EP2321624A1 - Method and device for detecting leaks in an underground liquid pipe, particularly a water pipe - Google Patents
Method and device for detecting leaks in an underground liquid pipe, particularly a water pipeInfo
- Publication number
- EP2321624A1 EP2321624A1 EP09787124A EP09787124A EP2321624A1 EP 2321624 A1 EP2321624 A1 EP 2321624A1 EP 09787124 A EP09787124 A EP 09787124A EP 09787124 A EP09787124 A EP 09787124A EP 2321624 A1 EP2321624 A1 EP 2321624A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- diffuser
- pipe
- liquid
- detection system
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 57
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 27
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/20—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material
- G01M3/22—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using special tracer materials, e.g. dye, fluorescent material, radioactive material for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for detecting leaks in an underground liquid pipe, according to which:
- a gas is injected through a diffuser into the liquid of the pipe, a gas whose content in the atmosphere is low,
- the invention relates more particularly to the detection of leaks in water pipes.
- the injected gas is generally helium.
- FR 2 729468 relates to a detection method of the same type.
- the injection of the gas into the liquid involves a mixing device consisting of a tank connected to the water distribution network, the lower part of the tank being provided with a diffuser tube which is in communication with means for dispensing water. helium supply.
- the gas injection means are relatively complicated to set up, and the gas diffusion is not entirely satisfactory.
- the detection system is relatively heavy and involves a mass spectrometer.
- GB 2 338 072 relates to a method for detecting leaks in an underground liquid line, in particular a water line, according to which a gas is injected into the liquid of the pipe by a diffuser.
- a vehicle equipped with gas detection means namely helium
- the detection equipment includes a mass spectrometer. It is indicated that it is preferable to prepare a saturated solution of helium and to inject it into the pipeline. For this purpose, the injection takes place in a bypass loop on the pipe. No indication is provided on the average diameter of the outlet pores of the diffuser for the gas.
- the diffusers do not show connection means allowing their displacement and their introduction sealingly at a point of the pipe.
- the object of the invention is, above all, to provide a method for detecting leaks in an underground liquid pipe of the type defined above, which is of simple and rapid implementation, and which makes it possible to improve the diffusion of the gas in the liquid, and thus improve the detection of leaks. Indeed, if the diffusion of the gas is not ensured in good conditions, pockets of gas can form in the pipe, and gas can escape at a connection between two pipes, although this connection be waterproof. This may result in false indications.
- a leak detection method of the kind defined above is characterized in that a diffuser having outlet pores for the gas having an average diameter of less than 50 ⁇ m is chosen to give gas bubbles whose diameter is reduced.
- the average diameter of the outlet pores of the diffuser is less than or equal to 20 ⁇ m.
- the diffuser is connected to a pressurized gas inlet by connecting means allowing the diffuser to be displaced, and the diffuser at one point of the pipe to inject the gas directly into the pipe.
- the diffuser is installed in a rigid cylindrical casing whose one end is open and comprises means for sealing connection to a full-bore valve orifice, while the other end of the casing is leak-tightly traversed by a gas supply pipe of the diffuser, - the envelope is sealed to the valve orifice, the latter being closed,
- valve is opened, and the diffuser is introduced into the pipe by passing it through the open valve.
- the diffuser can be oriented in the pipe in a diametrical direction, or in a direction parallel to the axis of the pipe.
- the diffuser may be rigid made of sintered metal, especially sintered steel, or ceramic or graphite, or other material equivalent in terms of porosity.
- the diffuser may be flexible, and in particular made of silicone rubber or polyethylene.
- a detection system advantageously comprising a suction cup designed to be placed on the surface of the ground, this cup being connected to a portable suction pump, which directs the sucked mixture to a portable detector of the injected gas.
- the invention also relates to a device for detecting leaks of an underground liquid pipe, for the implementation of the method defined above, this device comprising a gas diffuser in the liquid and being characterized in that this diffuser presents gas outlet pores having an average diameter of less than 50 ⁇ m, preferably less than or equal to 20 ⁇ m.
- the diffuser is connected to a pressurized gas inlet by connecting means for moving the diffuser, which is mounted in a rigid envelope cylindrical whose one end is open and comprises means for sealing connection to a full-bore valve orifice, while the other end of the casing is slidably sealed through a gas supply pipe of the diffuser,
- connection means of the diffuser with the gas inlet are advantageously constituted by a flexible pipe.
- the detection device comprises a gas detection system which comprises a portable pump whose intake port is connected to a suction cup designed to be placed on the ground.
- the discharge of the pump is connected to a portable gas detector.
- a portable digital device is provided to record the results provided by the detector.
- a GPS unit is advantageously provided to locate the places inspected, and provide this information to the digital device.
- the detection device according to the invention consists of portable elements that facilitate operations.
- Fig. 1 is a diagram of the gas injection device for implementing the method according to the invention.
- Fig. 2 is a diagram of the gas detection system.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic view with parts torn off the setting up of the diffuser in a pipe and
- Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a ball valve, integral passage.
- the method and the device for detecting leaks of liquid conduits, especially water pipes, according to the invention, are based on
- the method can be used in pipes in service, without the need to interrupt the supply of water in the pipe.
- the device for implementing the method comprises
- the device for injecting gas into the liquid of the pipe comprises a helium tank 1, usually in the form of a pressurized bottle, equipped with a pressure reducer 2 with a pressure gauge 2a giving the pressure upstream of the pressure regulator 2, that is to say the pressure of the tank 1, and gauge 2b downstream, that is to say at the outlet of the expander 2.
- a flexible hose 3 connects the outlet of the expander 2 to a regulator 4, provided to control the gas flow.
- the regulator 4 can be a volumetric flow controller or a mass flow controller.
- the output of the regulator 4 is connected, by a flexible pipe 5 to a connection member 6, provided with a non-return system.
- the connecting member 6 is connected to another flexible pipe 7 whose end remote from the member 6 is connected, either directly or via an intermediate pipe, to a diffuser 8.
- the diffuser 8 has gas exit pores having an average diameter of less than 50 microns to give gas bubbles of reduced diameter, in particular less than 300 microns. Good results have been obtained with a diffuser having pores having an average diameter of about 13 microns.
- the diffuser 8 has a cylindrical shape whose diameter is sufficiently small to be able to pass through a valve 9 (see FIG 3 and 4) with integral passage of diameter at least equal to 30 mm.
- the diffuser 8 may be rigid, and consists of a sintered metal, in particular sintered steel, or ceramic material, or graphite, or equivalent material, having the desired porosity.
- the diffuser 8 is installed in a rigid cylindrical casing 10, one open end 11 of which is provided with connection means, of the thread or plug type, at an orifice of a valve 9.
- This valve is of the integral passage type and comprises ⁇ Fig.4) a shutter consisting of a sphere portion traversed along a diameter by a passage 12 which can be aligned, in the open position, with the inlet and outlet ports of the valve. A quarter-turn rotation of the shutter member controlled by an outer handle 9a closes the valve.
- the diameter of the diffuser 8 is smaller than the diameter of the passage 12 so that the diffuser 8 can pass through the passage 12 when the valve 9 is in the open position.
- the connecting pipe 7 of the diffuser 8 passes through the other end 13 of the casing 10 in leaktight sealing manner, thanks to an O-ring 14, in particular an inflatable ring. It is thus possible to push or pull the pipe 7 through the end 13 in a sealed manner, and to move accordingly the diffuser 8. In the transport or rest position, the diffuser 8 is fully housed in the inside the casing 10 whose length is greater than that of the diffuser 8.
- the introduction of the diffuser 8 in the pipe T can be made at any point accessible, or made accessible, having an inlet port in the pipe such as a discharge port, purge, or for a service connection. However, it is necessary that the diameter of this orifice is sufficient to let the diffuser 8. If this orifice is equipped with a valve of the type of the valve 9 (FIG 3), the envelope 10 can be connected directly to the valve 9. Otherwise, a valve 9 is installed on the access port. In the case where no access would be present on the pipe T, an orifice would be made, with installation of a valve 9, for the introduction of the diffuser 8.
- the leak detection device comprises, in addition to the injection device illustrated in FIG. 1 and 3, a tracer gas detection system E, namely helium in the example considered, illustrated in FIG. 2.
- This E detection system is intended to be able to collect and to analyze the traces of helium present in the soil at the place where a leak in the pipe T takes place.
- the detection system E is also intended to record the inspection data and to locate the place where place this inspection.
- the detection system E comprises the components described below.
- a portable sniffer rod has at its lower end an upside-down suction cup 16 provided on its peripheral edge with a sealing skirt which can be applied against the ground S.
- the upper part of the cup 16 is closed by a disk comprising, at its center, a suction orifice to which the lower end of a flexible hose 17 is sealingly connected.
- the cup 16 is removably installed at the end of the rod 15 so that the operator can choose from among several cups available, that which is best suited to the configuration of the soil to be inspected.
- the hose 17 is connected to one or more dust and moisture filters 18 carried by the rod 15.
- the output of the filter 18 is connected by a flexible pipe 19 to the suction port of a portable pump 20 mounted in the upper part of the rod 15.
- a battery, or electric batteries 21 for supplying the pump 20 are provided in the upper part of the rod 15 with a switch 22.
- a flexible pipe 23 is connected to the discharge port of the pump 20.
- the pipe 23 is connected by a connecting element 24 to an extensible pipe 25 wound helically.
- the pipe 25 is connected to a portable helium detector 26, commercially available (examples: model PHD-4 marketed by Varian, PICO model marketed by MKS 7), of sensitivity equal to or better than 5 ppm (parts per million) helium in the air.
- the information provided by the detector 26 is transmitted by a cable 27 to a portable digital device 28 for recording the data.
- the device 28 may be a PDA (personal digital assistant), or a laptop computer, or a tablet PC, or a UMPC (ultra-mobile PC) or any other digital data collector.
- Digital device 28 allows continuous recording of results (helium concentration levels), as well as their graphical representation.
- a GPS unit (global positioning system) 29 is provided to locate the places inspected. This component 29 may be an external element or a part integrated in the portable digital device 28.
- the output signals of the GPS 29 are recorded by the digital device 28 simultaneously with the output signals of the detector 26, so that the time and place of measurement are added to the results of the inspection.
- the detector 26 and the digital device 28 can be worn shoulder-width, with the aid of a strap, not shown, by an operator who moves on the ground while carrying the rod 15.
- a leak detection is carried out as follows.
- an insertion point (valve, discharge, service connection) whose passage diameter is greater than the diameter of the diffuser 8, is generally greater than 30 mm.
- This insertion point is equipped with a valve 9, of the ball or shutter type, which leaves a full passage, in the open position.
- the envelope 10 (FIG. 3), containing the diffuser 8, is connected in a sealed manner to the orifice of the valve 9 remote from the pipe T.
- valve 9 is then opened so that the water of the pipe P fills the envelope 10 whose air is discharged through a trap 10a (Fig.1).
- the diffuser 8 is then introduced into the pipe T by pushing the flexible pipe 7 in a sealed manner through the O-ring 14.
- the pressure in the gasket can be reduced to facilitate sliding, until that the diffuser 8 is in place in the pipe T.
- the pressure is then increased again in the O-ring 14.
- - Pgaz is the helium partial pressure (expressed in atmospheres); - H is a constant depending on the temperature, different for each gas. Its value for helium at 25 ° is 3.7.10 ⁇ 4 mol m "3 atrrT 1 ;
- the gas injection is maintained for the time considered necessary to mark the water flowing in the pipe T. Because the diffuser 8 is disposed directly in the pipe and has diameter outlet orifices. reduced, the gas bubbles are themselves of reduced diameter and dissolve quickly in the liquid. Surface detection may start at a small distance, from a few meters, downstream of the injection point. According to the prior art, the diffusion and dissolution of the helium in the water was longer to obtain so that the measurements could start only several hundred meters from the injection point. If leakage is present at any point downstream of the injection into the water distribution network, the water labeled with the dissolved helium will flow into the water through the leak. A phase of desorption of helium (inverse phenomenon of the dissolution) will occur and slowly release the helium in the ground. Helium is much less volatile than hydrogen and stays longer in the soil before being vented to the atmosphere. In practice, it is possible to work up to 5 days after the injection of helium into the water to perform the leak detection operations.
- the inspection to determine the leak or leaks is performed by an operator who moves while walking on the ground S, with the detection system E of FIG. 2, above the path of the pipe T.
- Samples of air trapped in the soil are taken by placing the detection cup 16 at successive points and putting into action the pump 20 and the detector 26.
- the distance between the successive points of application of the cup 16 can be of the order of 5 meters. However, this distance depends on the depth of burial of the pipe T, the characteristics of the soil S, the assumed importance of the leak and the time that has elapsed since the injection. All these parameters affect the angle of the diffusion cone L (Fig.2).
- the application of the cup 16 on the ground should be performed as tight as possible.
- the switch of the pump 20 is actuated for a few seconds, for example 10 seconds, and the sucked air is sent into the detector 26.
- the concentration levels of the helium can be read directly on the detector or on a digital recorder of data. Any concentration of helium higher than the normal concentration of the atmosphere (5 ppm) can be considered as a leakage index.
- the results of the leak inspection are recorded and located by the portable device 28. They may be re-examined later and presented in a geographical information system (GiS).
- GiS geographical information system
- the detection device of the invention can also be used for non-pressurized closed pipes in which the water circulates.
- the concentration of helium dissolved in the water of the pipe T can be estimated, and it is thus possible to envisage establishing a relationship between the value of the helium concentration supplied by the detector 26 and the magnitude of the leakage. of water.
- the invention makes it possible, with a portable device, to detect leaks in pipes in service, without interrupting the supply of water to users.
- the detection device is portable, it can be used in most situations.
- the connection of the detector to a digital data device allows continuous recording of the inspection results for later examination.
- the sampling time and position added to helium concentration level data allow for their geographic representation and provide additional information of particular interest.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0804940A FR2935800B1 (en) | 2008-09-09 | 2008-09-09 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING LEAKS IN A UNDERGROUND LIQUID CONDUIT, IN PARTICULAR A WATER CONDUIT |
PCT/IB2009/053907 WO2010029495A1 (en) | 2008-09-09 | 2009-09-08 | Method and device for detecting leaks in an underground liquid pipe, particularly a water pipe |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2321624A1 true EP2321624A1 (en) | 2011-05-18 |
EP2321624B1 EP2321624B1 (en) | 2018-02-14 |
Family
ID=40560278
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09787124.8A Active EP2321624B1 (en) | 2008-09-09 | 2009-09-08 | Method and device for detecting leaks in an underground liquid pipe, particularly a water pipe |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8931330B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2321624B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102150028B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2009290420B2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2667739T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2935800B1 (en) |
MA (1) | MA32625B1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT2321624T (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010029495A1 (en) |
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FR2935800B1 (en) * | 2008-09-09 | 2010-11-19 | R & I Alliance | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETECTING LEAKS IN A UNDERGROUND LIQUID CONDUIT, IN PARTICULAR A WATER CONDUIT |
DE102010005494A1 (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2011-06-01 | Inficon Gmbh | Method for testing the density of water-carrying components in a housing |
FR2984455B1 (en) | 2011-12-14 | 2015-01-16 | Veolia Eau Cie Generale Des Eaux | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR INJECTING ADDITION PRODUCT IN A LIQUID CHANNEL |
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CN104535275B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2017-04-12 | 天津大学 | Underwater gas leakage amount detection method and device based on bubble acoustics |
CN105043669A (en) * | 2015-05-17 | 2015-11-11 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Remote automatic leakage detection method for underground water supply pipeline |
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CN111780932B (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2021-12-21 | 深圳市效利工程设备有限公司 | Be used for underground water pipe leak source detection device |
CN112161201B (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2023-01-24 | 湖南省大地泵业有限公司 | Sewage treatment equipment capable of preventing recontamination |
FR3118167B1 (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-12-23 | Pfeiffer Vacuum | Method for checking the tightness of an object and leak detection device |
CN113586965B (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2023-02-28 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | SF in GIS pipeline 6 Mixed gas on-line inflating device |
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- 2009-09-08 PT PT97871248T patent/PT2321624T/en unknown
- 2009-09-08 CN CN200980135034.9A patent/CN102150028B/en active Active
- 2009-09-08 ES ES09787124.8T patent/ES2667739T3/en active Active
- 2009-09-08 EP EP09787124.8A patent/EP2321624B1/en active Active
- 2009-09-08 AU AU2009290420A patent/AU2009290420B2/en not_active Ceased
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See references of WO2010029495A1 * |
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US8931330B2 (en) | 2015-01-13 |
AU2009290420B2 (en) | 2016-04-21 |
MA32625B1 (en) | 2011-09-01 |
PT2321624T (en) | 2018-05-14 |
ES2667739T3 (en) | 2018-05-14 |
CN102150028A (en) | 2011-08-10 |
WO2010029495A1 (en) | 2010-03-18 |
FR2935800B1 (en) | 2010-11-19 |
FR2935800A1 (en) | 2010-03-12 |
AU2009290420A1 (en) | 2010-03-18 |
EP2321624B1 (en) | 2018-02-14 |
US20110219855A1 (en) | 2011-09-15 |
CN102150028B (en) | 2013-10-30 |
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