EP2335025B1 - Feldgerät der prozessautomatisierung - Google Patents

Feldgerät der prozessautomatisierung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2335025B1
EP2335025B1 EP09783147.3A EP09783147A EP2335025B1 EP 2335025 B1 EP2335025 B1 EP 2335025B1 EP 09783147 A EP09783147 A EP 09783147A EP 2335025 B1 EP2335025 B1 EP 2335025B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
current sink
field device
current
controllable current
controllable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP09783147.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2335025A1 (de
Inventor
Jürgen Meier
Martin Lange
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
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Publication of EP2335025A1 publication Critical patent/EP2335025A1/de
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Publication of EP2335025B1 publication Critical patent/EP2335025B1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
    • G08C19/02—Electric signal transmission systems in which the signal transmitted is magnitude of current or voltage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a field device of process automation technology, with at least one interface for outputting a current signal, with at least one default unit, which specifies at least one value, from which the current signal to be output via the interface is dependent.
  • measuring devices which output signals and in particular measured values as 4 ... 20 mA signals.
  • EP 1 158 274 A1 controlled current sources of two-wire measuring instruments which generate as measuring signal between 4 mA and 20 mA lying output current and which are controlled by a control signal generated by means of a physical-electrical sensor element shown.
  • the two conductors are used both for the power supply, for which a DC voltage source is to be applied to the two conductors from outside, and for the transmission of the measuring signal.
  • the task of in the EP 1 158 274 A1 specified invention is to provide improved controlled power sources of two-wire gauges, which is required for the start when switching the DC voltage source, compared to the normal operation higher energy demand is provided, so that the controlled current source starts to work automatically.
  • error signal is output, which is usually outside the actual signal range between 4 and 20 mA.
  • the error signal is thus either below 4 mA or above 20 mA.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a field device which permits a check of the error signaling without this resulting in an impairment, in particular of the units connected downstream of the field device.
  • the object is achieved by the invention in that at least one first controllable current sink and a second controllable
  • the field device is in particular a 4 ... 20 mA signal field device.
  • An embodiment provides that the field device signals the presence of a fault of the field device by an error signal via the interface, wherein the error signal is within an error signal interval.
  • the error signal interval is in particular between 0 mA and 4 mA or 3.6 mA, if the interface is a 4 ... 20 mA interface.
  • An embodiment includes that the error signal has a current intensity below a predetermined value, in particular less than 3.6 mA.
  • An embodiment includes that at least one control unit is provided, and that the control unit is configured such that the control unit sets the first controllable current sink and the second controllable current sink respectively to a predeterminable current intensity starting from the default unit.
  • control unit is configured such that the control unit starting from the default unit, the first controllable current sink and the second controllable current sink such controls that the signal present at the interface varies within a predefinable interval.
  • An embodiment includes that the first controllable current sink consists of at least a first current sink, a first regulator, a first resistor and a first measuring resistor, wherein the first measuring resistor is connected in series with the first current sink and is provided for tapping a first measuring voltage.
  • the second controllable current sink at least consists of a second current sink, a second regulator, a second resistor and a second measuring resistor, wherein the second measuring resistor is connected in series with the second current sink and is provided for tapping a second measuring voltage.
  • An embodiment includes that a capacitor and a diode are incorporated in the first controllable current sink and / or in the second controllable current sink.
  • An embodiment provides that a first switch and a first bridging resistor are provided parallel to the first current sink and to the first measuring resistor.
  • An embodiment includes that a second switch and a second bridging resistor are provided parallel to the second current sink and the second measuring resistor.
  • control unit has at least two microprocessors which essentially independently of one another control the first controllable current sink and the second controllable current sink.
  • an inventive field device 10 is shown. This is, for example, a measuring device for determining and / or monitoring a process variable.
  • the process variable is, for example, level, density, viscosity, flow, pH or temperature.
  • the field device 10 has an interface 11, via which, for example, the measured values are output as 4... 20 mA signals. In the event that there is an error of the field device 10, a signal is output, whose current is outside this range reserved for normal use. In one embodiment, the "fault current" is below 3.6 mA.
  • the circuit shown here allows the test of whether this fault current can be generated without the error signal coming directly to the interface 11.
  • two controllable current sinks 1, 2 are connected in series.
  • a part of the first controllable current sink 1 is a current sink I1.
  • This is an electronic load whose load current is electronically adjustable.
  • An example is a field effect transistor (FET).
  • the first controllable current sink 1 comprises the first regulator RE1, the first measuring resistor R1 and the first resistor R5.
  • the controller RE1 is an operational amplifier, of which an input to the control unit 13 or specifically with the first microprocessor M1 of the control unit 13 and another input with the first resistor R5 or with the voltage drop across the first measuring resistor R1 to which is connected by an operational amplifier and whose output causes the adjustment of the current intensity of the first current sink I1.
  • the input of the regulator RE1 not connected to the control unit 13 is connected to a contact point of the interface 11 via the first resistor R5. This contact point is also connected to ground.
  • the first measuring resistor R1 also allows the tapping of a first measuring voltage U1.
  • the first current sink I1 is connected to the other contact point of the interface 11 and to ground.
  • a zener diode Vz and, in parallel thereto, a capacitor C are also provided between the first current sink I1 and ground.
  • the second controllable current sink 2 is constructed analogously to the first 1. It consists of the second current sink I2, the second regulator RE2, the second resistor R6 and the second measuring resistor R2. In this case, the first current sink I1 and the second current sink I2 are connected in series.
  • the second controller RE2 is controlled here via the second microprocessor M2 of the control unit 13.
  • the two microprocessors M1, M2 operate independently of each other and also independently of one another via the regulators RE1, RE2, the current strengths of the two current sinks I1, I2.
  • the respective nominal value for the current at the interface is specified by the default unit 12. This is in particular the evaluation unit of the sensor component of the field device 10.
  • the current at the interface is thus set such that it corresponds, for example, to a determined measured value for a process variable or that it represents, for example, the reaching of a limit value.
  • the current signal is varied within a predetermined interval, i. it fidgets around the setpoint of the default unit 12 and thus is a life signal for the field device 10. For example, assume a set point of 19 mA, which alternates between two current values, i. For example, an output signal of 19 mA ⁇ 0.25 mA results. This alternation thus means for the receiving unit 15 that the field device 10 is still alive.
  • the following components are provided in the circuit according to the invention:
  • the first controllable current sink 1 has a first measuring resistor R1, connected in series with the first current sink I1, via which a first measuring voltage U1 is tapped. Parallel to the first current sink I1 and the first measuring resistor R1, a first switch S1 and a first bypass resistor R3 are provided.
  • a second measuring resistor R2 for a second measuring voltage U2, a second switch S2 and a second bridging resistor R4 are provided at the second controllable current sink 2.
  • the two controllable current sinks 1, 2 are "decoupled” from one another and allow regulation substantially independently of one another.
  • the time sequences and the occurring currents are shown. Shown are from top to bottom: the output current at the interface 11, the current at the first measuring resistor R1, the current at the first bridging resistor R3, the Current at the second measuring resistor R2 and the current flow at the second bridging resistor R4.
  • switches S1 and S2 are open.
  • the control of the switches takes place, for example, via the control unit 13, or individually via the provided microprocessors M1 and M2, which are associated with the first controllable current sink I1 and the second controllable current sink I2.
  • the first current sink I1 is set to 19.25 mA and the second current sink I2 to 18.75 mA.
  • the output current at the interface 11 is determined by the second current sink I2.
  • the flowing current is measured via the two measuring resistors R1 and R2 and converted in each case via an operational amplifier in a voltage proportional to the current U1 or U2 and the microprocessors M1 and M2 supplied for control (these compounds are not shown here for clarity).
  • test I1 in the Fig. 2 the test of the first current sink I1 (test I1 in the Fig. 2 ):
  • the switch S1 is closed.
  • the current of 18.75 mA is split across branch I1 and R1 and branch R3 and S1. Essentially the same current flows in both branches when the resistors R1 and R3 are of equal size and the resistance of the switch S1 and the internal resistance of I1 are very small.
  • the voltage drop across the measuring resistor R1 voltage U1 is measured and compared with a reference value. Then, the default value of the current for the first current sink I1 from the first microprocessor M1 and the first controller RE1 from the above set 19.25 mA to a test value less than 18.75 mA, z. B. set to 3 mA.
  • the first regulator RE1 sets the first current sink I1 so that the voltage across the resistor R5, which is measured via the first measuring resistor R1, the setpoint input from the first microprocessor M1, i. equal to 3 mA, corresponds.
  • I1 flows 3 mA.
  • the remaining current of 18.75 mA - 3 mA flows through the parallel branch of the resistor R3 and the switch S1.
  • currents between 0 mA and a value Itestmax1 at the first current sink I1 are adjustable.
  • the value Itestmax1 is dependent on the ratio between the resistors R3 and R1.
  • the default value for the first current sink I1 via the first microprocessor M1 and the first regulator RE1 of 3 mA is set to a value greater than 19.25 mA.
  • the partial current 18.75 / 2 mA flows again via the first current sink I1 and the first measuring resistor R1.
  • This partial current can be measured as voltage U1 and compared with a reference value.
  • the partial current Itotal - 3 mA flows through the resistor R3 and the switch S1. To the terminals and thus to the outside flow constantly 18.75 mA. Subsequently, the switch S1 is opened. The current is still held by the second current sink I2 to 18.75 mA.
  • the default value for the second current sink I2 is set to 19.25 mA via the second microprocessor M2 and the second regulator RE2. Since the first current sink was set to a current greater than 19.25, the second current sink I2 determines the output current at the interface, which is thus 19.25 mA. The output signal therefore varies between the two values 18.75 mA and 19.25 mA. Thus, the field device 10 shows that it is still alive.
  • the default value for the first current sink I1 is reduced from the value greater than 19.25 mA to 18.75 mA.
  • the first current sink I1 determines the current to the outside (18.75 mA).
  • the voltage measurements at R1 and R2 give the correct current value in the fault-free case. If the value is correct, the switch S1 has opened and the first current sink I1 is in order.
  • the second switch S2 is closed.
  • the current of currently 18.75 mA is split across branch I2 and R2 and branch R4 and S2.
  • approximately the same current flows when the resistors R2 and R4 are the same size and the resistance of the switch S2 and the internal resistance of the second current sink I2 are very small.
  • the voltage U2 is measured and compared with a reference value.
  • the default value of the second current sink I2 via the microprocessor M2 and the second regulator RE2 of 19.25 mA to a value less than 18.75 mA, z. B. set to 3 mA.
  • the second regulator RE2 sets the second current sink I2 so that the voltage across the resistor R6, which is measured via the second measuring resistor R2, the setpoint input from the second microprocessor M2, ie equal to 3 mA corresponds.
  • I2 3 mA flows.
  • the remaining current of 18.75 mA-3 mA flows via the parallel branch of the resistor R4 and the switch S2.
  • test currents between 0 mA and a value Itestmax2 at the second current sink I2 are adjustable.
  • the value Itestmax2 is dependent on the ratio between the resistors R4 and R2.
  • the partial current 18.75 / 2 mA which can be measured via the voltage U2 and is comparable to a reference value, flows again via the second current sink I2 and the measuring resistor R2.
  • the partial current I total flows less 3 mA via the bridging resistor R4 and the switch S2.
  • the interface 11 is constant at a current signal of 18.75 mA.
  • the switch S2 is opened, wherein the current is still held by the first current sink I1 to 18.75 mA.
  • the default value for the first current sink I1 is set to 19.25 mA via the first microprocessor M1 and the first regulator RE1.
  • the first current sink I1 sets the current at the interface 11 to 19.25 mA.
  • the default value for the current value of the second current sink I2 is reduced from the value greater than 19.25 mA to 18.75 mA, so that the second current sink I2 determines the current via the interface 11 to the outside.
  • the voltages U1 and U2 are measured to monitor the presence of the respective required current. Do the voltages U1 and U2 the reference values, so the switch S2 has opened and the second current sink I2 is OK.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
  • Tests Of Electronic Circuits (AREA)
EP09783147.3A 2008-10-15 2009-09-18 Feldgerät der prozessautomatisierung Active EP2335025B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008042851A DE102008042851A1 (de) 2008-10-15 2008-10-15 Feldgerät der Prozessautomatisierung
PCT/EP2009/062088 WO2010043468A1 (de) 2008-10-15 2009-09-18 Feldgerät der prozessautomatisierung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2335025A1 EP2335025A1 (de) 2011-06-22
EP2335025B1 true EP2335025B1 (de) 2013-11-20

Family

ID=41625126

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09783147.3A Active EP2335025B1 (de) 2008-10-15 2009-09-18 Feldgerät der prozessautomatisierung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US9230428B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP2335025B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102187180B (zh)
DE (1) DE102008042851A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2010043468A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010039271A1 (de) * 2010-08-12 2012-02-16 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Schaltung zum Regeln und Überwachen eines Signalstroms und Messumformer mit einer solchen Schaltung
WO2019228686A1 (en) * 2018-06-01 2019-12-05 T. E. Laboratories Ltd. Portable flow cell detector comprising a uv-led emitting at 235 nm

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5481200A (en) * 1993-09-15 1996-01-02 Rosemont Inc. Field transmitter built-in test equipment
DE4422867A1 (de) * 1994-06-30 1996-01-04 Itt Ind Gmbh Deutsche Sensor mit einer programmierbaren Schaltschwelle
US5740241A (en) * 1995-05-12 1998-04-14 Carrier Access Corporation T1 channel bank control process and apparatus
DE29917651U1 (de) * 1999-10-07 2000-11-09 Siemens AG, 80333 München Meßumformer sowie Prozeßleitsystem
US6384582B2 (en) * 2000-05-19 2002-05-07 Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag Controlled current sources of two-wire measuring instruments
DE50015561D1 (de) * 2000-05-19 2009-04-02 Flowtec Ag Gesteuerte Stromquellen von Zwei-Leiter-Messgeräten
US7262628B2 (en) * 2004-07-02 2007-08-28 Primarion, Inc. Digital calibration with lossless current sensing in a multiphase switched power converter
DE10361465A1 (de) * 2003-12-23 2005-08-11 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Prozessmessgerät mit erweiterter Hardwarefehlererkennung
DE102005001601B4 (de) 2005-01-12 2011-07-28 Endress + Hauser GmbH + Co. KG, 79689 Feldgerät mit Busschnittstelle
DE102005018398B4 (de) * 2005-04-20 2021-02-04 Endress + Hauser Wetzer Gmbh + Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Ausgabe eines elektrischen Ausgangssignals und Messgerät damit
DE102006024311A1 (de) * 2006-05-24 2007-11-29 Berthold Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Schaltung zur Übermittlung eines analogen Signalwertes
US8054071B2 (en) * 2008-03-06 2011-11-08 Allegro Microsystems, Inc. Two-terminal linear sensor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2335025A1 (de) 2011-06-22
WO2010043468A1 (de) 2010-04-22
US9230428B2 (en) 2016-01-05
US20110309813A1 (en) 2011-12-22
CN102187180B (zh) 2014-08-20
CN102187180A (zh) 2011-09-14
DE102008042851A1 (de) 2010-04-22

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