EP2299174A1 - Burner for industrial kiln - Google Patents

Burner for industrial kiln Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2299174A1
EP2299174A1 EP10175132A EP10175132A EP2299174A1 EP 2299174 A1 EP2299174 A1 EP 2299174A1 EP 10175132 A EP10175132 A EP 10175132A EP 10175132 A EP10175132 A EP 10175132A EP 2299174 A1 EP2299174 A1 EP 2299174A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
burner according
firing chamber
comburent
communicating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10175132A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Fausto Tarozzi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siti B&T Group SpA
Original Assignee
Siti B&T Group SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siti B&T Group SpA filed Critical Siti B&T Group SpA
Publication of EP2299174A1 publication Critical patent/EP2299174A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/08—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for reducing temperature in combustion chamber, e.g. for protecting walls of combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F23D14/24—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D91/00—Burners specially adapted for specific applications, not otherwise provided for
    • F23D91/02—Burners specially adapted for specific applications, not otherwise provided for for use in particular heating operations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2202/00—Fluegas recirculation
    • F23C2202/30—Premixing fluegas with combustion air

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a burner for industrial kiln.
  • the invention concerns a burner for kilns suitable for firing items such as ceramic tiles, sanitary ware and the like.
  • burners which, in a set phase of the productive cycle, fire the items thanks to high temperatures that are reached inside by combustion, for example, of methane gas, or of other equivalent types of combustibles.
  • Such types of burners are typically installed in some known types of kilns, like continuous kilns or periodic kilns, tunnel kilns or roller kilns: for example, in the latter, a high number of such burners are installed, normally arranged side by side along the path of the products, with nozzles substantially orthogonal with the advancing direction of the products themselves.
  • the technical task of the present invention is to improve the state of the art by eliminating the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • one purpose of the present invention consists of making a burner for industrial kilns which, if compared to conventional types of burners, makes it possible to recycle a greater quantity of heat energy from the exhaust gases of the firing area, to then reuse it so as to pre-heat the air in inlet to the burner even more.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is that of devising a burner for industrial kilns that makes it possible to obtain, during operation, a more even temperature inside the firing chamber, more in particular that makes it possible to even out the temperatures between the central area and the peripheral areas of the firing area itself.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is that of implementing a burner for industrial kilns that, through a direct recirculation system, makes it possible to reduce the quantity of exhaust gases in the chimney and thus to reduce the filtering and suction requirements of such gases.
  • a further purpose of the present invention is that of implementing a burner for industrial kilns that makes it possible to reintroduce, inside the firing chamber, polluting substances present in the fumes, which can be reabsorbed by the ceramic material, and that in conventional types of kilns on the other hand are all dispersed with the fumes in the chimney.
  • a first advantage achieved by the burner according to the invention consists in the fact that it makes it possible to recycle a high quantity of heat energy from the exhaust gases coming from the firing chamber to directly preheat the air in inlet to the burner itself.
  • Another advantage achieved by the burner according to the invention consists in the fact that it makes it possible to make the temperature in the firing chamber of the industrial kiln more even.
  • Yet another advantage achieved by the burner according to the present invention consists in the fact that it makes it possible to substantially reduce the quantity of exhaust gases to be eliminated from the firing chamber.
  • Another further advantage achieved by the burner according to the present invention consists in the fact that it makes it possible keep part of the polluting substances, which can be directly reabsorbed by the products, inside the firing chamber.
  • a burner for industrial kilns according to the invention is wholly indicated with reference numeral 1.
  • FIG 1 an industrial kiln, of the type having a single layer of rollers is illustrated, wholly indicated with reference numeral 2, suitable for firing products such as ceramic tiles and the like, in which burners 1 are installed according to the present invention.
  • the particular structure of the kiln 2, briefly described hereafter, does not constitute the object of the present invention: therefore, instead of in a roller kiln, the burner according to the present invention can be installed in any other type of industrial kiln, for example in a periodic kiln with a chamber, or in other types of kilns such as tunnel or double layer roller, without any limitation.
  • the roller kiln 2 comprises, in a known way, a firing chamber 3 contained within a top wall 4, a lower wall 5 and two side walls 6 made from insulating refractory material, i.e. a material which is capable of thermally insulating and of withstanding high temperatures without reacting chemically with the other materials with which it is in contact.
  • insulating refractory material i.e. a material which is capable of thermally insulating and of withstanding high temperatures without reacting chemically with the other materials with which it is in contact.
  • a plane 7 is defined, for example arranged horizontally, in which the products 8 advance.
  • such an advancement plane 7 is defined by a series of parallel rollers 9 that allow the products 8 to translate along the kiln 2.
  • the rollers 9 are associated with actuation means 10, of the essentially known type, for example comprising one or more groups of electric geared motors 11 with - known but not represented - transmission means which are associated with the rollers 9 themselves.
  • actuation means 10 of the essentially known type, for example comprising one or more groups of electric geared motors 11 with - known but not represented - transmission means which are associated with the rollers 9 themselves.
  • the typical firing cycle that the products 8 undergo inside of the kiln 2 shall not be described in detail hereby, since it is completely of the conventional type and since, in any case, it does not specifically constitute the object of the present invention.
  • the burners 1 are, for example, installed along the side walls 6 of the kiln 2, mounted at respective through holes 12; outside the side walls 6 pipeline networks are arranged, wholly indicated with reference numeral 13, for supplying fuel and comburent to the burners 1, as well as for eliminating exhaust gas from the firing chamber 3.
  • the fuel used in the kiln 2 can be made up of, for example, methane gas; the comburent, however, can be for example made up of slightly over-pressurized air, taken from outside.
  • Other types of combustibles and/or comburents can be used, however, without limiting the purposes and the effects of the present invention.
  • the burner 1, represented in figures 2 , 3 comprises in detail a body 14, which defines a first fuel inlet opening 15, a second comburent inlet opening 16, and a third discharge opening 17 of the comburent afferent to the firing chamber of the kiln 3.
  • the pipeline networks 13 comprise, more in detail, first pipelines 18 for supplying gas to the first openings 15 of each burner 1, and second pipelines 19 for supplying air to the second openings 16 of each burner.
  • first pumping means 20 and second pumping means 21 are foreseen, not further described since they are absolutely of the type known in the field.
  • the body 14 made for example from metallic material with suitable mechanical characteristics, has a substantially cylindrical tube-shaped configuration; the first gas inlet opening 15 is defined by a tubular appendix 22 which extends externally from the body 14, for example substantially orthogonal to the latter and in communication with it.
  • the body 14 also forms a substantially tubular mouth 23, which defines the second air inlet opening 16.
  • the third air discharge opening 17 is defined at a flange 24, formed by the body 14 and opposite to the first gas inlet opening 15.
  • Such triggering means 25 are of the known and conventional type and are suitable for causing a spark to be set off that provides for igniting the mixture.
  • flame detection means 26 are also foreseen. Such detection means 26 are also of the known and conventional type.
  • the triggering means 25 and the detection means 26, as well as other components of the kiln 2 are both slaved to a unit for controlling and managing the operation of the kiln 2 itself, said unit not being represented in the attached figures but also being of the known and conventional type, made up of for example a programmable logic controller or other equivalent devices.
  • the generation means 27 comprise, for example, a disc 29 equipped with substantially helical grooves 30 through which the air flows, so that it can take up a discharge velocity having a certain tangential component.
  • the burner 1 comprises a nozzle 31, associated with the body 14; the nozzle 31 is in communication with the firing chamber 3 of the products, i.e. in other words flows directly into it.
  • the nozzle 31 is of the axial flame type, i.e. it is essentially made up of a cylindrical tube-shaped jacket, made from a suitable material resistant to high temperatures, open at a first base 32 and a second base 33. More in detail, at the first base 32, the nozzle 31 is fixed to the flange 24 of the body 14, whereas at its second base 33 the gas combustion flame comes out: such a flame extends inside the firing chamber 3 of the kiln 2, and in particular substantially at the central area of the chamber 3 itself.
  • the nozzle 31 can be of the radial flame type - not represented in the figures but however of the known type - i.e. essentially made up of a jacket having a plurality of radial holes, through which respective flames come out that substantially extend out near to the side walls 6 of the kiln 2.
  • the burner comprises suction means, wholly indicated with reference numeral 34, that place the firing chamber 3 in communication with the second comburent inlet opening 16, i.e. the air.
  • the suction means 34 therefore, make it possible to achieve the recycling of the gases contained inside the firing chamber 3 during the productive cycle towards the second opening 16.
  • Such a recycling of the gases of the firing chamber 3 makes it possible to obtain numerous technical advantages, as shall become clearer in the rest of the description.
  • the suction means 34 comprise an suction pipe 35, which can be seen in particular in figures 2 , 3 .
  • the suction pipe 35 is made for example in refractory material. It also has, more in detail, a first extremity 36 that directly flows into the firing chamber 3, and a second extremity 37 that is in communication with the second air inlet opening 16.
  • the suction means 34 also comprise a Venturi tube 38 that has an inlet 39 communicating both with means for supplying air to the burner 1, wholly indicated with reference numeral 40, as well as with the suction pipe 35, and an outlet 41 in communication with the second air inlet opening 16 in the body 14 of the burner.
  • the suction means comprise a "T" union 42 having a first branch 43 communicating with the air supply means 40, a second branch 44 communicating with the suction pipe 35 and a third branch 45 communicating with the Venturi tube 38.
  • the air supply means 40 comprise a tubular portion 46, as can be observed in figure 3 , associated with the first branch 43 of the "T" union 42 which extends, inside the union 42 itself, substantially as far as the inlet 39 of the Venturi tube 38.
  • tubular portion 46 is fixed to an externally threaded bushing 47 engaged with a reducer 48 coupled with the first branch 43 of the union 42.
  • the bushing 47 directly or with the interposition of known connection means that are not represented, couples with the second pipelines 19 supplying air taken in from outside.
  • the suction pipe 35 is coupled, on the other hand, with a sleeve 49 having an outer female screw received into the branch 44 of the "T" union 42.
  • the Venturi tube 38 has the inlet 39 equipped with an outer female screw which engages with the third branch 45 of the "T" union.
  • a cylindrical union 50 is also foreseen for the screw connection of the outlet 41 of the Venturi tube 38 to the mouth 23 of the body 14.
  • the suction pipe 35 is orthogonal with the axis of the Venturi tube 38; moreover, the axis of symmetry of the mixing chamber 14 is in turn orthogonal with the axis of the Venturi tube 38, so as to give the burner 1 a sort of "U"-shaped configuration.
  • the suction means 34 are provided with adjustment means 51 of the flow and/or of the pressure of the gases extracted from the firing chamber 3.
  • adjustment means 51 are schematically represented with a broken line in figure 3 . They can be made up of, for example, a valve, a gate valve or any other means for intercepting the opening foreseen in the second extremity 37 of the suction pipe 35. Alternatively, such adjustment means 51 can also be positioned along the suction pipe 35 itself, or even at the second branch 44 of the "T" union 42.
  • the burner 1 is installed in the kiln 2 in a conventional way, i.e. with the axis of the nozzle 31 substantially orthogonal to the advancing direction of the products 8 inside the firing chamber 3. Therefore, the suction pipe 35, is also arranged with its own axis orthogonal to the advancing direction of the products, and thus side by side with the nozzle 31.
  • the slightly over-pressurised air pumped from outside by the second pumping means 21, flows through the second pipelines 19 and the supply means 40, and thus along the tubular portion 46, so as to enter in the Venturi tube 38 and then reach the second opening 16 of the body 14 of the burner.
  • the combustion of the methane gas occurs, activated by the triggering means 25, said gas generating a flame the combustion products of which are sent inside the firing chamber 3 of the kiln 2 at high speeds.
  • the passage of air provided by the supply means 40 through the Venturi tube 38 generates, as known, a certain depression that draws back the gas present in the firing chamber 3; these gases flow through the suction pipe 35, and mix with the air.
  • the gases coming from the firing chamber 3 are typically made up of at least the combustion products of the methane gas and of residual air, and have a temperature, which can vary according to the areas, between 700°C and 1200°C.
  • the "fresh" air that flows in the burner through the supply means 40 is at a temperature of 40-50 °C. Consequently, the mixing of "fresh" air and gas coming from the firing chamber 3 essentially generates an air-combustion products mixture that enters the burner 1 at a temperature, on average, of between about 500°C and about 600°C, i.e. much greater than that of preheated air usually introduced in conventional types of burners, in which currently used energy recycling systems are adopted.
  • the air entering the burner has a substantially greater temperature with respect to that of conventional burners, and this makes it possible to reduce the expenditure of energy required to obtain an adequate flame temperature.
  • Another important advantage which can be obtained with the burner according to the present invention consists of the fact that the action of the suction means 34 tends to draw back the hot gases which accumulate in the central area of the firing chamber 3 towards the side walls 6 of the kiln 2, so as to make the temperature inside the chamber 3 itself more even: this fact makes it possible to make products 8 with certainly greater quality than those which can be obtained in kilns equipped with conventional type burners.
  • Another important advantage which can be obtained with the burner according to the present invention consists in the fact that the action of the suction means 34, which draw back the gases contained in the firing chamber 3 in a continuous cycle, makes it possible to substantially reduce the gas flow - i.e. the combustion products and other possible gases developed during the firing - that are conveyed towards the chimney of the kiln 2.
  • the continuous drawing back of a fraction of gas, inside the burner 1, from the firing chamber 3 substantially reduces the flow of the gas to be eliminated from inside the chamber 3 itself of the kiln 2.
  • Another advantage which can be achieved with the burner according to the present invention consists in the fact that the continuous drawing back of the gas from the firing chamber 3 towards the body 14 of the burner - which, as mentioned, causes an increase of the temperature at which the combustion occurs and a more even temperature inside the firing chamber 3 itself - makes it possible to obtain reabsorbtion within the products 8 - in particular within ceramic tiles - of phosphorous compounds, indeed thanks to the high temperature that is possible to be kept inside the firing chamber 3. Indeed, usually, when firing in kilns equipped with burners of the conventional type, these substances are directly expelled by the chimney.
  • Yet a further advantage which can be obtained with the burner according to the present invention consists in the fact that the drawing back of gas from the firing chamber 3 towards the body 14 of the burner makes it possible to reduce the quantity of carbon dioxide that is expelled as a combustion product.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
EP10175132A 2009-09-03 2010-09-02 Burner for industrial kiln Withdrawn EP2299174A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000564A ITBO20090564A1 (it) 2009-09-03 2009-09-03 Bruciatore per forni industriali

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2299174A1 true EP2299174A1 (en) 2011-03-23

Family

ID=42012822

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10175132A Withdrawn EP2299174A1 (en) 2009-09-03 2010-09-02 Burner for industrial kiln

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2299174A1 (it)
CN (1) CN102012023A (it)
IT (1) ITBO20090564A1 (it)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITVR20130150A1 (it) * 2013-06-27 2014-12-28 Siti B & T Group S P A Bruciatore autorecuperante per forni industriali
CN105403037A (zh) * 2015-12-14 2016-03-16 广东摩德娜科技股份有限公司 一种助燃风加热蓄能的节能辊道窑
CN107763622A (zh) * 2017-11-14 2018-03-06 丁光学 窑炉烧嘴
US10718512B2 (en) 2016-04-05 2020-07-21 Metal 7 Inc. Burner for gas heated furnace and method of operation thereof

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6029614A (en) * 1997-10-31 2000-02-29 Miura Co., Ltd. Water-tube boiler with re-circulation means
US20040115575A1 (en) * 2002-12-16 2004-06-17 Toshihiro Kayahara Combustion method and apparatus for NOx reduction
US20050247300A1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2005-11-10 Eclipse, Inc. Apparatus for radiant tube exhaust gas entrainment
DE102005008617B3 (de) * 2005-02-23 2006-07-13 Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh Brenner mit Flammenüberwachung und Zündeinrichtung zum Erwärmen einer Thermoprozessanlage
US7104784B1 (en) * 1999-08-16 2006-09-12 Nippon Furnace Kogyo Kaisha, Ltd. Device and method for feeding fuel

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6029614A (en) * 1997-10-31 2000-02-29 Miura Co., Ltd. Water-tube boiler with re-circulation means
US7104784B1 (en) * 1999-08-16 2006-09-12 Nippon Furnace Kogyo Kaisha, Ltd. Device and method for feeding fuel
US20040115575A1 (en) * 2002-12-16 2004-06-17 Toshihiro Kayahara Combustion method and apparatus for NOx reduction
US20050247300A1 (en) * 2004-05-06 2005-11-10 Eclipse, Inc. Apparatus for radiant tube exhaust gas entrainment
DE102005008617B3 (de) * 2005-02-23 2006-07-13 Air Liquide Deutschland Gmbh Brenner mit Flammenüberwachung und Zündeinrichtung zum Erwärmen einer Thermoprozessanlage

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITVR20130150A1 (it) * 2013-06-27 2014-12-28 Siti B & T Group S P A Bruciatore autorecuperante per forni industriali
CN105403037A (zh) * 2015-12-14 2016-03-16 广东摩德娜科技股份有限公司 一种助燃风加热蓄能的节能辊道窑
US10718512B2 (en) 2016-04-05 2020-07-21 Metal 7 Inc. Burner for gas heated furnace and method of operation thereof
CN107763622A (zh) * 2017-11-14 2018-03-06 丁光学 窑炉烧嘴

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102012023A (zh) 2011-04-13
ITBO20090564A1 (it) 2011-03-04

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