EP2295761B1 - Appareil de capture d'images à l'état solide et système de capture d'images - Google Patents

Appareil de capture d'images à l'état solide et système de capture d'images Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2295761B1
EP2295761B1 EP09168895A EP09168895A EP2295761B1 EP 2295761 B1 EP2295761 B1 EP 2295761B1 EP 09168895 A EP09168895 A EP 09168895A EP 09168895 A EP09168895 A EP 09168895A EP 2295761 B1 EP2295761 B1 EP 2295761B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressor
turbocharger
surge
internal combustion
combustion engine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09168895A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2295761A1 (fr
Inventor
Simon Petrovic
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Publication date
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Priority to EP09168895A priority Critical patent/EP2295761B1/fr
Publication of EP2295761A1 publication Critical patent/EP2295761A1/fr
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Publication of EP2295761B1 publication Critical patent/EP2295761B1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
    • F02D41/0007—Controlling intake air for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F02D41/28—Interface circuits
    • F02D2041/286—Interface circuits comprising means for signal processing
    • F02D2041/288—Interface circuits comprising means for signal processing for performing a transformation into the frequency domain, e.g. Fourier transformation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a method of and an apparatus for monitoring the operation of an internal combustion engine.
  • Turbochargers usually operate both in respect of the compressor and also in respect of the turbine in a well-defined working area which can also be referred to as the characteristic map of the turbocharger. Unstable operation of the turbocharger can lead to a reduction in the service life as well as detrimental effects in terms of driving sensation.
  • the range of compressor pumping or surge is characterised by operation with fluctuations in respect of mass flow and pressure, in respect of which a reversed or negative flow can occur.
  • the surge effect leads to a reduction in the performance and the efficiency of the compressor and markedly audible generation of noise and also mechanical malfunctions ultimately leading to damage to the turbocharger itself, which can also result inter alia in warranty claims.
  • a corrected MAF value mass air flow
  • PRC pressure ratio compressor
  • the MAF value is estimated in other ways, for example by means of turbocharger speed sensors, by way of real-time modelling of the induction manifold or by means of methods based on the use of an oxygen sensor.
  • the MAP signal is however filtered by the induction manifold, wherein, in the case of an arrangement downstream of the exhaust gas recycling inlet (EGR inlet), the effect is attenuated even more.
  • turbocharger speed sensors for avoiding overspeeding of the turbocharger are already established in commercial vehicles, the introduction of such sensors in the mass production of passenger cars is not yet wid e-spread.
  • turbocharger speed sensors are used for implementing advanced turbocharger control and for diagnostic devices such as for example in multi-turbocharger systems in which damage to a turbine shut-off valve can be detected by way of the secondary turbocharger speed measurement.
  • US 2004/0216457 A1 discloses an apparatus and method for automatic detection and avoidance of turbocharger surge on locomotive diesel engines, wherein in one embodiment a predetermined amount of change in the turbocharger speed is measured over a predefined period of time.
  • the engine control system increases the speed of the engine when the existence of a surge in the compressor is indicated, e.g. for a change in the turbocharger speed of 200 rpm over a period of one second.
  • US 7,089,738 B1 discloses a system for controlling turbocharger compressor surge, wherein a mass flow rate surge value is determined as a function of a speed signal indicative of turbocharger speed, and wherein the EGR valve position and VGT position are limited as a function of the mass flow rate surge value to maintain exhaust gas flow through the EGR valve at a flow rate below which turbocharger compressor surge is avoided.
  • a problem of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for monitoring the operation of an internal combustion engine, which permit quick reliable detection of compressor surge.
  • a method according to the invention of monitoring the operation of an internal combustion engine, wherein the internal combustion engine has a turbocharger with a compressor has the following steps: Ascertaining at least one turbocharger speed signal and calculating a characteristic based on the turbocharger speed signal, wherein the existence of a surge of the compressor is established on the basis of said characteristic, wherein calculation of a characteristic based on the turbocharger speed signal is effected on the basis of the relationship wherein ⁇ denotes the turbocharger speed, P t is the turbine power, P c denotes the compressor power and J denotes the moment of inertia of the whole turbocharger.
  • the invention is based in particular on the concept of using a turbocharger speed sensor to define a characteristic based on the turbocharger speed signal and which in turn can serve as a direct measurement for existing or incipient surge of the compressor.
  • the invention is therefore based in particular on the realisation that compressor surge represents a further property which can be diagnosed by means of the turbocharger speed.
  • the method and the apparatus according to the invention permit more reliable and faster detection of compressor surge.
  • the method further includes the following steps: ascertaining N sample values for the turbocharger speed (TSS value) and calculating the value J/2 ⁇ (d ⁇ 2 /dt) for said sample values.
  • the N sample values can be subjected in particular to a Fourier transform.
  • compressor surge is assumed to be “active” if the characteristic based on the turbocharger speed signal exceeds a (preferably) calibratable threshold value for a time period (which is preferably also calibratable).
  • active control can also be provided to the effect that suitable corrective measures are taken in the event of detection of compressor surge.
  • the reference value for the boost pressure can be reduced when compressor surge is detected.
  • the invention further concerns an apparatus for monitoring the operation of an internal combustion engine.
  • an apparatus for monitoring the operation of an internal combustion engine attention is directed to the foregoing description relating to the method.
  • T c compressor torque T t turbine torque P c compressor power P t turbine power J moment of inertia of the whole turbocharger (including turbine, compressor and shaft) ⁇ (also: TSS value) turbocharger speed
  • Figure 1 shows a typical characteristic compressor map in which the pressure ratio is plotted in dependence on the reduced mass flow rate (in m 3 /s). In that respect the efficiency in the normal operating range is well-defined.
  • the algorithm according to the invention is implemented by following blocks 220-240.
  • block 220 firstly involves calculation of the value J/ 2 (d ⁇ 2 /dt) which in accordance with equation (3) corresponds to the difference between turbine power and compressor power and can thus serve to ascertain a characteristic value for the onset of compressor surge.
  • N sample values for the turbocharger speed (TSS value) are put into intermediate storage in accordance with the illustrated embodiment. Then a Fourier transform is performed for those values (function block 231). The value J/2(d ⁇ 2 /dt) is then calculated therefrom in the frequency range or interval [f 1 , f 2 ].
  • signal intermediate storage and/or a fast Fourier transform cannot be implemented.
  • the signal power calculated in the signal processing block 230 is fed to a function block 240 for the monitor algorithm.
  • a characteristic value M[f 1 , f 2 ] in the interval [f 1 , f 2 ] can be ascertained as follows in a block 241:
  • a further block 242 involves ascertaining whether the characteristic value exceeds a predetermined limit value, that is to say whether the condition M[f 1 , f 2 ] > M thresh is met. If that is the case a direct flag character 245 or a message about the existence of compressor surge is produced and firstly subjected to checking in a fault diagnosis unit 250.
  • the direct flag character 245 is still held or checked for a calibratable period of time for avoidance purposes in the fault diagnosis unit 250 to avoid false readings and is finally output as a confirmed flag character 255 or confirmed message concerning the existence of compressor surge.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Procédé de surveillance du fonctionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne, lequel moteur à combustion interne comprend un turbocompresseur équipé d'un compresseur, le procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    la détermination d'au moins un signal de vitesse du turbocompresseur ; et
    le calcul d'une caractéristique à partir du signal de vitesse du turbocompresseur,
    l'existence d'un pompage du compresseur étant établie à partir de ladite caractéristique,
    le procédé étant caractérisé en ce que
    le calcul d'une caractéristique à partir du signal de vitesse du turbocompresseur s'effectue à partir de la relation J 2 ⁢ dω 2 dt = P t - P c
    Figure imgb0007
    et comprend les étapes suivantes
    - la détermination de N valeurs d'échantillonnage pour la vitesse du turbocompresseur ; et
    - le calcul de la valeur J/2 (dω2/dt) pour lesdites valeurs d'échantillonnage ;
    ω désignant la vitesse du turbocompresseur, Pt la puissance de la turbine, Pc la puissance du compresseur et J le moment d'inertie de l'ensemble du turbocompresseur.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    en cas de détection d'un pompage du compresseur, une mesure corrective est adoptée dans le but de réduire le pompage du compresseur.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un pompage du compresseur est détecté si ladite caractéristique dépasse une valeur limite prédéfinie pendant une période de temps prédéfinie.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les N valeurs d'échantillonnage sont soumises à une transformation de Fourier.
  5. Appareil de surveillance du fonctionnement d'un moteur à combustion interne, lequel moteur à combustion interne comprend un turbocompresseur équipé d'un compresseur,
    l'appareil étant caractérisé en ce que
    il est adapté à mettre en oeuvre un procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4.
EP09168895A 2009-08-28 2009-08-28 Appareil de capture d'images à l'état solide et système de capture d'images Not-in-force EP2295761B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09168895A EP2295761B1 (fr) 2009-08-28 2009-08-28 Appareil de capture d'images à l'état solide et système de capture d'images

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09168895A EP2295761B1 (fr) 2009-08-28 2009-08-28 Appareil de capture d'images à l'état solide et système de capture d'images

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2295761A1 EP2295761A1 (fr) 2011-03-16
EP2295761B1 true EP2295761B1 (fr) 2012-10-24

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109252965A (zh) * 2017-07-12 2019-01-22 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 用于具有废气阀涡轮机的发动机组件的气路控制

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014201947B3 (de) 2014-02-04 2015-01-22 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung eines Ladeluftmassenstroms
DE102020215917A1 (de) * 2020-12-15 2022-06-15 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Strömungsmaschine, Steuergerät

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6945047B2 (en) 2002-10-21 2005-09-20 General Electric Company Apparatus and method for automatic detection and avoidance of turbocharger surge on locomotive diesel engines
US6871498B1 (en) * 2003-12-20 2005-03-29 Honeywell International, Inc. Compressor surge protector for electric assisted turbocharger
US7089738B1 (en) 2005-04-09 2006-08-15 Cummins, Inc. System for controlling turbocharger compressor surge
US8307645B2 (en) * 2005-11-02 2012-11-13 General Electric Company Apparatus and method for avoidance of turbocharger surge on locomotive diesel engines

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109252965A (zh) * 2017-07-12 2019-01-22 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 用于具有废气阀涡轮机的发动机组件的气路控制

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