EP2331815B1 - Kältemittelbetriebenes ventil für ein geothermie-kraftwerk - Google Patents

Kältemittelbetriebenes ventil für ein geothermie-kraftwerk Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2331815B1
EP2331815B1 EP08821845.8A EP08821845A EP2331815B1 EP 2331815 B1 EP2331815 B1 EP 2331815B1 EP 08821845 A EP08821845 A EP 08821845A EP 2331815 B1 EP2331815 B1 EP 2331815B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
evaporator
valve
set forth
condenser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08821845.8A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2331815A1 (de
EP2331815A4 (de
Inventor
Peter S. Matteson
Michael D. Arner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Raytheon Technologies Corp
Original Assignee
United Technologies Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by United Technologies Corp filed Critical United Technologies Corp
Publication of EP2331815A1 publication Critical patent/EP2331815A1/de
Publication of EP2331815A4 publication Critical patent/EP2331815A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2331815B1 publication Critical patent/EP2331815B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates generally to geothermal power plants and, more particularly, to a method and apparatus for operating the turbine inlet and bypass valves thereof.
  • a closed loop vapor expansion system including an evaporator/boiler, a turbine, a condenser and a pump, are employed, with the heat from the geothermal source being applied to the evaporator/boiler to heat the working fluid prior to its flowing to the turbine for the purpose of generating electrical power.
  • a refrigerant is used as the working fluid, and the system is known as an Organic Rankine Cycle System.
  • One such system is shown and described in US Patent 7,174,716 , assigned to the predecessor of the assignee of the present disclosure.
  • a pneumatic power valve has been used for that purpose, with an outside pressurized gas source (normally either bottled nitrogen or compressed air) providing the power to operate the valves and with the gas then being vented to atmosphere.
  • an outside pressurized gas source normally either bottled nitrogen or compressed air
  • One such arrangement for operating a turbine inlet valve is shown and described in DE-1 110 178-A and EP-1 881 164-A .
  • a normally open valve is used as a bypass valve and a normally closed valve is used as a turbine inlet valve.
  • the valves are not operable to direct working fluid to the turbine unless sufficient pressure exists in the evaporator to operate the valves.
  • the low pressure sides of the valve actuators are vented to the condenser such that the refrigerant remains in the closed loop system rather than entering the atmosphere.
  • a geothermal power plant 11 which includes a turbine 12, a condenser 13, a pump 14 and an evaporator/boiler 16.
  • the power plant 11 is designed to operate with an organic refrigerant, such as R245fa or the like as the working fluid which circulates serially through the system with refrigerant vapor from the evaporator 16 passing to the turbine for the purpose of driving a generator 17 to generate electrical power.
  • the resulting lower energy vapor then passes to the condenser 13 with the resulting condensate then being pumped to the evaporator 16 by way of the pump 14.
  • the heat source 18 for the evaporator 16 may be of any suitable type such as a naturally occurring geothermal heat source, or a generated heat source such as the exhaust of a gas turbine engine.
  • a cooling source 19 such as a cooling tower or a chiller is provided for the purpose of providing cooling water to the condenser 13.
  • a turbine inlet valve 21 is provided in a primary flow path line 15 between the evaporator 16 and turbine inlet 22.
  • the turbine inlet valve 21 is a normally closed pneumatic valve with an actuator 23 that is shown in Fig. 2 and described more fully hereinafter.
  • the actuator 23 is made to operate only by way of a pressurized source, and this source, rather than being independent from the system as in the prior art, is the evaporator 16. That is, pressurized refrigerant vapor flows along line 24 to a pressure regulator 26 which is adapted to provide refrigerant vapor at a predetermined pressure, for example 5,51 bar (80 psi).
  • the pressure regulated flow of refrigerant vapor then flows along line 27 to a solenoid valve S 1 , which in turn, is controlled by a control C.
  • a solenoid valve S 1 is opened, the refrigerant vapor flows into the actuator 23 to open the normally closed pneumatic valve 21.
  • the pneumatic valve 29 Fluidly connected to the primary flow path line 15 is a bypass line 28, leading to a normally open pneumatic valve 29 and then to line 31 leading to the condenser 13.
  • the pneumatic valve 29 has a rack-and-pinion actuator 32 similar to the actuator 23 described hereinabove.
  • the actuator 32 is pressurized by refrigerant from the regulator 26 flowing along line 33 to the solenoid valve S 2 , which is controlled by the control C.
  • the pneumatic valve 29 is normally open unless it is closed by way of the actuator 32 when receiving pressurized gas from the regulator 26 when the solenoid valve S 2 is opened.
  • valves 21 and 29 are operated by way of their respective actuators.
  • the pressure at the regulator 26 is at a reduced pressure
  • the solenoid valves S 1 and S 2 are closed, and the actuators 23 and 32 are non-operable.
  • the normally closed pneumatic valve 21 is closed, and the normally open pneumatic valve 29 is open such that any vapor from the evaporator then flows along line 28, through the normally open pneumatic valve 29, through the line 31 to the condenser 13.
  • the pressure at the regulator 26 will be sufficient to operate the actuators 23 and 32, and the solenoid valves S 1 and S 2 are opened by the control C.
  • the actuator 32 will then be caused to operate to close the pneumatic valve 29, and the actuator 23 will be caused to operate to open the pneumatic valve 21 such that the vapor from the evaporator 16 then flows through the pneumatic valve 21 and to the turbine inlet 22.
  • the actuator 23 includes a pressurized section 34 and a vented section 36, with a sliding piston seal 37 therebetween.
  • a return spring 38 biases the sliding piston 37 toward the pressurized section 34.
  • the vented section 36 is fluidly connected by the line 39 to the condenser 13 so as to allow the rotation, while at the same time disposing of the refrigerant vapor by channeling it to the condenser 13 rather than to ambient.
  • the actuator 32 operates in substantially the same manner to close the normally open pneumatic valve 29.
  • a solenoid valve S 1 Shown in Figs. 3A and 3B is a solenoid valve S 1 with the slide 41 being in a non-energized and in an energized position, respectively. That is, in Fig. 3A , the slider 41 is in a position at the left as shown such that the pressurized section of the actuator 44 is vented along line 42 to the condenser 13, while the pressurized source is isolated.
  • the solenoid valve S 1 is energized by moving the slider 41 to the right as shown in Fig. 3B , the pressure source is fluidly connected to the pressure section of the actuator, while the vent is isolated.
  • the solenoid valve S 2 operates in substantially the same manner.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Turbines (AREA)
  • Fluid-Driven Valves (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Dampfexpansionssystem (11) des Typs, der eine Turbine (12), einen Kondensator (13), eine Pumpe (14) und einen Verdampfer (16) in einem Reihenströmungsverhältnis aufweist, umfassend:
    ein pneumatisch betätigtes Ventil (21) mit einem Stellglied (23), das in eine Position zur Fluidverbindung des Verdampfers mit einem Turbineneinlass durch das Ventil beweglich ist; gekennzeichnet durch
    eine Leitung (24), die eine Fluidverbindung des Verdampfers zu dem Stellglied herstellt, derart, dass unter Druck gesetztes Kältemittel von dem Verdampfer selektiv veranlasst wird, das Stellglied zum Öffnen des pneumatisch betätigten Ventils zu bewegen.
  2. Dampfexpansionssystem nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Stellglied einen entlüfteten Abschnitt (36) und der entlüftete Abschnitt in Fluidverbindung mit dem Kondensator steht.
  3. Dampfexpansionssystem nach Anspruch 1 und aufweisend einen Druckregler (26) zwischen dem Verdampfer und dem Stellglied, um unter Druck gesetztes Kältemittel mit einem vorgegebenen Druckpegel an das Stellglied bereitzustellen.
  4. Dampfexpansionssystem nach Anspruch 1 und aufweisend ein Solenoidventil (51), das zwischen dem Verdampfer und dem Stellglied in Fluidverbindung steht.
  5. Dampfexpansionssystem nach Anspruch 4, wobei das Solenoidventil ein Dreiwegeventil mit einem Entlüftungsanschluss ist, der in Fluidverbindung mit dem Kondensator (13) steht.
  6. Dampfexpansionssystem nach Anspruch 1 und aufweisend eine Umgehungsleitung (28) zum Leiten des Stroms von Kältemitteldampf um die Turbine und zu dem Kondensator, wobei die Umgehungsleitung ein darin angeordnetes pneumatisches Ventil (29) aufweist.
  7. Dampfexpansionssystem nach Anspruch 6, wobei das pneumatische Ventil ein normalerweise geöffnetes Ventil mit einem Stellglied (32) ist, das in Fluidverbindung mit dem Verdampfer steht.
  8. Verfahren zum Steuern eines Dampfexpansionssystems (11) des Typs, der eine Turbine (12), einen Kondensator (13), eine Pumpe (14) und einen Verdampfer (16) in einem Reihenströmungsverhältnis aufweist, folgende Schritte umfassend:
    Bereitstellen eines pneumatisch betätigten Ventils (21) mit einem Stellglied (23), das in eine Position zur Fluidverbindung des Verdampfers mit einem Turbineneinlass durch das Ventil beweglich ist; gekennzeichnet durch folgenden Schritt:
    Herstellen einer Fluidverbindung des Verdampfers zu dem Stellglied, derart, dass unter Druck gesetztes Kältemittel von dem Verdampfer selektiv veranlasst wird, das Stellglied zum Öffnen des pneumatisch betätigten Ventils zu bewegen.
  9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder Dampfexpansionssystem nach Anspruch 1, wobei das pneumatisch betätigte Ventil ein normalerweise geschlossenes Ventil ist.
  10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, wobei das Stellglied einen entlüfteten Abschnitt (36) aufweist und den Schritt des Verbindens des entlüfteten Abschnitts mit dem Kondensator aufweist.
  11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 und aufweisend die Schritte des Bereitstellens eines Druckreglers (26) zwischen dem Verdampfer und dem Stellglied und des Bereitstellens von unter Druck gesetztem Kältemittel bei einem vorgegebenen Druckpegel an das Stellglied.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 und aufweisend den Schritt des Herstellens einer Fluidverbindung eines Solenoidventils (51) zwischen dem Verdampfer und dem Stellglied, wobei das Solenoidventil wahlweise ein Dreiwegeventil mit einem Entlüftungsanschluss ist, und wahlweise aufweisend den Schritt des Herstellens einer Fluidverbindung der Entlüftung zu dem Kondensator.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder Dampfverdichtungssystem nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Stellglied (23) eine Feder zum Vorspannen eines Gleitkolbens in einer Position aufweist.
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder Dampfexpansionssystem nach Anspruch 1, wobei das Stellglied (23) vom Zahnstangentyp ist.
  15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 und aufweisend den Schritt des Bereitstellens einer Umgehungsleitung (28) zum Leiten des Stroms von Kältemitteldampf um die Turbine und an den Kondensator über ein pneumatisches Ventil, wobei das pneumatische Ventil wahlweise ein normalerweise geöffnetes Ventil ist, und wahlweise aufweisend den Schritt des Herstellens einer Fluidverbindung des Stellglieds zu dem Verdampfer.
EP08821845.8A 2008-09-10 2008-09-10 Kältemittelbetriebenes ventil für ein geothermie-kraftwerk Not-in-force EP2331815B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2008/075819 WO2010030271A1 (en) 2008-09-10 2008-09-10 Refrigerant powered valve for a geothermal power plant

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2331815A1 EP2331815A1 (de) 2011-06-15
EP2331815A4 EP2331815A4 (de) 2014-04-09
EP2331815B1 true EP2331815B1 (de) 2015-06-03

Family

ID=42005362

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08821845.8A Not-in-force EP2331815B1 (de) 2008-09-10 2008-09-10 Kältemittelbetriebenes ventil für ein geothermie-kraftwerk

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20110162398A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2331815B1 (de)
CN (1) CN102165191B (de)
AU (1) AU2008361681B2 (de)
BR (1) BRPI0823063A2 (de)
IL (1) IL211669A (de)
WO (1) WO2010030271A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120279213A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2012-11-08 Spx Corporation Cooling tower apparatus and method with waste heat utilization
WO2014164826A1 (en) * 2013-03-12 2014-10-09 Echogen Power Systems, L.L.C. Management of working fluid during heat engine system shutdown
GB2536333A (en) * 2015-02-03 2016-09-14 Fluid Energy Solutions Int Ltd Sealing unit and fluid engine

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1110178B (de) * 1953-09-03 1961-07-06 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Hydraulische oder pneumatische Steuer-einrichtung fuer eine Entnahmedampfturbine
JPH0633766B2 (ja) * 1984-01-13 1994-05-02 株式会社東芝 動力装置
US4800737A (en) * 1987-04-17 1989-01-31 Ford Motor Company Automotive air conditioning system accumulator with refrigerant processing cartridge including evaporator pressure regulator
US4749001A (en) * 1987-10-19 1988-06-07 American Standard Inc. Normally closed pneumatic air valve
US4749000A (en) * 1987-10-19 1988-06-07 American Standard Inc. Normally open pneumatic air valve
JPH02166367A (ja) * 1988-12-19 1990-06-27 Fuji Koki Seisakusho:Kk 温度膨張弁
US5038567A (en) * 1989-06-12 1991-08-13 Ormat Turbines, Ltd. Method of and means for using a two-phase fluid for generating power in a rankine cycle power plant
JP2878126B2 (ja) * 1994-08-18 1999-04-05 日本重化学工業株式会社 多段地熱発電方法
JP2001317445A (ja) * 2000-05-10 2001-11-16 Ormat Ind Ltd 地熱発電プラント
US6981377B2 (en) * 2002-02-25 2006-01-03 Outfitter Energy Inc System and method for generation of electricity and power from waste heat and solar sources
US7174716B2 (en) * 2002-11-13 2007-02-13 Utc Power Llc Organic rankine cycle waste heat applications
US6751959B1 (en) * 2002-12-09 2004-06-22 Tennessee Valley Authority Simple and compact low-temperature power cycle
DE202004013138U1 (de) * 2004-08-23 2005-04-14 J. Wagner Ag Luftverteiler für eine mit Druckluft betriebene Pulverfördereinheit einer Pulverbeschichtungsvorrichtung
US20060112693A1 (en) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-01 Sundel Timothy N Method and apparatus for power generation using waste heat
EP1881164B1 (de) * 2006-07-21 2016-09-14 Ansaldo Energia S.P.A. Vorrichtung für das Regulieren von Absperrventilen einer Dampfturbinenanlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2331815A1 (de) 2011-06-15
BRPI0823063A2 (pt) 2015-06-16
EP2331815A4 (de) 2014-04-09
AU2008361681B2 (en) 2012-08-02
IL211669A (en) 2015-05-31
AU2008361681A1 (en) 2010-03-18
US20110162398A1 (en) 2011-07-07
WO2010030271A1 (en) 2010-03-18
CN102165191A (zh) 2011-08-24
CN102165191B (zh) 2013-10-30
IL211669A0 (en) 2011-06-30

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