrieben.By means of the substitution resistance, the types of lamps to be operated, in particular wattages, can be specified. Embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 ein schematisiertes Blockschaltbild des erfindungsgemäßen Vorschaltgerätes;
  • Fig. 2 ein Flussdiagramm, welches zeigt, wie das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren praktisch umgesetzt wird; und
  • Fig. 3 eine graphische Darstellung der Abhängigkeit des Wendelwiderstandes von der Vorheizzeit für drei verschiedene Lampentypen sowie sich daraus ergebenden drei Variationsbereiche für den Differenzwiderstand jedes dieser drei Lampentypen;
Show it:
  • Fig. 1 a schematic block diagram of the ballast according to the invention;
  • Fig. 2 a flow chart showing how the inventive method is practiced; and
  • Fig. 3 a graph of the dependence of the helical resistance of the preheating time for three different lamp types and the resulting three ranges of variation for the differential resistance of each of these three lamp types;

Das in Fig. 1 gezeigte Vorschaltgerät V dient zum Betrieb von zwei Gasentladungslampen L1, L2 mit je zwei Heizwendeln W1a, W1b, W2a, W2b.This in Fig. 1 shown ballast V is used to operate two gas discharge lamps L1, L2, each with two heating coils W1a, W1b, W2a, W2b.

Zur Erzeugung der Betriebsspannung für die Lampen L1, L2 wird von einem Gleichrichter 1 die Netzspannung gleichgerichtet und in einer Glättungsschaltung geglättet. Ein Wechselrichter 3 erzeugt daraus eine Wechselspannung, die einem Serienresonanzkreis 4 zugeführt wird. Die über dem Kondensator des Serienresonanzkreises 4 abfallende Spannung wird den Lampen L1, L2 als Betriebsspannung zugeführt.To generate the operating voltage for the lamps L1, L2 is rectified by a rectifier 1, the mains voltage and smoothed in a smoothing circuit. An inverter 3 generates an alternating voltage which is fed to a series resonant circuit 4. The voltage drop across the capacitor of the series resonant circuit 4 is supplied to the lamps L1, L2 as the operating voltage.

Ein mit einem Bus verbundener Programmgeber 14 legt den Start einer Vorheizphase für die Lampe L fest. Er gibt dazu an den Block 8 ein Startsignal. Der Block 8 erzeugt die Heizleistung bzw. den Wendelstrom für die Wendeln W1 und W2 der Lampe L. Die Heizleistung bzw. der Wendelstrom werden während der Vorheizphase konstant gehalten. Die Heizleistung bzw. der Wendelstrom werden den Lampen L1, L2 über einen Block 6 geführt, der Mittel zum begrenzen der Wendelspannung enthält. Eine Begrenzung der Wendelspannung ist erforderlich, um eine Querentladung zwischen den einzelnen Abschnitten der Heizwendeln zu vermeiden. Der durch die "kalten" Wendeln W1b, W2b fließende Wendelstrom erzeugt an dem Widerstand R5 einen Spannungsabfall, der Wendelstrom-Messmitteln 7 geführt wird. An Spannungsteilern R1/R2 und R3/R4 werden ferner Spannungen abgenommen, die ein Maß für die Wendelspannungen an den "kalten" Wendeln W1b, W2b sind. Diese werden den Wendelspannungs-Messmitteln 9 zugeführt.A programmer 14 connected to a bus determines the start of a preheat phase for the lamp L. He gives to the block 8 a start signal. The block 8 generates the heating power or the filament current for the filaments W1 and W2 of the lamp L. The heating power or the filament current are kept constant during the preheating phase. The heating power or the filament current are passed to the lamps L1, L2 via a block 6, which contains means for limiting the filament voltage. A limitation of the filament voltage is required to avoid a transverse discharge between the individual sections of the heating coils. The filament current flowing through the "cold" coils W1b, W2b generates a voltage drop across the resistor R5, which is conducted to the filament current measuring means 7. At voltage dividers R1 / R2 and R3 / R4 voltages are further removed, which are a measure of the helical voltages at the "cold" coils W1b, W2b. These are fed to the helical voltage measuring means 9.

Die von den Wendelstrom-Messmitteln 7 und den Wendelspannungs-Messmitteln 9 laufend gemessenen Messwerte werden einem Speicher 15 zugeführt. Der Speicher 15 ist von dem Programmgeber 14 gesteuert, und zwar so, dass die Messwerte für den Wendelstrom und die Wendelspannungen zu zwei aufeinanderfolgenden Zeitpunkten während der Vorheizphase gespeichert werden. Die gespeicherten Messwerte für den Wendelstrom und die Wendelspannungen werden von dem Speicher 15 aus einem Quotientenbildner 10 zugeführt, der daraus die Kaltwiderstände und die Heißwiderstände der Wendeln berechnet. Diese Werte werden von dem Quotientenbildner 10 an den Differenzwertbildner 11 weitergeleitet, der daraus die Differenzwiderstände errechnet.The measurement values continuously measured by the filament current measuring means 7 and the filament voltage measuring means 9 are fed to a memory 15. The memory 15 is of the Programmer 14 is controlled in such a way that the measured values for the filament current and the filament voltages are stored at two successive times during the preheating phase. The stored measured values for the filament current and the filament voltages are fed from the memory 15 from a quotient generator 10 which calculates therefrom the cold resistances and the thermal resistances of the filaments. These values are forwarded by the quotient generator 10 to the difference value generator 11, which calculates the difference resistances from them.

Der Differenzwertbildner 11 führt die Differenzwiderstände einer Entscheidungslogik 13 zu, die ihrerseits mit einem Speicher 12 korrespondiert, indem eine Tabelle für Referenz-Differenzwiderstände abgelegt ist. Die Entscheidungslogik 13 vergleicht den in dem Block 11 berechneten Differenzwiderstände mit den Referenzwerten in der im Speicher 12 gespeicherten Tabelle und bestimmt den Typ der von dem Vorschaltgerät V betriebenen Lampen L1, L2. Der ermittelte Lampentyp wird von der Entscheidungslogik 13 an die Betriebsparameter- Einstellmittel 5 gemeldet, die unter anderem den Heizstrom bzw. die Heizleistung neu einstellen, falls die Lampen L1, L2 von einem anderen Typ sind als die zuvor mit dem Vorschaltgerät V betriebenen Lampen. Weitere Betriebsparameter können die Vorheizzeit, die Zündspannung, die Lampenbrennspannung, der Lampenstrom oder auch Parameter für Fehlerabschaltungen sein. Es können aber auch Betriebsparameter für die Leistungsfaktorkorrekturschaltung wie beispielsweise die Busspannung oder die Dynamik der Regelschleife eingestellt werden.The difference value generator 11 supplies the difference resistances to a decision logic 13, which in turn corresponds to a memory 12 by storing a table for reference difference resistances. Decision logic 13 compares the difference resistances calculated in block 11 with the reference values in the table stored in memory 12 and determines the type of lamps L1, L2 operated by ballast V. The determined lamp type is reported by the decision logic 13 to the Betriebsparameter- setting means 5, which among other things adjust the heating current or the heating power, if the lamps L1, L2 are of a different type than the previously operated with the ballast V lamps. Further operating parameters may be the preheating time, the ignition voltage, the lamp burning voltage, the lamp current or else parameters for fault shutdowns. However, it is also possible to set operating parameters for the power factor correction circuit, such as, for example, the bus voltage or the dynamics of the control loop.

Es sei in diesem Zusammenhang darauf hingewiesen, dass die einzelnen Blöcke in Fig. 1 nicht notwendigerweise durch Hardware realisiert sein müssen. Vielmehr ist es auch möglich, dass die Funktion einiger Blöcke durch eine entsprechende Software in einem Prozessor realisiert wird. Die Blockdarstellung in Fig. 1 soll lediglich dem besseren Verständnis dienen.It should be noted in this regard that the individual blocks in Fig. 1 not necessarily be realized by hardware. Rather, it is also possible that the function of some blocks by a corresponding Software is realized in a processor. The block diagram in Fig. 1 should only serve the better understanding.

Die logische Abfolge der einzelnen Verfahrensschritte zur Ermittlung des Lampentyps, also die softwaremäßige Darstellung der Erfindung, ist in Fig. 2 gezeigt. Die wird nachfolgend erläutert.The logical sequence of the individual method steps for determining the lamp type, ie the software representation of the invention, is described in Fig. 2 shown. This will be explained below.

Die Darstellung in Fig. 2 betrifft den Fall, dass mit einem Vorschaltgerät parallel zwei Lampen betrieben werden. Sie umfasst aber selbstverständlich auch die Möglichkeit, dass nur mit einer Lampe gearbeitet wird.The representation in Fig. 2 concerns the case that two ballasts are operated in parallel with one ballast. Of course, it also includes the possibility of working with only one lamp.

Zu Beginn der Vorheizphase werden von den beiden Lampen die Kaltwiderstände Rcold1 und Rcold2 gemessen. Aus den beiden Messwerten wird der Absolutwert der Differenz |Rdiff| berechnet. Danach werden drei Fälle unterschieden. Wenn |Rdiff| kleiner als ein erster Referenzwert Ref1 ist, so bedeutet dass, dass die beiden Lampen vom gleichen Typ sind. Es geht dann weiter im "Fall 1".At the beginning of the preheating phase the cold resistances Rcold1 and Rcold2 are measured by the two lamps. From the two measured values, the absolute value of the difference | Rdiff | calculated. Then three cases are distinguished. If | Rdiff | is smaller than a first reference value Ref1, it means that the two lamps are of the same type. It then continues in "Case 1".

Wenn |Rdiff| größer als der erste Referenzwert Ref1 aber kleiner als ein zweiter Referenzwert Ref2 ist, so bedeutet dass, dass Lampen zwar betriebsbereit, jedoch nicht vom gleichen Typ sind. In diesem Fall wird der Pfad "Fall 2" beschritten. Das Ergebnis hat in der Regel zur Folge, dass eine Lampe ausgetauscht wird.If | Rdiff | greater than the first reference value Ref1 but smaller than a second reference value Ref2, this means that lamps are ready for operation but not of the same type. In this case, the path "Case 2" is taken. The result usually results in a lamp being replaced.

Nunmehr soll der Pfad "Fall 1" weiter verfolgt werden, in dem wie dargestellt der weitere Ablauf mit der Lampe mit der Wendel mit dem niedrigeren Kaltwiderstand erfolgt.Now, the path "Case 1" should be followed, in which, as shown, the further process takes place with the lamp with the filament having the lower cold resistance.

In einem weiteren Block wird dann derjenigen der beiden Differenzwiderstände Rdiff1 bzw. Rdiff2 für die Weiterverarbeitung ausgewählt, der dem geringeren Kaltwiderstand Rcold1 bzw. Rcold2 zuzuordnen ist.In a further block is then that of the two differential resistors Rdiff1 and Rdiff2 for the Further processing selected, which is assigned to the lower cold resistance Rcold1 or Rcold2.

Es versteht sich, dass man zu diesem Punkt in dem Flussdiagramm auch kommt, wenn nur eine Lampe vorhanden ist. In diesem Fall entfällt die Aufspaltung der Kaltwiderstände in zwei Pfade. Der weitere Verlauf des Flussdiagramms ist ohnehin nur auf einen Differenzwiderstand beschränkt, sei es der der Lampe mit der Wendel mit dem kleineren Kaltwiderstand oder der einzigen Lampe.It is understood that this point in the flowchart also comes when only one lamp is present. In this case, the splitting of the cold resistances in two paths is eliminated. The further course of the flowchart is limited anyway only to a differential resistance, be it the lamp with the coil with the smaller cold resistance or the single lamp.

Des Weiteren wird nun geprüft, ob der Differenzwiderstand Rdiff kleiner als ein Substitutionswiderstand Rsub ist. Dieser Fall ist dann gegeben, wenn die Lampe zur Simulation durch einen solchen Substitutionswiderstand ersetzt ist. Wenn das der Fall ist, unterscheiden sich der Kaltwiderstand und der Heißwiderstand nicht. Deshalb wird - wenn die Entscheidung "Ja" lautet - der Differenzwiderstand Rdiff gleich dem Heißwiderstand Rhot gesetzt.Furthermore, it is now checked whether the differential resistance Rdiff is smaller than a substitution resistance Rsub. This case is given when the lamp is replaced for simulation by such substitution resistance. If this is the case, the cold resistance and the hot resistance do not differ. Therefore, if the decision is "Yes", the differential resistance Rdiff is set equal to the hot resistance Rhot.

Im Falle des Erkennens eines Substitutionswiderstandwertes kann ein spezielles, vom Normalbetrieb abweichendes Verhalten auslöst werden. Beispielweise können für diesen Fall abweichende Betriebsparameter für den nachfolgenden Betrieb eingestellt werden, wobei auch die Vorheizzeit oder das Ablaufverhalten des Lampenstarts geändert werden kann, es können dem Vorschaltgerät aber auch Betriebsparameter über den erkannten Wert des Substitutionswiderstandes für den späteren Betrieb, d.h. nach dem nächsten Lampenstart, vorgegeben werden. Dies kann als eine Art Programmierung des Vorschaltgerätes verstanden werden, wobei auch die jeweiligen Typen der zu erkennenden Lampen vorgegeben werden können. Ein Beispiel dafür kann sein, dass ein Vorschaltgerät die Parametersätze für die Kombination einer 14W und 24W Lampe sowie die Kombination einer 21W und 39W Lampe gespeichert hat. Je nach Vorgabe durch den Wert des einmalig anzuschließendem Substitutionswiderstandes kann das Vorschaltgerät später zwischen einer 14W und 24W Lampe oder einer 21W und 39W Lampe unterscheiden und somit dass Problem umgehen, dass sich die 14W Lampe und die 21W Lampe anhand ihrer Wendeln nicht unterscheiden lassen.In the case of recognizing a substitution resistance value, a special behavior deviating from normal operation can be triggered. For example, deviating operating parameters for the subsequent operation can be set for this case, whereby the preheating time or the sequence behavior of the lamp start can be changed, but the ballast can also have operating parameters on the detected value of the substitution resistance for later operation, ie after the next lamp start , be specified. This can be understood as a kind of programming of the ballast, whereby the respective types of the lamps to be detected can be specified. An example of this may be that a ballast has stored the parameter sets for combining a 14W and 24W lamp and the combination of a 21W and 39W lamp. Depending on the specification by the value of the substitution resistance to be connected once, the ballast can later distinguish between a 14W and 24W lamp or a 21W and 39W lamp, thus avoiding the problem that the 14W lamp and the 21W lamp can not be distinguished by their coils.

Wenn der Differenzwiderstand Rdiff größer als der Substitutionswiderstand Rsub ist, d. h., wenn sich - weil eine Lampe eingesetzt ist - Rcold und Rhot unterscheiden, so lautet das Ergebnis der Entscheidung "Nein".If the difference resistance Rdiff is greater than the substitution resistance Rsub, d. h., if - because a lamp is inserted - Rcold and Rhot differ, the result of the decision is "no".

Als nächstes steht die Entscheidung an, ob der Differenzwiderstand Rdiff kleiner als ein erster gespeicherter Widerstandswert "Pegel 1" ist. Wenn Differenzwiderstand Rdiff kleiner als dieser Pegel 1 ist, so wird die Entscheidung getroffen, dass es sich hier um den Lampentyp 1 handelt.Next, the decision is whether the differential resistance Rdiff is smaller than a first stored resistance value "Level 1". If difference resistance Rdiff is less than this level 1, then the decision is made that this is the lamp type 1.

Wenn der Differenzwiderstand Rdiff zwischen den bereits genannten Pegel 1 und einem weiteren höher gelegenen Pegel 2 liegt, so wird die Entscheidung getroffen, dass ein Lampentyp 2 vorliegt.If the difference resistance Rdiff is between the already mentioned level 1 and a further higher level 2, the decision is made that a lamp type 2 is present.

Wenn der Differenzwiderstand Rdiff zwischen dem Pegel 2 und einem weiteren Pegel 3 liegt, so wird die Entscheidung getroffen, dass der Lampentyp 3 vorliegt.If the difference resistance Rdiff is between the level 2 and another level 3, the decision is made that the lamp type 3 is present.

Die Begriffe "Pegel 1", "Pegel 2" und "Pegel 3" werden nachfolgend noch in Verbindung mit Fig. 3 genauer erläutert.The terms "Level 1", "Level 2" and "Level 3" will be discussed below Fig. 3 explained in more detail.

Sofern sich der Differenzwiderstand Rdiff in die genannten Grenzen fällt und der Lampentyp dadurch bestimmt werden kann, so wird mit dem Setzen der Lampenparameter entsprechend dem ermittelten Lampentyp fortgefahren.If the difference resistance Rdiff falls within the stated limits and the lamp type can thereby be determined, the setting of the lamp parameters is continued according to the determined lamp type.

(Unter "Lampentyperkennung" ist optional auch zu verstehen, dass die Anzahl parallel oder seriell durch das Betriebsgerät versorgter (gleichartiger) Gasentladungslampen mit Heizwendeln ermittelbar ist. Unter "Typ" oder "Lampentyp" ist also auch die Verschaltungstopologie (seriell/parallel) mehrerer (vorzugsweise gleichartiger) Lampen zu verstehen.)("Lamp type detection" also optionally means that the number of parallel discharge lamps (or similar) supplied by the operating device can be determined using heating coils, ie "type" or "lamp type" also includes the interconnection topology (serial / parallel) of several ( preferably similar) lamps.)

Wenn dagegen kein Bereich gefunden worden ist, in den der Differenzwiderstand Rdiff eingeordnet werden kann, so wird mit dem zuletzt gespeicherten Wert weitergearbeitet.If, on the other hand, no range has been found in which the differential resistance Rdiff can be classified, then work continues with the last stored value.

Fig. 3 zeigt den Verlauf des Wendelwiderstandes bei drei verschiedenen Lampentypen während der Vorheizphase, die 500 ms dauert. Fig. 3 shows the course of the filament resistance in three different lamp types during the preheat phase, which takes 500 ms.

Bei der ersten Wendel ist der Kaltwiderstand Rcold1 2 WW, und der Heißwiderstand Rhot1 3,88 WW; wobei WW für eine Widerstandswert-Einheit steht.For the first filament, the cold resistance Rcold1 is 2 WW, and the hot resistance Rhot1 is 3.88 WW; where WW stands for a resistance value unit.

Bei der Wendel des zweiten Lampentyps ist der Kaltwiderstand Rcold2 4 WW. Er steigt während der Vorheizphase auf den Heißwiderstand Rhot2 mit 14 WW an.In the helix of the second lamp type, the cold resistance Rcold2 is 4 WW. It rises during the preheat phase to the hot resistor Rhot2 with 14 WW.

Die Wendel des dritten Lampentyps beginnt mit dem Kaltwiderstand Rcold3 bei 8 WW. Dieser Widerstand steigt während der Vorheizphase auf den Heißwiderstand Rhot3 mit 40 WW.The filament of the third lamp type starts with the cold resistance Rcold3 at 8 WW. This resistance increases during the preheat phase to the hot resistor Rhot3 with 40 WW.

Man erkennt, wie Widerstandswerte mit der thermischen Erwärmung aufspreizen. Voraussetzung ist dabei, dass den Wendeln während der Vorheizphase immer die gleiche Heizleistung bzw. der gleiche Heizstrom zugeführt wird.It can be seen how resistance values spread with thermal heating. The prerequisite is that the coils during the preheating always the same heating power or the same heating current is supplied.

Bildet man nun jeweils aus dem Heißwiderstand Rhot und dem Kaltwiderstand Rcold den Differenzwiderstand, so ergibt sich für den ersten Lampentyp ein Differenzwiderstand Rdiff1 von 1,88 WW. Der Differenzwiderstand Rdiff2 ist des zweiten Lampentyps beträgt 10 WW. Der Differenzwiderstand Rdiff3 für den dritten Lampentyp beträgt 32 WW.If one now forms the differential resistance from the hot resistor Rhot and the cold resistor Rcold, the result is for the first lamp type, a differential resistance Rdiff1 of 1.88 WW. The differential resistance Rdiff2 of the second lamp type is 10 WW. The differential resistance Rdiff3 for the third lamp type is 32 WW.

Die Aufspreizung der Heißwiderstände Rhot1, Rhot2 und Rhot3 erlaubt es, für die Differenzwiderstände Rdiff1, Rdiff2 und Rdiff3 Variationsbereiche zu definieren, die voneinander einen Abstand haben. Die Variationsbereiche sind mit Schraffurlinien gekennzeichnet.The spreading of the hot resistors Rhot1, Rhot2 and Rhot3 makes it possible to define for the differential resistors Rdiff1, Rdiff2 and Rdiff3 variation ranges which are spaced from each other. The variation ranges are marked with hatching lines.

Eine sichere Identifizierung ist jedenfalls dann gegeben, wenn der ermittelte Differenzwiderstand der Heizwendel einer Lampe in einen der drei schraffierten Bereiche fällt.A secure identification is in any case given if the determined difference resistance of the heating coil of a lamp falls into one of the three hatched areas.

Es hat sich jedoch herausgestellt, dass eine zufriedenstellende Bestimmung des Lampentyps auch dann möglich ist, wenn man mit den drei eingezeichneten Pegeln arbeitet. Der erste Pegel "Pegel 1" ist mit dem Kaltwiderstand Rcold1 des ersten Lampentyps identisch. Der zweite Pegel "Pegel 2" ist mit dem Heißwiderstand Rhot2 des zweiten Lampentyps identisch. Der dritte Pegel "Pegel 3" liegt mit beachtlichem Abstand über dem Heißwiderstand Rhot3 des Lampentyps.However, it has been found that a satisfactory determination of the lamp type is possible even when working with the three drawn levels. The first level "level 1" is identical to the cold resistance Rcold1 of the first lamp type. The second level "level 2" is identical to the hot resistance Rhot2 of the second type of lamp. The third level "level 3" lies with a considerable distance above the hot resistance Rhot3 of the lamp type.

Mit den rechts in der Darstellung eingezeichneten Distanzpfeilen ist durch gestrichelte Linien dargestellt, dass die Bestimmungsbereiche für den betreffenden Lampentyp über den unteren nicht definierten Bereich hinaus bis zu dem nächsten Pegel reichen.With the distance arrows drawn on the right in the illustration, dashed lines show that the ranges of determination for the relevant lamp type extend beyond the lower undefined range to the next level.

Die über die schraffierten Bereiche hinausgehenden Identifizierungszonen sind nicht zwingend, sondern fallspezifisch gewählt worden. Wesentlich ist, dass die schraffierten Bereiche, also die Variationsbereiche für die Differenzwiderstände eine Identifizierung des Lampentyps mit großer Sicherheit erlauben.The identification zones that go beyond the hatched areas are not compulsory, but have been chosen on a case-by-case basis. It is essential that the hatched areas, ie the variation ranges for the Differential resistors allow identification of the lamp type with great certainty.

Bei dem Lampentyp 3 wäre es jedoch denkbar, dass - bei entsprechender vorheriger Erhitzung - der Kaltwiderstand Rcold3 im Verlauf der Vorheizzeit von 500 ms so weit ansteigt, dass der Heißwiderstand Rhot3 weit über dem Wert (40 WW) liegt, der in Fig. 3 angegeben. Das hätte aber bei der vorausgesetzten konstanten Heizleistung bzw. dem konstanten Wendelstrom zur Folge, dass zwischen den einzelnen Abschnitten der Wendel Querentladungen auftreten, weil die Spannung zwischen diesen Abschnitten zu hoch wird. Hier setzt deshalb die Wirkung der Wendelspannungs-Begrenzung ein, die in Zusammenhang mit Block 6 in Fig. 1 erläutert wurde. Die Begrenzung der Heizspannung bewirkt, dass der Heißwiderstand Rhot3 nicht auf den zuvor beschriebenen theoretischen Wert steigen kann, sondern limitiert wird.In the case of lamp type 3, however, it would be conceivable that - with corresponding prior heating - the cold resistance Rcold3 increases so much in the course of the preheating time of 500 ms that the hot resistance Rhot3 is far above the value (40 WW) which is in Fig. 3 specified. With the assumed constant heating power or the constant helical current, however, this would mean that transverse discharges occur between the individual sections of the helix because the voltage between these sections becomes too high. Here, therefore, the effect of the helical voltage limit sets in connection with block 6 in Fig. 1 was explained. The limitation of the heating voltage causes the hot resistor Rhot3 can not rise to the theoretical value described above, but is limited.

Claims (9)

  1. A method for the operation of lighting means, in particular, gas discharge lamps or LEDs or OLEDs,
    wherein it is detected, whether at a place provided for the use of the lighting means, for example, a socket, a lighting means or a substitution resistor (Rsub) is electrically connected with an operating circuit for the lighting means,
    wherein if a substitution resistance value (Rsub) is detected a special behavior of the operating circuit, deviating from the normal mode, is triggered, deviating operating parameters are set for the subsequent operation, and operating parameters of the operating circuit are provided by means of the detected value of the substitution resistance (Rsub) for the later operation, i.e., the operation after the next lamp starting, characterized in that
    a measured cold resistance value (Rcold1, Rcold2) is compared with a measured hot resistance value (Rhot1, Rhot2) for the detection of the substitution resistance.
  2. A method according to Claim 1,
    wherein if a substitution resistance value (Rsub) is detected the preheating time or the flow behavior of the lamp starting is changed.
  3. A method according to one of Claims 1 or 2, wherein by means of the substitution resistance (Rsub) types of lighting means to be operated, in particular, wattages are specified.
  4. A method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the cold resistance and the hot resistance of the substitution resistor (Rsub) have the same amount.
  5. A method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat output or the filament current is kept constant during the preheating phase and wherein the detection of the substitution resistance value (Rsub) occurs in the preheating phase.
  6. A method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the comparison is made by computing the difference (Rdiff) between the measured cold resistance (Rcold1, Rcold2) and the measured hot resistance (Rhot1, Rhot2).
  7. A method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the operating circuit is configured or programmed by means of the substitution resistance value (Rsub).
  8. A method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the setting of the deviating operating parameters occurs by means of a control unit, wherein in the control unit the substitution resistance value (Rsub) is compared with at least one operating parameter to be selected.
  9. A circuit, in particular, an integrated circuit, such as, for example, an ASIC, which is designed for implementing a method according to one of the preceding claims.
EP11164424.1A 2008-03-04 2009-03-03 Lighting system and method for testing whether at least two gas discharge lamps to be operated with a ballast are of the same type Not-in-force EP2355626B1 (en)

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DE102008012453A DE102008012453A1 (en) 2008-03-04 2008-03-04 Method for checking that at least two gas discharge lamps to be operated with an electronic ballast are of the same type
EP09719813A EP2248397B1 (en) 2008-03-04 2009-03-03 Lighting system and method for testing whether at least two gas discharge lamps to be operated by an evg are the same type

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EP2355626A3 (en) 2014-02-05
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AT517953B1 (en) 2017-06-15
EP2355626A2 (en) 2011-08-10

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