EP2319059B1 - Commutateur à gradins pourvu d'éléments de commutation à semi-conducteur - Google Patents

Commutateur à gradins pourvu d'éléments de commutation à semi-conducteur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2319059B1
EP2319059B1 EP08785705A EP08785705A EP2319059B1 EP 2319059 B1 EP2319059 B1 EP 2319059B1 EP 08785705 A EP08785705 A EP 08785705A EP 08785705 A EP08785705 A EP 08785705A EP 2319059 B1 EP2319059 B1 EP 2319059B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
load
parallel
igbt
varistor
igbts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP08785705A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2319059A1 (fr
Inventor
Oliver Brueckl
Dieter Dohnal
Hans-Henning Lessmann-Mieske
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Scheubeck GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH, Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gebrueder Scheubeck GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen GmbH
Priority to PL08785705T priority Critical patent/PL2319059T3/pl
Publication of EP2319059A1 publication Critical patent/EP2319059A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2319059B1 publication Critical patent/EP2319059B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
    • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
    • H01F29/04—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings having provision for tap-changing without interrupting the load current

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tap changer with semiconductor switching elements for uninterrupted switching between winding taps of a tapped transformer.
  • a tap changer with semiconductor switching elements which is designed as a hybrid IGBT switch is out of the WO 01/22447 known.
  • the tap changer described there operates on the principle of a Lauflastschalters, which can be dispensed with a power storage. It has as a hybrid switch a mechanical part and an electrical part.
  • the mechanical part which is the real object of WO 01/22447 is, has mechanical switching contacts; the central part is a movable sliding contact, which is moved along a contact rail connected to the star point by means of a motor drive, thereby connecting fixed contact elements.
  • the actual load switching itself is done by two IGBT's with four diodes each in Grhartscnies.
  • This known switching device operates on the principle of pulse width modulation; There is a limitation of the circulating current through the transient reactive reactance (TER) of the step winding.
  • TER transient reactive reactance
  • the object of the invention is to provide a tap changer of the type mentioned, which is simple in construction, has a high reliability and in which it is not necessary to have to switch only exactly at the zero crossing of the load current. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide such a tap changer, which does not need to be specially adapted to the respective rated load current and the respective windings of the connected stage transformer, but quasi "off the shelf" can be connected as a functional device to a variety of tapped transformers.
  • the invention is based on two switching units, each switching unit each consisting of two associated, antiparallel IGBT's. Each individual IGBT is assigned a parallel connected varistor.
  • the varistor is dimensioned such that the varistor voltage is less than the maximum blocking voltage of the respective parallel IGBT, but greater than the maximum instantaneous value of the step voltage.
  • the "hard-switching" of the IGBT reduces the turn-off power dissipated in the IGBT decisively and enables the switching concept of a tap changer (OLTC) switching at any arbitrary value of the instantaneous load current, without additional overshoot impedance in the OLTC, as described in detail below without the need to know the step-around leakage reactance, without the need to adapt the OLTC to the particular rated load current or step voltage, and without the need for ⁇ s accurate timing of the turn-off and take-over IGBT switching group.
  • OLTC tap changer
  • the function of the parallel to each IGBT varistor is another: After commutation of the impressed, driven by the mains load current from the disconnecting IGBT to the varallelitate varistor (small commutation), builds from the load current flowing varistor according to its IU characteristic a voltage which shows a relatively small dependence on the instantaneous value of the current and remains practically constant during the switching process of the OLTC.
  • the varistors are particularly advantageously dimensioned such that the varistor voltage, which results when loaded with the peak value of the maximum current, still has a sufficient safety margin to the maximum reverse voltage of the IGBTs.
  • the clamping voltage of the varistors (U Var at 1 mA) must be well above the peak value of the maximum step voltage so that the load current can commute from the disconnecting OLTC side over the step voltage to the side taking over the load current (large commutation circuit).
  • the invention results in a very simple and cost-effective dimensioning of power electronic switching groups, because the energy-absorbing volume in the case of the varistor is flexibly variable and unequal greater than the much smaller, more expensive and hardly variable in volume volume of the IGBT chip.
  • the provision of the required commutation voltage-time area by the varistors and the recording of the resulting loss energy also by the varistors results in a very large tolerance field with regard to the synchronization of the turn-off of the disabling IGBT group and the switch-on time of the acquiring IGBT group.
  • each of the two winding taps tap n and tap n + 1 via a mechanical switch DS a and DS b with a series circuit of two oppositely connected IGBTs I an and I ap on the side n and I bn and I bp on the Page n + 1 connected to the tap changer lead.
  • Parallel to each of the two series-connected IGBT's I and I ap one and I bn and I bp the other hand is in each case a diode d of d ap or d bn, d bp connected.
  • the diodes of one side, ie d an and d ap and d bn and d bp are opposite to each other, ie connected in the opposite forward direction.
  • V an , V ap and V bn , V bp are respectively provided.
  • the enable contacts DS a and DS b are closed.
  • these IGBTs After less than 10 ms current flow duration of I L via the IGBT group I to / I ap , these IGBTs receive a switch-off command and the IGBT group I bn / I bp simultaneously (at least in the standard case) a switch-on command.
  • the voltage that builds up on the disconnecting IGBT is transferred to the parallel varistor. If ns, the clamping voltage of the varistor is achieved after a few 100, the varistor begins to conduct, which uses the takeover of the load current of the IGBT's I and I ap.
  • the varistor according to the invention is dimensioned so that the voltage of the load current flowing through the varistor on the one hand below the max. Blocking voltage of the parallel IGBT, on the other hand moved above the maximum instantaneous value of the step voltage.
  • the excess of the instantaneous value of the varistor voltage over the instantaneous value of the step voltage causes the commutation of the load current with approximately constant di / dt from side A and a shift over the step voltage and the leakage inductance of the step winding L ⁇ (large commutation) with the same di / dt (in this Case positive) on the side B.
  • the varistor voltage remains constant in a first approximation.
  • the permanent main contact MC b closes and shunts the IGBT group B. Subsequently, the IGBTs I bn / I bp are switched to the non-conducting state via the gate drive.
  • the switching sequence ends with the opening of the mechanical release contacts DS a and DS b , which protect the IGBTs from the transient voltage stresses that may be effective at the tap winding.
  • FIG. 2 a modified circuit of a tap changer according to the invention is shown, in which the two varistors each side V on , V ap and V bn , V bp are combined to form a respective common varistor V a and V b .
  • the respective mechanical switch of each side DS a or DS b and the respective varistor of the associated side V a and V b also forms a series connection to the common load dissipation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Commutateur à gradins à éléments de commutation semi-conducteurs pour une commutation sans coupure entre les prises d'enroulement d'un transformateur à gradins, dans lequel
    - le commutateur de prises comporte deux branches de charge reliées aux prises d'enroulement respectives,
    * les éléments de commutation semi-conducteurs sont des composants IGBT (Ian, Iap ; Ibn, Ibp),
    * chacune des deux branches de charge est reliée électriquement à une ligne de charge commune par l'intermédiaire du montage en série de deux composants IGBT (Ian, Iap ; Ibn, Ibp) branchés en opposition, et
    - en parallèle à chaque composant IGBT (Ian, Iap ; Ibn, Ibp), il y a une diode (dan, dap, dbn, dbp), et
    * les deux diodes de chaque branche de charge (dan, dap, ou dbn, dbp) sont branchées en opposition,
    commutateur caractérisé en ce que
    - chaque fois un commutateur mécanique (DSa, DSb) est branché en série dans chaque branche de charge avec le montage en série formé des composants IGBT (Ian, Iap ; Ibn, Ibp) et des diodes parallèles (dan, dap, dbn, dbp),
    - en parallèle à chaque montage parallèle formé d'un composant IGBT (Ian, Iap ; Ibn, Ibp) et d'une diode (dan, dap, dbn, dbp), on a chaque fois un varistor (Van, Vap ; Vbn, Vbp), et
    - les varistors (Van, Vap ; Vbn, Vbp ou Va, Vb) sont dimensionnés pour que leur tension de varistor soit inférieure à la tension de blocage maximale du composant IGBT en parallèle mais que cette tension soit supérieure à la valeur maximale instantanée de la tension de gradins.
  2. Commutateur à gradins selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    chaque composant IGBT (Ian, Iap ; Ibn, Ibp) est réuni en commun avec le varistor (Van, Vap ; Vbn, Vbp) branché sur celui-ci en parallèle ainsi qu'avec la diode (dan, dap, dbn, dbp) sous la forme d'une pile.
  3. Commutateur à gradins selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les deux Varistors (Van, Vap ou Vbn, Vbp) prévus dans une branche de charge sont regroupés en un unique varistor (Va, Vb).
  4. Commutateur à gradins selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    en parallèle aux deux branches de charge, on a chaque fois un contact mécanique permanent (MCa, MCb).
EP08785705A 2008-08-27 2008-08-27 Commutateur à gradins pourvu d'éléments de commutation à semi-conducteur Not-in-force EP2319059B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL08785705T PL2319059T3 (pl) 2008-08-27 2008-08-27 Przełącznik odczepów z półprzewodnikowymi elementami przełączającymi

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2008/007002 WO2010022750A1 (fr) 2008-08-27 2008-08-27 Commutateur à gradins pourvu d'éléments de commutation à semi-conducteur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2319059A1 EP2319059A1 (fr) 2011-05-11
EP2319059B1 true EP2319059B1 (fr) 2011-11-30

Family

ID=40546000

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08785705A Not-in-force EP2319059B1 (fr) 2008-08-27 2008-08-27 Commutateur à gradins pourvu d'éléments de commutation à semi-conducteur

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US8415987B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2319059B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2012501069A (fr)
KR (1) KR20110056259A (fr)
CN (1) CN102077305B (fr)
AT (1) ATE535921T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2008361187A1 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0822740A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2735029A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2378593T3 (fr)
HK (1) HK1151131A1 (fr)
PL (1) PL2319059T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT2319059E (fr)
RU (1) RU2479058C2 (fr)
UA (1) UA97211C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010022750A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010008973B4 (de) * 2010-02-24 2015-11-05 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter des Hybridtyps mit Halbleiterschaltelementen
CN101958195A (zh) * 2010-09-19 2011-01-26 中国农业大学 一种变压器无弧有载分接开关
DE102011012080A1 (de) * 2011-02-23 2012-08-23 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter
EP2724352B1 (fr) 2011-06-27 2015-01-21 ABB Technology AG Dispositif de protection contre les surtensions et disjoncteurs à haute tension
US10153762B2 (en) * 2012-03-30 2018-12-11 Infineon Technologies Ag Method for controlling a semiconductor component
DE102012107436A1 (de) * 2012-08-02 2014-02-06 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter
DE102012107080B3 (de) * 2012-08-02 2013-10-10 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Stufenschalter
FR3000322B1 (fr) * 2012-12-21 2016-05-20 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Dispositif de protection contre une surintensite electrique d'au moins une branche electronique de commutation, systeme de conversion comportant un tel dispositif de protection, et procede de pilotage associe
JP5962639B2 (ja) * 2013-12-04 2016-08-03 株式会社デンソー 交流電源切替装置
US9570252B2 (en) 2014-01-27 2017-02-14 General Electric Company System and method for operating an on-load tap changer
WO2016091281A1 (fr) * 2014-12-08 2016-06-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de limitation de puissance lors de la commutation d'une charge, agencement de circuit et procédé
DE102015102727A1 (de) * 2015-02-25 2016-08-25 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Verfahren zum Ändern der aktiven Windungszahl einer Regelwicklung in einer elektrischen Anlage und elektrische Anlage mit einer Regelwicklung
EP3379725A1 (fr) * 2017-03-23 2018-09-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de commande d'un commutateur à courant continu, commutateur à courant continu et système de tension continue
DE102018113982B4 (de) * 2018-06-12 2023-09-28 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter und verfahren zur betätigung eines laststufenschalters
CN109066632B (zh) * 2018-10-18 2024-01-23 广东电网有限责任公司 一种快速灭磁方法
DE102020123455A1 (de) 2020-09-09 2022-03-10 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter und verfahren zur betätigung eines laststufenschalters

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DE1488366A1 (de) * 1964-08-28 1969-04-03 Siemens Ag Steuerung von Stromtoren in Antiparallelschaltung
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JPH0756612B2 (ja) * 1985-04-23 1995-06-14 三菱電機株式会社 負荷時タツプ切換装置
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102077305A (zh) 2011-05-25
US20110133817A1 (en) 2011-06-09
ATE535921T1 (de) 2011-12-15
BRPI0822740A2 (pt) 2015-06-23
US8415987B2 (en) 2013-04-09
PL2319059T3 (pl) 2012-05-31
AU2008361187A1 (en) 2010-03-04
UA97211C2 (ru) 2012-01-10
WO2010022750A1 (fr) 2010-03-04
CN102077305B (zh) 2012-09-12
ES2378593T3 (es) 2012-04-16
RU2479058C2 (ru) 2013-04-10
RU2011111525A (ru) 2012-10-10
EP2319059A1 (fr) 2011-05-11
KR20110056259A (ko) 2011-05-26
CA2735029A1 (fr) 2010-03-04
HK1151131A1 (en) 2012-01-20
PT2319059E (pt) 2012-03-29
JP2012501069A (ja) 2012-01-12

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