EP2318713A1 - Reciprocating piston engine - Google Patents

Reciprocating piston engine

Info

Publication number
EP2318713A1
EP2318713A1 EP09777260A EP09777260A EP2318713A1 EP 2318713 A1 EP2318713 A1 EP 2318713A1 EP 09777260 A EP09777260 A EP 09777260A EP 09777260 A EP09777260 A EP 09777260A EP 2318713 A1 EP2318713 A1 EP 2318713A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
finger
suction
valve plate
reciprocating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP09777260A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Erich Kopp
Frank Sieber
Jan Hinrichs
Christian Heine
Michael Krug
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ixetic Bad Homburg GmbH
Original Assignee
Ixetic Mac GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ixetic Mac GmbH filed Critical Ixetic Mac GmbH
Publication of EP2318713A1 publication Critical patent/EP2318713A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B27/00—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
    • F04B27/08—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F04B27/10—Multi-cylinder pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
    • F04B27/1009—Distribution members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F04B39/1066—Valve plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F04B39/1073—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members the members being reed valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a reciprocating engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Reciprocating engines of the type discussed here are known. They are used for example as air conditioning compressors, in particular for regulating the passenger compartment temperature in motor vehicles.
  • the reciprocating piston machines discussed here may be axial piston machines or else radial-piston machines.
  • Such reciprocating engines have at least one piston which is displaceable in a cylinder bore provided in a cylinder block.
  • the reciprocating engines discussed here also have a valve device cooperating with the at least one piston.
  • the valve device has a valve plate and a valve, that is to say a suction and / or a pressure valve, which has at least one valve finger, in particular a number of valve fingers. With its underside, the suction valve and its valve fingers are supported on a contact surface of the valve plate.
  • a valve finger in each case covers a suction bore, which ensures a flow of refrigerant from a suction chamber into the cylinder bores receiving the piston.
  • the suction force of the piston Upon movement of the piston in the cylinder bore away from the valve means, the suction force of the piston must overcome the adhesive force of the valve finger on the valve plate, so that the valve finger finally lent from the valve plate and the suction hole is free, with refrigerant flows into the cylinder bore .
  • Some refrigerants require a reduction in the diameter of the suction hole, whereby the pressure force on the valve finger from the suction chamber side forth gets smaller and consequently a greater bond strength has to be overcome.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a reciprocating engine, in which a predetermined structure is simple and defined einbringbar.
  • a reciprocating engine with the features of claim 1 is proposed. It is characterized in that at least in a region in which the at least one valve finger rests on the valve plate, a structure in shape is provided by depressions and / or elevations in the valve finger and / or in the valve plate, and that the structure is produced by means of a laser process.
  • the advantageous introduction of the structures in the valve fingers and / or in the valve plate by means of a laser process the structure, in particular the depth of the wells and the height of the elevations and thus the roughness of the surface can be previously determined exactly and thus optimal surface properties in the contact area between the valve finger and valve plate are provided, which at least reduce the adhesion forces.
  • the depressions and elevations produced by the laser method can be produced quickly and inexpensively during the same laser process.
  • the laser process can be used to create defined structures of small size which can not be realized by means of conventional processes.
  • a reciprocating engine which is characterized in that immediately adjacent to each side of a recess a survey.
  • a structure formed is particularly easy to produce with a laser method, since only the power of the laser must be set correspondingly high, so that the material from the recess accumulates on the sides in the form of elevations.
  • a reciprocating engine which is characterized in that the structure is formed lattice-shaped. In this way, a relatively large-area structure can be generated defined with depressions and elevations.
  • a reciprocating engine which is characterized in that the structure has a plurality of punctiform depressions. The elevations are then preferably annular and arranged concentrically to the punctiform depressions. The distance between individual punctiform depressions or annular elevations can vary depending on the requirement.
  • an exemplary embodiment of a reciprocating piston engine is particularly preferred, which is characterized in that the structure is arranged at least in regions around an intake opening of the valve plate, which is temporarily closed by the valve finger. Especially in the area around the intake opening around it is crucial that the adhesive forces are overcome even at low intake forces. The arrangement of the structure in the area around the intake opening provides optimal conditions for this purpose.
  • an embodiment of a reciprocating piston engine is particularly preferred, which is characterized in that a structure-free annular area is provided immediately around the suction bore, in which the valve finger sealingly abuts against the valve plate. This prevents a short circuit between the suction chamber and the cylinder bore.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a valve device; 2 shows a section through the valve device according to FIG
  • FIG 3 shows a valve device with a structure according to the invention
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the structure according to
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a region of a valve device 1 of a reciprocating piston engine.
  • the valve device 1 has a valve plate 3 and a plate-shaped valve, here purely by way of example a suction valve 5. It is understood that the invention is equally applicable to a pressure valve.
  • the valve device 1 interacts with a displaceably mounted in a cylinder bore, not shown here piston. With a movement of the piston in the cylinder bore away from the valve device, suction forces arise which must overcome the adhesive force of at least one valve finger 7 on the valve plate 3 in order to release the valve finger 7 from the valve plate 3 and to release a suction bore, not shown here. Due to the manufacturing process, which preferably comprises a stamping process, the at least one valve finger 7 is preferably formed integrally with the suction valve 5.
  • the suction valve 5 preferably has a number of valve fingers 7, of which one is assigned to exactly one suction hole. Also, each valve finger 7 is associated with a piston stored in a cylinder bore.
  • the valve finger head 11 covers the suction bore 9, not shown here, which, in the opened state of the suction valve, when the valve finger head 11 does not cover the suction bore, ensures a fluid connection between a suction region and the cylinder bore.
  • the suction valve 5 and its number of valve fingers 7, of which only one is shown here, rests on a contact surface 13 of the valve plate 3.
  • a recess 15 in the suction valve 5 is provided around the valve finger 7.
  • an outlet bore 17 is further arranged in the valve plate 3, which creates a fluid connection between the cylinder bore and a pressure chamber separated from the suction region.
  • a not shown here pressure valve On the surface opposite the contact surface 13 of the valve plate 3 a not shown here pressure valve is arranged, which also has valve fingers which close the outlet hole 17.
  • the pressure valve not shown here When the piston moves toward the valve arrangement 1 in the cylinder bore, the pressure valve not shown here is pushed away from the surface of the valve plate 3 opposite the contact surface 13 by the pressure of the compressed refrigerant, so that a refrigerant flow can take place between the cylinder bore and the pressure chamber.
  • a plurality of grooves 19 are provided in the valve plate 3 illustrated in FIG. 1, which grooves reduce the bearing surface of the valve finger 7 on the contact surface 13.
  • the grooves 19 are provided in the region of the valve finger arm 9.
  • the groove 19 is elongate and extends in the valve plate 3 over the entire width of the Ventilfingerarms 9 and extends beyond the side edges 21 and 23 also.
  • the groove 19 provided in the valve plate 3 is thus in communication, on the one hand, with the cylinder bore adjoining the valve device 1 and is other rerind arranged between the valve finger 7 and the valve plate 3, or is covered by the valve finger 7.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through the valve device 1 according to FIG. 1.
  • the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals, so that reference is made to the description of FIG. 1 in order to avoid repetitions.
  • FIG. 2 shows the suction bore 25, which is covered by the valve finger head 11 of the valve finger and to which a suction chamber adjoins on the opposite side of the suction valve 5 from which refrigerant to be compressed is to pass through the suction bore 25 into the cylinder bore.
  • FIG. 2 again makes it clear that preferably at least one groove 19 is provided, which on the one hand communicates with the cylinder bore and, on the other hand, is covered in particular by the valve finger arm 9 of the valve finger 7.
  • the groove 19 is covered by the valve plate 3.
  • FIG. 3 shows a valve device with a structure 29 according to the invention. The same parts are provided with the same Bezägs Lake, so reference is made in this respect to the description of the preceding figures.
  • the valve finger 7 is only indicated in FIG.
  • the structure 29 is formed in FIG. 3 by way of example in a grid shape and arranged in regions around the suction bore 25 in the valve plate 3, which is temporarily closed by the valve finger 7. It is also conceivable that the suction bore 25 is almost completely surrounded by the structure 29. Preferably, a structure-free annular region is provided immediately around the suction bore 25, in which the valve finger 7 rests sealingly against the valve plate 3. Because the annular sealing region, which preferably completely surrounds the suction bore 25, a short circuit between the suction chamber and the cylinder bore is avoided. The valve finger head 11 is then preferably almost completely on the structure 29.
  • the structure 29 has punctiform depressions, to each of which an annular elevation is arranged concentrically.
  • a laser could thus edit the contact surface 13 of the valve plate 3 or the bottom 27 of a valve finger 7 punctiform. The displaced during the laser process from the recess material then forms the annular elevation.
  • a defined roughness can be generated overall, which avoids "sticking" of the valve finger 7 to the valve plate 3 or at least minimizes mized.
  • the roughness of the surface reduces the area in which the valve finger 7 and the valve plate 3 touch.
  • the structure 29 is introduced here purely by way of example in the contact surface 13 of the valve plate 3. It is also conceivable, however, to introduce the structure 29 into the underside of the valve finger 7 temporarily resting on the contact surface 13. The only thing that matters is that it is defined by means of a laser.
  • the structure 29 proposed here is produced by means of a laser process. As a result, particularly fine and defined structures can be realized, which can have almost any shape. In contrast to the known methods, the use of a laser method for producing the adhesion-reducing structures has the advantage that it is cost-effective, quick and precise to carry out.
  • the structure 29 extends beyond the region in which the valve finger 7 bears against the valve plate 3. As a result, the same positive effects of the grooves 19 can be achieved.
  • the structure 29 is provided exclusively or additionally in the valve finger 7, as already explained above.
  • the structure 29 may extend to the side edge 21 of the valve finger 7.
  • the structure 29 can also be arranged in the region of the valve finger arm 9 in the valve finger 7 or in the valve plate 3.
  • FIG. 4 shows an enlarged sectional view of the structure 29 according to FIG. 3 along the section line GG. Identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals, so that reference is made to the description of the preceding figures.
  • the sectional view according to FIG. 4 makes it clear that the structure 29 has depressions 31 and elevations 33 which extend below or over the contact surface 13 of the valve plate 3.
  • elevations 33 are provided on both sides of the depressions 31, which are formed by material which is displaced from the depressions 31 during the laser process.
  • the use of a laser method for producing an adhesion prevention structure makes it possible to realize an optimized, precisely defined structure which has a predetermined roughness, which in turn can be optimally adapted to any requirements.
  • the desired depth of the recesses 31 or the height of the elevations 33 and thus the desired roughness can be easily adjusted by the power of the laser, which otherwise has a suitable wavelength.
  • the focus of the laser light can also be adjusted so that very small structures can be created.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a reciprocating piston engine, particularly for motor vehicles, having - at least one piston displaceably supported in a cylinder bore and having - a valve device (1) acting together with the at least one piston, said valve device comprising a valve plate (3) and an intake valve (5) having a plurality of valve fingers (7).

Description

Hubkolbenmaschine reciprocating engine
Beschreibungdescription
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Hubkolbenmaschine gemäß Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a reciprocating engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
Hubkolbenmaschinen der hier angesprochenen Art sind bekannt. Sie werden beispielsweise als Klimakompressoren, insbesondere zur Regulierung der Fahrgastzellentemperatur in Kraftfahrzeugen eingesetzt. Bei den hier angesprochenen Hubkolbenmaschinen kann es sich um Axialkolbenmaschinen oder aber auch um Radialkolbenma- schinen handeln. Derartige Hubkolbenmaschinen weisen wenigstens einen Kolben auf, der in einer in einem Zylinderblock vorgesehenen Zylinderbohrung verlagerbar ist. Die hier angesprochenen Hubkolbenmaschinen weisen auch eine mit dem wenigstens einen Kolben zusammenwirkende Ventileinrichtung auf. Die Ventileinrichtung weist eine Ventilplatte und ein Ventil, also ein Saug- und/oder ein Druckventil auf, welches mindestens einen Ventilfinger, insbesondere eine Anzahl an Ventilfingern aufweist. Mit seiner Unterseite stützen sich das Saugventil und dessen Ventilfinger an einer Anlagefläche der Ventilplatte ab. Ein Ventilfinger deckt jeweils eine Saugbohrung ab, die einen Kältemittelfluss von einem Saugraum in die den Kolben aufnehmenden Zylinderbohrungen gewährleistet. Bei einer Bewegung des Kolbens in der Zylinderbohrung von der Ventileinrichtung weg, muss die Saugkraft des Kolbens die Haftkraft des Ventilfingers auf der Ventilplatte überwinden, sodass sich der Ventilfinger schließ- lieh von der Ventilplatte löst und die Saugbohrung frei gibt, wobei Kältemittel in die Zylinderbohrung strömt. Einige Kältemittel erfordern eine Verkleinerung des Durchmessers der Saugbohrung, wodurch der Druckkraft auf den Ventilfinger von der Saugraumseite aus her kleiner wird und folglich eine größere Haftkraft überwunden werden muss. Insbesondere bei solchen Hubkolbenmaschinen hat es sich gezeigt, dass die Saugkraft des Kolbens beziehungsweise der Saugdruck in der Zylinderbohrung häufig nicht ausreicht, um die Haftkraft des Ventilfingers an der Ventilplatte zu überwinden, also den Ventilfinger von der Ventilplatte zu lösen und damit die Saugbohrung frei zu geben. Die Hubkolbenmaschine weist dadurch schlechtere Starteigenschaften und einen verminderten Wirkungsgrad auf.Reciprocating engines of the type discussed here are known. They are used for example as air conditioning compressors, in particular for regulating the passenger compartment temperature in motor vehicles. The reciprocating piston machines discussed here may be axial piston machines or else radial-piston machines. Such reciprocating engines have at least one piston which is displaceable in a cylinder bore provided in a cylinder block. The reciprocating engines discussed here also have a valve device cooperating with the at least one piston. The valve device has a valve plate and a valve, that is to say a suction and / or a pressure valve, which has at least one valve finger, in particular a number of valve fingers. With its underside, the suction valve and its valve fingers are supported on a contact surface of the valve plate. A valve finger in each case covers a suction bore, which ensures a flow of refrigerant from a suction chamber into the cylinder bores receiving the piston. Upon movement of the piston in the cylinder bore away from the valve means, the suction force of the piston must overcome the adhesive force of the valve finger on the valve plate, so that the valve finger finally lent from the valve plate and the suction hole is free, with refrigerant flows into the cylinder bore , Some refrigerants require a reduction in the diameter of the suction hole, whereby the pressure force on the valve finger from the suction chamber side forth gets smaller and consequently a greater bond strength has to be overcome. In particular, in such reciprocating engines, it has been shown that the suction force of the piston or the suction pressure in the cylinder bore is often insufficient to overcome the adhesive force of the valve finger on the valve plate, so to release the valve finger of the valve plate and thus to give the suction hole , The reciprocating engine has thereby poorer starting properties and reduced efficiency.
Um die Haftkräfte leichter überwinden zu können, wird bei aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Hubkolbenmaschinen die Rauheit der Berührungsfläche zwischen den Ventilfingern und der Ventilplatte erhöht. Hierdurch wird die Berührungsfläche reduziert und damit auch die Adhäsionskräfte, die zwischen dem Ventilfinger und der Ventilplatte wirken. Die Rauheit der Oberfläche wird üblicherweise mittels Oberflächenbearbeitungsverfahren wie Sandstrahlen, Nadeln beziehungsweise Prägen oder mittels Ätzen erhöht. Ein Nachteil derartiger Verfahren ist, dass sie schlecht steuerbar sind und eine vorher exakt festgelegte Struktur zur Erzeugung einer bestimmten Rauheit der Oberfläche mit ihnen nicht realisierbar ist.In order to overcome the adhesive forces easier roughness of the contact surface between the valve fingers and the valve plate is increased in known from the prior art reciprocating engines. As a result, the contact surface is reduced and thus also the adhesion forces acting between the valve finger and the valve plate. The roughness of the surface is usually increased by means of surface treatment methods such as sandblasting, needling or embossing or by etching. A disadvantage of such methods is that they are difficult to control and a previously exactly defined structure for producing a certain roughness of the surface is not feasible with them.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Hubkolbenmaschine zu schaffen, bei der eine vorher festgelegte Struktur einfach und definiert einbringbar ist.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a reciprocating engine, in which a predetermined structure is simple and defined einbringbar.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird eine Hubkolbenmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 vorgeschlagen. Sie zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass zumindest in einem Bereich, in dem der mindestens eine Ventilfinger auf der Ventilplatte aufliegt, eine Struktur in Form von Vertiefungen und/oder Erhebungen in dem Ventilfinger und/oder in der Ventilplatte vorgesehen ist, und dass die Struktur mittels eines Laserverfahrens hergestellt ist. Durch die vorteilhafte Einbringung der Strukturen in die Ventilfinger und/oder in die Ventilplatte mittels eines Laserverfahrens kann die Struktur, insbesondere die Tiefe der Vertiefungen und die Höhe der Erhebungen und damit die Rauheit der Oberfläche vorher exakt bestimmt werden und somit optimale Oberflächeneigenschaften im Berührungsbereich zwischen Ventilfinger und Ventilplatte geschaffen werden, welche die Adhäsionskräfte zumindest vermindern. Die durch das Laserverfahren hergestellten Vertiefungen und Erhebungen sind im Übrigen während desselben Laserverfahrens schnell und kostengünstig herstellbar. Durch das Laserverfahren können darüber hinaus definierte Strukturen von geringer Größe geschaffen werden, die mittels herkömmlicher Verfah- ren nicht realisierbar sind.To solve this problem, a reciprocating engine with the features of claim 1 is proposed. It is characterized in that at least in a region in which the at least one valve finger rests on the valve plate, a structure in shape is provided by depressions and / or elevations in the valve finger and / or in the valve plate, and that the structure is produced by means of a laser process. The advantageous introduction of the structures in the valve fingers and / or in the valve plate by means of a laser process, the structure, in particular the depth of the wells and the height of the elevations and thus the roughness of the surface can be previously determined exactly and thus optimal surface properties in the contact area between the valve finger and valve plate are provided, which at least reduce the adhesion forces. Incidentally, the depressions and elevations produced by the laser method can be produced quickly and inexpensively during the same laser process. In addition, the laser process can be used to create defined structures of small size which can not be realized by means of conventional processes.
Besonders bevorzugt wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Hubkolbenmaschine, das sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass sich zu jeder Seite einer Vertiefung unmittelbar eine Erhebung anschließt. Eine derartig ausgebildete Struktur ist mit einem Laserverfahren besonders einfach herstellbar, da lediglich die Leistung des Lasers entsprechend hoch eingestellt werden muss, sodass sich das Material aus der Vertiefung an deren Seiten in Form von Erhebungen ansammelt.Particularly preferred is an embodiment of a reciprocating engine, which is characterized in that immediately adjacent to each side of a recess a survey. Such a structure formed is particularly easy to produce with a laser method, since only the power of the laser must be set correspondingly high, so that the material from the recess accumulates on the sides in the form of elevations.
Besonders bevorzugt wird auch ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Hubkolbenmaschine, das sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass die Struktur gitterförmig ausgebildet ist. Auf diese Weise kann eine relativ großflächige Struktur mit Vertiefungen und Erhebungen definiert erzeugt werden. Besonders bevorzugt wird noch ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Hubkolbenmaschine, das sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass die Struktur mehrere punktförmige Vertiefungen aufweist. Die Erhebungen sind dann vorzugsweise ringförmig ausgebildet und konzentrisch zu den punktförmigen Vertiefungen angeordnet. Der Abstand einzelner punktförmiger Vertiefungen beziehungsweise ringförmiger Erhebungen kann dabei je nach Anforderung variieren.Particularly preferred is also an embodiment of a reciprocating engine, which is characterized in that the structure is formed lattice-shaped. In this way, a relatively large-area structure can be generated defined with depressions and elevations. Particularly preferred is still another embodiment of a reciprocating engine, which is characterized in that the structure has a plurality of punctiform depressions. The elevations are then preferably annular and arranged concentrically to the punctiform depressions. The distance between individual punctiform depressions or annular elevations can vary depending on the requirement.
Besonders bevorzugt wird außerdem ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Hubkolbenmaschine, das sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass die Struk- tur zumindest bereichsweise um eine Ansaugöffnung der Ventilplatte herum angeordnet ist, die von dem Ventilfinger zeitweise verschlossen wird. Gerade im Bereich um die Ansaugöffnung herum ist es entscheidend, dass die Haftkräfte schon bei kleinen Ansaugkräften überwunden werden. Die Anordnung der Struktur im Bereich um die Ansaugöffnung herum liefert hierfür optimale Voraussetzungen.In addition, an exemplary embodiment of a reciprocating piston engine is particularly preferred, which is characterized in that the structure is arranged at least in regions around an intake opening of the valve plate, which is temporarily closed by the valve finger. Especially in the area around the intake opening around it is crucial that the adhesive forces are overcome even at low intake forces. The arrangement of the structure in the area around the intake opening provides optimal conditions for this purpose.
Besonders bevorzugt wird schließlich ein Ausführungsbeispiel einer Hubkolbenmaschine, das sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass unmittelbar um die Saugbohrung herum ein strukturfreier ringförmiger Bereich vorgesehen ist, in dem der Ventilfinger dichtend an der Ventil- platte anliegt. Dadurch wird verhindert, dass ein Kurzschluss zwischen dem Saugraum und der Zylinderbohrung entsteht.Finally, an embodiment of a reciprocating piston engine is particularly preferred, which is characterized in that a structure-free annular area is provided immediately around the suction bore, in which the valve finger sealingly abuts against the valve plate. This prevents a short circuit between the suction chamber and the cylinder bore.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Figur 1 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Bereichs einer Ventileinrichtung; Figur 2 einen Schnitt durch die Ventileinrichtung gemäß FigurFigure 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a valve device; 2 shows a section through the valve device according to FIG
1 ;1 ;
Figur 3 eine Ventileinrichtung mit einer Struktur gemäß der Erfindung, und3 shows a valve device with a structure according to the invention, and
Figur 4 eine vergrößerte Schnittdarstellung der Struktur gemäßFigure 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the structure according to
Figur 3 entlang der Schnittlinie G-G.Figure 3 along the section line G-G.
Figur 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Bereichs einer Ventileinrichtung 1 einer Hubkolbenmaschine. Die Ventileinrichtung 1 weist eine Ventilplatte 3 und ein plattenförmiges Ventil, hier rein beispielhaft ein Saugventil 5 auf. Es versteht sich, dass die Erfindung gleichermaßen für ein Druckventil anwendbar ist.FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a region of a valve device 1 of a reciprocating piston engine. The valve device 1 has a valve plate 3 and a plate-shaped valve, here purely by way of example a suction valve 5. It is understood that the invention is equally applicable to a pressure valve.
Die Ventileinrichtung 1 wirkt mit einem in einer Zylinderbohrung verschiebbar gelagerten, hier nicht dargestellten Kolben zusammen. Bei einer Bewegung des Kolbens in der Zylinderbohrung von der Ventil- einrichtung weg entstehen Saugkräfte, welche die Haftkraft mindestens eines Ventilfingers 7 an der Ventilplatte 3 überwinden müssen, um den Ventilfinger 7 von der Ventilplatte 3 zu lösen und eine hier nicht dargestellte Saugbohrung freizugeben. Bedingt durch den Her- stellungsprozess, der vorzugsweise einen Stanzprozess umfasst, ist der mindestens eine Ventilfinger 7 vorzugsweise einstückig mit dem Saugventil 5 ausgebildet.The valve device 1 interacts with a displaceably mounted in a cylinder bore, not shown here piston. With a movement of the piston in the cylinder bore away from the valve device, suction forces arise which must overcome the adhesive force of at least one valve finger 7 on the valve plate 3 in order to release the valve finger 7 from the valve plate 3 and to release a suction bore, not shown here. Due to the manufacturing process, which preferably comprises a stamping process, the at least one valve finger 7 is preferably formed integrally with the suction valve 5.
Das Saugventil 5 weist vorzugsweise eine Anzahl an Ventilfingern 7 auf, von denen jeweils einer genau einer Saugbohrung zugeordnet ist. Auch ist jedem Ventilfinger 7 ein in einer Zylinderbohrung gela- gerter Kolben zugeordnet. Der Ventilfinger 7 umfasst einen Ventilfingerarm 9 und einen Ventilfingerkopf 11. Der Ventilfingerkopf 11 deckt die hier nicht dargestellte Saugbohrung ab, die in geöffnetem Zustand des Saugventils, wenn der Ventilfingerkopf 11 die Saugbohrung also nicht abdeckt, eine Fluidverbindung zwischen einem Saugbereich und der Zylinderbohrung gewährleistet. Das Saugventil 5 und dessen Anzahl an Ventilfingern 7, von denen hier lediglich einer dargestellt ist, liegt auf einer Anlagefläche 13 der Ventilplatte 3 auf.The suction valve 5 preferably has a number of valve fingers 7, of which one is assigned to exactly one suction hole. Also, each valve finger 7 is associated with a piston stored in a cylinder bore. The valve finger head 11 covers the suction bore 9, not shown here, which, in the opened state of the suction valve, when the valve finger head 11 does not cover the suction bore, ensures a fluid connection between a suction region and the cylinder bore. The suction valve 5 and its number of valve fingers 7, of which only one is shown here, rests on a contact surface 13 of the valve plate 3.
Damit sich der Ventilfinger 7 unabhängig von dem übrigen Saugven- til 5 frei bewegen kann, ist um den Ventilfinger 7 herum eine Ausnehmung 15 in dem Saugventil 5 vorgesehen. In dem Bereich der Ausnehmung 15 ist ferner eine Auslassbohrung 17 in der Ventilplatte 3 angeordnet, die eine Fluidverbindung zwischen der Zylinderbohrung und einem von dem Saugbereich abgetrennten Druckraum schafft.In order for the valve finger 7 to move freely independently of the remaining suction valve 5, a recess 15 in the suction valve 5 is provided around the valve finger 7. In the region of the recess 15, an outlet bore 17 is further arranged in the valve plate 3, which creates a fluid connection between the cylinder bore and a pressure chamber separated from the suction region.
Auf der der Anlagefläche 13 gegenüberliegenden Fläche der Ventilplatte 3 ist ein hier nicht dargestelltes Druckventil angeordnet, welches ebenfalls Ventilfinger aufweist, die die Auslassbohrung 17 verschließen. Wenn sich der Kolben in der Zylinderbohrung auf die Ventilanordnung 1 zu bewegt, wird das hier nicht dargestellte Druckventil durch den Druck des verdichteten Kältemittels von der der Anlagefläche 13 gegenüberliegenden Fläche der Ventilplatte 3 weggedrückt, sodass ein Kältemittelfluss zwischen der Zylinderbohrung und dem Druckraum stattfinden kann.On the surface opposite the contact surface 13 of the valve plate 3 a not shown here pressure valve is arranged, which also has valve fingers which close the outlet hole 17. When the piston moves toward the valve arrangement 1 in the cylinder bore, the pressure valve not shown here is pushed away from the surface of the valve plate 3 opposite the contact surface 13 by the pressure of the compressed refrigerant, so that a refrigerant flow can take place between the cylinder bore and the pressure chamber.
Wie oben bereits ausgeführt wurde, müssen zur Öffnung des Saugventils 5, also zum Abheben des Ventilfingers 7 von der nicht dargestellten Saugbohrung unter dem Ventilfingerkopf 11 , Haftkräfte überwunden werden, welche zwischen dem Ventilfinger 7 und der Anlagefläche 13 der Ventilplatte 3 herrschen. Die Haftkraft zwischen dem Ventilfinger 7 und der Anlagefläche 13 ist umso größer, je größer die Auflagefläche des Ventilfingers 7 auf der Ventilplatte 3 ist. Unter Auflagefläche ist dabei die Summe der Bereiche zu verstehen, in denen sich der Ventilfinger 7 und die Ventilplatte 3 berühren.As has already been explained above, to open the suction valve 5, that is to say to lift off the valve finger 7 from the suction bore (not shown) under the valve finger head 11, adhesive forces must be achieved be overcome, which prevail between the valve finger 7 and the contact surface 13 of the valve plate 3. The adhesive force between the valve finger 7 and the contact surface 13 is greater, the larger the bearing surface of the valve finger 7 on the valve plate 3. Under support surface is to be understood the sum of the areas in which touch the valve finger 7 and the valve plate 3.
Bei bestimmten, insbesondere gasförmigen Kältemitteln ist es erforderlich, die Saugbohrung mit einem kleineren Durchmesser zu versehen. Dadurch verringert sich die auf die hier nicht erkennbare Un- terseite des Ventilfingers 7 wirkende Kraft durch das in dem Saugraum vorhandene Kältemittel. Entsprechend vergrößert sich die Haftkraft zwischen dem Ventilfinger 7 und der Anlagefläche 13, die durch die Saugkraft des Kolbens überwunden werden muss.In certain, especially gaseous refrigerants, it is necessary to provide the suction hole with a smaller diameter. As a result, the force acting on the underside of the valve finger 7, which is not recognizable here, is reduced by the refrigerant present in the suction space. Accordingly, the adhesive force between the valve finger 7 and the contact surface 13, which must be overcome by the suction force of the piston increases.
Zur Verbesserung der Starteigenschaften sind in der in Figur 1 ab- gebildeten Ventilplatte 3 mehrere Nuten 19 vorgesehen, welche die Auflagefläche des Ventilfingers 7 auf der Anlagefläche 13 verringern. Vorzugsweise sind die Nuten 19 im Bereich des Ventilfingerarms 9 vorgesehen. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, Nuten 19 im Bereich des Ventilfingerkopfs 11 anzuordnen. Entscheidend ist dabei, dass die Nuten 19 nicht mit der hier nicht erkennbaren Saugbohrung in Verbindung stehen, da sich sonst ein Kurzschluss zwischen dem Saugraum und der Zylinderbohrung ergeben würde.To improve the starting properties, a plurality of grooves 19 are provided in the valve plate 3 illustrated in FIG. 1, which grooves reduce the bearing surface of the valve finger 7 on the contact surface 13. Preferably, the grooves 19 are provided in the region of the valve finger arm 9. However, it is also conceivable to arrange grooves 19 in the region of the valve finger head 11. It is crucial that the grooves 19 are not in communication with the suction hole not visible here, otherwise a short circuit between the suction chamber and the cylinder bore would result.
Die Nut 19 ist länglich ausgeführt und erstreckt sich in der Ventilplatte 3 über die gesamte Breite des Ventilfingerarms 9 und reicht über dessen Seitenränder 21 und 23 hinaus. Die in der Ventilplatte 3 vorgesehene Nut 19 steht so einerseits mit der sich an die Ventileinrichtung 1 anschließenden Zylinderbohrung in Verbindung und ist ande- rerseits zwischen dem Ventilfinger 7 und der Ventilplatte 3 angeordnet, beziehungsweise wird von dem Ventilfinger 7 abgedeckt.The groove 19 is elongate and extends in the valve plate 3 over the entire width of the Ventilfingerarms 9 and extends beyond the side edges 21 and 23 also. The groove 19 provided in the valve plate 3 is thus in communication, on the one hand, with the cylinder bore adjoining the valve device 1 and is other rerseits arranged between the valve finger 7 and the valve plate 3, or is covered by the valve finger 7.
Über die Nuten 19 kann somit leichter Kältemittel aus dem Saugraum gelangen, welches die Unterseite des Ventilfingers 7, also die auf der Anlagefläche 13 aufliegende Seite des Ventilfingers 7 quasi unterströmt. Einerseits durch die Unterströmung und andererseits durch die geringere Auflagefläche des Ventilfingers 7 auf der Anlagefläche 13 der Ventilplatte 3 sind so geringere Haftkräfte zu überwinden, die zwischen dem Ventilfinger 7 und der Ventilplatte 3 herr- sehen. Das Startverhalten und der Wirkungsgrad der Hubkolbenmaschine werden dadurch wesentlich verbessert.Via the grooves 19, it is thus easier for the refrigerant to pass out of the suction space, which flows under the underside of the valve finger 7, that is to say, the side of the valve finger 7 resting on the contact surface 13. On the one hand by the undercurrent and on the other hand by the smaller contact surface of the valve finger 7 on the contact surface 13 of the valve plate 3 so lower adhesive forces are to be overcome, the gent see between the valve finger 7 and the valve plate 3. The starting behavior and the efficiency of the reciprocating engine are thereby significantly improved.
Figur 2 zeigt einen Schnitt durch die Ventileinrichtung 1 gemäß Figur 1. Gleiche Teile sind mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen, sodass insofern auf die Beschreibung zu Figur 1 verwiesen wird, um Wie- derholungen zu vermeiden.FIG. 2 shows a section through the valve device 1 according to FIG. 1. The same parts are provided with the same reference numerals, so that reference is made to the description of FIG. 1 in order to avoid repetitions.
In Figur 2 erkennbar ist die Saugbohrung 25, die von dem Ventilfingerkopf 11 des Ventilfingers abgedeckt wird und an die sich auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite des Saugventils 5 ein Saugraum anschließt, aus dem zu verdichtendes Kältemittel durch die Saugboh- rung 25 in die Zylinderbohrung gelangen soll.FIG. 2 shows the suction bore 25, which is covered by the valve finger head 11 of the valve finger and to which a suction chamber adjoins on the opposite side of the suction valve 5 from which refrigerant to be compressed is to pass through the suction bore 25 into the cylinder bore.
Figur 2 macht noch einmal deutlich, dass vorzugsweise mindestens eine Nut 19 vorgesehen ist, die einerseits mit der Zylinderbohrung in Verbindung steht und andererseits insbesondere von dem Ventilfingerarm 9 des Ventilfingers 7 abgedeckt ist. Für den Fall, dass sich Nuten 19 in der Unterseite 27 des Ventilfingers 7 befinden, wird die Nut 19 von der Ventilplatte 3 abgedeckt. Figur 3 zeigt eine Ventileinrichtung mit einer Struktur 29 gemäß der Erfindung. Gleiche Teile sind mit gleichen Bezυgszeichen versehen, sodass insofern auf die Beschreibung zu den vorangegangenen Figuren verwiesen wird. Der Ventilfinger 7 ist in Figur 3 lediglich ange- deutet.FIG. 2 again makes it clear that preferably at least one groove 19 is provided, which on the one hand communicates with the cylinder bore and, on the other hand, is covered in particular by the valve finger arm 9 of the valve finger 7. In the event that grooves 19 are located in the bottom 27 of the valve finger 7, the groove 19 is covered by the valve plate 3. FIG. 3 shows a valve device with a structure 29 according to the invention. The same parts are provided with the same Bezägszeichen, so reference is made in this respect to the description of the preceding figures. The valve finger 7 is only indicated in FIG.
Die Struktur 29 ist in Figur 3 rein beispielhaft gitterförmig ausgebildet und bereichsweise um die Saugbohrung 25 herum in der Ventilplatte 3 angeordnet, die von dem Ventilfinger 7 zeitweise verschlossen wird. Denkbar ist es auch, dass die Saugbohrung 25 fast vollständig von der Struktur 29 umgeben ist. Vorzugsweise ist unmittelbar um die Saugbohrung 25 herum ein strukturfreier ringförmiger Bereich vorgesehen ist, in dem der Ventilfinger 7 dichtend an der Ventilplatte 3 anliegt. Dadurch, dass der ringförmige dichtende Bereich, der die Saugbohrung 25 vorzugsweise vollständig umgibt, wird ein Kurz- Schluss zwischen dem Saugraum und der Zylinderbohrung vermieden. Der Ventilfingerkopf 11 liegt dann vorzugsweise fast vollständig auf der Struktur 29 auf.The structure 29 is formed in FIG. 3 by way of example in a grid shape and arranged in regions around the suction bore 25 in the valve plate 3, which is temporarily closed by the valve finger 7. It is also conceivable that the suction bore 25 is almost completely surrounded by the structure 29. Preferably, a structure-free annular region is provided immediately around the suction bore 25, in which the valve finger 7 rests sealingly against the valve plate 3. Because the annular sealing region, which preferably completely surrounds the suction bore 25, a short circuit between the suction chamber and the cylinder bore is avoided. The valve finger head 11 is then preferably almost completely on the structure 29.
Denkbar ist es darüber hinaus auch, dass die Struktur 29 punktförmige Vertiefungen aufweist, zu der jeweils eine ringförmige Erhe- bung konzentrisch angeordnet ist. Ein Laser könnte somit die Anlagefläche 13 der Ventilplatte 3 oder die Unterseite 27 eines Ventilfingers 7 punktförmig bearbeiten. Das während des Laserprozesses aus der Vertiefung verdrängte Material bildet dann die ringförmige Erhebung.It is also conceivable, moreover, that the structure 29 has punctiform depressions, to each of which an annular elevation is arranged concentrically. A laser could thus edit the contact surface 13 of the valve plate 3 or the bottom 27 of a valve finger 7 punctiform. The displaced during the laser process from the recess material then forms the annular elevation.
Durch die mittels eines Lasers eingebrachte Struktur 29 lässt sich insgesamt eine definierte Rauheit erzeugen, welche ein „Kleben" des Ventilfingers 7 an der Ventilplatte 3 vermeidet oder zumindest mini- miert. Durch die Rauheit der Oberfläche wird die Fläche reduziert, in der sich der Ventilfinger 7 und die Ventilplatte 3 berühren. Die Struktur 29 ist hier rein beispielhaft in die Anlagefläche 13 der Ventilplatte 3 eingebracht. Denkbar ist es jedoch auch, die Struktur 29 in die auf der Anlagefläche 13 zeitweise aufliegende Unterseite des Ventilfingers 7 einzubringen. Entscheidend ist lediglich, dass sie definiert mittels eines Lasers hergestellt wird.As a result of the structure 29 introduced by means of a laser, a defined roughness can be generated overall, which avoids "sticking" of the valve finger 7 to the valve plate 3 or at least minimizes mized. The roughness of the surface reduces the area in which the valve finger 7 and the valve plate 3 touch. The structure 29 is introduced here purely by way of example in the contact surface 13 of the valve plate 3. It is also conceivable, however, to introduce the structure 29 into the underside of the valve finger 7 temporarily resting on the contact surface 13. The only thing that matters is that it is defined by means of a laser.
Die hier vorgeschlagene Struktur 29 wird mittels eines Laserverfahrens erzeugt. Dadurch sind besonders feine und definierte Struktu- ren realisierbar, die nahezu jede Form aufweisen können. Im Gegensatz zu den bekannten Verfahren weist die Verwendung eines Laserverfahrens zur Erzeugung der Haftminderungsstrukturen den Vorteil auf, dass es kostengünstig, schnell und präzise durchführbar ist.The structure 29 proposed here is produced by means of a laser process. As a result, particularly fine and defined structures can be realized, which can have almost any shape. In contrast to the known methods, the use of a laser method for producing the adhesion-reducing structures has the advantage that it is cost-effective, quick and precise to carry out.
Es kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass sich die Struktur 29 über den Bereich hinaus erstreckt, in welchem der Ventilfinger 7 an der Ventilplatte 3 anliegt. Hierdurch können dieselben positiven Effekte der Nuten 19 erzielt werden.It can also be provided that the structure 29 extends beyond the region in which the valve finger 7 bears against the valve plate 3. As a result, the same positive effects of the grooves 19 can be achieved.
Auch kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Struktur 29 ausschließlich oder auch zusätzlich in dem Ventilfinger 7 vorgesehen ist, wie oben bereits erläutert wurde. In diesem Fall kann sich die Struktur 29 bis an den Seitenrand 21 des Ventilfingers 7 erstrecken. Selbstverständlich kann die Struktur 29 auch im Bereich des Ventilfingerarms 9 in dem Ventilfinger 7 oder in der Ventilplatte 3 angeordnet sein.It can also be provided that the structure 29 is provided exclusively or additionally in the valve finger 7, as already explained above. In this case, the structure 29 may extend to the side edge 21 of the valve finger 7. Of course, the structure 29 can also be arranged in the region of the valve finger arm 9 in the valve finger 7 or in the valve plate 3.
Im Folgenden wird auf die mittels eines Lasers erzeugte Struktur 29 anhand von Figur 4 näher eingegangen. Figur 4 zeigt eine vergrößerte Schnittdarstellung der Struktur 29 gemäß Figur 3 entlang der Schnittlinie G-G. Gleiche Teile sind mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen, sodass insofern auf die Beschreibung zu den vorangegangenen Figuren verwiesen wird.In the following, the structure 29 produced by means of a laser will be discussed in more detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 shows an enlarged sectional view of the structure 29 according to FIG. 3 along the section line GG. Identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals, so that reference is made to the description of the preceding figures.
Die Schnittansicht gemäß Figur 4 macht deutlich, dass die Struktur 29 Vertiefungen 31 und Erhebungen 33 aufweist, die sich unter, beziehungsweise über die Anlagefläche 13 der Ventilplatte 3 erstrecken. In der in Figur 4 gezeigten Struktur 29 sind zu beiden Seiten der Vertiefungen 31 Erhebungen 33 vorgesehen, die durch Material gebildet werden, welches während des Laserprozesses aus den Vertiefungen 31 verdrängt wird.The sectional view according to FIG. 4 makes it clear that the structure 29 has depressions 31 and elevations 33 which extend below or over the contact surface 13 of the valve plate 3. In the structure 29 shown in FIG. 4, elevations 33 are provided on both sides of the depressions 31, which are formed by material which is displaced from the depressions 31 during the laser process.
Insgesamt zeigt sich, dass die Verwendung eines Laserverfahrens für die Einbringung einer Struktur 29, die Vertiefungen 31 und Erhebungen 33 aufweist, besonders gut geeignet ist. Auf diese Weise lassen sich kostengünstig und schnell beliebig definierte Strukturen und damit eine definierte Oberflächenrauheit schaffen, die präzise in die Anlagefläche 13 der Ventilplatte 3 und/oder in die Unterseite eines Ventilfingers 7 eingebracht werden können.Overall, it turns out that the use of a laser method for the introduction of a structure 29, the recesses 31 and elevations 33 has, is particularly well suited. In this way, arbitrarily defined structures and thus a defined surface roughness can be created cost-effectively and quickly, which can be introduced precisely into the contact surface 13 of the valve plate 3 and / or into the underside of a valve finger 7.
Die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Verfahren zur Einbrin- gung von rauen Strukturen in eine Oberfläche ermöglichen lediglich eine Undefinierte Einbringung von Strukturen, die durch willkürliche, das heißt nicht kontrollierbare chemische beziehungsweise physikalische Materialbearbeitungsverfahren, wie beispielsweise Ätz- oder Sandstrahlprozesse erzeugt werden. Es ist also bei diesen Verfah- ren nicht möglich, vorher exakt festzulegen, welche Struktur erzeugt werden soll, um die optimale Rauheit zur Verminderung der Adhäsi- onskräfte zwischen dem Ventilfinger 7 und der Ventilplatte 3 zu erzeugen.The methods known from the prior art for introducing rough structures into a surface only allow undefined introduction of structures that are produced by arbitrary, that is to say uncontrollable, chemical or physical material processing methods, such as, for example, etching or sandblasting processes. It is therefore not possible with these methods to determine beforehand exactly which structure is to be produced in order to obtain the optimum roughness for reducing the adhesion. onskräfte between the valve finger 7 and the valve plate 3 to produce.
Der Einsatz eines Laserverfahrens zur Erzeugung einer Haftverhinderungsstruktur ermöglicht hingegen die Realisierung einer optimier- ten, exakt definierten Struktur, die eine vorher festgelegte Rauheit aufweist, die wiederum an jegliche Anforderungen optimal angepasst werden kann.On the other hand, the use of a laser method for producing an adhesion prevention structure makes it possible to realize an optimized, precisely defined structure which has a predetermined roughness, which in turn can be optimally adapted to any requirements.
Die gewünschte Tiefe der Vertiefungen 31 beziehungsweise die Höhe der Erhebungen 33 und damit die gewünschte Rauheit, können einfach über die Leistung des Lasers, welcher im Übrigen eine geeignete Wellenlänge aufweist, entsprechend angepasst werden. Der Brennpunkt des Laserlichts kann darüber hinaus derart eingestellt werden, dass sehr kleine Strukturen geschaffen werden können.The desired depth of the recesses 31 or the height of the elevations 33 and thus the desired roughness, can be easily adjusted by the power of the laser, which otherwise has a suitable wavelength. The focus of the laser light can also be adjusted so that very small structures can be created.
Es zeigt sich, dass die Verwendung eines Laserverfahrens zur Rea- lisierung von Haftminderungsstrukturen in der Ventilplatte 3 und/oder in dem Ventilfinger 7 besonders vorteilhaft ist.It turns out that the use of a laser method for realizing adhesion-reducing structures in the valve plate 3 and / or in the valve finger 7 is particularly advantageous.
Es versteht sich, dass die vorliegende Erfindung in analoger Weise für vergleichbare Ventilanwendungen in anderen Fluidmaschinen, insbesondere Hydraulik- und Pneumatikmaschinen, eingesetzt wer- den kann. BezugszeichenlisteIt is understood that the present invention can be used in an analogous manner for comparable valve applications in other fluid machines, in particular hydraulic and pneumatic machines. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
1 Ventileinrichtung1 valve device
3 Ventilplatte3 valve plate
5 Saugventil 7 Ventilfinger5 Suction valve 7 valve finger
9 Ventilfingerarm9 valve finger arm
11 Ventilfingerkopf11 valve finger head
13 Anlagefläche13 contact surface
15 Ausnehmung 17 Auslassbohrung15 recess 17 outlet hole
19 Nut19 groove
21 Seitenwand21 sidewall
23 Seitenwand23 side wall
25 Saugbohrung 27 Unterseite25 suction bore 27 underside
29 Struktur29 structure
31 Vertiefung31 deepening
33 Erhebung 33 survey

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Hubkolbenmaschine, insbesondere Klimakompressor für Kraftfahrzeuge, mit1. Reciprocating engine, in particular air conditioning compressor for motor vehicles, with
- wenigstens einem in einer Zylinderbohrung verschiebbar ge- lagerten Kolben und mitat least one piston displaceably mounted in a cylinder bore and with
- einer mit dem wenigstens einen Kolben zusammenwirkenden Ventileinrichtung (1), die eine Ventilplatte (3) und ein mit mindestens einem Ventilfinger (7) versehenes Ventil (Saugventil (5)) aufweist,a valve device (1) cooperating with the at least one piston and having a valve plate (3) and a valve (suction valve (5)) provided with at least one valve finger (7),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dasscharacterized in that
- zumindest in einem Bereich, in dem der mindestens eine Ventilfinger (7) auf der Ventilplatte (3) aufliegt, eine Struktur (29) in Form von Vertiefungen (31) und/oder Erhebungen (33) in der Ventilplatte (3) und/oder in dem Ventilfinger (7) vorgesehen ist, und dass- At least in a region in which the at least one valve finger (7) rests on the valve plate (3), a structure (29) in the form of recesses (31) and / or elevations (33) in the valve plate (3) and / or in the valve finger (7) is provided, and that
- die Struktur (29) mittels eines Laserverfahrens hergestellt ist.- The structure (29) is made by a laser process.
2. Hubkolbenmaschine nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich zu jeder Seite einer Vertiefung (31) unmittelbar eine Erhebung (33) anschließt.2. A reciprocating engine according to claim 1, characterized in that immediately adjacent to each side of a recess (31) a survey (33).
3. Hubkolbenmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Struktur (29) git- terförmig ausgebildet ist. 3. Reciprocating piston engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the structure (29) is formed lattice-shaped.
4. Hubkolbenmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Struktur (29) mehrere punktförmige Vertiefungen aufweist.4. Reciprocating piston engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the structure (29) has a plurality of punctiform depressions.
5. Hubkolbenmaschine nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekenn- zeichnet, dass ringförmige Erhebungen vorgesehen sind, die konzentrisch zu den punktförmigen Vertiefungen angeordnet sind.5. A reciprocating engine according to claim 6, characterized in that annular elevations are provided, which are arranged concentrically to the punctiform depressions.
6. Hubkolbenmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Struktur (29) zumindest bereichsweise um eine Saugbohrung (25) der Ventilplatte herum angeordnet ist, die von dem Ventilfinger (7) zeitweise verschlossen wird.6. Reciprocating piston engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the structure (29) at least partially around a suction bore (25) of the valve plate is arranged around, which is temporarily closed by the valve finger (7).
7. Hubkolbenmaschine nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass unmittelbar um die Saugbohrung (25) herum ein strukturfreier ringförmiger Bereich vorgesehen ist, in dem der Ventilfinger (7) dichtend an der Ventilplatte (3) anliegt. 7. A reciprocating engine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that immediately around the suction bore (25) around a structure-free annular region is provided, in which the valve finger (7) sealingly against the valve plate (3).
EP09777260A 2008-08-21 2009-07-17 Reciprocating piston engine Ceased EP2318713A1 (en)

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EP2183482A1 (en) * 2007-08-25 2010-05-12 Ixetic Mac Gmbh Reciprocating piston machine
CN115045819A (en) * 2021-03-09 2022-09-13 青岛海尔电冰箱有限公司 Valve plate assembly and compressor

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US20110126701A1 (en) 2011-06-02
DE112009001704B4 (en) 2024-08-01
DE112009001704A5 (en) 2011-09-29
WO2010020318A1 (en) 2010-02-25
JP2012500355A (en) 2012-01-05

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