EP2318782B1 - Kühlkreislauf - Google Patents

Kühlkreislauf Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2318782B1
EP2318782B1 EP09776929.3A EP09776929A EP2318782B1 EP 2318782 B1 EP2318782 B1 EP 2318782B1 EP 09776929 A EP09776929 A EP 09776929A EP 2318782 B1 EP2318782 B1 EP 2318782B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
collecting container
refrigeration circuit
sensor
pressure
medium pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09776929.3A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2318782A2 (de
Inventor
Oliver Finckh
Tobias H. Sienel
Markus Hafkemeyer
Christoph Kren
Rainer Schrey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corp filed Critical Carrier Corp
Priority to EP09776929.3A priority Critical patent/EP2318782B1/de
Priority claimed from PCT/EP2009/004789 external-priority patent/WO2010003590A2/en
Publication of EP2318782A2 publication Critical patent/EP2318782A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2318782B1 publication Critical patent/EP2318782B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/027—Condenser control arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
    • F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/01—Heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/22—Refrigeration systems for supermarkets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/23—Separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/31—Low ambient temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/04—Refrigerant level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2109—Temperatures of a separator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refrigeration circuit and to a method of transcritical operation of a refrigeration circuit.
  • Current CO 2 refrigeration circuits employ a two-stage expansion where the refrigerant is relieved from a high pressure level to a medium pressure level by a first stage expansion device, and where the expansion devices upstream of the evaporators further expand the refrigerant to a suction pressure level.
  • WO 2006/015629 A1 discloses a refrigeration circuit for circulating a refrigerant in a predetermined flow direction, comprising in flow direction a heat rejecting heat exchanger, an intermediate throttle valve, a receiver, an evaporator throttle valve, an evaporator, a compressor, and a flash gas tapping line connected to the receiver, wherein the flash gas tapping line is further connected to the compressor.
  • the invention includes a refrigeration circuit having a mono- or multi-component refrigerant, especially CO 2 , circulating therein, said refrigeration circuit enabling an transcritical operation, said refrigeration circuit comprising, in the direction of refrigerant flow, a compressor unit, a condenser/gascooler, a high pressure control valve, a collecting container, and at least one evaporator having an expansion device connected upstream thereof, wherein a flashgas line having a medium pressure control valve arranged therein is provided between an upper portion of the collecting container and the suction line leading to the compressor unit, wherein a temperature, pressure or liquid level sensor is provided in or at the collecting container, wherein a collecting container heating unit arranged in the collecting container, and wherein a control unit is provided said control unit being configured to effect heating operation of the collecting container heating unit when the temperature or pressure in the collecting container sensed by the sensor falls below a predetermined threshold or the liquid level in the collecting container sensed by the sensor exceeds a predetermined threshold, such that the medium pressure is prevented from decreasing.
  • the invention further includes a refrigeration circuit having a mono- or multi-component refrigerant, especially CO 2 , circulating therein, said refrigeration circuit enabling an transcritical operation, said refrigeration circuit comprising, in the direction of refrigerant flow, a compressor unit, a condenser/gascooler with at least one fan leading air over its surface, a high pressure control valve, a collecting container, and at least one evaporator having an expansion device connected upstream thereof, wherein a flashgas line having a medium pressure control valve arranged therein is provided between an upper portion of the collecting container and the suction line leading to the compressor unit, wherein a temperature, pressure or liquid level sensor is provided in or at the collecting container, and wherein a control unit is provided said control unit being configured to lower the performance of the fan(s) when the temperature or pressure in the collecting container sensed by the sensor falls below a predetermined threshold or the liquid level in the collecting container sensed by the sensor exceeds a predetermined threshold, such that the medium pressure is prevented from decreasing.
  • Exemplary embodiments of the invention also include a method for transcritical operation of a refrigeration circuit according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, in which the collecting container heating unit is operated accordingly when the temperature or pressure in the collecting container sensed by the sensor falls below a predetermined threshold or the liquid level in the collecting container sensed by the sensor exceeds a predetermined threshold, such that the medium pressure is prevented from decreasing,
  • Exemplary embodiments of the invention further include a method for transcritical operation of a refrigeration circuit, in which the medium pressure holding valve is switched accordingly when the temperature or pressure in the collecting container sensed by the sensor falls below a predetermined threshold or the liquid level in the collecting container sensed by the sensor exceeds a predetermined threshold, such that the medium pressure is prevented from decreasing.
  • Exemplary embodiments of the invention also include a method for transcritical operation of a refrigeration circuit according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, in which the performance of the fan(s) is lowered when the temperature or pressure in the collecting container sensed by the sensor falls below a predetermined threshold or the liquid level in the collecting container sensed by the sensor exceeds a predetermined threshold, such that the medium pressure is prevented from decreasing.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a first refrigeration circuit 2, which is not an embodiment of the claimed invention.
  • the first refrigeration circuit 2 and all other refrigeration circuits explained with respect to figures 2 - 8 below, comprise the following corresponding elements that are designated with like reference numerals.
  • the refrigeration circuits explained below comprise, in the direction of refrigerant flow, a compressor unit 4 having three compressors connected in parallel, a condenser/gas cooler 6 having two fans 8 and respective fan controls 10 for flowing ambient air over its surface, a high pressure control valve 12, a collecting container/receiver 14, where gaseous and liquid refrigerant are separated from each other and collected, and two evaporators 18 and 20 having a respective expansion valve 16, 20 connected upstream thereof.
  • the condenser/gas cooler 6 acts as a condenser when the refrigerant circuit is operating in a subcritical mode and as a gas cooler when the refrigerant circuit is operating in a transcritical mode.
  • the gas cooler 6 normally works as a condenser/liquefier.
  • the compressors of the compressor unit 4 can also be connected in series.
  • a flashgas line 24 having a medium pressure control valve 26 arranged therein connects the gas space, especially a point in the upper portion of the collecting container 14 with the suction line of the compressor unit 4. Further, a sensor 28 is provided in or at the collecting container 14, especially in an upper portion thereof.
  • the sensor 28 can be configured as temperature sensor measuring the temperature within the collecting container 14, as pressure sensor sensing the pressure within the collecting container 14, as liquid level sensor sensing the liquid level of liquid refrigerant in the collecting container 14 or as a combination thereof.
  • the high pressure control valve 12 effects the phase change of the refrigerant and only a small temperature decrease in the order of 1° Celsius.
  • the number of compressors of the compressor unit 4 the number of the fans 8 and fan controls 10 and the number of evaporators 18 and 22 is only examplary, and different numbers of such elements can also be provided.
  • All refrigeration circuits depicted in figures 1 - 8 and explained with respect to these figures further comprise a control unit that effects the particular medium pressure control operation in case the sensor senses a too low pressure or temperature within the collecting container 14 or a too high level of liquid refrigerant within the collecting container 14.
  • This situation particularly occurs, when the refrigerant flowing from the high pressure control valve 12 into the collecting container 14 is colder than the refrigerant already collected within the collecting container 14.
  • a pressure and temperature decrease within the collecting container 14 can be avoided and an efficient medium pressure control can be provided that guarantees sufficient cooling performance of the evaporators 18 and 22.
  • the pressure will collapse and the refrigerant circuit will stop operating. This problem is reliably avoided by the refrigeration circuits and the methods for transcritical operation of a refrigerant circuit, according to exemplary embodiments of the invention, as explained below.
  • Normal pressure levels of the refrigeration circuits depicted in figures 1 - 8 are as follows: High pressure level between the compressor unit 4 and the high pressure control valve 12: 100 - 125 bar approx., medium pressure level between the high pressure control valve 12 and the expansion valves 16 and 20: 35 - 36 bar, and suction pressure level between the evaporators 18 and 22 and the compressor unit 4: 10 - 26 bar.
  • this first refrigeration circuit 2 further comprises a bypass line 30 having a medium pressure holding valve 32 arranged therein.
  • This bypass line 30 connects the line between the condenser/gas cooler 6 and the high pressure control valve 12 to the line portion downstream the collecting container 14 at a position between the collecting container 14 and the expansion valves 16 and 20.
  • the medium pressure holding valve 32 which can be a solenoid valve, is connected in parallel with the high pressure control valve 12 and the collecting container 14.
  • the sensor 28 senses a too low pressure or temperature value within the collecting container 14 or a too high liquid level of the liquid refrigerant within the collecting container 14 it opens the medium pressure holding valve 32 such that liquid refrigerant bypasses the high pressure control valve 12 and the collecting container 14 and flows directly into the line portion downstream of the collecting container 14. Thereby the medium pressure can reliably controlled and it is avoided that refrigerant being colder than the refrigerant collected in the collecting container 14 flows into the collecting container 14.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic view of a second refrigeration circuit 34, which is not an embodiment of the claimed invention.
  • the second refrigeration circuit 34 comprises, instead of the bypass line 30 and the medium pressure holding valve 32, a bypass line 38 connecting the line after the high pressure control valve 12 to the line portion downstream the collecting container 14 at a position between the collecting container 14 and the expansion valves 16 and 20, and a medium pressure holding valve 36 being arranged in the line after the branch off point of the bypass line 38 and before the collecting container 14.
  • a bypass line 38 bypasses the collecting container 14 and the medium pressure holding valve 36 is put in series after the high pressure control valve 12 and after the branch off point of the bypass line 38.
  • the control unit closes the medium pressure holding valve 36 such that the refrigerant bypasses the collecting container 14 over the bypass line 38. In this way a temperature or pressure decrease in the collecting container 14 can be avoided and the medium pressure within the collecting container can be kept constant.
  • bypass pipe needs to be located above the collecting container 14.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a third refrigeration circuit 40, which is not an embodiment of the claimed invention.
  • the third refrigeration circuit 40 Compared to the second refrigeration circuit 34, the third refrigeration circuit 40 lacks the medium pressure holding valve 36 and has a medium pressure holding valve 42 arranged in the bypass line 38 instead. In other words, the medium pressure holding valve 42 is incorporated to bypass the collecting container 42.
  • the control unit opens the medium pressure holding valve 42 and refrigerant bypasses the collecting container 14.
  • a temperature or pressure decrease in the collecting container 14 can be reliably avoided.
  • a gas phase within the collecting container 14 can be maintained.
  • bypass line 38 is placed below the collecting container 14.
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic view of a fourth refrigeration circuit 44, which is not an embodiment of the claimed invention.
  • the medium pressure holding valve 36 upstream of the collecting container 14 is omitted, and a medium pressure holding valve 46 is provided in the line portion downstream of the collecting container 14 at a position after the collecting container 14 and before the refeed point of the bypass line 38.
  • control unit closes the medium pressure holding valve, and liquid refrigerant bypasses the receiver 14 via the bypass line 38.
  • phase change separator can be placed at the branch off point of the bypass line 38 before the collecting container 14.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic view of a fifth refrigeration circuit 48, which is not an embodiment of the claimed invention.
  • the fifth refrigeration circuit 48 provides a bypass line 50 in parallel to the condenser/gas cooler 6.
  • a medium pressure holding valve 52 is arranged in such bypass line 50.
  • control unit opens the medium pressure holding valve 52 such that hot pressurized refrigerant bypasses the condenser/gas cooler 6 and mixes with the refrigerant having passed the condenser/gas cooler 6 at or after the refeed point of the bypass line 50.
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic view of a sixth refrigeration circuit 54, which is not an embodiment of the claimed invention.
  • the sixth refrigeration circuit 54 comprises a bypass line 56 connecting the pressure line after the compressor unit 4 with the flash gas line 24 at a position close to the collecting container 14 and before the medium pressure control valve 26.
  • control unit actuates or opens the medium pressure holding valve 58 such that hot gaseous refrigerant flows from the pressure line into the gas space of the collecting container 14. Thereby, a temperature or pressure decrease in the collecting container 14 can be avoided, and a sufficient amount of gaseous refrigerant within the collecting container 14 can be provided.
  • Figure 7 shows a schematic view of a seventh refrigeration circuit 60 representing first and second embodiments of the invention.
  • the seventh refrigeration circuit 60 provides two medium pressure control embodiments, that can be employed independently from each other.
  • the sixth refrigeration circuit 60 comprises a collecting container heating unit 62, which in case the temperature or pressure within the collecting container 14 gets too low or the liquid level gets too high, is switched on by the control unit and heats the refrigerant within the collecting container 14. In particular at high liquid level boiling of the refrigerant will supply sufficient refrigerant gas formation. Hence, a pressure or temperature decrease within the collecting container 14 can be avoided, and a sufficient amount of gaseous refrigerant in the collecting container 14 can be provided.
  • the control unit lowers the performance of at least one of the fans 8, when the temperature or pressure in the collecting container 14 gets too low or the liquid level gets too high.
  • the efficiency of the condenser/gas cooler 6 is lowered such that the heat extraction within the condenser/gas cooler is reduced which will supply sufficient refrigerant in gaseous form to the collecting container 14.
  • Such lowered performance of the condenser/gas cooler 6 can either be achieved by switching off fans or stage-wise reduction of the fans running, or a variable speed drive can be provided or integrated in the control unit that continuously lowers the performance of the fans 8.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic view of an eighth refrigeration circuit 64, which is not an embodiment of the claimed invention.
  • the eighth refrigeration circuit 64 comprises all medium pressure control units of the first to seventh refrigeration circuits 2, 34, 40, 44, 48, 54 and 60, namely the collecting container bypass line 30 and the medium pressure holding valve 32, the collecting container bypass line 38 and the medium pressure holding valves 36, 42 and 46, the condenser/gas cooler bypass line 50 and the medium pressure holding valve 52, the bypass line 56 and the medium pressure holding valve 58, the collecting container heating unit 62 and the fan performance control.
  • At least one of a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a liquid level sensor is provided in or at the collecting container 14, and the sensed values are transmitted to and used by the control unit which in turn actuates the respective medium pressure holding valves 32, 36, 42, 46, 52 and 58, and/or the collecting container heating unit 62 and/or the fan(s) 8.
  • the refrigerant circuits of the invention can be operated with any conventional refrigerant.
  • CO 2 can be circulated within the refrigerant circuits. More particularly, CO 2 can be used as refrigerant, and the refrigeration circuit can be operated in a transcritical mode.
  • a reliable and energy efficient medium pressure control of transcritical refrigeration systems, especially transcritical CO 2 refrigeration systems within the collecting container in the event of low ambient temperatures is attained.
  • All exemplary embodiments of the invention, as described herein, have one more benefit: they save on energy consumption.
  • the high pressure control valve 12 which acts as a first stage expansion device and reduces the pressure of the cooled refrigerant before entering the refrigerant collecting container 14 to the medium pressure level high pressure refrigerant can be avoided from entering the supermarket.
  • the liquid refrigerant from the collecting container 14 is sent to the evaporators 18, 22 in the supermarket at the medium pressure level to be used in the individual cooling cabinets.
  • the vapor from the collecting container 14 is expanded to the suction pressure return line by the medium pressure control valve 26.
  • the medium pressure control units are operated for a comparatively short time frame of a few seconds in order to avoid a temperature or pressure decrease within the collecting container 14 and to ensure that enough gaseous refrigerant is present within the collecting container 14.
  • the medium pressure holding valves 32, 36, 42, 46, 52, and 58 can be configured as solenoid valves.

Claims (7)

  1. Kühlkreislauf (60) mit einem darin zirkulierenden ein- oder mehrkomponentigen Kältemittel, insbesondere CO2, wobei der Kühlkreislauf (54) einen transkritischen Betrieb ermöglicht, wobei der Kühlkreislauf (54) in Richtung des Kältemittelstroms eine Verdichtereinheit (4), einen Kondensator/Gaskühler (6), ein Hochdrucksteuerventil (12), einen Sammelbehälter (14) und mindestens einen Verdampfer (18, 22) mit einer vorgeschalteten Expansionseinrichtung (16, 20) umfasst, wobei zwischen einem oberen Bereich des Sammelbehälters (14) und der zur Verdichtereinheit (4) führenden Saugleitung eine Flashgasleitung (24) mit einem darin angeordneten Mitteldrucksteuerventil (26) bereitgestellt ist,
    wobei ein Temperatur-, Druck- oder Flüssigkeitslevelsensor (28) in oder an dem Sammelbehälter (14) bereitgestellt ist;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    eine Sammelbehälter-Heizeinheit (62) in dem Sammelbehälter (14) angeordnet ist; und
    eine Steuereinheit bereitgestellt ist, wobei die Steuereinheit konfiguriert ist, um einen Heizbetrieb der Sammelbehälter-Heizeinheit (62) zu bewirken, wenn die vom Sensor (28) erfasste Temperatur oder der vom Sensor (28) erfasste Druck im Sammelbehälter (14) unter einen vorbestimmten Schwellenwert fällt oder wenn der Flüssigkeitsstand im Sammelbehälter (14), der vom Sensor (28) erfasst wird, einen vorbestimmten Schwellenwert überschreitet, so dass verhindert wird, dass der Mitteldruck absinkt.
  2. Kühlkreislauf (60) mit einem darin zirkulierenden ein- oder mehrkomponentigen Kältemittel, insbesondere CO2, wobei der Kühlkreislauf (54) einen transkritischen Betrieb ermöglicht, wobei der Kühlkreislauf (54) in Richtung des Kältemittelstroms eine Verdichtereinheit (4), einen Kondensator/Gaskühler (6) mit mindestens einem Ventilator (8), der Luft über seine Oberfläche führt, ein Hochdrucksteuerventil (12), einen Sammelbehälter (14) und mindestens einen Verdampfer (18, 22) mit einer vorgeschalteten Expansionseinrichtung (16, 20) umfasst, wobei zwischen einem oberen Bereich des Sammelbehälters (14) und der zur Verdichtereinheit (4) führenden Saugleitung eine Flashgasleitung (24) mit einem darin angeordneten Mitteldrucksteuerventil (26) bereitgestellt ist,
    wobei ein Temperatur-, Druck- oder Flüssigkeitslevelsensor (28) in oder an dem Sammelbehälter (14) bereitgestellt ist; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
    eine Steuereinheit (10) bereitgestellt ist, wobei die Steuereinheit (10) konfiguriert ist, um die Leistung des Ventilators oder der Ventilatoren (8) zu verringern, wenn die vom Sensor (28) erfasste Temperatur oder der vom Sensor (28) erfasste Druck im Sammelbehälter (14) unter einen vorbestimmten Schwellenwert fällt oder wenn der Flüssigkeitsstand im Sammelbehälter (14), der vom Sensor (28) erfasst wird, einen vorbestimmten Schwellenwert überschreitet, so dass verhindert wird, dass der Mitteldruck absinkt.
  3. Kühlkreislauf (60) nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Steuereinheit (10) einen drehzahlvariablen Antrieb für den/die Ventilator(en) (8) umfasst.
  4. Kühlkreislauf (60) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei die Verdichtereinheit (4) einen Satz von Verdichtern umfasst.
  5. Kühlkreislauf (60) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei mindestens zwei Verdampfer (18, 22) mit jeweils einer vorgeschalteten Expansionseinrichtung (16, 20) parallel verbunden sind.
  6. Verfahren zum transkritischen Betrieb eines Kühlkreises nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die Sammelbehälter-Heizeinheit (62) entsprechend betrieben wird, wenn die vom Sensor (28) erfasste Temperatur oder der vom Sensor (28) erfasste Druck im Sammelbehälter (14) unter einen vorbestimmten Schwellenwert fällt oder wenn der Flüssigkeitsstand im Sammelbehälter (14), der vom Sensor (28) erfasst wird, einen vorbestimmten Schwellenwert überschreitet, so dass verhindert wird, dass der Mitteldruck absinkt.
  7. Verfahren zum transkritischen Betrieb eines Kühlkreises nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, bei dem die Leistung des Ventilators oder der Ventilatoren(8) verringert wird, wenn die vom Sensor (28) erfasste Temperatur oder der vom Sensor (28) erfasste Druck im Sammelbehälter (14) unter einen vorbestimmten Schwellenwert fällt oder wenn der Flüssigkeitsstand im Sammelbehälter (14), der vom Sensor (28) erfasst wird, einen vorbestimmten Schwellenwert überschreitet, so dass verhindert wird, dass der Mitteldruck absinkt.
EP09776929.3A 2008-07-07 2009-07-02 Kühlkreislauf Not-in-force EP2318782B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09776929.3A EP2318782B1 (de) 2008-07-07 2009-07-02 Kühlkreislauf

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP2008005524 2008-07-07
PCT/EP2009/004789 WO2010003590A2 (en) 2008-07-07 2009-07-02 Refrigeration circuit
EP09776929.3A EP2318782B1 (de) 2008-07-07 2009-07-02 Kühlkreislauf

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2318782A2 EP2318782A2 (de) 2011-05-11
EP2318782B1 true EP2318782B1 (de) 2019-01-09

Family

ID=43829372

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09776929.3A Not-in-force EP2318782B1 (de) 2008-07-07 2009-07-02 Kühlkreislauf

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2318782B1 (de)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2318782A2 (de) 2011-05-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20110146313A1 (en) Refrigeration circuit
US7770411B2 (en) System and method for using hot gas reheat for humidity control
DK2417406T3 (en) Coolant vapor compression system with hot gas bypass
KR101173004B1 (ko) 열교환 시스템
EP2543242B1 (de) Kondensator-bypass für zweiphasige elektronische kühlsysteme
EP2936008B1 (de) Verfahren zum abtauen eines verdampfers in verbindung mit einer lüftungseinheit
JP5595140B2 (ja) ヒートポンプ式給湯・空調装置
JP4969608B2 (ja) 空気調和機
US7028494B2 (en) Defrosting methodology for heat pump water heating system
CA2549943A1 (en) Method for refrigerant pressure control in refrigeration systems
EP3361184A1 (de) Kältekreislaufvorrichtung
JP2012013363A (ja) 空気調和機
EP3546850B1 (de) Kühlvorrichtung
JP4317793B2 (ja) 冷却システム
KR102082881B1 (ko) 냉난방 동시형 멀티 공기조화기
JP5404761B2 (ja) 冷凍装置
WO2013029687A1 (en) Refrigeration system and refrigeration method providing heat recovery
EP1800071A2 (de) Kühlsysteme
EP2318782B1 (de) Kühlkreislauf
US10816251B2 (en) Heat pump
JP2010281544A (ja) 空気調和機
JP2006275449A (ja) 蓄熱式空調装置
DK2496894T3 (en) COOLING SYSTEM AND PROCEDURE FOR COOLING SYSTEM OPERATION
JP2004205142A (ja) 冷凍空調装置およびその運転制御方法
KR20180069382A (ko) 공기조화기의 제어방법

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20110131

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA RS

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: KREN, CHRISTOPH

Inventor name: SIENEL, TOBIAS, H.

Inventor name: FINCKH, OLIVER

Inventor name: SCHREY, RAINER

Inventor name: HAFKEMEYER, MARKUS

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20170315

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20180727

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1087812

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20190115

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602009056653

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: TRGR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

Effective date: 20190415

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20190109

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NO

Ref legal event code: T2

Effective date: 20190109

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 1087812

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20190109

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190509

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190509

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190410

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190409

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602009056653

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20191010

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 602009056653

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NO

Ref legal event code: MMEP

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

Effective date: 20190731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: EUG

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20190702

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20190731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190731

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190702

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20200201

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190703

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190731

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190702

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190731

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190731

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190731

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20190702

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20090702

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20190109