EP2297676A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur vermeidung von alias-effekten bei der optischen erkennung von transportbehältnissen - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur vermeidung von alias-effekten bei der optischen erkennung von transportbehältnissenInfo
- Publication number
- EP2297676A1 EP2297676A1 EP09753815A EP09753815A EP2297676A1 EP 2297676 A1 EP2297676 A1 EP 2297676A1 EP 09753815 A EP09753815 A EP 09753815A EP 09753815 A EP09753815 A EP 09753815A EP 2297676 A1 EP2297676 A1 EP 2297676A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- camera
- edge
- length
- lbl
- pic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
- G06T7/13—Edge detection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/20—Image preprocessing
- G06V10/30—Noise filtering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30108—Industrial image inspection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
- G06T2207/30168—Image quality inspection
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for avoiding aliasing in the optical detection of Transportbehaltnissen according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method performing device.
- the invention relates to a method for avoiding aliasing effects (aliasing effects) in the optical detection of transport containers in the form of beverage crates and other empties and a device in the form of an empties printing system.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a designed as beverage box BC Transportbehaltms, which is introduced as empties in a (not shown) empties return system and should be recognized there.
- FIG. 2a shows a photograph PIC * of the designation LBL made according to a conventional method. It can be seen that due to a too low image resolution, in particular color resolution, appear in the recording PIC * disturbing aliasing or aliasing effects ALI. In particular, dummy patterns are formed, such as Moire rings, which would make subsequent image processing and pattern recognition significantly more difficult. It is well known that by defocusing the camera optics such aliasing effect can be avoided. However, then possibly blurred shots are made that barely or garmcht are suitable for reliably detecting the respective transport container or the beverage container BC.
- the object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1 and also by a device having the features of the independent claim.
- a method for avoiding aliasing in the optical detection of transport containers in which the optics of the camera is set to a defined blur, which is determined by means of image processing, in which a length of edge passes from black and white edges is determined.
- a device for avoiding aliasing effects in the optical detection of transport containers which has a camera which takes a photographic picture of at least the part of the transport container provided with the optical marking, the device comprising calculating means and emitters ttel which adjust the camera, in particular the optics of the camera, to a defined blurring, wherein the adjusting means adjust the blurring in dependence on a length of edge transitions of black and white edges, which determine the computing means by means of image processing of the recording.
- the determined length of edge passes gives a measure of the average length of the transitions, ie rising or falling edges of the black and white edges and is hereinafter referred to as the average edge length.
- the camera can now be focused on an optimal disarming point, which is outside the actual image plane, but still has a not too large average edge length, but has a defined distance to set.
- the blurring of the camera is preferably set to a focus point outside the image plane of the graphic marking in such a way that a maximum predeterminable average edge length is not exceeded in the photographic image and is not undershot either.
- it can be checked whether the average edge length in the photographic image is not below a value which is determined for the image plane of the graphic designation to check that the camera is set to a focus point that precedes Image plane is located. This will prevent that from happening the camera is set the wrong disarming point. Because if the newly set focus point of the camera should lie behind the image plane, the image would become sharper as the distance between the image and the camera increases. This measure ensures that always an optimal defocus point (new focus point) is determined, which lies in front of the actual image plane.
- the mean edge length is preferably determined by determining edge slopes, in particular by their gradients.
- edge slopes in particular by their gradients.
- the edge length can be determined by measuring how long the automaton stays in one state before a transition to another state occurs. In each case, the transition shows a beginning or an end for the edge length of the black-and-white edge to be determined.
- the method is carried out by a device which is designed as a reverse vending machine recognizing Transportbehaltnisse in the form of drinks box.
- the invention makes use of image processing, in which the length of edge transitions, in particular edge slopes, is detected in order to find the optimum setting point for camera focusing.
- a separate calibody body is not required to determine the setpoint (disarming point).
- the blurring can be with any help in the picture consistent black and white area are optimally adjusted. It is also checked if the camera is set so that the fuzziness does not decrease to the rear.
- Fig. 2b shows a erfmdungsgebound significantly improved recording of the logo with a camera setting, which takes place after a defined disarming point, so that no Alising- effects occur, but still maintains a sufficient image sharpness compared to Figure 2a.
- Fig. 3 shows a flow chart for a erfmdungsgecroftes method
- Fig. 4 shows a state diagram of a erfmdungsgehold used machine
- Fig. 5a illustrates the setting of the camera optics
- Fig. 5b illustrates the edge lengths of diffuse
- FIGS. 1 and 2a clarify the starting situation of the invention with reference to the example of a drinks box BC which has a print or label or label LBL which is to be recorded by a camera and recognized by means of image processing.
- a photograph of the label LBL focuses the camera setting sharply on the image plane, unwanted disturbances, in particular Alising effects ALI, may appear in the photographic recording PIC * due to surface roughness or other circumstances.
- 2a shows by way of example.
- Fig. 2b illustrates an acquisition PIC achieved by the invention, which is free from such disturbances.
- the camera optics is set deliberately out of focus and indeed to a defined value or focus point, so that in particular the Alismg effects no longer appear, the image sharpness or contours KNT but are still sufficiently sharp to be reliably reliably processed by an image recognition to be able to.
- FIGS. 4 and 5a / b Based on the Auflaufdiagramms shown in FIG. 3, an exemplary embodiment of a erfmdungsgedorfen method 100 is described below. Reference is also made to FIGS. 4 and 5a / b:
- the inventive method 100 achieves in particular that the camera optics 0 (see Fig. 5a) is set to an optimal defocus point or front focusing point FPV, which is located in front of the actual image plane BE, and not to a complementary rear Focusing FPH is set. Although this false focus FPH was also the same optical blur, but (even slightly) displacement of the photographed object backwards (ie away from the camera) would cause a sharper recording, which would be counterproductive to the aim of the invention. Thus, the invention not only sets the camera to a defined blur, but also ensures that the setting is made to the correct focus.
- an edge detection in particular the detection of edge lengths, is used, wherein preferably an automaton FSA is used whose state diagram is illustrated in FIG. 4.
- the machine can differentiate between states that refer to the presence of a so-called leading edge VK or a so-called trailing edge HK. This refers to the transition from black to white or from white to black, as illustrated in FIG. 5b.
- the machine FSA checks on the basis of two gradient filters FO and F1, which have different filter lengths of, for example, 2 pixels or 5 pixels, whether there is a leading edge VK or a trailing edge HK above a threshold value SO (F0> S0), the state "VK” is assumed, ie a leading edge is detected. Otherwise, the state "HK” is assumed, the automatic machine FSA remains in the same state as long as the second filter result Fl is below or above a threshold value S. If this is not the case, the system switches to the other state Thus, for example, the state "VK” is changed to the state "HK” only if F0 ⁇ S0 and F1> S1.
- Em state change indicates the beginning or the end of an edge rise (see also FIG As a result, the edge length KL can be determined reliably and on the basis of arbitrary edges No pattern edges or calibration templates need be used The determination of the edge length KL can be made directly on the respective fixed or constant image or label LBL.
- Method 100 begins with. a step 111 in which two gradient filters FO and Fl (see also Fig. 4) are respectively applied to the image PIC * having different filter lengths.
- FO is a pure gradient filter
- Fl is a modified gradient filter, which additionally has a Bmommal filter for smoothing the image.
- the respective filtering corresponds to a convolution, resulting in two filter results.
- a next step 112 the results of the convolutions are linked with the finite state machine FSA described above.
- the determination of the long KL of edge slopes or the edge length can be carried out.
- the camera optics are then set to a defined blur in step 121. It is set to the front calibration plane (focus FPV).
- the camera optics or their focusing point is adjusted until the image acquisition has a mean edge length KL, which corresponds to a nominal value (ideal value). If this is the case, then proceeds to step 122.
- step 122 By means of a check carried out in step 122, whether the set fuzziness does not decrease to the rear, it is ensured that this is the correct focussing point FPV. Thus, the test is based on the posterior caliber plane (focusing point FPH).
- step 130 the image PIC of the label LBL obtained by means of the defined unsharp camera can be used for further processing and pattern recognition.
- the invention is particularly suitable for being implemented in a Lehrgut Ruckgabesystem.
- BC transport container here in the form of a drinks box
- VK front edge (machine state)
- VK front edge (machine state)
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Image Analysis (AREA)
- Studio Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008025659A DE102008025659A1 (de) | 2008-05-28 | 2008-05-28 | Verfahren und Vorrichrung zur Vermeidung von Alias-Effekten bei der optischen Erkennung von Transportbehältnissen |
| PCT/EP2009/056132 WO2009144160A1 (de) | 2008-05-28 | 2009-05-20 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur vermeidung von alias-effekten bei der optischen erkennung von transportbehältnissen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP2297676A1 true EP2297676A1 (de) | 2011-03-23 |
| EP2297676B1 EP2297676B1 (de) | 2015-03-04 |
Family
ID=41020948
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP09753815.1A Not-in-force EP2297676B1 (de) | 2008-05-28 | 2009-05-20 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur vermeidung von alias-effekten bei der optischen erkennung von transportbehältnissen |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2297676B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102008025659A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2009144160A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3247744B2 (ja) * | 1992-12-25 | 2002-01-21 | キヤノン株式会社 | 撮像装置 |
| DE4408650C2 (de) * | 1994-03-15 | 1996-01-18 | Haehnel Olaf | Identifikations- und Kontrollsystem für Transportmittel in einem Verarbeitungsbetrieb |
| DE10137817B4 (de) * | 2001-08-06 | 2005-10-06 | Institut für Automation & Kommunikation e.V. | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Erkennung von optischen Markierungen |
| JP3555607B2 (ja) * | 2001-11-29 | 2004-08-18 | ミノルタ株式会社 | オートフォーカス装置 |
| WO2006045285A1 (de) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-04 | Wincor Nixdorf International Gmbh | Einrichtung zur dreidimensionalen vermessung von objekten |
| US8264591B2 (en) * | 2007-10-22 | 2012-09-11 | Candela Microsystems (S) Pte. Ltd. | Method and system for generating focus signal |
-
2008
- 2008-05-28 DE DE102008025659A patent/DE102008025659A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-05-20 EP EP09753815.1A patent/EP2297676B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2009-05-20 WO PCT/EP2009/056132 patent/WO2009144160A1/de not_active Ceased
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2009144160A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2009144160A1 (de) | 2009-12-03 |
| DE102008025659A1 (de) | 2010-01-21 |
| EP2297676B1 (de) | 2015-03-04 |
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