EP2329203A2 - Systeme frigorifique presentant un circuit adaptatif de rechauffage de gaz chaud - Google Patents

Systeme frigorifique presentant un circuit adaptatif de rechauffage de gaz chaud

Info

Publication number
EP2329203A2
EP2329203A2 EP09818194A EP09818194A EP2329203A2 EP 2329203 A2 EP2329203 A2 EP 2329203A2 EP 09818194 A EP09818194 A EP 09818194A EP 09818194 A EP09818194 A EP 09818194A EP 2329203 A2 EP2329203 A2 EP 2329203A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reheat
refrigerant
heat exchanger
valve
set forth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09818194A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael F. Taras
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corp filed Critical Carrier Corp
Publication of EP2329203A2 publication Critical patent/EP2329203A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F3/153—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification with subsequent heating, i.e. with the air, given the required humidity in the central station, passing a heating element to achieve the required temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0419—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the superheater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2501—Bypass valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2509—Economiser valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2104—Temperatures of an indoor room or compartment

Definitions

  • Refrigerant systems are known and utilized to condition a secondary fluid, such as air, to be delivered into a climate-controlled environment.
  • a compressor compresses a refrigerant and delivers that refrigerant to an outdoor heat exchanger, known as a condenser for subcritical applications and as a gas cooler for transcritical applications.
  • an outdoor heat exchanger known as a condenser for subcritical applications and as a gas cooler for transcritical applications.
  • the refrigerant passes through an expansion device, and then to an indoor heat exchanger, known as an evaporator.
  • An optional refrigerant system feature is a reheat circuit.
  • a refrigerant is passed through a heat exchanger located downstream in the path of air having passed over an evaporator.
  • a control for the refrigerant system may then control the evaporator operation such that it will initially cool the air below a temperature that is desired by an occupant of the environment to be conditioned. This allows the removal of extra moisture from the air.
  • the air then passes downstream over the reheat heat exchanger, and is warmed back to the desired temperature.
  • the refrigerant system incorporating a reheat circuit provides the ability to remove additional moisture from the air stream, when dehumidification is desired and no or little cooling is required.
  • One known reheat option is a "hot gas" reheat system.
  • a hot gas reheat system the refrigerant passed through the reheat heat exchanger is tapped from a location intermediate the compressor and the condenser or a gas cooler (the outdoor heat exchanger will be referred to as a condenser throughout the text).
  • the refrigerant system may be called on to provide dehumidification without any cooling being provided for the air.
  • Air conditioning systems are generally designed to provide cooling, or sensible capacity, as the primary function. They are not typically designed to provide latent capacity, and dehumidification is typically a by-product of the cooling process. Thus, when a system is called upon to provide only dehumidification, there are some challenges present for a refrigerant system designer.
  • Refrigerant systems having hot gas reheat circuits have been somewhat inflexible in providing strictly latent capacity, or dehumidification into an air stream supplied into a conditioned environment.
  • the refrigerant systems have easily provided neutral air temperature only at a single design point, while providing sensible (cooling or heating) at all other off-design conditions.
  • these refrigerant systems have been somewhat lacking design flexibility in satisfying comfort requirements in a climate-controlled environment and causing discomfort to an occupant of a conditioned space. Therefore, there is a need for adaptive reheat systems, and hot gas reheat systems in particular, which would meet both temperature and humidity demands at a variety of environmental conditions and internal/external thermal loads.
  • a refrigerant system has a compressor for compressing and delivering refrigerant to a condenser. Refrigerant from the condenser passes through an expansion device, and then to an evaporator.
  • a reheat circuit includes a reheat valve for selectively tapping at least a potion of refrigerant from a location downstream of the compressor and upstream of the condenser. The reheat refrigerant passes through a reheat heat exchanger positioned to be in a path of air having passed over the evaporator, and to be delivered into an indoor environment to be conditioned. At least one refrigerant flow control device such as valve is included to control the amount of refrigerant passing through the reheat heat exchanger.
  • a control for the refrigerant system is operable to receive inputs regarding conditions of the indoor environment, and to control the at least one valve to achieve a desired amount of dehumidification in the indoor environment.
  • Figure 1 shows a first circuit schematic.
  • Figure 2 shows a second circuit schematic.
  • Figure 3 shows a third circuit schematic.
  • Figure 4 shows a fourth circuit schematic. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
  • FIG. 1 shows a typical refrigerant system 20 having a compressor 22 delivering a compressed refrigerant to an outdoor heat exchanger, or a condenser, 24.
  • Refrigerant from the condenser 24 passes through an expansion device 28, and through an indoor heat exchanger, or evaporator, 26.
  • Refrigerant from the evaporator 26 returns to the compressor 22.
  • a hot gas reheat circuit is incorporated into the refrigerant system 20, and includes a refrigerant flow control device such as three-way valve 30 for selectively diverting refrigerant through a reheat heat exchanger 32. It has to be noted that the three-way valve may be replaced by a pair of conventional valves.
  • a fan 34 pulls air over the evaporator 26, and then over the reheat heat exchanger 32, into an indoor environment to be conditioned X.
  • An occupant of the indoor environment X may request temperature adjustment or/and dehumidification by a control such as thermostat T and humidistat H.
  • the three-way valve 30 is operable to either send the entire refrigerant flow through the reheat heat exchanger 32, or bypass it. It is typically not able to modulate or vary the amount of refrigerant through the reheat circuit. Thus, such refrigerant systems have to run in a "digital" mode to satisfy thermal load demands in the conditioned space X and are inflexible in operation and control, as mentioned above.
  • a refrigerant bypass line 38 and an associated refrigerant flow control device such as valve 40 selectively bypass at least some amount of refrigerant around the reheat circuit, in the reheat mode of operation.
  • a control 100 for the refrigerant system can achieve precise dehumidification, or latent conditioning, of air delivered to the indoor environment X, with or without any appreciable temperature change, by controlling the exact amount of refrigerant which passes through the reheat heat exchanger 32, in relation to the amount of refrigerant passing through the evaporator 26.
  • a worker of ordinary skill in the art would recognize how the controlled amount of refrigerant that passes through the reheat heat exchanger 32 would achieve this desired air conditioning (temperature and humidity).
  • the air would be overcooled in the evaporator 26 to remove the desired amount of moisture from the air stream and obtain the required humidity level, and then would be heated back toward the target temperature by the refrigerant flowing through the reheat heat exchanger 32.
  • the valve 40 could be, for example, a simple on/off solenoid valve controlled by one of pulse width modulation techniques or a regulating valve with an adjustable opening controlled by a stepper motor.
  • a control 100 that operates the valves 30 and 40 may be a general control for the refrigerant system 20.
  • Control 100 takes in signals from thermostat T and humidistat H (or any equivalent devices) and controls the refrigerant system 20, at least in part based on these inputs.
  • thermostat T and humidistat H or any equivalent devices
  • a worker ordinarily skilled in the art will be able to provide an appropriate design and control sequence based upon the disclosure of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment, wherein the refrigerant bypass line 52 includes a valve 54, and selectively bypasses just the reheat heat exchanger 32, rather than the entire reheat circuit.
  • the valve 54 may be an on/off valve or an adjustable regulating valve.
  • the amount of refrigerant passing through the reheat heat exchanger 32 would be varied to achieve precise control of the refrigerant system 50 to satisfy temperature and humidity requirements in the conditioned environment X.
  • Figure 3 shows a refrigerant system 60 wherein the three-way valve 30 is actually a regulating valve.
  • the conventional three-way valve of Figures 1 and 2 is combined with the valve 40 or 54 respectively.
  • the amount of refrigerant diverted by the valve 30 into the reheat heat exchanger 32 can be precisely controlled by one of modulation or pulsation techniques (depending on the valve type). Again, the control of the amount of refrigerant passing through the reheat exchanger 32 will in turn result in precise control of the temperature and humidity in the indoor environment X.
  • Figure 4 shows a refrigerant system 70, wherein a regulating (through pulsation or modulation) valve 72 is incorporated into the reheat circuit, for instance, on a refrigerant line downstream of the three-way valve 30 and leading to the reheat heat exchanger 32. Other locations with the reheat circuit are also feasible.
  • the reheat circuit bypass line 38 and another regulating valve 40 positioned on the bypass line 38 are also included. This embodiment would allow even higher degree of operational flexibility for the refrigerant system 70 and precise control over temperature and humidity in the conditioned environment X.
  • various combinations of the Figure 1-4 embodiments are also feasible and within the scope of the invention.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système frigorifique intégrant un circuit de réchauffage de gaz chaud. Le circuit de réchauffage de gaz chaud comprend une vanne de réchauffage destinée à prélever sélectivement, au moyen d'un échangeur de chaleur de réchauffage, au moins une partie du fluide frigorifique depuis un emplacement situé en aval d'un compresseur et en amont d'un condenseur. Au moins un dispositif de commande de flux de fluide frigorifique commande la quantité de fluide frigorifique qui traverse l'échangeur de chaleur de réchauffage. Un système de commande destiné au système frigorifique peut servir à recevoir des entrées provenant d'un environnement intérieur, et à commander la quantité de fluide frigorifique traversant l'échangeur de chaleur de réchauffage afin d'obtenir une température et un taux d'humidité voulus dans ledit environnement climatisé.
EP09818194A 2008-10-02 2009-09-02 Systeme frigorifique presentant un circuit adaptatif de rechauffage de gaz chaud Withdrawn EP2329203A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10202108P 2008-10-02 2008-10-02
PCT/US2009/055707 WO2010039386A2 (fr) 2008-10-02 2009-09-02 Système frigorifique présentant un circuit adaptatif de réchauffage de gaz chaud

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2329203A2 true EP2329203A2 (fr) 2011-06-08

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09818194A Withdrawn EP2329203A2 (fr) 2008-10-02 2009-09-02 Systeme frigorifique presentant un circuit adaptatif de rechauffage de gaz chaud

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20110154837A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2329203A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010039386A2 (fr)

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US9322581B2 (en) 2011-02-11 2016-04-26 Johnson Controls Technology Company HVAC unit with hot gas reheat
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US10066860B2 (en) 2015-03-19 2018-09-04 Nortek Global Hvac Llc Air conditioning system having actively controlled and stabilized hot gas reheat circuit
US11629866B2 (en) 2019-01-02 2023-04-18 Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP Systems and methods for delayed fluid recovery
US11221151B2 (en) 2019-01-15 2022-01-11 Johnson Controls Technology Company Hot gas reheat systems and methods
US11421923B2 (en) 2019-05-22 2022-08-23 Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP Systems and methods for reheat control of an HVAC system

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20110154837A1 (en) 2011-06-30
WO2010039386A3 (fr) 2010-06-03
WO2010039386A2 (fr) 2010-04-08

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