EP2310657A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la surveillance dynamique d une sonde lambda à large bande - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la surveillance dynamique d une sonde lambda à large bande

Info

Publication number
EP2310657A1
EP2310657A1 EP09780117A EP09780117A EP2310657A1 EP 2310657 A1 EP2310657 A1 EP 2310657A1 EP 09780117 A EP09780117 A EP 09780117A EP 09780117 A EP09780117 A EP 09780117A EP 2310657 A1 EP2310657 A1 EP 2310657A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
signal
lambda
lambda probe
broadband
modeled
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09780117A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andreas Michalske
Sascha-Juan Moran Auth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP2310657A1 publication Critical patent/EP2310657A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1493—Details
    • F02D41/1495—Detection of abnormalities in the air/fuel ratio feedback system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F02D2041/228—Warning displays
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2400/00—Control systems adapted for specific engine types; Special features of engine control systems not otherwise provided for; Power supply, connectors or cabling for engine control systems
    • F02D2400/08—Redundant elements, e.g. two sensors for measuring the same parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
    • F02D41/1456—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio with sensor output signal being linear or quasi-linear with the concentration of oxygen

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for monitoring dynamic properties of a broadband lambda probe, wherein a measured lambda signal is determined by means of the broadband lambda probe, which corresponds to an oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, wherein the engine is associated with an observer, the input variables
  • the modeled lambda signal generates and from the difference of the modeled lambda signal and the measured lambda signal or from the difference between a signal derived from the modeled lambda signal and a signal derived from the measured lambda signal, an estimation error signal as an input variable in the observer Model upstream
  • the invention further relates to a device for monitoring dynamic properties of a broadband lambda probe, wherein by means of the broadband lambda probe, an oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine can be determined, wherein the internal combustion engine is associated with an engine control unit, wherein a circuit or a program sequence is provided, which includes an observer, which generates a modeled lambda signal from input variables and wherein from the difference of the modeled lambda signal and a lambda signal measured by means of the broadband lambda probe or from the difference of one of the modeled
  • Lambda signal derived signal and a signal derived from the measured lambda signal an estimation error signal is formed as an input of an observer in a model upstream controller.
  • diesel-fueled internal combustion engines may be in a lambda-based
  • Control of the oxygen content of the exhaust gas measured with a broadband lambda probe and exhaust gas recirculation, the boost pressure and the start of injection, the exhaust gas quality can be optimized. This control can continue to be used to optimize the consumption of the internal combustion engine. However, due to aging effects, the dynamic properties of the broadband lambda probe may change so that their response time and dead time become sufficiently fast
  • Determining the exhaust gas composition is no longer sufficient, which can lead to increased pollutant emissions.
  • the increase or decrease of the lambda probe signal will be affected by certain changes in the lambda probe
  • a measure of the dynamic properties typically one of the following variables is used: delay time of a step response in the event of a sudden change in the oxygen content of the exhaust gas, gradient of the lambda probe signal or the ratio of the slopes of a measured to a calculated change in the oxygen content of the exhaust gas.
  • the delay time of the step response is referred to as time constant or t63 time.
  • Dead times arise through transport processes such as exemplary gas running times of the exhaust gas from the exhaust valve of the internal combustion engine to the broadband lambda probe. It is to be expected that, according to future regulations for on-board diagnosis, too long dead times of the broadband lambda probe will have to be recognized. It may be sufficient not to determine the dead time as such, but merely to compare a measure of the dead time with predetermined limits.
  • the method should be implemented without intervention in the air or injection system.
  • the object of the invention relating to the method is solved by determining a measure of the dynamic properties of the broadband lambda probe characterized by a dead time and a reaction time from a rating of the estimated error signal or a quantity derived therefrom, and the measure for the dynamic range Properties are compared with predetermined limits to assess how the dynamic properties of the broadband lambda probe sufficient for a given operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • the dynamic properties of the broadband lambda probe in the exhaust duct of a diesel fuel-powered internal combustion engine can be characterized by a reaction of its oxygen signal with a jump in the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas; this size is called an oxygen jump response.
  • the oxygen jump response can be characterized by a reaction time or t63 time, which is the time from a first reaction of the signal to the achievement of 63% of the final value, and a dead time. Dead time refers to a shift of the signal to larger time values for the same signal form.
  • the method can be implemented as software in a control unit of the engine control, wherein the control unit contains an electronic memory and the program code of the software is stored on a machine-readable memory.
  • the estimated error signal determined from the difference between a modeled lambda signal and a measured lambda signal becomes larger as the dead time increases, since the phase delay leads to an increasing difference.
  • the modeling of the lambda signal can take place in a so-called "Fuel Mass Observer” (FMO), which is a model of the system to be controlled and / or controlled, including, among other things, a dead-time element and a first-order delay element around the From the point of view of control engineering, the FMO is an observer which can be used to set the disturbance variable, and this observer receives the estimated error signal as an input signal via a controller Behavior of the real system by mistake or manipulation of the structure of the internal combustion engine and - A - the exhaust duct, this leads to estimation errors and manipulated variable deflections of the observer FMO. It may be sufficient for carrying out the method to implement only parts of the FMO in a motor control as a program sequence or circuit.
  • FMO Fluel Mass Observer
  • a dead time of the broadband lambda probe leads to a time shift between the modeled lambda signal and the measured lambda signal.
  • the area between the signal curves increases with increasing dead time and with increasing time constant, so that the measure of the dynamic properties of the broadband lambda probe is determined from an integral of the value or square of the estimated error signal formed over a predetermined period of time can.
  • the magnitude or square of the estimate error signal is used so that areas under positive and negative curve sections can not compensate.
  • Exceeding a broadband lambda probe dead time considered critical can be linked to a value of the integral that can be used as a first threshold.
  • inadequate dynamics of the broadband lambda probe are inferred and an error message and / or a substitute reaction are initiated if, in several determinations, the integral exceeds a predetermined first limit value. It can be provided that the error message and / or replacement reaction is only initiated if, in the case of repeated determination, more than exceeding the predetermined limit is exceeded.
  • a further embodiment of the method provides that a counter is provided and that the counter is incremented when the integral exceeds the predetermined first limit, that the counter is decremented or set to the count zero, when the integral falls below a second predetermined limit and that an error message and / or replacement reaction is initiated when the counter reaches a predetermined count.
  • a "cure" of the behavior of the broadband lambda probe can be taken into account in such a way that a repeated switching on and off of a malfunction indicator lamp can be avoided.
  • the first and second limits are equal so that the counter is incremented if the limit is exceeded and decremented if the limit is undershot.
  • integrals of the estimation error signal are slidably formed by integrating over the predetermined period of time and by shifting the beginning of the integration on a time axis.
  • the start time of an integration step may be within the integration time of the previous step so that the periods of successive integrations overlap.
  • the values of the estimation error signal can be supplied to a shift register or a ring memory in the control unit for this purpose and processed in a suitable manner. The integrals thus formed are compared with preset limits as described above.
  • the inverted measured lambda signal or an oxygen signal is used as the signal derived from the measured lambda signal and that the inverted modeled lambda signal or a modeled oxygen signal is used as the signal derived from the modeled lambda signal. Signal is used.
  • an increased response time of the broadband lambda probe also increases the integral of the estimation error signal used for the evaluation.
  • a refinement of the method according to the invention therefore provides that a reaction time of the measured lambda signal of the broadband lambda probe is determined with a method according to the prior art and that a contribution of a prolonged reaction time to the integral formed in the evaluation of the dead time or a measure is taken into account. In this way, the two components rise time and dead time in the dynamics of the broadband lambda probe can be separated and evaluated separately.
  • the signal can be done by way of example by means of a "Malfunction Indicator Lamp” MIL.
  • the control unit preferably contains at least one electrical memory in which the method steps are stored as a control unit program.
  • the control unit program according to the invention provides that all steps of the method according to the invention are carried out when it runs in a control unit.
  • control unit program product with a program code stored on a machine-readable carrier carries out the method according to the invention when the program runs in a control unit.
  • Estimation signal or a quantity derived therefrom is provided and that a comparison of the measure for the dynamic properties of the broadband lambda probe with predetermined limit values is provided for an assessment of how the dynamic properties of the broadband lambda probe are sufficient for a suitable operation of the internal combustion engine is.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the technical environment in which the
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram with the time profile of a modeled and a measured lambda value.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of the technical environment in which the method according to the invention can be applied, based on a possible embodiment. The presentation is limited to the components necessary for the explanation of the invention. Shown is an internal combustion engine 1 with an exhaust gas probe in the form of a broadband lambda probe 25.
  • the internal combustion engine 1 consists of an engine block 23 with four cylinders. The engine block 23 fresh air via a supply air duct 21 and fuel via a metering device 22, such as diesel fuel supplied. Downstream of the engine block 23 is an exhaust gas channel 27, in which the broadband lambda probe 25 is arranged, which emits a measured lambda signal 11.
  • an exhaust gas recirculation 26 Via an exhaust gas recirculation 26, a predeterminable proportion of exhaust gas of the supply air in the supply air duct 21 can be admixed. It may also be provided an exhaust gas turbocharger to increase the boost pressure of the supply air.
  • the fuel metering device 22 and the broadband lambda probe 25 are connected to a motor control unit 24. Together with the engine block 23 and the exhaust gas channel 27, they form a control path 20. In an alternative embodiment not shown here, the lambda value can be adjusted via the air path.
  • a valve in the exhaust gas recirculation 26 and / or a throttle valve in the supply air duct 21 can also be used as an actuator for setting the lambda value.
  • the internal combustion engine 1 is associated with an observer 10, which consists of a controller 14 and a model 15.
  • the model 15 is supplied with input variables 17 such as a driver's request and measured variables from the internal combustion engine 1 from which a modeled lambda signal 16 is determined in the model 15.
  • the model outputs outputs 18, a part of which is supplied to the engine control unit 24.
  • the modeled lambda signal 16 is subtracted from the measured lambda signal 11 in a subtraction stage 12, thus forming an estimation error signal 13, which is fed to the controller 14.
  • the observer 10 is a model of the controlled system 20. From the estimation error signal 13, a measure of the dynamic behavior of the broadband lambda probe 25 is determined according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagram 30 in which a time profile of an oxygen content 40 in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 1 is plotted on a lambda axis 31 along a time axis 37. Furthermore, a modeled lambda value 41 and a measured lambda value 42 are entered. The values fall from an initial value 32 to a final value 34.
  • the example of the measured lambda value 42 is a reaction time
  • t63 time constant
  • the 63% value 33 is plotted on the signal axis 31 from the initial value 32 with respect to the final value 34.
  • a dead time 36 is plotted in the diagram 30, which is a shift between the modeled lambda value 41 and the measured lambda value 42 along the time axis 37, wherein the modeled lambda value 41 and the measured lambda value 42 have the same reaction time in this case 35 have.
  • the integral of the magnitude of the difference between the measured lambda value 42 and the modeled lambda value 41 is formed over a predefined period of time and used to determine a measure of the dynamic properties of the lambda Broadband O2 sensor 25 used. This measure can be compared with predetermined limits to evaluate how the dynamic properties of the broadband probe, such as dead time 36, meet the requirements.
  • the method is also applicable if changes in the load, for example by a driver's request, lead to a change in the oxygen content in the exhaust gas.
  • the dead time 36 of the broadband lambda probe 25 now increases, its measured lambda value 42 is shifted in time with respect to the modeled lambda value 41 along time axis 35 after a larger time, and the integral formed increases. Likewise, an increase in the reaction time 35 of the measured lambda value 41 leads to an increase in the integral used for evaluating the dynamics of the broadband lambda probe 25. By comparison with predefinable limit values, the monitoring according to the invention can be realized.
  • the example of the method shown for the diesel engine is also possible with other forms of an internal combustion engine, such as a gasoline engine, mixed forms between gasoline and diesel engine, a combination of different drives so-called “hybrid” or gas engines.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

L’invention concerne un procédé de surveillance des caractéristiques dynamiques d’une sonde lambda à large bande (25). La sonde lambda à large bande (25) détermine un signal lambda mesuré qui correspond à une concentration d’oxygène dans les gaz d’échappement d’un moteur à combustion interne (1). Le moteur à combustion interne (1) est associé à un observateur qui, à partir des grandeurs d’entrée produit un signal lambda modélisé, et, à partir de la différence du signal lambda modélisé et du signal lambda mesuré ou à partir de la différence de signaux qui en sont dérivés, il est formé un signal d’erreur estimé servant de grandeur d’entrée d’un régulateur (14) monté en amont d’un modèle (15) dans l’observateur (10). L’objectif de l’invention est atteint par le fait qu’un critère des caractéristiques dynamiques de la sonde lambda à large bande (25) est tiré d’une pondération du signal d’erreur estimé ou d’une grandeur qui en est dérivée et par le fait que ce critère est comparé à des valeurs limites  prédéterminées afin d’analyser les caractéristiques dynamiques de la sonde lambda à large bande (25).
EP09780117A 2008-07-25 2009-07-03 Procédé et dispositif pour la surveillance dynamique d une sonde lambda à large bande Withdrawn EP2310657A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008040737A DE102008040737A1 (de) 2008-07-25 2008-07-25 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Dynamiküberwachung einer Breitband-Lambdasonde
PCT/EP2009/058383 WO2010009964A1 (fr) 2008-07-25 2009-07-03 Procédé et dispositif pour la surveillance dynamique d’une sonde lambda à large bande

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2310657A1 true EP2310657A1 (fr) 2011-04-20

Family

ID=41058574

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09780117A Withdrawn EP2310657A1 (fr) 2008-07-25 2009-07-03 Procédé et dispositif pour la surveillance dynamique d une sonde lambda à large bande

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20110184700A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2310657A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008040737A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010009964A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2010009964A1 (fr) 2010-01-28
US20110184700A1 (en) 2011-07-28
DE102008040737A1 (de) 2010-01-28

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