Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
  • E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
  • E21B17/1078—Stabilisers or centralisers for casing, tubing or drill pipes
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
  • E21B17/22—Rods or pipes with helical structure
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
  • E21B7/04—Directional drilling

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of research and exploitation of oil or gas deposits in which we use rotating drill linings consisting of rods and possibly other tubular components assembled end to end, depending on the needs of drilling.
• the invention relates to a shaped part for rotary drilling equipment, such as a rod, disposed in a rotary drill string, or a heavy rod or a drill collar, or a drill stabilizer or a workpiece. cross-over sub) of different diameters or thread types.
• Such drill rods associated with other components of the drill string can in particular make it possible to carry out deviated drillings, that is to say drilling which can be varied. the inclination with respect to the vertical or the direction in azimuth, during the drilling. Deviated drilling can today reach depths of the order of 2 to 8 km and horizontal distances of the order of 2 to 15 km.
• FR 2 760 783 proposes a profile for a drill pipe with a sleeve that comes into contact with the wall of the borehole and can remain stationary in rotation with respect to the wall, and groove sections allowing activate the circulation of the drilling fluid.
• document FR 2 824 104 relates to a profiled element for rotary drilling equipment, comprising a bearing zone on the wall of the borehole, a zone of turbulence to produce an activation of the circulation of a drilling fluid.
• a profiled element for rotary drilling equipment comprising a bearing zone on the wall of the borehole, a zone of turbulence to produce an activation of the circulation of a drilling fluid.
• the meridian line in an axial plane away from the axis of the profiled element, in the direction from the bottom upwards in the service position of the profiled element in the hole drilling.
• the drill string element for drilling a hole with circulation of a drilling fluid around said element and in a direction from a downhole to the surface, comprises at least one zone of support on the wall of the hole during drilling, the bearing zone being provided on its outer surface with at least one bearing section of outer diameter greater than the diameter of the other parts of the element, and two activation zones substantially adjacent to the bearing zone and disposed upstream and downstream of the bearing zone, said activation zones comprising a plurality of generally helical grooves around the axis of said element.
• the activation zones are integral with the support zone.
• the bearing zone comprises two round convex revolution-shaped guide sections arranged upstream and downstream of the support section and adjacent to the support section. The guide sections are tangent to the support section and to the activation zones.
• a drill string element for drilling a hole with a drilling fluid circulating around said element and in a direction from a downhole to the surface, forms a connection between a drill string of drilling or a heavy drill string and a downhole set.
• the element comprises a first end comprising an outer surface having a first diameter and a female thread, a second end comprising an outer surface having a second diameter and a male thread, the first diameter being less than or equal to the second diameter, at least one bearing zone on the wall of the hole during drilling, the bearing zone being provided with at least one cylindrical outer surface bearing section and of outside diameter greater than the diameter of the other parts of the element, and two activation zones substantially adjacent to the support zone and disposed upstream and downstream of the support zone.
• Said activation zones comprise a plurality of grooves of generally helical shape around the axis of said element.
• the support zone comprises two sections of convex rounded annular shape guide, arranged upstream and downstream of the support section and adjacent to the support section. Said guide sections are tangent to the support section and to the activation zones.
• Drill packing element means not only the components of the drill string (drill pipe, etc.) but also the constituent parts of said components such as, for example, threaded connectors ("tool-joints"). which can be attached to the ends of the rods by any means such as for example by welding and which allow the assembly of the rods to each other by screwing.
• upstream and downstream relate here to the direction of circulation of the drilling fluid in the annular space around the element.
• drill string means that part of the drill string that includes both standard drill rods and heavy drill rods.
• the Applicant has observed a decrease in static and dynamic rotational loads, a decrease in axial loads downhill and upwellings of the wells, an increase in the capacity of transmission of weight on a tool, a better capacity of recovery of the drill cuttings. , a greater margin of safety in overtraction and overthrow, a decrease in critical buckling conditions, an increase in alternating flexural fatigue strengths, a decrease in wear and abrasion of the drill string, a better capacity working in the up-and-down cuttings to reduce the risk of plugging, maintaining the mechanical integrity of the threaded connections, reducing hydraulic head losses, improving the flow of sludge and debris around the machine.
• a drill pipe may comprise at least one element as described above and a pipe welded end to end on a threadless end of said element. The welding of the tube to the element can be performed by friction.
• Said element can be machined from a short piece of large diameter while the tube can be of smaller diameter, resulting in a very large reduction in the mass of metal to be machined and the amount of waste machining .
• Said short piece may have a length of the order of 0.3 to 1 meter
• the drill string preferably comprises a high proportion of rods as described above, for example at least 80% or more than 95%.
• a train of rods consisting of rods as described above allows to benefit from the effects mentioned above.
• the drill string may comprise at least two adjacent rods.
• a drill string stabilizer for drilling a hole with a drilling fluid circulating about said element and in a direction from a downhole to the surface, may comprise at least one zone of bearing on the wall of the hole during drilling, the bearing zone being provided with at least one bearing section of outside diameter greater than the diameter of the other parts of the stabilizer, and two activation zones substantially adjacent to the zone of support and arranged upstream and downstream of the support zone, said activation zones comprising a plurality of generally helical grooves around the axis of said stabilizer.
• the activation zones are integral with the support zone.
• the bearing zone comprises at least two convex rounded guide sections arranged upstream and downstream of the support section and adjacent to the support section.
• the guide sections are tangent to the support section and to the activation zones.
• Shape circulation grooves generally helical around the axis of said stabilizer are provided on the outer surface of the bearing zone.
• FIG. 1 is a side elevational view of a drill pipe (drill string component) having a threaded connector member at each of its two ends;
• FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view of the drill pipe of Figure 1;
• FIG. 3 is a sectional view along 3-3 of Figure 1;
• - Figure 4 is a sectional view along 4-4 of Figure 1;
• Figure 5 is a sectional view along 5-5 of Figure 1;
• Figure 6 is a sectional view along 6-6 of Figure 1;
• Figure 7 is a partial detail view of Figure 1;
• FIG. 8 is a partial detail view of Figure 1;
• FIG. 9 is a partial side elevational view of two elements on the assembled ends of two drill pipes;
• FIG. 10 is a partial side elevational view of two elements on the assembled ends of two drill pipes
• FIG. 11 is a side elevational view of a drill collar drill four support sections
• FIG. 12 is a side elevational view of a heavy drill pipe with four support sections
• FIG. 13 is a side elevational view of a support section drill stabilizer
• FIG. 14 is a side elevational view of a connecting piece often referred to as "cross-over sub"; and - Figure 15 shows the rods of Figures 7 and 8 assembled.
• the profiled rod 1 has a general shape of revolution about an axis 2 which is substantially the axis of the borehole, when the profiled rod 1 of a drill string is in the service position inside a borehole made by a tool such as a bit disposed at the end of the drill string.
• Axis 2 is the axis of rotation of the drill string.
• the profiled rod 1 has a tubular shape, a channel 3 of substantially cylindrical shape of revolution being formed in the central part of the profiled rod 1.
• the components of the drill string (and in particular the rods of the drill string illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 12) are made in tubular form and are connected together end to end, so that their central channels 3 are located in the extension of one another and constitute a continuous central space of circulation of a drilling fluid from top to bottom, as represented by the arrow 4 of Figure 2 between the surface from which the drilling is carried out until bottom of the borehole where the drill tool is working.
• the drilling fluid or mud then rises in an annular space delimited between the wall of the borehole and the outer surface of the drill string, see arrow 5.
• a drill string may comprise rods, heavy rods ("heavy weight" drill pipe "), drill collars, stabilizers or couplings. The rods are assembled end-to-end by screwing into a drill string which constitutes a substantial or even preponderant part of the length of the drill string.
• the drilling fluid causes debris from the geological formations traversed by the drilling tool to the surface from which drilling is being performed.
• the drill string is designed to facilitate the upward flow of drilling fluid into the annulus between the shaft and the well wall.
• the characteristics of a drill pipe and more generally of a drill string component contribute to the fundamental properties of quality, performance and safety of the general drilling process, whether during the excavation phases themselves or during the phases maneuvering between the bottom and the surface.
• the evolution of hydrocarbon research requires the realization of increasingly complex trajectory profiles and in increasingly extreme geological conditions. Hydrocarbons are currently being investigated at depths of more than 4 km and at horizontal distances from the fixed facility of up to 10 km.
• the Applicant has realized that the mechanical and hydraulic characteristics at the points of contact between the component of the drill string and the walls of the drilled hole were of great importance. Indeed, the liner rubs in rotation and in translation against the wall of the drilled hole. Friction causes slow but significant wear of the packing components and relatively rapid wear of the walls of the drilled hole resulting in an increase in the diameter of the drilled hole and an increase in the volume of debris that may be significant for holes. of great length. Furthermore, it is necessary to avoid clogging by setting the mass of debris between the borehole and the liner.
• the Applicant has developed a new universal profile allowing a very significant reduction in the coefficients of axial friction, from the bottom to the surface and the surface to the bottom and rotation while allowing dynamic cleaning of the entire hole during drilling and a destruction of the accumulations of cuttings that can be generated during lifts in operation of the drill string.
• the profile allows a drastic reduction of the abrasive wear of the packing and in particular drill string and a reduction in wear by abrasion of the walls of the borehole.
• the profile also makes it possible to avoid contact between the maximum stress zones of the screwed connections.
• the profile makes it possible to increase the lifespan of the equipment, the in-service preservation of its mechanical resistance during the drilling and maneuvering phases.
• the profiled rod 1 can be made of high strength steel, in monobloc form of origin or obtained in sections and then welded together. More particularly, the profiled rod 1 may comprise two relatively short end sections 6 and 7 forming "tool-joint" rod assembly connectors and a central tubular section 8 length of more than ten meters welded together.
• the central section 8 pt have a smaller outer diameter than the end sections.
• the manufacture of the central section 8 long apart short end sections 6, 7 can significantly reduce the amount of waste, including chips machining. In this way a considerably higher material yield is obtained.
• the central section 8 may be in the form of a substantially constant bore tube and substantially constant outside diameter (nominal diameter of the drill pipe), with possibly an excess thickness at the ends towards the sections 6 and 7 to facilitate the connection by welding to said sections 6 and 7.
• the section 6 (female tool-seal) comprises a female connection portion 9 of cylindrical outer annular surface having a bore 9a provided with a female thread for connection to a male thread of another rod 1.
• the female thread 9a may be truncated, for example according to API 7 specification or according to one of the applicant's patents , for example, QS 7,210,710, US 6,513,840.
• the connecting portion 9 constitutes the free end of the end section 6 and of the rod 1.
• the end section 6 then comprises, on an outer surface, an activation zone 10, a sectional view of which is given in FIG. 3.
• the activation zone 10 comprises an outer surface tangent to the outer cylindrical surface of the portion 9, while being able to have a very slight annular hollow relative to the outer diameter of the connecting portion 9, then an increasing outer diameter.
• the activation zone 10 comprises an outer surface tangent to the outer cylindrical surface of the portion 9, while being able to have a very slight annular hollow relative to the outer diameter of the connecting portion 9, then an
• the angle of inclination of the helix grooves 11 relative to the axis 2 can be between 7 and 45 degrees.
• the bottom of the grooves 11 comprises a portion 11a of decreasing diameter with respect to the connecting portion 9, an annular bottom 11b of short length and an inclined portion lie on the opposite side to the connecting portion 9 to reach the outer diameter of the activation zone 11.
• the annular hollow of the outer surface of the activation zone 10 is located substantially at the inclined portion 11a of the groove 11.
• the grooves 11 have an asymmetrical profile shaped scoop with an obtuse angle with respect to the outer cylindrical surface of the activation zone 10 on one side and an acute angle on the opposite side. The acute angle may be provided on the rear or exit side of the grooves in the direction of rotation of the drill string (arrow 91).
• the obtuse angle provided on the front or groove inlet side is designed to facilitate the entry of the fluid threads into the grooves 11.
• the grooves 11 provide makes their asymmetric profile a function of scooping debris.
• the activation zone 10 may be provided with grooves 11 in number of between seven and ten, for example nine.
• the axial length of the portion 11a can be between 10 and 70 mm, preferably between 35 and 45 mm, for example equal to 39 mm.
• the axial length of the central portion 11b may be between 5 and 40 mm, preferably between 10 and 15 mm, for example equal to 11 mm.
• the angle ⁇ 1 of the first portion 11a with respect to the axis may be between 10 and 30 °, preferably between 15 and 25 °, for example equal to 20 °.
• the angle ⁇ 1 of the portion lie may be between 30 and 60 °, preferably between 40 and 50 °, for example equal to 45 °.
• connection fillet between said portions may be between 3 and 10 mm radius.
• the depth of the grooves 11 may be between 5 and 20 mm, preferably between 10 and 15 mm.
• the acute angle of the downstream edge of the groove 11, complementary to ⁇ i may be between 50 and 80 °, preferably between 60 and 70 °, for example equal to 65 °.
• the distance d1 between two grooves 11 on the outside of the activation portion 10 may be between 20 and 40 mm, for example between 25 and 30 mm.
• the activation zone 10 ensures a recirculation effect of the mud and debris during drilling (downward rotation of the drill string) and scraping of the walls of the hole at the rise of the drill string.
• the rod 1 then comprises on its outer surface, away from the connecting portion 9, a bearing zone 12.
• the bearing zone 12 comprises a guide portion 13, a central support portion 14 and a guide portion 15. In the direction of flow 5 of the drilling mud outside the rod 1, the guide portion 13 is downstream and the guide portion 15 is upstream.
• the bearing zone 12 may have an axial length of the order of 50 to 110 mm, preferably of the order of 70 to 80 mm.
• the central support portion 14 has a cylindrical shape of revolution of outside diameter greater than the outside diameter of the other parts of the rod 1.
• the guide portions 13 and 15 have an outer rounded shape of revolution, for example toroidal, ogival or ellipsoidal.
• the guide portions 13 and 15 are tangentially external to the central support portion 12.
• the guide portion 13 is externally tangent to the outer surface of the activation zone 10.
• the guide portion 15 is externally tangential to the zone activation 16 described later.
• the guide portions 14 may have a length of the order of half the length of the bearing zone 12.
• the bearing zone 12, in particular the supporting section 14, can be made in the form of a coating or a hardening material that is harder than the rest of the rod 1.
• the hard material can comprise tungsten carbide or of chromium.
• the hard material may have a thickness of between 1 and 10 mm, for example between 2 and 4 mm.
• Said hard material is in the form of a hard coating that can be provided by a welding operation or thermal projection (for example in a flame or a plasma).
• the bearing zone 12 is provided to support axial friction and rotation against the wall of the drilled hole.
• the bearing zone 12, in particular the profile of the guide portions, allows the fluid to generate a fluid bearing effect.
• the activation zone 16, disposed upstream of the bearing zone 12 in the direction of flow of the drilling mud outside the rod 1, comprises a generally increasing outer diameter in the direction of flow of the the drilling mud according to the arrow 5.
• the outer shape may for example be ovoid convex.
• the activation zone 16 is tangentially connected on one side to the guide portion
• the activation zone 16 comprises a plurality of grooves 17 of general shape similar to that of the grooves 11 and of different dimensions.
• the grooves 17 may be between four and eight, for example six.
• the activation zone 16 ensures scooping of sludge and debris with recirculation effect of the sludge during drilling (lowering of the drill string).
• the inclination on the axis of the helix of the grooves 11 situated downstream of the grooves 17 can be smaller than that of the grooves 17.
• a groove 17 comprises a downstream portion 17a adjacent to the guide portion 15, a central portion 17b having a cylindrical bottom and an upstream portion 17c of decreasing diameter in the direction of the arrow 5.
• the downstream portion 17a may have an angle ⁇ 2 relative to the axis 2 between 30 and 60 °, preferably between 40 and 50 °, for example equal to 45 °.
• the upstream portion 17c may have an angle ⁇ 2 with respect to the axis 2 of between 10 and 30 °, preferably between 15 and 25 °, for example equal to 20 °.
• the axial length of the central portion 17b may be between 20 and 60 mm, more preferably between 30 and 40 mm, for example equal to 36 mm.
• the axial length of the upstream portion 17c may be between 10 and 50 mm, preferably between 20 and 30 mm, for example equal to 24 mm.
• the central portion 17b may have a diameter smaller than the diameter of the central portion 11b of the grooves 11 of the activation zone 10.
• the grooves 17 may have a depth greater than the depth of the grooves 11, preferably more than twice as deep. .
• the depth of the grooves 17 may be between 20 and 30 mm, preferably between 25 and 28 mm. It is preferable that the thickness of material between the cylindrical bottom 17b of the grooves and the bore 3 is greater than that of the connection zone 18 described hereinafter.
• the groove base diameter may be greater than or equal to the outside diameter of the connection zone 18.
• ⁇ 2 for example between 50 and 80 °, preferably between 60 and 70 °, for example equal to 65 °.
• the distance d 2 between two grooves 17 may be between 10 and 50 mm, preferably between 20 and 40 mm, for example equal to 30 mm in the zone where said distance is minimal.
• the end section 6 may comprise a conical elevator zone 92 (intended to support the rod when it is raised and held by the elevator of the drilling tower before its connection to another rod) tangential to the outer surface of the activation zone 16, then a connecting zone 18 having a cylindrical outer surface to its end welded to the central section 8.
• the upstream end portion 7 (male tool-seal) has a shape very generally symmetrical to that of the end section 6.
• the end section 7 comprises on its outer surface, in the direction of the arrow 4, a zone connection 19, an activation zone 20 provided with grooves 21, a bearing zone 22 comprising a downstream guide portion 23, a central support portion 24 and an upstream guide portion 25, an activation zone 26 provided with grooves 27 and a male connection area 28.
• the connecting zone 19 has a cylindrical outer shape of revolution fixed on one side by welding to the central section 8 and tangent on the opposite side to the activation zone 20.
• the activation zone 20 is provided with grooves 21 in number between four and eight, for example equal to six.
• the grooves 21 may have geometric features seen in section shown in Figure 5 close to the geometric characteristics of the grooves 17, but with a slightly lower depth.
• the activation zone 20 ensures a recirculation effect of the sludge and debris during the drilling (lowering of the drill string) and scraping of the hole at the rise of the drill string.
• the grooves 21 comprise two main portions instead of three for the grooves 11 and 17.
• the grooves 21 comprise a downstream portion 21a located in the extension of the outer surface of the connection zone 19 so as to maintain a rod wall thickness at the portions 21a of the grooves 21 at least equal to that of the wall of the connection zone 19.
• the bottom of the grooves 21 is substantially flat.
• the grooves 21 comprise an upstream portion 21b inclined to join the outer diameter of the activation zone 20.
• the upstream portion 21b may have an angle of inclination ⁇ 3 with respect to the axis 2, between 30 and 60 °, preferably between 40 and 50 °, for example equal to 45 °.
• the outer surface of the activation zone 20 has a generally convex shape, for example ogival between the connection zone 19 and the bearing zone 22.
• the axial length of the downstream portion 21a can be between 50 and 100 mm, preferably between 60 and 80 mm, more preferably still less than the average radius of the guide sections.
• the distance d 3 between the grooves 21 may be equal to the distance d 2 .
• the bearing zone 22 may have geometrical, physical and / or chemical characteristics similar to those of the bearing zone 12.
• the downstream guide portion 23 is tangent to the outer surface of the activation zone 20 and to the outer surface of the bearing portion 22.
• the upstream guide portion 25 is tangent to the outer surface of the activation zone 26 and to the outer surface of the bearing portion 22.
• the activation zone 26 comprises a plurality of grooves 27, for example in number between five and ten, for example seven.
• the outer surface of the activation zone 26 comprises a portion of diameter increasing in the direction of the arrow 5 then a portion of decreasing diameter connecting to the outer diameter of the connecting portion 28.
• the bottom of the grooves 27 comprises a downstream portion 27a of increasing diameter in the direction of the arrow 5, a central portion 27b of cylindrical bottom, and an upstream portion 27c of decreasing diameter in the direction of the arrow 5.
• the downstream portion 27a may have an angle ⁇ 4 with respect to the axis 2 of between 30 and 60 °, preferably between 40 and 50 °, for example equal to 45 °.
• the upstream portion 27c may have an angle Of 4 with respect to the axis 2 between 10 and 30 °, preferably between 15 and 25 °, for example equal to 20 °.
• the diameter of the central portion 27b may be between the diameter of the central portion 11b of the grooves 11 and the diameter of the central portion 17b of the grooves 17.
• the axial length of the central portion 27b may be between 10 and 50 mm, preferably between 20 and 30 mm.
• the axial length of the upstream portion 27c may be between 20 and 80 mm, preferably between 40 and 60 mm, for example equal to 53 mm.
• the activation zone 26 provides a scooping with recirculation effect of sludge and debris during drilling (down the drill string).
• the grooves 27 have an upstream edge in the direction of rotation of the drill string at an obtuse angle to the outer circumference of the activation zone 26 and a acute angle on the side of the downstream edge, complementary to ⁇ 4 for example with an angle of between 50 and 80 ° relative to the outer circumference, preferably between 60 and 70 °, for example equal to 65 e .
• the depth of the grooves 27 may be between 15 and 30 mm, preferably between 20 and 25 mm.
• the distance d 4 between the grooves may be between 10 and 40 mm, preferably between 20 and 35 mm, for example equal to 25 mm.
• the connecting zone 28 upstream of the activation zone 26 has a cylindrical outer shape of revolution.
• the connection zone 28 also includes a male thread 28a provided to cooperate with a corresponding female thread.
• the profiled element 1 comprises two support zones 12 and 22 separated from each other and each surrounded by two activation zones, respectively 10 and 16, 20 and 26.
• the distance between the bearing zones 12 and 22 may be relatively large, for example of the order of 5 to 15 m depending on the length of the profiled element 1.
• the central section 8 is in the form of a part of revolution of maximum diameter much smaller than the maximum diameter of the end sections 6 and 7 (tool-joints) can be manufactured from a tubular blank of outside diameter clearly lower, for example of the order of 15 to 30% to the outer diameter of the end sections 6 and 7. This considerably reduces the amount of material to be machined relative to a rod 1 made from a one-piece blank.
• the sections 6, 7 and 8 are welded together, for example by friction, before or after machining the grooves of the activation zones and before or after formation of the hard reinforcement of the bearing zones 12 and 22.
• a drill string can be composed of rods 1 to which are added or not other elements such as fittings, or heavy rods, drill collars or stabilizers. It is particularly interesting to compose a trim and more particularly a train of. rods from a high proportion of rods 1 providing excellent drilling characteristics, including linear speed of advance, low drive torque, and low abrasion of the drilled hole. Indeed, the activation zones 10, 16, 20 and 26 cause a movement of the drilling mud and debris located outside the rod 1 with a scraping effect, especially in the case of deviated wells substantially horizontal in which the drilling debris tends to settle in the lower part of the drilled hole.
• the bearing zone 12, 22 is made of a material of hardness greater than the hardness of the remainder of the rod 1 and on a radial thickness such that the outside diameter of the bearing section decreased by twice as much. radial thickness is greater than the outer diameter of a threaded portion of the element.
• At least one guide section may have a toroidal shape preferably of average radius greater than 20 mm, preferably 60 mm, for forming a fluid bearing.
• At least one activation zone may have an increasing outer diameter towards the bearing zone.
• At least one guide section may have an ogival or ellipsoidal shape.
• the length of the support section may be between 20 and 50 mm, preferably between 30 and 40 mm.
• the length of the bearing zone may be between 50 and 100 mm, preferably between 70 and 80 mm, more preferably smaller than the average radius of the guide sections.
• Figure 15 shows an assembly of two rods 1 by their threads 9a and 28a.
• the bearing zone 12 and the activation zones 10, 16 of one of the rods are relatively close to the bearing zone 22 and the activation zones 20 and 26 of the other rod (distance from the order of less than 0.50 m).
• the mud and debris In view of the direction of circulation of the mud and debris outside the drill string, the mud and debris first encounter the activation zone 16, then the support zone 12, then the zone of activation 10 then a few tens of cm activation area 26, then the support zone 22 and finally the activation zone 20.
• the inclination angle of the grooves 21 may be chosen smaller than that of the grooves 27, the inclination angle of the grooves 27 may be chosen smaller than that of the grooves 11 and the angle the inclination of the grooves 11 may be chosen smaller than that of the grooves 17.
• a rod 41 may comprise an end section 7 (male tool-seal) comprising an activation zone 20 downstream of a downstream support zone 22, an activation zone 26 upstream of an upstream support zone 42 and an activation zone 46 between said downstream and upstream support zones, see Figure 10.
• the rod 41 provides increased sludge activation and excellent sliding on the walls of the well.
• a rod 31 may comprise a section 6 (female tool-seal) comprising an activation zone 16 upstream of an upstream support zone 12 and an activation zone 11 between a downstream support zone 32 and said upstream bearing zone 12, see Figure 9.
• the section 31 comprises two support zones and two activation zones.
• the profiled element 1 is a drill collar.
• the profiled element 1 comprises four bearing zones 12, 22, 52 and 62, each surrounded by activation zones 10 and 16, 20 and 26, 50, and 56, 60 and 66.
• the profiled element 1 is a heavy rod.
• the profiled element 1 comprises four bearing zones 12, 22, 52 and 62, each surrounded by activation zones 10 and 16, 20 and 26, 50 and 56, 60 and 66.
• a stabilizer 70 for example disposed under the lower end of a drill string.
• the stabilizer 70 includes a male thread at one end and a female thread at another end.
• the stabilizer 70 comprises on its outer surface a bearing zone 12 comprising two downstream support sections 14 and upstream 74, and two activation zones 10 and 16 downstream and upstream of the bearing zone. 12.
• the support zone 12 comprises two guide sections 13, 15 respectively between the activation zone 10 and the downstream support section 14, and between the activation zone 16 and the support section.
• the support zone 12 comprises a connecting section 73 between the downstream support section 14 and the upstream support section 74.
• the connection section may have an outside diameter smaller than the outside diameter of the support sections. 14 and 74.
• the outer diameter of the activation zone 10 may be different from the outer diameter of the activation zone 16.
• the stabilizer 70 comprises a first tubular portion between the male thread and the bearing zone 12 and a second tubular portion between the female thread and the bearing zone 12.
• the outer diameter of each tubular portion is smaller than the maximum diameter the bearing zone 12, preferably less than 65% of the maximum diameter of the bearing zone 12.
• the outer diameter of the first tubular portion may be greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the second tubular portion.
• the length of the first tubular portion may be between 254 and 1219 mm.
• Grooves 71 of generally helical shape may be formed at least in the bearing zone 12 by forming stabilizer blades 75 between the grooves 71.
• the grooves 71 extend at least from the downstream support section 14 to the section of the groove 71. upstream support 74.
• the grooves 71 may be in number between two and six, for example three.
• the grooves 71 have an angle of inclination with respect to the axis 2 between 15 and 35 °. The angle of inclination can be between the angle of inclination of the grooves 11 of the activation zone 10 and the inclination angle of the grooves 17 of the activation zone 16.
• the grooves 71 can extending from the activation zone 10 to the activation zone 16.
• the grooves 71 may open at their ends in at least a portion of the grooves 11 and 17, for example three out of six.
• the grooves 71 provide a function of circulation of drilling muds, the outer diameter of the stabilizer can be close to that of the drilled hole and at least some of the blades 75 bearing against the lower surface of the hole.
• a connecting piece or "cross-over sub” 80 is devoid of grooves 71.
• the connecting piece 80 may have a bearing zone 41 similar to that illustrated in FIG. 10, a male thread at one end and a female thread at another end, a first tubular portion between the male thread and the male thread. bearing zone 41 and a second tubular portion between the female thread and the bearing zone 41.
• the outer diameter of each tubular portion is less than the maximum diameter of the bearing zone 12 which may itself be much smaller than the diameter of the drilled hole.
• the inertia of the first and second tubular portions may be close to the inertia of the ends of the components that are adjacent to them.
• the inertia of the first portion may be close to that of the drill collar. If the component adjacent to the second portion is a heavy rod, the inertia of the second portion may be close to that of the heavy rod.
• Each stabilizer 70 or connecting piece 80 may serve as a connection between a bottom hole assembly (BHA) and a drill string that may have heavy rods at its lower end.
• a stabilizer 70 or connecting piece 80 is disposed between a heavy rod (or a standard rod if no heavy rod is provided) forming part of the drill string and a drill collar or a drill collar. another component forming part of the downhole assembly. More particularly, the outer diameter of the upper tubular portion of the drill collar may be different from the outer diameter of the first tubular portion of the stabilizer 70 or the connecting piece 80. The outer diameter of the lower tubular portion of the heavy stem may be different from the outer diameter of the second tubular portion of the stabilizer 70 or the connecting piece 80.
• the stabilizers are ordinarily arranged within the bottom hole assembly (for example towards the lower and upper ends) .
• the establishment of a stabilizer 70 or a connecting piece 80 between the drill string and the downhole assembly provides special advantages during so-called backrea- ing operations.
• a standard configuration without component type 70, 80 between the set of bottoms and the drill stem, it tends to create an accumulation of debris or "dune" just above the set of downhole under backreaming trim conditions.
• the inventors have found the particularly beneficial influence on the evacuation of debris to have at least one component 70, 80 between the set of downhole and the drill string.
• a connecting piece 80 can make it possible to make a transition between the high inertia of a drill collar of the downhole assembly and the lower one of a heavy rod or a standard drill rod.
• the grooves 11, 17, 21, 27 may comprise a bottom portion inclined along a plane secant to the axis close to the adjacent bearing zone, the inclination of this plane relative to the axis being between 30 and 60 °, preferably between 40 and 50 °.
• At least a portion of the grooves 11, 17, 21, 27 may comprise a central portion whose bottom is in a plane substantially parallel to the axis.
• a rod may comprise a substantially tubular portion between an activation zone upstream of a first bearing zone and an activation zone downstream of a second bearing zone.
• the grooves of the activation zone upstream of the second bearing zone may comprise an inclined portion distant from the adjacent bearing zone, the bottom of which is inclined along a plane intersecting with the axis.
• the inclination of this plane relative to the axis may be between 10 and 30 °, preferably between 15 and 25 °.
• the grooves of the activation zone upstream of the second bearing zone may comprise a portion that is remote from the bearing zone, the bottom of which is inclined along a plane intersecting with the axis and of length lying between 20 and 80 mm, preferably between 40 and 60 mm, and a central portion whose bottom is in a substantially parallel plane. leles to the axis, of length between 10 and 50 mm, preferably between 20 and 30 mm.
• the grooves of the activation zone downstream of the second bearing zone may comprise a portion whose bottom is in a plane substantially parallel to the axis, with a length of between 50 and 120 mm, preferably between 70 and 80 mm.
• the grooves of the activation zone downstream of the second bearing zone may comprise a portion whose bottom is in a plane substantially parallel to the axis and tangential to an outer surface of a substantially tubular surface.
• the grooves of the activation zone upstream of the first bearing zone may comprise a portion whose bottom is inclined along a plane secant to the axis distant from the adjacent bearing zone.
• the inclination with respect to the axis may be between 10 and 30 °, preferably between 15 and 25 °.
• the grooves of the activation zone upstream of the first bearing zone may comprise a portion whose bottom is inclined along a plane intersecting with the axis distant from the adjacent bearing zone and of length lying between
• the grooves of the activation zone downstream of the first bearing zone may comprise a portion whose bottom is inclined along a plane intersecting with the axis distant from the adjacent bearing zone, the inclination relative to at the axis being between 10 and 30 °, preferably between 15 and 25 °.
• the grooves of the activation zone downstream of the first bearing zone may comprise a portion whose bottom is inclined according to a secant plane at the axis distant from the adjacent bearing zone and of length lying between and 70 mm, preferably between 35 and 45 mm, and a substantially axial central portion of length between 5 and 40 mm, preferably between 10 and 15 mm.
• the product of the depth of a groove and the number of grooves of an activation zone may be between 80 and 200 mm, preferably between 100 and 160 mm.
• the grooves of the activation zones may present with the outer surface of the activation zone an acute angle on an edge and an obtuse angle on the opposite edge in the circumferential direction and with respect to the outer circumference of the activation zone. .
• the acute angle can have a value between 60 ° and 70 °.
• the distance between two grooves of an activation zone may be between 10 and 50 mm, preferably between 20 and 35 mm.
• the depth of a groove of an activation zone may be between 10 and 40 mm, preferably between 11 and 28 mm.
• the grooves have a generally angular helix shape with respect to the decreasing axis from upstream to downstream of a bearing zone.
• a section as described above may be provided with a threaded connection at one of its ends and without thread at the other end.
• a drill pipe may comprise at least one section of this type (consisting for example from a tool-joint) and a tube whose end face is welded to the end of said threaded end without threading. (welding said end).
• the drill pipe may comprise two sections connected by a tube welded by its end faces to the threadless end of each section. It is possible to form a drill string comprising at least 80% of drill pipes according to the invention, or even 100%.
• a drilling rod element is available which allows a considerable improvement in the drilling performance, in particular an increase in the forward speed of the order of 10 to 30%, a reduction in the friction torque of the order from 10 to 60%, a decrease in axial friction of the order of 10 to 50%, an increase in the life of the drill string of the order of 10 to 30% and an increase in the total length of the hole drilled on the order of 1 to 2 km.

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• 2009
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