EP2330288A1 - Soupape d'injection de combustible - Google Patents

Soupape d'injection de combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2330288A1
EP2330288A1 EP10185899A EP10185899A EP2330288A1 EP 2330288 A1 EP2330288 A1 EP 2330288A1 EP 10185899 A EP10185899 A EP 10185899A EP 10185899 A EP10185899 A EP 10185899A EP 2330288 A1 EP2330288 A1 EP 2330288A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
housing
fuel injection
injection valve
length
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10185899A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Achim Brenk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2330288A1 publication Critical patent/EP2330288A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/0603—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using piezoelectric or magnetostrictive operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/166—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/167—Means for compensating clearance or thermal expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/70—Linkage between actuator and actuated element, e.g. between piezoelectric actuator and needle valve or pump plunger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
    • F02M2200/9053—Metals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines. Specifically, the invention relates to an injector for fuel injection systems of air-compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engines or mixture-compression, spark-ignited internal combustion engines.
  • the known injector has a piezoelectric actuator arranged in an injector body, which is held in abutment via spring means on the one hand with the injector and on the other hand with a sleeve-like booster piston. Furthermore, a nozzle body connected to the injector body is provided, which has at least one nozzle outlet opening. In the nozzle body, a nozzle needle is guided axially displaceable.
  • the fuel injection valve according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that temperature-induced changes in length are at least partially compensated. Specifically, the requirements for a hydraulically realized, for example, temperature compensation are reduced, whereby the chain of effects of the actuator for actuating a valve closing body is optimized.
  • the alloy from which the housing part is formed at least substantially based on iron, nickel and cobalt. Specifically, it is advantageous in this case that the alloy from which the housing part is formed has at least approximately 54% by mass of iron, at least approximately 29% by mass of nickel and at least approximately 17% by mass of cobalt. Thus, especially the alloy Fe54Ni29Co17 can be used. Here, there is the advantage that a temperature compensation is possible over a very wide temperature range.
  • the coefficient of thermal expansion represents an individual material property.
  • the coefficient of thermal expansion is generally not constant over a wide temperature range.
  • the temperature-related expansion increases disproportionately with increasing temperature, since the coefficient of thermal expansion also increases.
  • Temperature compensation can therefore usually be carried out effectively only in a narrow temperature range. Outside this temperature range, the compensation of the change in length due to the different increases in the coefficients of thermal expansion is only insufficiently possible.
  • materials made of Invar or having the Invar effect can minimize the thermal expansion, as these materials experience only minimal strain as a function of temperature, but even with these materials, the change in length can only be in a limited temperature range be compensated. Outside this temperature range, however, there are length changes.
  • the housing part made of the alloy with iron, nickel and cobalt, in particular Fe54Ni29Co17 temperature compensation can be achieved over a very wide temperature range. It can be achieved here that the temperature expansion coefficient decreases with increasing temperature and thus behaves contrary to the usual property of materials. Due to the nickel and cobalt content, the decrease in the coefficient of thermal expansion can be achieved with increasing temperature.
  • a design for the respective application is possible. For example, from slightly below room temperature to a temperature of 400 ° C. Thus, in the field of operating temperatures occurring in fuel injection valves, an advantageous compensation of temperature-induced changes in length can take place.
  • the housing part formed from the alloy in addition to the compensation of the change in length with temperature change Also, the dependence of the coefficient of thermal expansion of the temperature can be compensated.
  • a fuel injection valve with a piezoelectric actuator can be provided in which a uniform temperature expansion over a wide temperature range is achieved. As a result, an advantageous switching behavior is made possible.
  • a further housing part of the housing is provided, which is formed at least substantially of steel and which is connected to the housing part of the alloy. Furthermore, it is advantageous that a transitional foot is provided, that the transitional foot between the actuator and the housing is arranged and that the actuator is supported on the transitional foot on the housing. This allows an advantageous adaptation to the length of the preferably piezoelectric actuator. Specifically, the housing part made of the alloy along a longitudinal direction of the actuator may be designed to be longer or shorter than this.
  • a transition head which is based on aluminum, that the transition head between the actuator and a valve closing body is arranged and that the actuator acts on the transition head on the valve closing body.
  • both a transition foot and a transition head made of aluminum can be provided.
  • the expansion of the aluminum acts as a change in length in the section of the moving components.
  • the housing of the alloy and optionally the steel are to be regarded as immobile components. A change in length between the moving and the stationary components can be largely compensated by a design of the components.
  • At least one length of the housing part along a longitudinal axis of the actuator is predetermined so that a temperature-induced change in length between the housing and an actuatable by the actuator element is at least substantially compensated.
  • the temperature-induced change in length between the housing and the actuatable by the actuator element in a range of about -40 ° C to about 180 ° C are at least substantially compensated.
  • such a temperature-induced change in length can be reduced by the compensation to approximately + -1 ⁇ m.
  • a valve seat surface configured on a nozzle body can interact with the valve closing body to form a sealing seat, wherein the preferably piezoelectric actuator directly actuates the valve closing body.
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a fuel injection valve 1 in a schematic, axial sectional view.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 can serve in particular as an injector for fuel injection systems of air-compressing, self-igniting internal combustion engines or mixture-mixing, spark-ignited internal combustion engines.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 is suitable for commercial vehicles or passenger cars.
  • a preferred use of the fuel injection valve 1 is for a fuel injection system with a common rail, the diesel fuel under high pressure leads to a plurality of fuel injection valves 1.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 according to the invention is also suitable for other applications.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 has a multi-part housing 2 and a piezoelectric actuator 3 arranged in the housing 2.
  • the housing 2 has a housing part 4, a further housing part 5, a housing cover 6 and a guide part 7.
  • a nozzle body 8 is provided, which is connected in a suitable manner, for example by means of a nozzle lock nut, with the housing 2.
  • an actuator chamber 9 is formed, in which the piezoelectric actuator 3 is arranged.
  • a transition foot 10 is disposed within the actuator chamber 9, which is added in this embodiment to the actuator 3 and configured as an actuator base 10.
  • a transitional head 11 is provided, which is added in this embodiment to the actuator 3 and configured as an actuator head 11. The actuator head 11 is guided in this case in the guide part 7.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 3 can be charged and discharged to operate the fuel injection valve 1.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 3 expands along a longitudinal axis 15 during loading and accordingly it contracts again during unloading. This results in a stroke of the actuator head 11, which transmits to a nozzle needle 16.
  • a suitable operative connection exists between the actuator head 11 and the nozzle needle 16, which is illustrated by the double arrow 17.
  • the nozzle needle 16 has in this embodiment, a valve closure member 18 which cooperates with a formed on the nozzle body 8 valve seat surface 19 to a sealing seat. According to the actuation of the piezoelectric actuator 3, an opening and closing of the sealing seat formed between the valve closing body 18 and the valve seat surface 19 takes place in order to inject fuel from a fuel chamber 20 via one or more nozzle openings 21.
  • the housing cover 6, the housing part 4, the further housing part 5 and the guide part 7 constitute stationary components 4, 5, 6, 7 of the fuel injection valve 1 during operation.
  • the components 10, 3, 11 are parallel to the components 4, 5, 7 , namely, the actuator base 10, the piezoelectric actuator 3 and the actuator head 11, arranged.
  • the components 3, 11 represent components of the moving chain for actuating the valve closing body 18.
  • the actuator head 11 can be adjusted relative to the guide member 7 in an initial state of the piezoelectric actuator 3.
  • an end face 2 of the actuator head 11 is shown as a reference point relative to a side 23 of the guide part 7.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 can be configured, for example, such that the end face 22 of the actuator head 11 with respect to the longitudinal axis 15 Page 23 concludes.
  • FIG. 12 is a graph illustrating the change in length ⁇ L as a function of the temperature of the fuel injection valve 1 in a conventional embodiment.
  • the shows Fig. 3 a diagram in which the change in length ⁇ L as a function of the temperature in a possible embodiment of the fuel injection valve 1 is shown according to the invention.
  • the housing 2 and thus in particular the housing part 4 and the further housing part 5 are made of steel, then it can for example in the Fig. 2 shown course of the change in length ⁇ L come.
  • the housing 2 is designed such that at a temperature of 0 ° C, there is no difference in length between the end face 22 and the side 23, so that the change in length ⁇ L is equal to zero.
  • the actuator base 10 may be configured, for example, of aluminum.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 3 consists of piezoceramic layers and electrode layers arranged therebetween.
  • the actuator head 11 may be made of steel. Due to the different coefficients of thermal expansion, starting from a temperature of 0 ° C., when the temperature is lowered, negative changes in length ⁇ L occur.
  • Fig. 3 shows a diagram in which the materials of the fuel injection valve include, inter alia, an alloy having iron, nickel and cobalt.
  • the housing part 4 is formed from an alloy which is at least approximately 54 % By mass of iron, at least approximately 29% by weight of nickel and at least approximately 17% by weight of cobalt.
  • the alloy Fe54Ni29Co17 can be selected.
  • the further housing part 5 may be formed of a stainless steel.
  • the guide member 7 may also be formed of stainless steel.
  • the actuator base 10 may be formed of aluminum, while the actuator head 11 is formed of stainless steel.
  • the piezoelectric actuator 3 again consists of piezoceramic layers and electrode layers arranged therebetween.
  • the design of the housing part 4 of Fe54Ni29Co17 results in an advantageous course of the thermal expansion coefficient.
  • the coefficient of thermal expansion continues to decrease with increasing temperature. This effect exists at least for a certain temperature range.
  • this temperature range extends from just below room temperature to a temperature of about 400 ° C. Specifically, this can cover a temperature range of about -40 ° C to about 180 ° C.
  • Fe54Ni29Co17 as an alloy for the housing part 4 not only the change in length with temperature change can be compensated, but also the dependence of the temperature expansion coefficient of the temperature can be compensated.
  • a uniform temperature expansion on the one hand, the stationary components and on the other hand, the components of the moving chain can be achieved.
  • the change in length ⁇ L varies only slightly over the range of -40 ° C to 180 ° C.
  • the fuel injection valve 1 may be designed so that at the temperature of 0 ° C, the change in length ⁇ L disappears. At temperatures lower than 0 ° C, positive changes in length ⁇ L occur. However, these are small, in particular smaller than 1 micron. At temperatures greater than 0 ° C first negative length changes ⁇ L occur, the magnitude of which are also significantly smaller than 1 micron. At about 140 ° C, the change in length ⁇ L disappears again and at temperatures greater than 140 ° C again positive length changes ⁇ L occur. Over the entire range of -40 ° C to +180 ° C, however, the amount of change in length ⁇ L remains smaller than 1 ⁇ m, in particular significantly smaller than 1 ⁇ m.
  • the Indian Fig. 3 can be achieved, inter alia, by a suitable choice of a length 25 of the housing part 4 made of the alloy, which is given by Fe54Ni29Co17 in this embodiment, along the longitudinal axis 15 of the piezoelectric actuator 3 illustrated favorable temperature profile of the change in length.
  • temperature-induced changes in length ⁇ L between the housing 2 and the actuator head 11 that can be actuated by the piezoelectric actuator 3 are at least substantially compensated.
  • a direct needle control of the nozzle needle 16 can be realized by the piezoelectric actuator 3.
  • the actuator head 11 can act directly on the nozzle needle 16.
  • the sealing seat between the valve closing body 18 and the valve seat surface 19 can be closed.
  • discharging the piezoelectric actuator 3 then injecting fuel is possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
EP10185899A 2009-11-23 2010-10-01 Soupape d'injection de combustible Withdrawn EP2330288A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200910046989 DE102009046989A1 (de) 2009-11-23 2009-11-23 Brennstoffeinspritzventil

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2330288A1 true EP2330288A1 (fr) 2011-06-08

Family

ID=43746803

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10185899A Withdrawn EP2330288A1 (fr) 2009-11-23 2010-10-01 Soupape d'injection de combustible

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2330288A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102009046989A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017063860A1 (fr) * 2015-10-14 2017-04-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de dosage

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004034481A1 (fr) * 2002-10-07 2004-04-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Actionneur piezo-electrique d'un dispositif d'injection
DE10336327A1 (de) 2003-08-07 2005-03-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injektor für Kraftstoff-Einspritzsysteme von Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere von direkteinspritzenden Dieselmotoren
EP1619383A2 (fr) * 2004-07-23 2006-01-25 Magneti Marelli Holding S.p.A. Injecteur de carburant actionné par un electro aimant
EP1760306A1 (fr) * 2005-09-06 2007-03-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Corps de boîte
EP1811583A1 (fr) * 2006-01-23 2007-07-25 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Actionneur piézoélectrique
DE102008008111A1 (de) * 2008-02-08 2009-08-13 Continental Automotive Gmbh Einspritzventil, Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines Einspritzventils

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004034481A1 (fr) * 2002-10-07 2004-04-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Actionneur piezo-electrique d'un dispositif d'injection
DE10336327A1 (de) 2003-08-07 2005-03-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Injektor für Kraftstoff-Einspritzsysteme von Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere von direkteinspritzenden Dieselmotoren
EP1619383A2 (fr) * 2004-07-23 2006-01-25 Magneti Marelli Holding S.p.A. Injecteur de carburant actionné par un electro aimant
EP1760306A1 (fr) * 2005-09-06 2007-03-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Corps de boîte
EP1811583A1 (fr) * 2006-01-23 2007-07-25 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Actionneur piézoélectrique
DE102008008111A1 (de) * 2008-02-08 2009-08-13 Continental Automotive Gmbh Einspritzventil, Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines Einspritzventils

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017063860A1 (fr) * 2015-10-14 2017-04-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif de dosage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102009046989A1 (de) 2011-05-26

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