EP2315880B1

EP2315880B1 - Self closing flood barrier and method for protecting a hinterland using same

Info

Publication number: EP2315880B1
Application number: EP09746799.7A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Van Den Johann Heinrich Reindert Noort
Original assignee: VAN DEN NOORT INNOVATIONS BV
Current assignee: VAN DEN NOORT INNOVATIONS BV
Priority date: 2008-05-13
Filing date: 2009-04-02
Publication date: 2015-12-16
Anticipated expiration: 2029-04-02
Also published as: MX341123B; NL1035546C2; MX2010012365A; AU2009247029A1; EP2315880A1; JP2011521126A; CN102099530B; PL2315880T3; CN102099530A; WO2009139622A1; ES2565220T3; US20110110722A1; DK2315880T3; JP5702276B2

Description

The invention relates tc a self closing flood barrier and a method for protecting a hinterland against floods by means of such a self closing flood barrier.
Self closing flood barriers are known in which a dam wall is forced upwards out of a chamber whenever the chamber fills up with water. Such a flood barrier may be installed in for example a dike at a river side. The flood barrier automatically rises in the event of a flood, thereby protecting the hinterland. As compared to conventional flood barriers, moveable flood barriers, also referred to as moveable dams, offer the advantage that they constitute a dam only then when it is really necessary. In a normal situation, the dam is underground and invisible for the environment.
A moveable dam may comprise a vertical retaining wall which at its lowest side provided with a buoyant body housed in the chamber. The buoyant body forces the retaining wall out of the chamber through an opening at the top of the chamber. The buoyant body may also function as a blocking element in order to limit the upward movement of the retaining wall. In that case the buoyant body will be thicker than the upper opening of the chamber and is thereby prohibited to leave the chamber.
Publication EP 1950352 A2 discloses a flood barrier having a rectangular support block at one side of the chamber mounted to one of the chamber walls. A buoyant body comprises a slightly inclined, nearly vertical, side surface which will result in the dam wall moving to the hinterland side of the flood barrier in case of flooding. The buoyant body further comprises an extension at the bottom which abuts to the bottom of the rectangular support block in case of flooding. Due to the specific structure of the flood barrier, the retaining wall and the buoyant body will act as a lever wherein the water pressing against the water side of the retaining wall will try to tilt the floatable part. Due to this tilting, the maximum pressure between the floatable part and the chamber occurs near the top of the chamber at the hinterland side, and between the support block and the buoyant body at the water side. At both sides a contact surface is very small. As a result, the flood barrier will be unstable in case of variable water pressure at the top of the retaining wall due to waves. Furthermore, the contact surfaces are subject to wear due to high and variable pressures.
GB-A-2.369.387 discloses a movable flood barrier according to the preamble of claim 1. The known movable flood barrier comprises a buoyant barrier member which is raised by allowing it to float on the flooding liquid. The barrier member is located in a floatation chamber which is filled by the rising flood liquid when the liquid reached a predetermined danger level. This barrier is a symmetrically constructed barrier in which the closure between the buoyant barrier member and the chamber is determined by the upward force of the flooding liquid on the buoyant barrier member. The construction therefore requires a relatively large Buoyant member providing upward force with a large building depth below the surface as the floatation force has to be provided by a floating volume below the surface when the buoyant barrier member is in de raised, protecting position.
JP2000345537 discloses a barrier that raises upon flooding water based upon a fixation by means of a side guiding rail 22. The upper fixation is only achieved by a point pressure on the sliding member 12 to stop an opposing stop 23 and having opposing point seals leaving a vulnerable construction that also provides substantially no resistance against forces imposed by the flooding water.
It is a goal of the present invention to provide a flood barrier which is more stable and more endurable than the barrier of the state of the art.
This goal is achieved by a self closing flood barrier according to claim 1.
In case water enters the chamber, the dam wall member will rise so that eventually the inclined surface of the blocking element is forced against the inclined. surface of the support block. This will result in a sideward movement until the dam wall member abuts against the hinterland side wall of the chamber. In the closed state, the dam wall member has two contact surfaces, which results in reduced pressures as compared to the barrier of the state of the art. This will result in less wear and more stability of the total barrier.
By using only one support block, the dam wall member will be forced against the hinterland side wall resulting in an improved sealing of the dam wall member. Also the usage of only one support block is cheaper than having two support blocks. Furthermore, the usage of one support block will be favourable when having to maintain or repair the flood barrier.
The dam wall member comprises a substantially flat surface facing said hinterland side wall for abutment against said hinterland side wall. The flat surface is favourable because it makes the closed barrier more stable.
In an embodiment, the flood barrier comprises a sealing member arranged on said substantially flat surface near a lower outer end of said dam wall member to avoid said water from flowing between said dam wall member and said hinterland side wall. Such a sealing member will improve sealing of the flood barrier and thereby preventing water from the water side flowing to the hinterland side through the flood barrier in case of a flood. Besides, a reduced water pressure at the hinterland side of the wall member is realised and no tilting of the dam wall member occurs which would otherwise move away the dam wall member from the chamber wall at its lower portion. Preferably the sealing member comprises rubber or the like.
In a specific embodiment, the inclined surface of said support block and said inclined surface of said blocking element make, at least in use, an angle with the vertical, said angle having a value between 30°-60°, and preferably equal to about 45°.
Preferably the support block is removably arranged on said water side wall.
The support block may comprise a bottom which is connectable to said water side wall of said chamber by way of connecting means.
The support block may further comprise a lockable entrance which provides access to the connecting means. In this way a maintenance team can have access to the connecting means in a very simple and effective way. The entrance can be opened after which one can disconnect the connecting means and can remove the support block.
Preferably the inclined surface of blocking element transfers to a less or non-inclined surface which is, at least in said closed state, distant from said water side wall of said chamber. In this way clamping of the dam wall member is minimized.
Preferably the blocking element, the forcing element and said retaining wall are one integrated part. This results in easy manufacturing and assembly.
The chamber of the self closing flood barrier may be arranged to be installed under the ground or partly under the ground, depending on the purpose.
In an embodiment the chamber is substantially arranged under the ground and connected through a water inlet/outlet with a service pit.
Preferably the flood barrier comprises a lid for closing an opening of said chamber, wherein said lid is fixed to an upper outer end off said dam wall member. This lid may also function as an additional extension of the flood barrier in case of a flood because it will prevent waves from creeping over the outer top edge of the dam wall member. The lid will function as a breakwater.
A second aspect of the invention relates to a method for protecting a hinterland against floods by means of a self closing flood barrier as described above, the method comprising:

providing the flood barrier described above;
bringing the flood barrier in a working state;
letting in of water in the chamber for forcing up the dam wall member.

Embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which corresponding reference symbols indicate corresponding parts, and in which:

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a flood barrier according to the invention in a resting state;
Figure 2 shows the embodiment of Figure 1 in a closed state.
Figure 3 schematically shows a cross section the chamber according to an embodiment;
Figure 4 shows an embodiment in which the flood barrier comprises two ground load plates mounted on top of the side wall.

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a flood barrier according to the invention as applied in a dike 1. Figure 1 shows the flood barrier in a resting state in which nearby water such as a river 10 has a normal water level.
In the embodiment of Figure 1 the flood barrier comprises a chamber 3 having a water side wall 20 and a hinterland side wall 21. The chamber 3 also comprises a bottom 22 which connects the two sidewalls 20, 21 respectively. The walls 20, 21 may be constructed out of sheet steel or any other suitable construction known to the skilled person, such as concrete. In the chamber 3 a retaining wall 4 is present which is supported at its lowest side by a buoyant body 5. Preferably, the retaining wall 4 comprises polyester. This material reinforcement may be filled with foam as a sandwich construction and is very strong and also very light. In this embodiment, the flood barrier also comprises a lid 6 fixed to the top of the retaining wall 4. The retaining wall 4 together with the buoyant body 5 is also referred to as dam wall member. Please note that the buoyant body 5 consists of two, preferably integrated, parts 5a, 5b and actually functions as both a forcing element for causing an upward movement of the dam wall member, and as a blocking element for limiting the upward movement.
Furthermore, the flood barrier comprises a support block 7 removably connected to the water side wall 20 by means of a connecting means 15. In a very simple embodiment the connecting means comprise bolts 15. In this embodiment the support block 7 comprises an entrance 14 which is closed by way of a cover 23. In an embodiment, the position at which the support block 7 is mounted to the side wall 20 is adjustable. In this way, the opening of the chamber 3 can be adjusted to a desired dimension.
In this embodiment, the flood barrier further comprises a service pit 9 which is connected to the chamber 3 by way of a water inlet/outlet 24. The water inlet 24 is connected to a vertical pipe 12 in the service pit. The water inlet/outlet 24 comprises a valve 13 that is opened in a case the chamber 3 is emptied. In that situation the water inlet/outlet functions as a water outlet 24. The service pit 9 is connected through a channel 11 to the water side of the dike 1 as shown in figure 1. The flood barrier is practically invisible under normal water level conditions. On top, the lid 6 locks in the entrenchment space under normal conditions.
Figure 2 shows the self closing flood barrier of Figure 1 in a flood situation wherein a flood is present resulting in a high water level of the river 10. Only after the water level of river 10 rises above the entrance level of pipe 12, the pipe and the water inlet 24 fill with water resulting in a water stream towards the chamber 3. The water in chamber 3 will force the retaining wall 4 to move up because the retaining wall 4 together with the buoyant body 5 are floatable on water. The dam wall member will move upwards until the buoyant body 5 is forced at its upper side against the angled wall 17 of the support block 7. This will not only limit the upward movement of the dam wall 4 but will also force the dam wall 4 against the hinterland side wall 21 of chamber 3. As soon as the chamber 3 is totally filled, a closing seal 8 will lock the barrier waterproof. Now the water can rise further without flooding the protected area, i.e. the hinterland.
By using the service pit 9, the flood barrier functions completely automatically without the need for controlled water inlet. Please note that the service pit 9 also acts as a kind of water filter. Dirt and mud coming from the river side will deposit at the bottom of the service pit and will not reach the chamber 3.
Preferably, the sealing member 8 is arranged on or at the flat side of the dam wall member, and preferable at the lower end of the dam wall member. In Figure 2, it can be seen that the sealing member 8 seals off the space between the dam wall member and the hinterland side wall 21. In this way, the pressure between the hinterland side wall 21 and the dam wall member 4,5 is far less than the pressure between the water side wall 20 and the dam wall member 4,5. This pressure difference will result in a force that prevents a lever mechanism as mentioned in EP 1950352 A2 .
Once the water level subsides to a normal level, the chamber 3 is drained through outlet 24 with one way check valves 13 or by means of a pump (not shown). Once the water has left the chamber 3, the dam wall member returns to its resting position within the chamber. The lid 6 on top of the dam wall 4 then closes to prevent the inflow of waste or debris. In Figure 1 is shown that the dam wall member does not rest on a floor of the chamber 3. This results in a space in which mud and the like may deposit. Such deposition will effectively raise the floor of the chamber 3 but this raising will not affect the resting position of the dam wall member. As a result, the lid will always close the opening of the chamber 3, even when dirt is present at the bottom of the chamber 3. Furthermore, due to the weight of the dam wall member, the lid will be presses downwards and will thus be closed due to the gravity forces.
Preferably, the lid 6 is arranged to support traffic and may be part of a road surface, or a pavement. Typical values for the height of the retaining wall 4 are 50 cm, 100 cm, 150 cm, 200 cm or 250 cm. However higher flood barriers are possible.
Preferably the flood barrier comprises one or more seals 26,27, see Figure 2, for preventing dirt or waste like waif wood, from flowing into the chamber at the upper entrance when the water level is falling.
Figure 3 schematically shows a cross section the chamber according to an embodiment. The support block 7 is mounted at the inner side of the chamber wall 20. The inclined surface 17 of the support block 7 has an angle α with the vertical, which is preferably between 30-60°, and more preferably about 45°. Preferably the same angle α is used for the inclination of the surface 16 on the buoyant body 5. These angles will result in a smooth up and down movement of the dam wall member, without the risk of the dam wall member getting stuck between the walls. This risk is even further restricted by the fact that the buoyant body 5 has a surface 19 that is distant from the inner side of the wall 20 in the closed state.
Figure 4 shows an embodiment in which the flood barrier comprises two ground load plates 41,42 mounted on top of the side wall 20,21. These plates will reduce the pressure at the outside of the chamber walls so that the risk of the deformation of the chamber is decreased. Particular in situations wherein heavy traffic passes across the flood barrier, the plates 41,42 will be advantageous.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated that the invention may be practiced otherwise than as described. For example, the invention may also be used to provide a door for a garage or for closing/protecting any other entrance of a building. It may even be conceivable to provide water basins the walls of which are formed by the flood barrier described above.
The descriptions above are intended to be illustrative, not limiting. Thus, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the invention as described without departing from the scope of the claims set out below.

Claims

Self closing flood barrier for protecting a hinterland against floods, said flood barrier comprising:
- a chamber (3) having a water side wall (20) and a hinterland side wall (21;

- a single support block (7) with an inclined surface (17);

- a water inlet (24) for letting in water;

- a dam wall member (4,5a,5b,16,18) up and down movably arranged in said chamber (3), said dam wall member comprising:
- a retaining wall (4) for avoiding water to flow to the hinterland;

- a forcing element (4,5a,5b) for causing an upward movement of the dam wall member, and

- a blocking element (5b) for providing a blockade for limiting said upward movement of the dam wall member, the blocking element (5b) comprising an inclined surface (16), which acts against the inclined surface (17) of the single support block (7) in a closed state of the flood barrier,

- wherein the single support block (7) is connected to said water side wall; and

- said dam wall member further comprises a substantially flat surface (18) facing said hinterland side wall (21) allowing abutment of the substantially flat surface (18) of the dam wall member against said hinterland side wall (21),
characterized by:
- the hinterland side wall (21) having a substantially vertical flat surface over its height from the bot-tom of the chamber (3) up to its upper level, which upper level is arranged at the same height as the upper level of the single support block (7),

- the abutment of the substantially flat surface (18) of the dam wall member against said hinterland side wall (21) being caused by the inclined surface (16) of the blocking element (5b) being forced by water in the chamber against the inclined surface (17) of the support block (7) resulting in a sideward movement of the dam wall member until its substantially flat surface (18) abuts against the substantially vertical flat surface of the hinterland side wall (21) of the chamber (3).
Self closing flood barrier according to claim 2, wherein said flood barrier comprises a sealing member (8) arranged on said substantially flat surface (18) near a lower outer end of said dam wall member to avoid said water from flowing between said dam wall member and said hinterland side wall (21).
Self closing flood barrier according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said inclined surface of said support block and said inclined surface of said blocking element makes, at least in use, an angle with the vertical, said angle having a value between 30°-60°, and preferably equal to about 45°.
Self closing flood barrier according to any of the preceding claims, wherein said support block is removably arranged on said water side wall.
Self closing flood barrier according to claim 5, wherein said support block comprises a bottom which is connectable to said water side wall of said chamber by way of connecting means.
Self closing flood barrier according to claim 6, wherein said support block comprises a lockable entrance which provides access to the connecting means.
Self closing water barrier according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said inclined surface (16) of said blocking element (5b) transfers to a less or non-inclined surface (19) which is, at least in said closed state, distant from said water side wall (20) of said chamber.
Self closing water barrier according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said blocking element (5b), said forcing element (5a) and said retaining wall (4) are one integrated part.
Self closing flood barrier according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said chamber is arranged to be installed under the ground or partly under the ground.
Self closing flood barrier according to claim 9, wherein said chamber is substantially arranged under the ground and connected through a water inlet/outlet with a service pit.
Self closing flood barrier according to one or more of the preceding claims, wherein said flood barrier comprises a lid for closing an opening of said chamber, wherein said lid is fixed to an upper outer end off said dam wall member.
Method for protecting a hinterland against floods by means of a self closing flood barrier according to one or more of the preceding claims, said method comprising:
- providing said flood barrier;

- bringing said flood barrier in a working state;

- letting in of water in said chamber for forcing up said dam wall member.