EP2300104A1 - Tete d'aspersion - Google Patents
Tete d'aspersionInfo
- Publication number
- EP2300104A1 EP2300104A1 EP09766094A EP09766094A EP2300104A1 EP 2300104 A1 EP2300104 A1 EP 2300104A1 EP 09766094 A EP09766094 A EP 09766094A EP 09766094 A EP09766094 A EP 09766094A EP 2300104 A1 EP2300104 A1 EP 2300104A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spray head
- tip
- pressure
- pipe
- transfer channel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/08—Control of fire-fighting equipment comprising an outlet device containing a sensor, or itself being the sensor, i.e. self-contained sprinklers
- A62C37/10—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released
- A62C37/11—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released heat-sensitive
- A62C37/14—Releasing means, e.g. electrically released heat-sensitive with frangible vessels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
- A62C35/62—Pipe-line systems dry, i.e. empty of extinguishing material when not in use
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
- A62C35/68—Details, e.g. of pipes or valve systems
Definitions
- the invention relates to a sprinkler head, in particular for the diffusion of an extinguishing agent intended to fight against a fire or to prevent a fire, a fire protection device comprising such a sprinkler head, a method of controlling the fire, supplying, with an extinguishing agent, a pipe comprising such a sprinkler head and a method of opening a set of sprinkler heads of a fire protection device.
- sprinkler installations comprise a network of pipes, generally installed on the ceiling, in which sprinkler heads are inserted.
- These sprinkler heads comprise a heat-sensitive shutter, usually a fuse capable of melting in case of temperature rise or a bulb capable of bursting in the same situation.
- the pipes contain an extinguishing agent under pressure, for example water, foam or gas, and the shutter of a sprinkler head prevents any release of extinguishing agent.
- the fuse blows or the bulb bursts, which allows an immediate sprinkling of extinguishing agent near the source of heat.
- the sprinkler heads close to the heat source open.
- the entire sprinkler system is fed with extinguishing agent, for example by opening a valve called “deluge valve” and / or by starting a feed pump.
- extinguishing agent can then be dispersed immediately over the entire area.
- the invention proposes a spray head, in particular for the diffusion of an extinguishing agent, comprising:
- the opening force is between 15 N and 80 N.
- the "opening force” can result in particular from a pressure difference between the pressure in the transfer channel, called “internal pressure", and the pressure room. This pressure difference is referred to hereinafter as “differential opening pressure”.
- the opening differential pressure is less than 50 bar, preferably less than 30 bar, preferably less than 10 bar, preferably less than 5 bar, preferably less than 3 bar, preferably less than 2 bar, preferably less than 1 bar, or even less than 0.5 bar, or even less than 0.1 bar.
- the spray head is intended to be inserted into a pipe, the shutter insulating from the outside the transfer channel (itself in communication with the interior of the pipeline). In the standby situation, the tip thus protects the pipe from the outside and prevent nesting in this pipe.
- the tip In case of fire, it is sufficient to exert on the tip an opening force tending to detach from the body, and in particular, for example, to increase the pressure in the pipe to open the spray head, for example by feeding it with extinguishing agent under pressure.
- the pipe can be maintained in depression. It may then be sufficient to increase its internal pressure, for example up to ambient pressure or beyond, to open the spray head.
- the opening of the spray head results from the balancing between the internal pressure and the ambient pressure, the opening force being for example constituted by the weight of the nozzle.
- a spray head according to the invention must allow a hold in the "closed” position, in particular for a standby situation, and, following the appearance of an opening force, a transition to a so-called “open” position. wherein the tip has at least partially cleared the transfer channel.
- the opening force thus corresponds to an action exerted on the tip and leading to a substantial clearance of the transfer channel by this tip.
- the generation of an opening force does not require electrical energy, at least near the spray head.
- the spray head may comprise:
- an outlet channel comprising an inlet in fluid communication with the transfer channel, and an outlet opening towards the outside, and
- the tip can be released under the effect of said opening force, axial or otherwise, without an activation of the shutter, for example a rupture, bursting or melting of the shutter, be necessary.
- the shutter can be held on the tip, for example rigidly fixed on the tip, and therefore follow the tip when the latter releases the transfer channel.
- the tip can seal the transfer channel.
- a leakage flow can be admitted between the body and the mouthpiece. It is considered that, preferably, the passage between the body and the tip should be less than 5%, less than 1%, or even less than 0.5% or less than 0.1% of the opening of the transfer channel. closed by the mouthpiece.
- Elastic means including spring means adapted to push the tip against the body or elastic materials, in particular to form the parts of the tip and / or the body penetrating one into the other; and or
- An adhesive may also be disposed between the tip and the body.
- These retaining means can be combined. They are chosen and, when they are adjustable, possibly adjusted according to the opening force or the desired opening differential pressure.
- the spray head may also be provided with elastic return means tending to return the nozzle to the closed position.
- elastic return means tending to return the nozzle to the closed position.
- a tip closing said transfer channel and traversed by an outlet channel in fluid communication with the transfer channel and closed by a heat-sensitive shutter, the nozzle being able to be disengaged from the transfer channel, in particular by the exercise of a force of substantially axial opening.
- the tip and the body are not monobloc, but constitute two parts that can be separated or even separated from each other, especially thanks to an increase in the pressure in the transfer channel.
- the tip can clear the transfer channel without being damaged and without a specific tool.
- a fire protection device also comprises means for raising the pressure upstream of the nozzle of the spray head so as to cause a differential pressure of opening and the release of the channel transfer by the tip.
- the internal pressure is maintained higher or, preferably, lower than the ambient pressure and the detection means are able to detect an opening of a shutter.
- the spraying head comprises means for compensating, in a standby situation, leaks tending to modify the pressure difference between the internal pressure inside the pipe and the ambient pressure.
- the control means control, in the event of detection of a variation of the internal pressure likely to correspond to the presence of a fire, an opening of a valve deluge insulation, in situation of standby, the pipe and a source of extinguishing agent and / or the start of a feed pump for injecting into the pipe said extinguishing agent.
- the source of extinguishing agent is at a pressure sufficient to cause, after opening of said deluge valve, an injection of extinguishing agent into the pipe without the use of a feed pump.
- the pressure of the extinguishing agent injected is sufficient to generate a differential opening pressure at the level of the sprinkler head (s) inserted into the pipe.
- the pressure of the extinguishing agent leads into a substantially simultaneous opening of all the sprinkler heads, and thus to a diffusion of the extinguishing agent over the entire area covered by these sprinkler heads.
- the invention also relates to a method for controlling the supply, with an extinguishing agent, of a pipe in which at least one spray head according to the invention is inserted, a method according to which said feed is initiated in the event of detection.
- an abnormal evolution of the internal pressure in the pipe in particular in case of abnormal increase of the internal pressure, and in particular in case of increase of the internal pressure up to the ambient pressure.
- the control method can in particular be applied for the opening of a deluge valve insulating the pipe of a source of extinguishing agent or for starting a pump supplying the pipeline with extinguishing agent .
- the invention finally relates to a method of opening a set of sprinkler heads of a fire protection device according to the invention, according to which a differential opening pressure is generated in said pipe, of preferably with the extinguishing agent, in case of detection of a fire.
- opening force is meant a force exerted on the nozzle such that it causes a clearance, at least partially, preferably complete, the transfer channel by displacement of the tip.
- differential pressure of opening is meant a pressure difference between the pressure upstream of the nozzle, that is to say in the transfer channel, and the ambient pressure, that is to say on the side of the tip opposite the transfer channel, able to create an opening force.
- This difference can be positive, zero, for example if the weight of the nozzle is sufficient to open the spray head, or negative, provided that its establishment leads to a sufficient opening force to open the spray head.
- FIG. 2 and 3 show schematically a median longitudinal section of a body and a tip of a spray head according to the invention, respectively;
- FIG. 4 and 5 show the sprinkler head of Figure Ic at the time of rupture of the shutter and at the moment of detachment of the tip, respectively; and - Figure 6 schematically shows a fire protection device according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a spray head 10 assembled to a pipe 12 of a fire protection device.
- the spraying head 10, of axis X comprises a body 14 and a tip 16.
- the body 14 is traversed, along the axis X, by a transfer channel 30, substantially rectilinear opening on the upstream face 32 of the body 14 through an inlet opening 34 and, on the downstream face 36, by an opening of output 38.
- the transfer channel 30 has a cylindrical portion 40 extending from the inlet opening 34, and extended by a frustoconical portion 41 extending to the outlet opening 38.
- the nozzle 16 comprises a nozzle 42 consisting of a base 43 extended by clips 44, and a shutter 46.
- the base 43 is crossed by an outlet channel 48 which, by the closed position shown in Figure 1, is closed by the shutter 46.
- the clips 44 hold the shutter 46 in this position.
- the output channel 48 substantially rectilinear with axis X, opens on the upstream face 49 of the base 43 via an inlet 50 and on the downstream face 52 of the base 43 via an outlet 54.
- the shutter 46 is supported, preferably substantially sealed, on the edge
- the base 43 comprises, coaxially, a first base cylindrical portion 56, a frustoconical base portion 58 and a second base cylindrical portion 60.
- the first base cylindrical portion 56 and the frustoconical portion base 58 have complementary shapes to the cylindrical 40 and frustoconical portions 41 of the transfer channel 30, so that, in the closed position shown in FIG. 1, the first cylindrical base portion 56 and the frustoconical base portion 58 can be inserted in the transfer channel 30 bearing, substantially over their entire surface, with the cylindrical portion 40 and the frustoconical portion 41 of the transfer channel 30, respectively.
- An annular surface 62 extending substantially radially, provides the transition between the frustoconical base portion 58 and the second base cylindrical portion 60 of the tip 16.
- the tip 16 is shown in Figure 1 in a closed position in which it closes the transfer channel 30.
- the annular surface 62 is then in contact with the downstream face 36 of the body 14, extending itself substantially radially.
- the 56 of the tip 16 is a sealed contact, that is to say not allowing, in the closed position, a passage of fluid, including gas, between the outside and the transfer channel
- the shutter 46 has the shape of a substantially cylindrical bulb of axis X capable of breaking when it is brought to a temperature above a predetermined threshold temperature, for example greater than or equal to 50 0 C and less than 345 ° C, or even lower than 80 ° C. In standby ( Figure 1), the shutter is held by the clips 44 in a position in which it closes the outlet channel 48.
- the staples 44 whose number may be for example between 3 and 10, provide passages between them allowing the evacuation of extinguishing agent leaving the outlet channel 48 through the outlet 54.
- the tip 16 In the closed position shown in Figure 1 , the tip 16 can be held in position on the body 14 by friction, for example because the insertion of the first cylindrical base portion 56 of the tip 16 in the cylindrical portion 40 of the body 14 requires forcing.
- the holding in position can also be ensured, for example, by magnets 70 incorporated in the body 14 and cooperating with a mass, for example ferrous, of the base 43 of the tip 16.
- the end piece 16 could also be retained by links 72 able to break under the effect of an opening force, for example resulting from a differential opening pressure.
- the holding in position of the tip 16 may also result from an internal pressure P int within the transfer channel 30 less than the external pressure P atm .
- this difference in pressure alone is sufficient to keep the spray head closed.
- the spray head 10 may be used as part of a fire protection device 100.
- the device 100 shown in FIG. 6 comprises a pipe network 110 fixed for example on the ceiling of a building to protect.
- the pipe network 110 comprises a main pipe 111 on which are connected secondary pipes 112 provided with spray heads 10 such as that just described.
- the shape of the pipe network 110 and the arrangement of the spray heads 10 are determined so that the spray heads 10 are distributed substantially uniformly over the entire surface to be protected.
- the upstream end of the main line 111 is connected to a source of extinguishing agent, for example a tank 114, via a feed pump 116 and / or a deluge valve 118.
- the extinguishing agent may be a liquid, a powder, a foam, or a gas, for example.
- a vacuum pump 120 may be provided to create or maintain a vacuum within the piping network 110 in the standby situation.
- a sensor 122 is also provided to detect any changes in the pressure in the pipe network 110.
- the control unit 124 can also, when the sensor 122 signifies a sudden decrease in the pressure inside the pipe network 110, control the opening of the deluge valve 118 and the start of the pump 116.
- the pipe network 110 is kept dry in vacuum with respect to the environment by means of the vacuum pump 120.
- the control unit 124 controls the vacuum pump according to the information received from the sensor 122 to maintain the depression in the pipe network 110 to a value determined, in particular to take into account leaks at the sprinkler heads, for example between the nozzle and the body of a spray head, or between the shutter and its seat, or leaks upstream, by example at the level of the deluge valve 118.
- This regulation of the vacuum in the pipe network 110 advantageously allows to tolerate leakage rates, and thus limits the constraints to impose for the various components of the protection device.
- This depression in the pipe network also makes it possible to press the tip 16 onto the body 14 of a spray head as shown in FIG.
- additional restraining means for example magnets, clips or links, is not essential, which facilitates the manufacture of sprinkler heads and therefore limits their cost.
- the tip 16 in position on the body 14 can also be improved by exploiting the forces of gravity, for example by arranging the tip in a position such that its weight contributes to pressing it against the body 14. For safety, it is however preferable that the weight of the tip contributes to its separation from the body 14, as in Figure Ic.
- the tip 16 and / or the body 14 elastic materials so that, in the closed position, the body 14 maintains the tip 16 by elastic pressure resulting from the compression of these materials.
- the tip 16 and / or the body 14 elastic materials so that, in the closed position, the body 14 maintains the tip 16 by elastic pressure resulting from the compression of these materials.
- the spray head 10 is preferably arranged tip downwards, and preferably the shutter has a mass such that the depression inside the pipe network 110 can not maintain, or maintain a fragment against the output channel without the aid of the staples 44.
- the shutter 46 is held in the closed position of the outlet channel 48 by the single depression prevailing in the pipe network 110. This mode realization, however, leads to difficulties of installation and it is therefore preferable that the means, such as the clips 44, are provided in order to keep the shutter 46 in the closed position, even in the absence of any depression in the pipe network 110.
- the sudden increase in internal pressure will also be detected by the control unit 124, which will control the opening of the deluge valve 118 and the start of the feed pump 116.
- the opening of the valve deluge 118 can also be obtained mechanically under the effect of the increase of the internal pressure, for example by activation of a pneumatic or hydraulic pilot. It may also result from the activation of a controlled solenoid valve system as a function of the pressure measured by the sensor 122.
- a sprinkler head according to the invention makes it possible to manufacture fire protection devices that are particularly reliable and inexpensive to install and maintain.
- a spray head according to the invention can not only participate in the detection of a fire, but also allow spraying even when the spray head has not undergone an increase in heat. It is therefore not necessary, as in the prior art to double the network of pipes or install a multitude of electronic sensors. In addition, in a standby situation, the network of pipes can remain dry, which avoids the risks of corrosion, sludging and obstruction.
- the sprinkler heads can also operate without any power supply, which allows their implementation, in particular in ATEX type zones.
- the pipe network remains closed, which in particular avoids any risk of obstruction by nesting animals.
- the protective device could be overpressure, the pressure drop resulting from the rupture of a shutter serving as a detection signal of a fire.
- a protection device is not necessarily configured to react in case of fire.
- it can be configured to react as soon as an abnormal increase in temperature is detected, even in the absence of flames.
- the device thus contributes to preventing a fire, and therefore to
- the spray head may be a head designed for sprinkling drops of water or water streams.
- the spray head can also be a head capable of projecting a water mist.
- the current "micro sprinklers" can in particular be adapted to form sprinkler heads according to the invention.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0854095A FR2932690B1 (fr) | 2008-06-20 | 2008-06-20 | Tete d'aspersion. |
PCT/FR2009/051177 WO2009153532A1 (fr) | 2008-06-20 | 2009-06-19 | Tete d'aspersion |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2300104A1 true EP2300104A1 (fr) | 2011-03-30 |
EP2300104B1 EP2300104B1 (fr) | 2013-09-04 |
Family
ID=40263548
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP09766094.8A Not-in-force EP2300104B1 (fr) | 2008-06-20 | 2009-06-19 | Tete d'aspersion |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110186310A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2300104B1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2009261801A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2728627A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2932690B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2009153532A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2554220A3 (fr) * | 2011-08-01 | 2014-08-13 | Edgar Roberto Solis Perez | Extinguishing assembly with simplified design |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2986435B1 (fr) | 2012-02-03 | 2014-02-28 | Eitl | Tete d'aspersion |
US10357674B2 (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2019-07-23 | Marioff Corporation Oy | Automatically deployed fire suppression sprinkler |
JP6605912B2 (ja) * | 2015-10-19 | 2019-11-13 | ホーチキ株式会社 | スプリンクラーヘッド取付構造 |
CA2973026C (fr) * | 2017-03-09 | 2018-12-04 | Systemes Fireflex Inc. | Regulateur de pression destine a un systeme de protection incendie maintenu sous vide, et methode associee |
CN110448830A (zh) * | 2018-05-07 | 2019-11-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 石化罐区固定式三相泡沫发生和喷射装置及方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4011109A (en) * | 1975-11-10 | 1977-03-08 | Monsanto Company | Method for producing steel filaments |
US4619327A (en) * | 1985-01-07 | 1986-10-28 | Central Sprinkler Corp. | Sprinkler head |
US5927406A (en) * | 1994-09-13 | 1999-07-27 | Kadoche; Maurice | Fire protection installation involving a normally dry network of sprinklers |
US6112821A (en) * | 1998-02-04 | 2000-09-05 | Yokoi Incorporated | Sprinkler head |
US6715561B2 (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2004-04-06 | Viking Corporation | Vacuum dry sprinkler system containing a sprinkler head with expulsion assembly |
DE20120671U1 (de) * | 2001-12-21 | 2002-03-14 | TOTAL WALTHER GmbH, Feuerschutz und Sicherheit, 51069 Köln | Feuerlöschanlage |
-
2008
- 2008-06-20 FR FR0854095A patent/FR2932690B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2009
- 2009-06-19 CA CA2728627A patent/CA2728627A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2009-06-19 US US13/000,273 patent/US20110186310A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-06-19 WO PCT/FR2009/051177 patent/WO2009153532A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2009-06-19 AU AU2009261801A patent/AU2009261801A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-06-19 EP EP09766094.8A patent/EP2300104B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2009153532A1 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2554220A3 (fr) * | 2011-08-01 | 2014-08-13 | Edgar Roberto Solis Perez | Extinguishing assembly with simplified design |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20110186310A1 (en) | 2011-08-04 |
FR2932690A1 (fr) | 2009-12-25 |
WO2009153532A1 (fr) | 2009-12-23 |
AU2009261801A1 (en) | 2009-12-23 |
FR2932690B1 (fr) | 2011-03-18 |
EP2300104B1 (fr) | 2013-09-04 |
CA2728627A1 (fr) | 2009-12-23 |
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