EP2288473B1 - Verfahren zum ultraschallkugelstrahlen von turbomaschinenteilen - Google Patents

Verfahren zum ultraschallkugelstrahlen von turbomaschinenteilen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2288473B1
EP2288473B1 EP09732287A EP09732287A EP2288473B1 EP 2288473 B1 EP2288473 B1 EP 2288473B1 EP 09732287 A EP09732287 A EP 09732287A EP 09732287 A EP09732287 A EP 09732287A EP 2288473 B1 EP2288473 B1 EP 2288473B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
balls
groove
shot
blasting
hook
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Active
Application number
EP09732287A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2288473A1 (de
Inventor
Ana Viguera Sancho
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Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
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SNECMA SAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/005—Vibratory devices, e.g. for generating abrasive blasts by ultrasonic vibrations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/47—Burnishing
    • Y10T29/479—Burnishing by shot peening or blasting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for treating and compressing surfaces comprising areas of difficult access, more specifically the axial retaining hooks of turbomachine blades comprising a groove between the hook and the root of the blade.
  • the axial retaining hooks of the vanes in the housing thereof on a turbine disk and the rims of the turbine disks comprising a radial axial retaining groove of the vanes are highly stressed.
  • the blade hooks undergo a high level of static stress, as to the grooves of the discs, there are problems of contact and wear between the disc and the flange applied against the face of the disc.
  • the prestressing shot peening operation is a mechanical treatment intended to improve the properties of a metal part by surface hardening. It is based on the structural transformation of materials.
  • the conventional method is to put the mechanical parts under superficial compression, by the projection of small steel balls, glass or ceramic. This micro-grinding operation creates a compressed zone which is the seat of internal compressive stresses by which the resistance is increased.
  • the surface is hammered by spraying BA 315 steel balls (0.315 mm diameter steel ball) with an intensity F15A (according to the Almen number).
  • a gas flow is used, produced by expansion through a nozzle, then the nozzle is moved parallel to the surface of the workpiece, or the workpiece relative to the nozzle, to cover the surface to be treated.
  • shot blasting Given the difficulty of accessibility of certain areas, this type of shot blasting can not be done in optimal conditions. Indeed, the shot blast can not be directed directly on the surface and shot blasting is done by rebound, in the best case.
  • Reball shot blasting is much less efficient because the balls arrive at the surface with a lower kinetic energy. Also, in in some cases, the level of compression is not sufficient to treat the surface of the room.
  • Laser shock treatment is a process that aims to generate plasticizing shock waves in a material, in order to also improve its surface properties.
  • the shock waves are obtained by focusing on the surface of the material a very intense laser pulse (GW / cm2) in the presence of a confinement medium for very short durations (a few nanoseconds).
  • the treatment is capable of inducing residual compressive stresses of thicknesses up to several hundred micrometers on a wide variety of materials, particularly for applications in the field of steels, aluminum alloys or titanium .
  • the treatment allows the improvement of surface properties, such as resistance to fatigue, wear or corrosion.
  • One of the advantages of this technique lies in the fact that the surface states of the pieces are little modified.
  • the applicant has set a goal of treating surfaces on a turbomachine blade axial retention hook having areas of difficult access to gas turbine engine parts using the ultrasonic shot blasting process.
  • the ultrasonic shot blasting process makes it possible to compress and thereby harden the surface layers of metallic materials, the purpose of this technique being to improve the service life of the parts.
  • the method consists of vibrating a sonotrode, at frequencies close to the ultrasonic frequency, via acoustic elements, connected to a generator. Beads of different types are propelled towards the material to be blasted through the sonotrode.
  • the invention consists in applying the ultrasonic blasting process on said zones, like vane grooves, for which processes such as conventional shot blasting or laser shock do not allow a complete recovery of the surface.
  • the method of ultrasonic blasting, by means of a fog of balls set in motion in contact with a sonotrode, of a metal surface comprising a difficult access zone is characterized in that the surface being that of an axial retaining hook of a turbomachine blade comprising a groove formed between the hook and the root of the blade and a surface portion external to said groove, the ball mist is contained in an enclosure enclosing said surface.
  • the application of the method gives the possibility of a deeper compression in the areas of difficult access and, consequently, allows the improvement of the tolerance to damage (fatigue, fretting, ..).
  • the document DE 102004059592 discloses a method of ultrasonic shot blasting using a fog of balls of a metal surface comprising a difficult access area, with a groove but does not teach the treatment of a surface comprising an axial retaining hook d a turbomachine dawn.
  • the shot peening process targets parts made of a material of the group steel, titanium alloy or nickel-based superalloy or aluminum
  • the invention is of interest when said hook groove has a width of between 1.5 mm and 10 mm and a depth of between 1.5 mm and 20 mm.
  • Reference processing time is between 5 and 200 seconds.
  • the sonotrode forms a portion of the wall of the enclosure.
  • the patent is known FR2816538 which describes a method for increasing the life of the blade attachments on a turbine rotor employing ultrasonic blasting of the grooves and blade roots. Shot peening is carried out with an Almen arrow at least equal to F8A in order to increase the compression prestressing of the surfaces in contact without increasing the roughness.
  • the balls are projected by the percussion of a vibrating sonrode and contained in a chamber formed by the annular or axial groove, the sonotrode being introduced into the mouth of the latter and two ears covering the lateral openings.
  • the patent FR 2873609 is concerned with ultrasonic shot blasting and the use of projectiles to obtain a sufficient intensity of treatment on concave surfaces having a radius of curvature lower than that of the projectiles.
  • the projectiles have both a high hardness and a density while being of small dimension and their use makes it possible to treat areas that are difficult to access with conventional projectiles having small radii of curvature. These projectiles are capable of acquiring kinetic energy large enough to generate the desired level of stress in the room.
  • This patent describes several embodiments of enclosures adapted to the configuration of the surfaces to be treated. However his teaching does not include the treatment of parts having a part with a throat of small opening.
  • the rotor discs comprise a rim, on the periphery of which is mounted a plurality of removable blades.
  • the blades are mounted in axial grooves, dovetail for example, machined in the rim, and include a foot, also dovetail, machined at the base of the blade, the assembly being effected by the fitting of the foot into the groove.
  • the blade roots are nested in the grooves by sliding, with limited play.
  • the feet are immobilized axially by means of axial retaining hooks integral with the blade root. The hooks cooperate with a transverse rod disposed between the root of the blade and the hook.
  • the grooves contain the axial movement of the feet of dawn.
  • the material is included in the group steel, titanium alloy, superalloy based on nickel or aluminum.
  • the figure 1 presents the geometry concerned by applying the method of the invention.
  • the surface to be treated comprises the interior of the groove 5 formed between the hook 20 and the foot 13 of the blade as well as the adjacent outer surface portion 7. It consists of an inverted U-shaped zone 5. The width of this zone varies between 1.5 mm and 10 mm, and the depth varies between 1.5 mm and 20 mm.
  • the surface to be treated also comprises the surface portion 7 of the outer hook at the groove 5.
  • the hooks are highly stressed; the high level of static stresses on said hooks can cause problems of breakage and wear.
  • the figure 4 shows the tools developed to allow ultrasonic blasting of the hooks.
  • the blade 10 comprises, schematically a blade 11, a foot 13, section for example dovetail, and possibly a stilt.
  • a platform is interposed between the foot 13 and the blade 11.
  • the tooling 30 comprises a support plate with a vibrating surface 32 and a sonotrode, excited by means for producing vibrations at an ultrasonic frequency, not shown in the drawings.
  • Said vibrating surface constitutes the active wall of an enclosure 25.
  • an opening 26 is formed, through which the hook 20 has been introduced. dawn 10.
  • the opening 26 is closed by the face of the foot of the blade with the hook.
  • the hook 20 is thus included in the enclosure.
  • the groove 5 and the surface portion 7 of the hook, adjacent and external to the groove, are included in the enclosure.
  • the throat here has a width of 3.2 mm and a depth of 7.26 mm.
  • the vibrating surface 32 is situated at a short distance from the hook 20. It is wider than the groove 5 and at least partially sees the surface portion of the external hook at the groove 5.
  • Balls 2 with a diameter of 1.5 mm, are introduced into the chamber 25 through the opening 26.
  • a ball fog is created. in the chamber 25.
  • the balls are propelled towards the hook 20, striking the wall of said groove 5 and the adjacent surface portion 7.
  • the frequency of the ultrasonic oscillations, the dimensions of the vibrating surface 32, as well as the diameter, the material and the mass of the balls are chosen so that the zone of the groove of the hook but also the portion of the outer surface at the groove is shot blast homogeneously for a very short time.
  • a significant advantage of ultrasonic shot blasting is that its implementation requires only a small amount of beads. In the present case, it is therefore possible to use high quality balls such as steel rolling balls. These beads have a higher hardness than tungsten carbide balls.
  • the steel bearing balls do not break, they are perfectly spherical, and therefore do not produce sharp edges that can increase the roughness of the surface of the shot-blasted part.
  • the blasting time is determined according to the recovery rate, the recovery ratio being the ratio between the impacted surface and the total surface exposed to shot blasting.
  • the development of ultrasonic shot blasting was carried out on a hook 20 over an area 3.2 mm wide and 7.26 mm deep.
  • the parameters used for the process were as follows: diameter of the beads between 300 ⁇ m and 2.5 mm, with a mass of between 0.5 and 5 grams, an amplitude of between 20 and 500 ⁇ m, and with a treatment time varying between 5 and 200 seconds.
  • the figure 5 shows the profile of the stresses obtained by ultrasonic peening, object of the invention, in the zone 2 of the hook 20 shown in FIG. figure 2 .
  • SEM analysis provides a reflected image of the sample (magnified up to 100,000 times or more), highlighting details that can not be detected otherwise.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Ultraschall-Kugelstrahlverfahren mit einem Kugelnebel, dessen Kugeln durch die Berührung mit einer Sonotrode in Bewegung versetzt werden, für eine Metallfläche umfassend einen schwer zugänglichen Bereich, durch die Tatsache gekennzeichnet, dass die Fläche jene eines mittigen Haltehakens (20) einer Turbotriebwerkschaufel ist, umfassend eine Nut (5), die zwischen dem Haken und dem Fuß der Schaufel und einem Abschnitt der Fläche (7) angeordnet ist, der außerhalb der besagten Nut liegt, und der Kugelnebel in einer Kammer (25) enthalten ist, die den besagten Flächenabschnitt (7) außerhalb der besagten Nut und die besagte Nut einschließt.
  2. Kugelstrahlverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dessen besagte Nut (5) eine Breite zwischen 1,5 mm und 10 mm, und eine Tiefe zwischen 1,5 mm und 20 mm aufweist.
  3. Kugelstrahlverfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wonach Kugeln zur Anwendung kommen, die:
    a. einen Durchmesser kleiner oder gleich 2,5 mm aufweisen
    b. ein Gewicht größer oder gleich 0,5 g aufweisen.
  4. Verfahren nach dem vorherigen Anspruch, bei dem die Amplitude der Kugelwege größer oder gleich 20 µm ist.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, bei dem die Behandlungsdauer zwischen 5 und 200 Sekunden liegt.
  6. Kugelstrahlverfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die Kugeln einen Durchmesser zwischen 300 µm und 2,5 mm aufweisen.
  7. Kugelstrahlverfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die Kugeln Lagerkugeln aus Stahl oder Kugeln aus Wolframkarbid oder aus Aluminiumkarbid sind.
  8. Verfahren nach dem vorherigen Anspruch, bei dem die Sonotrode einen Abschnitt der Kammerwand (25) bildet.
  9. Kugelstrahlverfahren nach einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, bei dem die Haken aus einem Material der Gruppe Stahl, Titanlegierung oder Superlegierung basierend auf Nickel und Aluminium ausgeführt sind.
EP09732287A 2008-04-18 2009-04-17 Verfahren zum ultraschallkugelstrahlen von turbomaschinenteilen Active EP2288473B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0802178A FR2930184B1 (fr) 2008-04-18 2008-04-18 Procede de grenaillage par ultrason de pieces de turbomachines.
PCT/EP2009/054595 WO2009127725A1 (fr) 2008-04-18 2009-04-17 Procede de grenaillage par ultrasons de pieces de turbomachines

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2288473A1 EP2288473A1 (de) 2011-03-02
EP2288473B1 true EP2288473B1 (de) 2012-01-18

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EP09732287A Active EP2288473B1 (de) 2008-04-18 2009-04-17 Verfahren zum ultraschallkugelstrahlen von turbomaschinenteilen

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US8627695B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2288473B1 (de)
JP (1) JP5511789B2 (de)
CN (1) CN102123828B (de)
AT (1) ATE541673T1 (de)
BR (1) BRPI0910574B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2721642C (de)
ES (1) ES2379577T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2930184B1 (de)
RU (1) RU2507055C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2009127725A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3055351B1 (fr) 2016-08-25 2019-11-08 Safran Procede de realisation d'un systeme barriere thermique sur un substrat metallique d'une piece de turbomachine
BE1025262B1 (fr) * 2017-05-31 2019-01-07 Safran Aero Boosters S.A. Procede de grenaillage pour piece de turbomachine
CN107630127B (zh) * 2017-08-07 2019-08-13 蔡晋 一种摆动式超声喷丸强化设备
WO2019097275A1 (en) * 2017-11-15 2019-05-23 Arcelormittal Treatment method for a cutting piece, and associated equipment
RU2702670C2 (ru) * 2018-03-19 2019-10-09 федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Рязанский государственный университет имени С.А. Есенина" Способ упрочнения металлических поверхностей
CN109518116A (zh) * 2018-11-16 2019-03-26 上海蜂云航空科技有限公司 一种锅炉水冷壁管表面防护的方法
CN109518115A (zh) * 2018-11-16 2019-03-26 上海蜂云航空科技有限公司 一种汽轮机叶片防水蚀的方法
RU2743500C1 (ru) * 2020-09-04 2021-02-19 Акционерное общество "Объединенная двигателестроительная корпорация" (АО "ОДК") Способ упрочнения поверхностного слоя лопаток компрессора газотурбинных двигателей
CN112760469B (zh) * 2020-12-28 2022-12-06 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 一种金属材料的表面改性方法
CN112974801A (zh) * 2021-02-04 2021-06-18 东睦新材料集团股份有限公司 一种粉末冶金零件的制备方法
CN113305743B (zh) * 2021-05-06 2022-03-11 武汉理工大学 一种航发轴承内圈电磁复合场微纳靶向修复装置及方法

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SU1521564A1 (ru) * 1986-12-26 1989-11-15 Производственное объединение "Ленинградский завод турбинных лопаток" им.50-летия СССР Способ упрочнени поверхности
FR2801322B1 (fr) * 1999-11-18 2002-02-08 Snecma Procede de grenaillage par ultrasons de surfaces annulaires de grandes dimensions sur des pieces minces
FR2816538B1 (fr) * 2000-11-16 2003-01-17 Snecma Moteurs Procede pour augmenter la duree de vie des attaches d'aubes sur un rotor
FR2816636B1 (fr) * 2000-11-16 2003-07-18 Snecma Moteurs Grenaillage des sommets des aubes refroidies
DE102004029546A1 (de) * 2004-06-19 2006-01-05 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Oberflächenstrahlen von Gasturbinenschaufeln im Bereich ihrer Schaufelfüße
FR2873609B1 (fr) * 2004-07-30 2008-02-22 Sonats Soc Des Nouvelles Appli Projectiles, dispositifs et installations de grenaillage par ultrasons et pieces ainsi traitees
US20060021410A1 (en) * 2004-07-30 2006-02-02 Sonats-Societe Des Nouvelles Applications Des Techniques De Surfaces Shot, devices, and installations for ultrasonic peening, and parts treated thereby
DE502005001405D1 (de) * 2004-08-01 2007-10-18 Joma Polytec Kunststofftechnik Ölfilteranordnung
DE102004037954A1 (de) * 2004-08-05 2006-03-16 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Oberflächenstrahlen von Bauteilen
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JP4985644B2 (ja) * 2005-05-12 2012-07-25 ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ 集成部品の超音波ピーニング処理
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FR2907360B1 (fr) * 2006-10-20 2009-05-22 Sonats Soc Des Nouvelles Appli Procedes et installations de grenailles.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE541673T1 (de) 2012-02-15
RU2010146976A (ru) 2012-05-27
US20110030434A1 (en) 2011-02-10
WO2009127725A1 (fr) 2009-10-22
ES2379577T3 (es) 2012-04-27
CN102123828B (zh) 2014-08-06
BRPI0910574A2 (pt) 2015-09-29
CN102123828A (zh) 2011-07-13
FR2930184A1 (fr) 2009-10-23
FR2930184B1 (fr) 2010-12-31
CA2721642A1 (fr) 2009-10-22
JP5511789B2 (ja) 2014-06-04
CA2721642C (fr) 2017-03-14
US8627695B2 (en) 2014-01-14
JP2011516291A (ja) 2011-05-26
BRPI0910574B1 (pt) 2020-03-03
EP2288473A1 (de) 2011-03-02
RU2507055C2 (ru) 2014-02-20

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