EP2315225B1 - Schalter - Google Patents

Schalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2315225B1
EP2315225B1 EP10188197.7A EP10188197A EP2315225B1 EP 2315225 B1 EP2315225 B1 EP 2315225B1 EP 10188197 A EP10188197 A EP 10188197A EP 2315225 B1 EP2315225 B1 EP 2315225B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
switch
contact element
drive
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP10188197.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2315225A3 (de
EP2315225A9 (de
EP2315225A2 (de
Inventor
Gerhard Lehmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Intilion AG
Original Assignee
Hoppecke Advanced Battery Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoppecke Advanced Battery Technology GmbH filed Critical Hoppecke Advanced Battery Technology GmbH
Priority to PL10188197T priority Critical patent/PL2315225T3/pl
Publication of EP2315225A2 publication Critical patent/EP2315225A2/de
Publication of EP2315225A9 publication Critical patent/EP2315225A9/de
Publication of EP2315225A3 publication Critical patent/EP2315225A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2315225B1 publication Critical patent/EP2315225B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H15/00—Switches having rectilinearly-movable operating part or parts adapted for actuation in opposite directions, e.g. slide switch
    • H01H15/02—Details
    • H01H15/06—Movable parts; Contacts mounted thereon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H1/54—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position by magnetic force
    • H01H2001/545—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position by magnetic force having permanent magnets directly associated with the contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
    • H01H3/50—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts with indexing or locating means, e.g. indexing by ball and spring
    • H01H2003/506—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts with indexing or locating means, e.g. indexing by ball and spring making use of permanent magnets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switch, in particular a high-power switch, with a contact element and a contact surface along which the contact element is displaceable in at least two positions, wherein in a first position of the contact element, a first switching state and in a second position of the contact element, a second switching state is achievable , and a drive for moving the contact element between the first and the second position.
  • a switch is from the patent DE 10 2004 062 358 A1 known, which has at least one switching element and arranged on the switching element magnet or sensor, as well as a at one Board attached and associated with the switching element sensor or magnet.
  • This known from the prior art switch includes a slider which can be brought into a plurality of slide positions via an actuating element.
  • the contact element and the contact surface have magnetic elements, so that the contact element reliably rests on the contact surface in the first and in the second position, whereby at least two stable switching states can be realized without current.
  • the switch according to the invention is characterized by a low electrical contact resistance, whereby high currents can be switched. This means that the switch has a high current carrying capacity, wherein at the same time the respective switching states can be kept safe without requiring energy for this.
  • the contact surface has at least two contact plates, which are arranged in particular spaced from each other.
  • the contact element In a possible switching state, the contact element has a first position, in which it rests only on a contact plate and is in contactless contact with the adjacent contact plate. In a second switching state, the contact element may have a second position, in which it touches both contact plates.
  • the contact surface has three contact plates, wherein a first outer contact plate, a second outer contact plate each with a third inner contact plate can close a circuit when a contact element connects them accordingly: the first outer contact plate with the third inner Contact plate or the second outer contact plate with the third inner contact plate.
  • the magnetic elements integrated in the contact plates and the contact element are designed as permanent magnets, which can be arranged in particular in such a double row that the north pole or south pole of the permanent magnet in the contact element when touching the contact surface at a south pole or north pole of one of the integrated permanent magnets in the contact surface is applied.
  • the contact element and the contact plates each have at least one magnetic element, wherein the magnetic element of the contact element is assigned to the magnetic element of one of the contact plates.
  • the magnetic element of the contact element contacts the associated magnetic element of one of the contact plates in each switching state of the switch.
  • the magnetic elements of the contact element and the magnetic elements of the contact plates are arranged to each other such that the contact element is securely held in each stable switching state of the switch on at least one of the contact plates by the attractive force of the magnetic elements. To this This ensures that the circuits that terminate at the contact plates are reliably closed by the contact element. Due to the direct contact of the contact element on the contact plates is also achieved that high-intensity currents can be passed through a closed circuit.
  • the contact surface and the contact element can be dimensioned geometrically and material-technically so that electrical currents between 50A and 400A, in particular between 100A and 200A are switchable.
  • the thickness of the contact element and the contact plates can vary from 2 to 10 mm.
  • the contact element is moved by a drive.
  • the drive can be, for example, a spindle drive, an induction drive, an electric motor, a piezomotor, a linear motor or a magnetic switch.
  • the drive has a connecting element which is arranged on the contact element and thus produces the operative connection between the drive and the contact element in order to move the contact element by the drive.
  • a protection circuit is provided to derive voltage peaks when switching between the switching states.
  • the protection circuit comprises a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor operating as a voltage-controlled resistor. If current-conducting switch contacts are opened or closed, electrical overvoltages can occur, whereby a part of the contact material can be damaged by overheating, fusion or combustion.
  • the protection circuit is provided to prevent unwanted effects of this kind, in particular by dissipating unnecessary voltage spikes.
  • the contact element and the contact surface of the switch can be made of copper or nickel.
  • the closure of the switching contact is effected by a direct contact of the contact element to at least one of the contact plates, which among other things prevents the formation of switching arcs.
  • the drive and / or the contact element and / or the contact surface and / or the protective circuit are arranged on a carrier board. As a result, a simple and compact construction of the switch is achieved.
  • each stable switching state can be released by a force triggered by the drive.
  • the force of the drive may, for example, act perpendicular to the force of attraction of the magnetic elements and be directed parallel to the geometric extent of the board on which the individual components of the switch are arranged.
  • the strength of magnetic attractions is particularly high in the direction from pole to pole. It has advantageously been shown that only a small force of the drive, which is directed perpendicular to the attraction of the magnetic elements, is necessary to effect a displacement of the contact element from a first switching state to a second switching state.
  • the drive can be operated at a relatively low power to move the contact element between its possible positions. In addition, this can be achieved by switching quickly into the respective switching state.
  • the switch according to the invention is characterized by short switching times.
  • a control unit which determines the position of the contact element.
  • the control unit controls the drive to move the contact element into its corresponding position after the desired circuit closure.
  • a detection unit may be provided to register the position of the contact element, wherein the detection unit may comprise an optical, a Hall or a touch sensor. Detection unit and control unit are preferably in data communication.
  • the magnetic element of the contact surface lies just below the magnetic element of the contact element. This means that the magnetic element of the contact surface are in contact with the magnetic element of the contact element.
  • three stable switching states can be realized, wherein a first outer contact plate, a second outer contact plate and a third contact plate are provided, which lies between the first and the second contact plate.
  • the first and second contact plates have a first number of magnetic elements.
  • the third contact plate may have a second number of magnetic elements that is twice as large as the first number.
  • the contact element may have the second number of magnetic elements.
  • the outer contact plates may each have two integrated magnetic elements, wherein the third contact plate and the contact element each comprise four magnetic elements. It has advantageously been shown that a secure and energy-free maintenance of the respective switching state can be easily achieved by such a numerical selection of magnetic elements.
  • the contact element is in a first switching state in a first position, in which the contact element contacts the first and the third inner contact plate.
  • a circuit can be closed via the contact element, which runs through the first outer and third inner contact plate.
  • the contact element is in a second position, in which the contact element contacts the second and the third contact plate.
  • the contact element can close a circuit which extends through the second outer and third inner contact plate.
  • the circuit requires no power supply of the contact element.
  • the contact element is in a third position, in which the contact element rests on the third contact plate, without being in contact with the first and the second contact plate. It is conceivable that the contact element is supplied with power to conduct a current to a consumer through the third inner contact plate can. Alternatively, the third switching state can also be realized without current.
  • At least one of the mutually facing surfaces of the contact element and the contact surface have a coating, whereby a low coefficient of friction between the contact element and the contact surface can be achieved. After overcoming the friction between the contact element and the contact surface, a slight displaceability of the contact element along the contact surface can be achieved.
  • the switch according to the invention can be used for a rechargeable battery unit which has a plurality of cells provided in a cell network in order to separate individual cells from the cell network via the switch and to introduce them into the cell network via the switch.
  • the switch 10 has a contact element 1 and a contact surface 2, wherein the contact surface 2 comprises three contact plates 2a, 2b, 2c, a first outer contact plate 2a, a second outer contact plate 2c and a third inner contact plate 2b, which is disposed between the first outer 2a and the second outer 2c contact plate is located.
  • the contact plates 2a, 2b, 2c are positioned spaced from each other.
  • the switch 10 has, inter alia, a drive 3, which is in operative connection via a connecting element 5 with the contact element 1 in order to move the contact element 1 along the contact surface 2.
  • the connecting element 5 has a receptacle 5a which holds the projection 1a attached to the contact element 1.
  • the receptacle 5a is configured open on one side in the following embodiment, in which protrudes the projection 1a of the contact element 1.
  • the Fixing the projection 1a in the receptacle 5a can be made positive and / or non-positive and / or cohesive.
  • the drive 3 is in the illustrated embodiment, a spindle drive which drives a rod 3a. About a rotational movement of the rod 3a, the connecting element 5 is simultaneously moved in a translational movement, wherein the translational movement with a double arrow according to FIG. 1 is shown.
  • the rod 3a is designed as a threaded spindle, which has a not explicitly shown thread, whereby a rotational movement in the rod 3a can be introduced.
  • the drive 3 has two housing parts 3b, 3c.
  • a motor which provides for a corresponding drive of the rod 3a.
  • Alternative drives for the linear movement of the contact element 1 are conceivable.
  • a protection circuit 6 is provided in order to derive voltage peaks when switching between the switching states.
  • the protective circuit 6 is designed here as a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor.
  • FIG. 1 a control unit 7 is shown schematically, which controls three possible switching states 21, 22, 23 of the switch 10, the in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are shown.
  • a detection unit 8 which may be for example an optical, a Hall or a touch sensor. The detection unit 8 determines the respective position I, II, III of the contact element 1, wherein the positions I, II, III in FIGS. 3 and 4 are shown.
  • Each contact plate 2a, 2b, 2c and the contact element 1 have integrated magnetic elements 4, which are arranged to each other such that the contact element 1 in each stable switching state 21, 22, 23 on at least one of the contact plates 2a, 2b, 2c by the attraction B the magnetic elements 4 is securely held.
  • the attraction B is simplified in FIGS. 1 . 3 and 4 shown.
  • the magnetic elements 4 are designed as permanent magnets.
  • the attractive force B of the magnetic elements 4 acts perpendicular to the geometric extent of the carrier board 20 and to the rod 3a.
  • the first outer contact plate 2a and the second outer contact plate 2c each have two integrated magnetic elements 4, wherein the third inner contact plate 2b and the contact element 1 each have four integrated magnetic elements 4.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a second stable switching state 22 of the switch 10.
  • the contact element 1 In the second stable switching state 22, the contact element 1 is in the second position II, wherein it rests on the second outer 2c and the third inner contact plate 2b.
  • the two left magnetic elements 4 of the contact element 1 touch the two right magnetic elements 4 of the third inner contact plate 2b and the two right magnetic elements 4 of the contact element 1 touch the two magnetic elements 4 of the second outer contact plate 2c.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 schematically show three possible positions I, II and III of the contact element 1.
  • the dashed lines indicate the integrated in the contact element 1 and in the contact plates 2a, 2b, 2c magnetic elements 4 at. In this front view, the magnetic elements 4 are in pairs one behind the other.
  • FIG. 3 is the first position I of the contact element 1 illustrated.
  • the contact element 1 is located on the first outer contact plate 2a and the third inner contact plate 2b.
  • the two left integrated magnetic element 4 of the contact element 1 are located directly above the two magnetic elements 4 of the first outer contact plate 2a.
  • the two right integrated magnetic elements 4 of the contact element 1 are above the two left magnetic elements 4 of the inner contact plate 2a.
  • the FIG. 4 shows the second position II of the contact element 1, wherein the contact element 1 rests on the second outer contact plate 2c and the inner contact plate 2b.
  • the two left-hand integrated magnet elements 4 of the contact element 1 are located directly above the two right-hand magnet elements 4 of the inner contact plate 2b and the two right-hand integrated magnet elements 4 of the contact element 1 are above the two magnet elements 4 of the second outer contact plate 2c.
  • the third possible stable switching state 23 is indicated, in which the contact element 1 rests on the inner contact plate 2b and touches neither the first outer 2a nor the second outer contact plate 2c. Again, the touch Magnetic elements 4 of the contact element 1 with the associated magnetic elements 4 of the inner contact plate 2b.
  • the contact element 1 can be moved along the contact surface 2 in the direction of the double arrow.
  • the movement of the contact element 1 is carried out by the drive 3 FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 ,
  • the contact element 1 is moved from the contact plate 2a to the contact plate 2c in the second position II to realize the second switching state 22 of the switch 10.
  • the contact element 1 is moved from the contact plate 2 c to the contact plate 2 a back to the first position I to reach the first switching state 21.
  • the third position III of the contact element 1 can be reached from the first position I by a movement in the direction from the contact plate 2a to 2b or from the second position II by a movement in the direction from the contact plate 2c to 2b.
  • the contact element 1 in the third position III implements the third switching state 23 of the switch 10.

Landscapes

  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
EP10188197.7A 2009-10-20 2010-10-20 Schalter Not-in-force EP2315225B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL10188197T PL2315225T3 (pl) 2009-10-20 2010-10-20 Łącznik

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009045864A DE102009045864A1 (de) 2009-10-20 2009-10-20 Schalter

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2315225A2 EP2315225A2 (de) 2011-04-27
EP2315225A9 EP2315225A9 (de) 2011-09-21
EP2315225A3 EP2315225A3 (de) 2012-02-22
EP2315225B1 true EP2315225B1 (de) 2015-07-22

Family

ID=43566820

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10188197.7A Not-in-force EP2315225B1 (de) 2009-10-20 2010-10-20 Schalter

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2315225B1 (pl)
DE (1) DE102009045864A1 (pl)
PL (1) PL2315225T3 (pl)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL238156B1 (pl) * 2018-02-06 2021-07-12 Abb Spolka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia Niskonapięciowy łącznik hybrydowy w obwodach niskoprądowych
CN108364810B (zh) * 2018-03-26 2024-04-16 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 一种通信天线用双模式切换开关及其组装方法

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD6887U (pl) *
US2742537A (en) * 1950-08-26 1956-04-17 Donald J Leslie Step-by-step electrical circuit controller
US3601730A (en) * 1970-03-03 1971-08-24 Jack C Cookerly Magnetic-detenting control
JPH0245948Y2 (pl) * 1984-09-21 1990-12-05
DE20019995U1 (de) * 2000-11-24 2001-03-15 Alster ECO - Industriebedarf GmbH, 22399 Hamburg Multifunktions-Fußschalter
US6922123B2 (en) * 2002-11-19 2005-07-26 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Magnetic detent action for switches
JP2007500428A (ja) * 2003-05-30 2007-01-11 コーニンクレッカ　フィリップス　エレクトロニクス　エヌ　ヴィ 磁気トグルスイッチ
DE10344250A1 (de) * 2003-09-23 2005-05-04 Bosch Rexroth Ag Schalteinheit mit Rastfunktion für ein Werkzeug
DE102004062358B4 (de) 2004-12-10 2024-05-29 Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh Schalter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2315225A3 (de) 2012-02-22
PL2315225T3 (pl) 2015-12-31
EP2315225A9 (de) 2011-09-21
DE102009045864A1 (de) 2011-04-21
EP2315225A2 (de) 2011-04-27

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