EP2325396A1 - Block zum Schutz von Maritim- und/oder Flusswerken, und Struktur zum Schutz von Maritim- und/oder Flusswerken mit mehrerer, solcher Blöcke - Google Patents

Block zum Schutz von Maritim- und/oder Flusswerken, und Struktur zum Schutz von Maritim- und/oder Flusswerken mit mehrerer, solcher Blöcke Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2325396A1
EP2325396A1 EP10306206A EP10306206A EP2325396A1 EP 2325396 A1 EP2325396 A1 EP 2325396A1 EP 10306206 A EP10306206 A EP 10306206A EP 10306206 A EP10306206 A EP 10306206A EP 2325396 A1 EP2325396 A1 EP 2325396A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core
faces
block
blocks
main
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10306206A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
François Ropert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reportex
Original Assignee
Reportex
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Reportex filed Critical Reportex
Publication of EP2325396A1 publication Critical patent/EP2325396A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E02B3/129—Polyhedrons, tetrapods or similar bodies, whether or not threaded on strings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a protection block of maritime and / or river structures, and a structure for protecting maritime and / or river structures against waves and currents comprising a plurality of such blocks.
  • the present invention relates to an artificial carapace block for a protective structure.
  • the carapace represents the key element for the stability of the structure, and constitutes the main protection element of the structure vis-à- vis-à-vis the aggression of swells.
  • the carapace consists of either natural riprap or artificial blocks, usually concrete.
  • Stability depends on the ability of the blocks, not only to cling to the underlying slopes of the works to protect, but also and especially to assemble them through their particular shape by constituting a protective shell that leaves spaces empty enough to absorb the hydraulic energy to which the work is subjected.
  • Robustness represents the ability of the shape of the blocks to good mechanical resistance to shocks, stresses and erosion. This form also depends on the interlocking properties of the blocks between them and the vacuum index of the carapace. This index must be high enough on the one hand to disperse the wave energy and on the other hand to reduce the action of underpressure.
  • the shell can settle, while the blocks can be caused to oscillate between two positions, which accelerates the degradation of the carapace.
  • An object of the invention is to improve the stability of the blocks constituting the shell of a protective structure, in particular by limiting the oscillation phenomena of the blocks, while allowing easy arrangement of the blocks.
  • the block has a general shape of plane tripod defined by three parallelepipedal legs arranged at 120 ° in the extension of the core and each having two planar coplanar faces with the main planar faces of the core.
  • the block has a general shape of a star with three branches, with a protuberance arranged in the center.
  • the main planar surfaces make it possible to improve the positioning and the stability between adjacent blocks, thanks to the friction forces that are exerted along these surfaces.
  • the main flat surfaces which constitute contact surfaces, also make it possible to limit the oscillation phenomena of the blocks.
  • the protuberance and the three lugs arranged at 120 ° allow to offer the neighboring blocks, supports and indentations facilitating the positioning of the blocks during the realization of the shell.
  • This particular shape also allows for continuous partial overlapping of blocks which represent a nesting mode that performs particularly well in terms of stability. According to the chosen laying pattern, it is thus possible to make a shell of a protective structure with a layer and a half of protection blocks.
  • the central core comprises two hexagonal bases connected by lateral faces, and the tabs are arranged in the extension of three lateral faces of the core.
  • the two main planar faces of the central part may be parallel. They can also be identical.
  • the core is a right hexagonal prism and the legs are rectangular parallelepipeds.
  • the angles of the hexagonal bases can also be equal.
  • the legs are cubes.
  • the three lateral faces of the core on which the tabs are arranged may have the same surface, and the three free lateral faces of the core may have the same surface.
  • the hexagonal bases of the nucleus may be regular, that is, the sides of the hexagonal bases may be equal.
  • the surface of the free lateral faces of the core may be greater than or equal to half the area of the side faces common with the legs. More specifically, the surface of the free lateral faces may be equal to two thirds of the surface of the lateral faces common with the tabs. Legs are thus obtained whose size and spacing make it possible to improve the positioning of two neighboring blocks.
  • the protruding protrusion has the shape of a truncated pyramid.
  • it may have the shape of a truncated pyramid polygonal base, for example hexagonal.
  • the sides of the hexagonal base of the truncated pyramid may be parallel to sides of the hexagonal base of the core on which is disposed the projecting protuberance.
  • the projecting dimension of the protuberance may be less than or equal to the thickness of the central core, that is to say the distance between the two main plane surfaces.
  • the protruding protrusion which is on one of the main planar faces of the core, can also be on the flat face of at least one of the legs, coplanar with the main flat face of the core.
  • Such protrusion projecting from a first block thus makes it possible, during the manufacture of the protective structure of the maritime and / or river structures, to form a stop for a second block coming to cover the first.
  • Such protruding protrusion allows in particular to define the space between the first and the second block, and thus to provide openings between the blocks to promote the flow of water through the protective structure.
  • protuberances also allow an increase in the mass and the surface roughness of the blocks, which improves the performance of the protection structure, in terms of crossing.
  • the block comprises a projecting protuberance on each main flat face of the core. It is then possible to improve the contact between two superimposed blocks, or between a block and the underlying layer of the slope according to its particle size.
  • a protection structure of maritime and / or river structures comprising a plurality of blocks according to the first aspect.
  • the structure may comprise a central core, at least one filter layer and at least one shell layer comprising a plurality of blocks according to the first aspect.
  • the block 1 for example of concrete, comprises a body 2 and a protruding protrusion 3 disposed on a surface of the body 2.
  • the body 2 comprises a core 4 having two main planar faces, and three lugs 5, 6, 7 arranged at 120 ° in the extension of the core.
  • the body 2 has in particular two flat surfaces, which each comprise a main flat surface of the core and a flat face of each leg.
  • the tabs comprise two flat faces that are coplanar with the main planar surfaces of the core 4. This produces a block 1 having two large planar surfaces, capable of improving the friction forces, and thus the stability, between adjacent blocks .
  • the core 4 has two hexagonal bases, forming the two main plane surfaces, which are connected by side faces 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13.
  • the side faces 8, 9 and 10 are free, and the side faces 11, 12, 13, represented in dotted lines on the figure 1 , are common with the legs 5, 6 and 7 respectively.
  • the hexagonal bases that is to say the main flat surfaces of the core 4 are identical and parallel. It is further considered that the side faces 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 are perpendicular to said main planar surfaces.
  • the core 4 of the block 1 is a hexagonal right prism.
  • the hexagonal bases of the core 4 can be regular, that is to say have six equal sides, and six equal angles. They can also have six equal angles, and equal sides two by two. More particularly, the successive sides of the hexagonal bases may have lengths successively equal to two different values.
  • the side faces of the core 4 may have surfaces equal in pairs.
  • the non-successive free surfaces 8, 9 and 10 may have the same area
  • the surfaces 11, 12 and 13 common with the legs 4, 5 and 6 may have the same area, different from those of the free surfaces.
  • the area of the free surfaces 8, 9, 10 is between half and three quarters of the area of the surfaces 11, 12, 13 common with the legs, and preferably is substantially equal to two thirds of the area of the surfaces. 11, 12, 13 common with the legs.
  • the common faces 11, 12 and 13 may be square, that is to say that the sides of the hexagonal bases belonging to the common faces 11, 12, 13 may have a length equal to the distance between the two bases hexagonal of the core 4.
  • angles of the two hexagonal bases can remain equal to 120 °.
  • the tabs 5, 6, 7 are arranged at 120 °, in the extension of the core 4.
  • the tabs each comprise two flat faces coplanar with the main planar surfaces of the core 4, and a common face with a lateral face of the core 4.
  • the tabs 5, 6 and 7 may in particular be parallelepipeds, and in particular rectangular parallelepipeds when the core 4 is a right prism.
  • the length of the tabs can be chosen according to the spacing of the tabs on the core 4, to facilitate the positioning of two neighboring blocks.
  • the tabs may have coplanar faces with the main flat surfaces of the core 4, which are square.
  • the legs have a length equal to the length of the side of the hex on which they are arranged.
  • the legs may even be cubic when the distance between the two hexagonal bases of the core 4 is chosen equal to the length of the sides of the hexagonal bases on which the tabs are arranged.
  • the protruding protrusion 3 is disposed on a flat surface of the body 2, and in particular on a main flat surface of the core 4.
  • the protruding protrusion is preferably truncated pyramid, and in particular truncated pyramid hexagonal base.
  • the shape of pyramid trunk makes it easier to position the neighboring blocks during the production of the protective structure, in particular by driving the flat surfaces of the superposed blocks in contact with each other.
  • a truncated pyramid hexagonal base facilitates the orientation of neighboring blocks, a free side face can come into contact with a side face of the projecting protuberance.
  • the sides of the hexagonal base of the pyramid trunk may be parallel to the sides of the hexagonal base of the core 4 on which the projecting protuberance is arranged.
  • the projecting dimension of the protuberance may be less than or equal to the thickness of the central core.
  • the protective block 1 may also comprise, on its main flat surfaces, surface asperities capable of increasing the imbrication and the friction forces between two adjacent blocks in contact.
  • the corner edges of the lugs 5, 6, 7 and / or the projecting protuberance 3 and / or the core 4 may be chamfered. This removes sharp angles, and reduces the fragile areas of the block. Furthermore, the intersections between the tabs and the free faces 8, 9, 10 of the core 4, and / or the intersections between the protruding protrusion 3 and the main flat surface of the core 4, may comprise roundings slightly covering the adjoining faces . Limiting the local stress concentrations thus improves the structural strength of the block.
  • the figure 2 represents a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the references identical to those of the first embodiment designate the same elements.
  • the protection block 1 comprises a second protruding protrusion 30, disposed on the other main surface of the core 4.
  • This second protrusion 30 is added to improve the nesting, and the contact, blocks between them.
  • the protruding dimension of the protuberance can be adapted to the particle size of the said layer.
  • the protection block also comprises, on the two successive edges located on the two legs 6, 7, two chamfers 14, 15 parallel to the free lateral face 10 of the core separating said two edges, in particular to facilitate the manufacture of the block.
  • such a block can be manufactured by pouring concrete into a formwork such as that shown in FIG. figure 3 .
  • the formwork is constituted by the assembly of half-shells 31, 32 symmetrical with respect to the median longitudinal plane of the tripod, that is to say that of the core.
  • the formwork comprises an upper opening 33 and two openings 34, 35 corresponding to the chamfers 14, 15 of two successive edges arranged on two different legs.
  • the openings 33, 34 are parallel to the free lateral face of the core separate said two edges.
  • the procedure is as follows: the formwork, with its constituent parts 31, 32 is assembled so as to rest the openings 34, 35 (or alternatively the opening 33) on a prefabrication area directly or with the interposition of a sheet of paper or polymer. Pouring the concrete through the opening 33 (or alternatively through the opening 34 and / or 35) to said opening, through which we can introduce lastly a pervibration needle.
  • the blocks according to the first or second embodiment may be arranged in a laying plane with a random or defined orientation of the elements, in one or more layers, preferably in a layer and a half.
  • the blocks of the same layer interlock with each other to form a solid shell with a regular structure or not, which reserves suitable voids to avoid the action of underpressure.
  • the outer surface of a block is sufficiently flat to allow, by friction, a quality contact with a superimposed block on it.
  • the protective structure comprising such a shell may also comprise, in a conventional manner, a filter layer, underlying the shell, and a core supporting the filter layer and the shell and giving the assembly its overall shape. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
EP10306206A 2009-11-24 2010-11-04 Block zum Schutz von Maritim- und/oder Flusswerken, und Struktur zum Schutz von Maritim- und/oder Flusswerken mit mehrerer, solcher Blöcke Withdrawn EP2325396A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0958303A FR2952946B1 (fr) 2009-11-24 2009-11-24 Bloc de protection d'ouvrages maritimes et/ou fluviaux, et structure de protection des ouvrages maritimes et/ou fluviaux comprenant une pluralite de tels blocs

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2325396A1 true EP2325396A1 (de) 2011-05-25

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Family Applications (1)

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EP10306206A Withdrawn EP2325396A1 (de) 2009-11-24 2010-11-04 Block zum Schutz von Maritim- und/oder Flusswerken, und Struktur zum Schutz von Maritim- und/oder Flusswerken mit mehrerer, solcher Blöcke

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP2325396A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2952946B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014193212A1 (es) * 2013-05-30 2014-12-04 Canto Rincon José Sistema multifuncional de bloques de concreto de forma de polípodo

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4474504A (en) * 1983-04-20 1984-10-02 Columbia Building Materials, Inc. Underwater erosion control system having primary elements including truncated conical recesses for receiving articulated interconnect links
FR2647135A1 (fr) * 1989-05-22 1990-11-23 Sogreah Bloc artificiel notamment pour la realisation d'ouvrages de protection maritime et fluviale
US5429451A (en) * 1993-04-30 1995-07-04 Pettee, Jr.; Gary K. Grid matrix system including interconnected revetment blocks
WO2004009910A2 (en) * 2002-07-24 2004-01-29 Hbg Civiel B.V. Protective element for a breakwater or wave-retarding construction

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4474504A (en) * 1983-04-20 1984-10-02 Columbia Building Materials, Inc. Underwater erosion control system having primary elements including truncated conical recesses for receiving articulated interconnect links
FR2647135A1 (fr) * 1989-05-22 1990-11-23 Sogreah Bloc artificiel notamment pour la realisation d'ouvrages de protection maritime et fluviale
US5429451A (en) * 1993-04-30 1995-07-04 Pettee, Jr.; Gary K. Grid matrix system including interconnected revetment blocks
WO2004009910A2 (en) * 2002-07-24 2004-01-29 Hbg Civiel B.V. Protective element for a breakwater or wave-retarding construction

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014193212A1 (es) * 2013-05-30 2014-12-04 Canto Rincon José Sistema multifuncional de bloques de concreto de forma de polípodo

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2952946A1 (fr) 2011-05-27
FR2952946B1 (fr) 2011-12-30

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