EP2326842A1 - Verfahren zur früherkennung von ventilschäden in oszillierenden verdrängerpumpen und oszillierende verdrängerpumpen mit integrierter sensorik zur verwendung in diesen verfahren - Google Patents
Verfahren zur früherkennung von ventilschäden in oszillierenden verdrängerpumpen und oszillierende verdrängerpumpen mit integrierter sensorik zur verwendung in diesen verfahrenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2326842A1 EP2326842A1 EP09743879A EP09743879A EP2326842A1 EP 2326842 A1 EP2326842 A1 EP 2326842A1 EP 09743879 A EP09743879 A EP 09743879A EP 09743879 A EP09743879 A EP 09743879A EP 2326842 A1 EP2326842 A1 EP 2326842A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- cylinder
- valve
- pump
- damage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
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- 238000007435 diagnostic evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B51/00—Testing machines, pumps, or pumping installations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B2201/00—Pump parameters
- F04B2201/06—Valve parameters
- F04B2201/0603—Valve wear
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B2201/00—Pump parameters
- F04B2201/06—Valve parameters
- F04B2201/0604—Valve noise
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B2201/00—Pump parameters
- F04B2201/08—Cylinder or housing parameters
- F04B2201/0802—Vibration
Definitions
- the present invention relates to novel methods for the early detection of valve damage in oscillating positive displacement pumps.
- the present invention relates to new oscillating displacement pumps with integrated sensors for non-invasive pressure measurement and non-invasive measurement of structure-borne noise.
- the present invention relates to the novel use of the new reciprocating positive displacement pumps for the new methods of early detection of valve damage.
- Oscillating positive displacement pumps transfer energy to liquids through a (oscillating) displacer reciprocating in the pump working space.
- the oscillating movement of the displacer causes a periodic increase and decrease in the working space, the demarcation compared to pressure and suction line by valves, especially automatic valves, takes place.
- An essential feature of oscillating positive displacement pumps is the principle-related separation of the pressure and suction lines by at least one closed valve. In contrast to rotating positive displacement pumps and centrifugal pumps, virtually no leakage flows occur as long as the valves are tight.
- the performance-related delimitation of the pump working space is almost exclusively carried out by automatic valves.
- careful design of all components such as the geometry of the closing body and seat, feathering, materials, etc., is indispensable.
- Typical problems due to faulty valves are overpressure peaks when opening the pressure valves, negative pressure peaks when opening the suction valves, high noise emission and above all faster wear.
- the valve design and valve damage therefore have a major impact on the reliability and efficiency of the pumps.
- the pressure curve and structure-borne noise can be used to detect valve damage.
- Correlation coefficient is dimensionless and can take values between -1 and +1.
- the object of the invention was to provide new oscillating displacement pumps which are particularly suitable for use in the new methods.
- the new method for early detection of valve damage in an oscillating positive displacement pump with three or more cylinders each comprising a driven displacer, a cylinder housing, a working space, a suction valve, a pressure valve and a cylinder head, found by signal-based evaluation of measured pressure and structure-borne sound signals, which comprises the following method steps:
- the new method of early detection of multiple valve failures in a reciprocating positive displacement pump having three or more cylinders with a common pumphead, the cylinders each comprising a driven displacer, a cylinder housing, a working space, a suction valve and a pressure valve, has been measured by signal-based evaluation of measured pressure. and structure-borne sound signals found, comprising the following steps:
- the new oscillating displacement pump with three or more cylinders each comprising a driven displacer, a cylinder housing, a working space, a suction valve, a pressure valve and a cylinder head, found in which at each cylinder on a wall to the working space, a strain gauge DMS not Invasive pressure measurement and a sensor for non-invasive measurement of structure-borne noise with the necessary electrical connection points for power supply lines and signal derivatives are integrated.
- oscillating positive displacement pumps and in particular the positive displacement pumps according to the invention could be excellently monitored by the methods according to the invention also remotely, for example via the Internet or via computer leased lines. Therefore, a large number of oscillating positive displacement pumps could be centrally monitored at different locations, which is a further particular advantage of the invention.
- the sensors no longer had to be calibrated, since the methods according to the invention were based on normalized signal changes.
- the sensors could be mounted on the oscillating positive displacement pumps within certain limits where the mounting involved the least expenditure. This also facilitated the production of the positive displacement pump according to the invention, which was technically and economically advantageous.
- the methods according to the invention are used for the early detection of valve damage in oscillating positive displacement pumps.
- the oscillating displacement pumps have three or more, preferably three to five and in particular three cylinders.
- Each cylinder includes a driven displacer.
- the displacer is a plunger, a mechanically hinged membrane or a hydraulically articulated membrane, in particular a plunger.
- the oscillating positive displacement pump is a plunger pump, a diaphragm pump with a mechanically articulated membrane or a hydraulically articulated diaphragm pump or piston diaphragm pump, in particular a plunger pump.
- the drive for the displacer may be a Geradschubkurbelantrieb, a Federnockentriebtechnik with phase-controlled stroke adjustment or a magnetic linear drive.
- a Geradschubkurbelantrieb is used.
- the cylinder comprises a cylinder housing, a working space, a suction valve, a pressure valve and a cylinder head.
- the cylinders of the oscillating positive displacement pumps in particular the oscillating positive displacement pumps according to the invention, can also have a common pump head.
- the suction valve and the pressure valve are preferably automatic.
- loaded ball valves, plate valves, mushroom valves or conical valves are used.
- the oscillating displacement pumps in particular the positive displacement pumps according to the invention, can still be equipped with a conventional and known trigger or incremental encoder, by means of which the speed of the pump can be determined if necessary.
- a conventional and known trigger or incremental encoder by means of which the speed of the pump can be determined if necessary.
- the oscillating positive displacement pumps in particular the oscillating positive displacement pumps according to the invention, can be used in many ways.
- they can be used as metering pumps, for example for precise metering of fluids in the laboratory, as industrial pumps, for example in chemical plants, process plants and in refinery technology, or as flushing pumps, for example, for horizontal and deep drilling in the oil industry, construction or geothermal.
- the delivered volume flows can be up to several 100 m 3 / h at working pressures up to several 1,000 bar.
- strain gauges DMS which on the wall to the working space, e.g. are mounted on the circumference of the piston liners, measured. It is a further particular advantage of the methods according to the invention that all conventional and known types of strain gauges DMS can be used.
- the pressure measurement is preferably carried out piezoelectrically by means of semiconductor DMS.
- the resulting strain gage signal does not have to be calibrated, but it is sufficient to indicate the pressure in volts, because it depends solely on the pressure change when opening and closing the valves in the suction and pressure stroke.
- the maximum or minimum pressure measured during the entire recording is determined and its difference divided into 100 equal intervals. Then, the relative frequency at which each data point falls within one of the 100 intervals is determined.
- the absolute maximum in the thus determined histogram above the 50th interval is considered to be the mean pressure of the pressure stroke, and the absolute maximum below the 50th interval is considered to be the mean pressure of the suction stroke.
- the displacer is preferably in each case a window of preferably ⁇ 5% of the stroke is hidden. This means that the pressure profile is first digitized and then the rising and falling edges are determined. Around the detected edges around then the blanking window is placed. The partial strokes of the individual pistons at the beginning and at the end of the measurement are completely ignored in each case, ie the evaluation basically begins with the first edge in the digital pressure curve and ends at the last edge. This procedure is easy to automate.
- the course of the structure-borne noise during the suction stroke and during the pressure stroke is determined on each cylinder by the measurement of the vibration acceleration in volts and the calculation of the effective values a e n.
- the effective value of a e n can by using the equation (1) or calculated by using the equation (2) can be approximately calculated:
- the rms values a eff are calculated using equation (1), the integral preferably being calculated according to the chordal trapezoidal method
- the vibration acceleration is measured by means of conventional and known piezoelectric accelerometer as sensors, since they have better dynamics compared to displacement and fast sensors.
- the correlation coefficient r a, p is the normalized covariance of the two signals pressure and structure-borne sound.
- a value of the correlation coefficient near +1 or -1 indicates a high positive or negative linear relationship of the two signals, while a value of 0 indicates that the time courses of structure-borne sound and pressure are independent or at least correlate nonlinearly.
- Damage to pressure valves can be detected by the same principle. Here then, however, the backflow of the fluid from the pressure side into the working space is responsible for the increased generation of noise.
- a positive correlation coefficient r a, p indicates a defect at the suction valve
- a negative correlation coefficient r ap indicates a pressure valve leakage
- the calculation of the correlation coefficient r ap can likewise easily be automated.
- the measured structure-borne sound signals and the pressure profile are measured continuously or at intervals and automatically evaluated in data processing systems, and the resulting correlation coefficients r a, p are stored permanently or for a certain amount of time. If appropriate, the measured signals can be compared with reference signals.
- the storage and evaluation need not happen on site, but the measured signals can be transmitted via the Internet or via computer leased lines to a central data processing system, where their evaluation and storage take place.
- an alarm This may be an audible and / or visual alarm. This alarm can be triggered locally on the defective pump and / or in a central switching point. In severe cases, emergency shutdown can be triggered with or without a previous alarm.
- One skilled in the art may determine the appropriate threshold based upon his or her general knowledge and experience or on the basis of a few orienting attempts.
- the second method according to the invention serves for the early detection and localization of multiple valve failures in an oscillating positive displacement pump, which comprises the components described above, the cylinders of which, however, have a common pump head, by signal-based evaluation of measured pressure and structure-borne noise signals.
- the pressure measurement is carried out on each cylinder by means of strain gauges DMS, as described above.
- the digitization of the pressure profile determined on the basis of the measured strain gage signals, as described above in the first method according to the invention, is carried out.
- the windowing only has to be carried out for one cylinder or displacer, after which the windows for each cylinder can be calculated by shifting by 120 ° in each case.
- the course of structure-borne noise during the suction stroke and during the pressure stroke only at a point of the pump head, where the course of structure-borne noise has the greatest sensitivity with the least noise, by measuring the vibration acceleration and calculation the effective values a e n in the damage state of the pump is determined.
- the point of the pump head on which the course of structure-borne noise has the greatest sensitivity with the least noise at the same time can be determined by the person skilled in the art on the basis of his general knowledge, where appropriate with the aid of a few orienting experiments.
- this point is in the region of the central cylinder head.
- the effective value a e n in the good condition of the oscillating positive displacement pump is preferably used as substitute value, which can be determined automatically during the first startup and stored in a data processing system, in particular an embedded PC.
- any other nonzero positive numerical value is also suitable.
- this numerical value is not significantly greater than the effective value a e n in the good condition. Namely, the size of the selected number determines the sensitivity of the method according to the invention, with larger values reducing the sensitivity.
- the calculation of the two fictitious vibration acceleration signals can be easily automated.
- the correlation coefficient r a, p between the calculated fictitious vibration acceleration signals and the digitized pressure curve in the damage state of the pump is calculated.
- this equation (3) is used.
- a positive correlation coefficient r a, p in the Saugventiltest that exceeds a predetermined threshold indicates a defect in at least one suction valve.
- valve damage determined in this way or the valve damage determined in this way is or will be assigned to a cylinder by measuring the effective values a e n of the structure-borne noise in the damage state during a stroke of a displacer with the effective values a e n at the flanks of the digitized pressure curve in the damage state compares.
- An assignment to a cylinder is given if the effective value a e n changes exactly with the edges of a displacement stroke.
- the measured structure-borne noise signals and the pressure curve are measured continuously or at intervals and automatically evaluated taking into account the fictitious vibration acceleration in data processing systems, and the resulting correlation coefficients r a, p are stored permanently or for a certain amount of time. If appropriate, the measured signals can be compared with reference signals.
- the storage and evaluation need not happen on site, but the measured signals can be transmitted via the Internet or via computer leased lines to a central data processing system, where their evaluation and storage take place.
- an alarm is automatically triggered an alarm.
- This may be an acoustic and / or act optical alarm. This alarm can be triggered locally on the defective pump and / or in a central switching point. In severe cases, emergency shutdown can be triggered with or without a previous alarm.
- One skilled in the art may determine the appropriate threshold based upon his or her general knowledge and experience or on the basis of a few orienting attempts.
- the sensors described above are already integrated in the oscillating displacement pumps.
- “Integrated” means that the sensors are installed in the displacement pumps according to the invention in the required places, so that the positive displacement pumps according to the invention are delivered with the sensors to the customer.
- the sensors are built in such a way that they do not loosen or become damaged during long-term operation, but can be easily replaced if necessary. Suitable fastening devices are common and known.
- the sensors can be integrated at the points where they can be mounted with the least effort.
- the sensors of the positive displacement pump according to the invention are equipped with the necessary electrical connection points for power supply lines and signal derivatives, so that they can be easily connected to peripheral devices such as embedded PCs and other data processing systems.
- the positive displacement pumps according to the invention can be used excellently for the processes according to the invention. They can be produced without much additional effort. They are robust and of long service life. Because of their excellent monitoring capabilities, they can be operated without any problems for a particularly long time at constantly high flow rates. Switch points on the valves can be detected very early, so that appropriate countermeasures can be taken without causing a long failure of the positive displacement pump according to the invention.
- the pressure curve in each cylinder was measured in volts with the aid of a semiconductor strain gauge DMS attached to the respective cylinder.
- the DMS signals of the three cylinders showed the expected pressure curve in the working space.
- the DMS signals could be used to approximate the working space pressure.
- the qualitative course of the structure-borne sound signals showed at each measuring point the typical peaks when opening and closing the valves. In addition, no abnormalities were present.
- the delivery pressure showed no appreciable influence on the qualitative course of structure-borne noise. All three structure-borne noise sensors provided the same information content. However, the structure-borne sound course at the cylinder head of the cylinder Il (central cylinder head) showed the highest sensitivity with at the same time lowest noise.
- the correlation coefficients r a; P were expected to be negative, indicating the pressure valve damage.
- the results also showed that even at a relatively low pressure of 20 bar, at low speeds, the magnitude of the correlation coefficient r a, p increased by a factor of more than 10. This was sufficient to accept the correlation coefficient r a; P as a safe criterion for detecting valve damage.
- the correlation was not so good, but even at high speed and higher pressures from 100 bar upwards, the increase in the amount of correlation coefficient r a; P was sufficient to be used as a criterion for valve damage .
- a damaged suction valve and a damaged pressure valve were installed in cylinder I (experiments No. 1 1 to 13, see Table 3).
- a damaged pressure valve was installed in the cylinder I and a damaged suction valve in the cylinder II (test No. 14, see Table 3).
- the structure-borne sound signal was replaced once during the suction stroke and once during the compression stroke by a fictitious acceleration signal.
- the previously measured and stored effective value a e n in the good condition of the pump was selected.
- the correlation coefficient r a, p was calculated according to equation (3).
- Suction valve damage occurred when the suction valve test for at least one cylinder indicated a positive correlation exceeding a predetermined threshold. Negative correlations in the suction valve test were therefore definitely an indication of an undamaged suction valve. Pressure valve damage occurred when the pressure valve test for at least one cylinder indicated a negative correlation that fell below a predetermined threshold. Positive correlations in the pressure valve test were therefore definitely an indication of an undamaged pressure valve.
- Table 4 gives an overview of the calculated correlation coefficients r ap for the operation of the high-pressure submersible piston pump both in good condition (tests Nos. 1 to 3, see Table 1) and in the damaged condition (Tests Nos. 11 to 14, see Table 3) ).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200810037393 DE102008037393B4 (de) | 2008-09-25 | 2008-09-25 | Verfahren zur Früherkennung von Ventilschäden in oszillierenden Verdrängerpumpen und oszillierende Verdrängerpumpen mit integrierter Sensorik zur Verwendung in diesen Verfahren |
| PCT/EP2009/061831 WO2010034632A1 (de) | 2008-09-25 | 2009-09-14 | Verfahren zur früherkennung von ventilschäden in oszillierenden verdrängerpumpen und oszillierende verdrängerpumpen mit integrierter sensorik zur verwendung in diesen verfahren |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2326842A1 true EP2326842A1 (de) | 2011-06-01 |
| EP2326842B1 EP2326842B1 (de) | 2014-10-22 |
Family
ID=41478914
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09743879.0A Not-in-force EP2326842B1 (de) | 2008-09-25 | 2009-09-14 | Verfahren zur früherkennung von ventilschäden in oszillierenden verdrängerpumpen und oszillierende verdrängerpumpen mit integrierter sensorik zur verwendung in diesen verfahren |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2326842B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102008037393B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2010034632A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011001378A1 (de) * | 2011-03-17 | 2012-09-20 | Dionex Softron Gmbh | Kolben-Zylinder-Einheit für eine Kolbenpumpe, insbesondere für die Hochleistungsflüssigkeitschromatographie |
| DE102013211345B4 (de) | 2013-06-18 | 2022-12-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zur Zustandsüberwachung an Verdrängereinheiten |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH641907A5 (en) * | 1979-03-27 | 1984-03-15 | Burckhardt Ag Maschf | Device for monitoring the operational characteristic of the valves of a piston compressor |
| DE19625947C1 (de) | 1996-06-28 | 1997-09-18 | Uraca Pumpen | Verfahren zur Störungsfrüherkennung an Pumpen sowie entsprechende Vorrichtung |
| DE10322220C5 (de) | 2003-05-16 | 2010-10-14 | Lewa Gmbh | Störungsfrüherkennung an Pumpenventilen |
| DE10322194A1 (de) * | 2003-05-16 | 2004-12-09 | Siemens Ag | Diagnosesystem und -verfahren für ein Ventil, insbesondere ein Rückschlagventil einer Verdrängerpumpe |
| US7056097B2 (en) | 2003-07-30 | 2006-06-06 | Equistar Chemicals L.P. | System and method for monitoring the mechanical condition of a reciprocating compressor |
-
2008
- 2008-09-25 DE DE200810037393 patent/DE102008037393B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-09-14 EP EP09743879.0A patent/EP2326842B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-09-14 WO PCT/EP2009/061831 patent/WO2010034632A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2010034632A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2010034632A1 (de) | 2010-04-01 |
| EP2326842B1 (de) | 2014-10-22 |
| DE102008037393A1 (de) | 2010-04-01 |
| DE102008037393B4 (de) | 2015-01-22 |
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