EP2287460B1 - Fuel injector for a combustion engine - Google Patents
Fuel injector for a combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2287460B1 EP2287460B1 EP10162231A EP10162231A EP2287460B1 EP 2287460 B1 EP2287460 B1 EP 2287460B1 EP 10162231 A EP10162231 A EP 10162231A EP 10162231 A EP10162231 A EP 10162231A EP 2287460 B1 EP2287460 B1 EP 2287460B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- plate
- fuel injector
- space
- injector according
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M47/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure
- F02M47/02—Fuel-injection apparatus operated cyclically with fuel-injection valves actuated by fluid pressure of accumulator-injector type, i.e. having fuel pressure of accumulator tending to open, and fuel pressure in other chamber tending to close, injection valves and having means for periodically releasing that closing pressure
- F02M47/027—Electrically actuated valves draining the chamber to release the closing pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
- F02M63/0033—Lift valves, i.e. having a valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat
- F02M63/0035—Poppet valves, i.e. having a mushroom-shaped valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
- F02M63/0012—Valves
- F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
- F02M63/0045—Three-way valves
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuel injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, comprising a valve plate which forms a valve seat for a valve pin, which is displaceably guided in a sealing sleeve and separates a return space from a valve space when in contact with the valve seat via a bolt head.
- the valve space communicates with a control space of a nozzle needle via a flow restrictor passing through a throttle plate and is connectable to a high pressure inlet via a bypass
- the valve pin is movable from the valve seat to an open position upon actuation of an actuator unit to flow Allow fuel from the valve chamber in the return chamber and initiate this by a pressure drop in the control chamber, an opening movement of the nozzle needle.
- FIG. 1 is a fuel injector of the prior art in the area of a valve plate 1 'to see.
- This valve plate 1 is arranged together with a throttle plate 2 'within a housing 3', wherein the valve plate 1 and the throttle plate 2 'between them define a valve space 4'.
- a valve pin 5' is arranged, which via a bolt head 6 'with a, on the valve plate 1' formed valve seat 7 'is brought into contact and also in a sealing sleeve 8' slidably guided.
- valve space 5 ' is replaced by a valve chamber 5' by a return space 10 '. separated, which is in communication with a low pressure region of the fuel injector.
- valve chamber 4 ' is connected via a flow restrictor 11' extending through the throttle plate 2 'to a control chamber 12' of a nozzle needle 13 'which is connected to the inlet throttle 14' with a high-pressure inlet 15 'by means of an inlet throttle 14' also passing through the throttle plate 2 '.
- the fuel injector is in communication.
- a relief hole 16' is provided which connects a, between the valve pin 5 ', sealing sleeve 8' and throttle plate 2 'defined space with the low pressure region of the fuel injector.
- valve pin 5 ' is now displaced axially by the action of a coupler module 17' - not shown here - actuator, so filled with high pressure fuel valve space 4 'with the low pressure return chamber 10' by lifting the bolt head 6 ' from the valve seat 7 'connected.
- This causes a pressure drop in the valve chamber 4 'and on the outlet throttle 11' and in the control chamber 12 ', which in known manner causes an opening movement of the nozzle needle 13' and initiates an injection process.
- the valve pin 5 ' remains in the open position, so that under high pressure fuel escapes steadily from the valve chamber 4' in the return chamber 10 '.
- valve chamber 4 'of such a fuel injector via a bypass also with the high-pressure inlet 15' is directly in communication to the end of the injection process and from a Contact the bolt head 6 'with the valve seat 7' to fill the valve chamber 4 'and via the outlet throttle 11' and the control chamber 12 'with fuel under high pressure.
- the bypass also runs in the throttle plate 2 'and flows between the sealing sleeve 8' and the walls of the valve chamber 4 'in this one.
- a fuel injector of the prior art has the considerable disadvantage that in the opening position of the valve pin constantly fuel flows from the bypass into the return space. As a result, the return amount of the fuel injector increases significantly, resulting in an increase in the operating temperature of the fuel injector and a reduction in the injection pressure. In addition, the time interval between the movement of the valve pin in the open position and the opening movement of the nozzle needle is increased, since the reduction of the pressure in the control chamber is slower due to the fuel flowing continuously into the valve chamber.
- the invention comprises the technical teaching that a receiving plate is provided between the valve plate and the throttle plate, which defines the valve space together with the valve plate and has a bore.
- the valve pin runs in this bore and is in the open position via a, the valve seat facing away sealing surface of the bolt head with the receiving plate in contact, whereby the bypass is separated from the valve chamber.
- the sealing surface of the bolt head with a peripheral sealing edge on the receiving plate in contact, wherein the sealing surface and the receiving plate form an angle.
- the sealing edge is formed at the transition of the bore in the, the valve chamber facing side of the receiving plate.
- the sealing edge is thereby placed concentrically and with a small difference in diameter for guiding the valve pin, which reduces the holding force necessary for the bypass shutdown.
- the sealing sleeve is placed in a radial expansion of the bore and biased by a, between the receiving plate and sealing sleeve arranged spring element against the throttle plate.
- the spring element is advantageously designed as a plate spring.
- the sealing sleeve is in communication with the throttle plate via a circumferential biting edge.
- the bypass opens into the bore of the receiving plate.
- the bypass is formed by a, in the receiving plate in the radial direction extending groove.
- valve pin is movable against a return spring in the open position, which is placed in a, formed between the sealing sleeve and throttle plate space and communicates via a disc with a shaft of the valve pin.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the fuel injector according to the invention according to a first embodiment in the region of a valve pin 5 can be seen.
- a receiving plate 18 is placed between a valve plate 1, which forms a valve seat 7 for a bolt head 6 of the valve pin 5, and a throttle plate 2.
- This receiving plate 18 defines together with the valve plate 1 a valve chamber 4 and has a bore 19 through which a shaft 20 of the valve pin 5 is passed.
- a sealing sleeve 8 is furthermore placed, in which the valve pin 5 is guided displaceably via its shaft 20 and which is biased against the throttle plate 2 via a disc spring 21 placed between itself and the receiving plate 18.
- the bolt head 6 facing away from the valve pin 5 is provided on its shaft 20 with a disc 22, via which it is in contact with a return spring 23.
- This return spring 23 is in a, between Throttle plate 2 and sealing sleeve 8 defined space placed and pushes the valve pin 5 with the bolt head 6 in the valve seat 7.
- the valve chamber 4 is separated by a lying above the valve pin 5 return chamber 10.
- the valve pin 5 is at the front end of the bolt head 6 with a - not shown here - Actuator in operative connection, in the actuation of the valve pin 5 is moved in the direction throttle plate 2.
- valve chamber 4 via a bypass 24 with high-pressure fuel can be supplied.
- This bypass 24 communicates with a - not visible in this view - high-pressure inlet and opens radially into the bore 19 of the receiving plate 18 in the region of the sealing sleeve 8 a.
- the fuel can reach the valve chamber 4 in the further course via the gap formed between the receiving plate 18 and the sealing sleeve 8 and between the receiving plate 18 and the shaft 20 of the valve pin 5.
- the valve chamber 4 is connected via an outlet throttle 11 with a control chamber 12 of a nozzle needle 13 in connection, which passes through the throttle plate 2 and the receiving plate 18 and opens in the outer radial region of the valve chamber 4 in this.
- the receiving plate 18 has at the transition of the bore 19 in the, the valve chamber 4 facing side of the receiving plate 18 via a sealing edge 25 which occurs in a displacement of the valve pin 5 in the direction of the receiving plate 18 with a sealing surface 26 on the bolt head 6 in contact and thus preventing the flow of fuel from the gap between bore 19 and valve pin 5 in the valve chamber 4.
- the sealing surface 26 extends at the bolt head 6 with respect to its side facing the receiving plate 18 beveled so that both components enclose an angle ⁇ .
- valve pin 5 If current is applied to the actuator unit of the fuel injector, then the valve pin 5 is displaced counter to the return spring 23, overcoming a certain force limit in the direction of the receiving plate 18 and thus the bolt head 6 is moved out of the valve seat 7. Due to the differential pressure between the valve chamber 4 and the return chamber 10 then fuel flows from the valve chamber 4 in the return chamber 10 and causes a pressure drop In this case, fuel flows via the outlet throttle 11 and initially also via the bypass 24 and the gaps between the receiving plate 18 and the sealing sleeve 8 or the shaft 20 of the valve pin 5 in the valve chamber 4. However, as soon as the valve pin 5 has arrived in its open position and while the sealing surface 26 of the bolt head 6 has come into contact with the sealing edge 25, the subsequent flow through the bypass 24 is suppressed.
- the total feed rate decreases because the volume flow of fuel flowing through the outlet throttle 11 remains constant due to the cavitating design of the outlet throttle 11, which leads to a faster decrease of the pressure in the control chamber 12. From a certain pressure level in the control chamber 12, this causes the manner known in the art to initiate an opening movement of the nozzle needle 13 and the start of an injection process.
- valve pin 5 is pushed back again in the direction of the valve plate 1 via the return spring 23.
- This closing movement is supported by the high pressure between the sealing edge 25 and the sealing surface 26 flowing fuel.
- the control chamber 12 also being filled via the outlet throttle 11.
- inlet channel of the control chamber 12 is thereby causes a rapid increase in pressure in the control chamber 12, thus achieving the initiation of a rapid closing movement of the nozzle needle 13.
- FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the fuel injector according to the invention according to a second embodiment in the region of the valve pin 5 can be seen.
- a fuel supply of the valve chamber 4 is accomplished in this case via a bypass 24 in the form of a groove on the receiving plate 18.
- the bypass 24 is a very short connecting line between a high pressure inlet 15 and the gaps between the receiving plate 18 and the sealing sleeve 8 and the shaft 20 of the valve pin 5.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Kraftstoffinjektor zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine, umfassend eine Ventilplatte, die einen Ventilsitz für einen Ventilbolzen ausbildet, welcher in einer Dichthülse verschiebbar geführt und bei einem Kontakt mit dem Ventilsitz über einen Bolzenkopf einen Rücklaufraum von einem Ventilraum trennt, wobei der Ventilraum über eine, durch eine Drosselplatte hindurch verlaufende Ablaufdrossel mit einem Steuerraum einer Düsennadel in Verbindung steht und über einen Bypass mit einem Hochdruckzulauf verbindbar ist, und wobei der Ventilbolzen bei Betätigung einer Aktoreinheit ausgehend vom Ventilsitz in eine Öffnungsstellung bewegbar ist, um ein Strömen von Kraftstoff aus dem Ventilraum in den Rücklaufraum zu ermöglichen und hierüber durch einen Druckabfall im Steuerraum eine Öffnungsbewegung der Düsennadel einzuleiten.The invention relates to a fuel injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, comprising a valve plate which forms a valve seat for a valve pin, which is displaceably guided in a sealing sleeve and separates a return space from a valve space when in contact with the valve seat via a bolt head. wherein the valve space communicates with a control space of a nozzle needle via a flow restrictor passing through a throttle plate and is connectable to a high pressure inlet via a bypass, and wherein the valve pin is movable from the valve seat to an open position upon actuation of an actuator unit to flow Allow fuel from the valve chamber in the return chamber and initiate this by a pressure drop in the control chamber, an opening movement of the nozzle needle.
In
Wird der Ventilbolzen 5' nun durch die Einwirkung eines Kopplermoduls 17` einer - hier nicht dargestellten - Aktoreinheit axial verschoben, so wird der mit unter Hochdruck stehendem Kraftstoff befüllte Ventilraum 4' mit dem unter Niederdruck stehenden Rücklaufraum 10' durch ein Abheben des Bolzenkopfs 6' aus dem Ventilsitz 7' verbunden. Dies bewirkt einen Druckabfall im Ventilraum 4' und über die Ablaufdrossel 11' auch im Steuerraum 12', was auf dem Fachmann bekannte Art und Weise eine Öffnungsbewegung der Düsennadel 13' hervorruft und einen Einspritzvorgang einleitet. Während des Einspritzvorgangs verbleibt der Ventilbolzen 5' in der Öffnungsstellung, so dass unter Hochdruck stehender Kraftstoff stetig aus dem Ventilraum 4' in den Rücklaufraum 10' entweicht. Schließlich wird ein Ende des Einspritzvorganges durch eine Entladung der jeweiligen Aktoreinheit eingeleitet, wobei sich das Kopplermodul 17' in axialer Richtung zurück bewegt und der Ventilbolzen 5' über das Federelement 9' mit dem Bolzenkopf 6' in den Ventilsitz 7' gedrückt wird. Dies führt dazu, dass kein weiterer Kraftstoff aus dem Ventilraum 4' in den Rücklaufraum 10' zurückströmen kann und der Druck im Steuerraum 12` über die Zulaufdrossel 14` wieder angehoben wird. Ab einem definierten Druck im Steuerraum 12' bewirkt dies eine Schließbewegung der Düsennadel 13' und damit ein Ende des Einspritzvorgangs.If the valve pin 5 'is now displaced axially by the action of a coupler module 17' - not shown here - actuator, so filled with high pressure fuel valve space 4 'with the low pressure return chamber 10' by lifting the bolt head 6 ' from the valve seat 7 'connected. This causes a pressure drop in the valve chamber 4 'and on the outlet throttle 11' and in the control chamber 12 ', which in known manner causes an opening movement of the nozzle needle 13' and initiates an injection process. During the injection process, the valve pin 5 'remains in the open position, so that under high pressure fuel escapes steadily from the valve chamber 4' in the return chamber 10 '. Finally, an end of the injection process is initiated by a discharge of the respective actuator unit, wherein the coupler module 17 'moves back in the axial direction and the valve pin 5' is pressed via the spring element 9 'with the bolt head 6' in the valve seat 7 '. As a result, no further fuel can flow back out of the valve chamber 4 'into the return chamber 10' and the pressure in the control chamber 12 'is raised again via the inlet throttle 14'. From a defined pressure in the control chamber 12 ', this causes a closing movement of the nozzle needle 13' and thus an end of the injection process.
Es ist des Weiteren im allgemeinen bekannt, dass der Ventilraum 4' eines derartigen Kraftstoffinjektors über einen Bypass ebenfalls mit dem Hochdruckzulauf 15' direkt in Verbindung steht, um zum Ende des Einspritzvorganges und ab einem Kontakt des Bolzenkopfs 6' mit dem Ventilsitz 7' den Ventilraum 4' und über die Ablaufdrossel 11' auch den Steuerraum 12' mit unter Hochdruck stehenden Kraftstoff zu befüllen. Dadurch erfolgt eine zusätzliche Befüllung des Steuerraums 12', was insgesamt in einem schnelleren Druckanstieg im Steuerraum 12' und damit auch einer früheren Schließbewegung der Düsennadel 13' resultiert. Üblicherweise verläuft der Bypass dabei ebenfalls in der Drosselplatte 2' und mündet zwischen Dichthülse 8' und den Wänden des Ventilraums 4' in diesen ein.It is further generally known that the valve chamber 4 'of such a fuel injector via a bypass also with the high-pressure inlet 15' is directly in communication to the end of the injection process and from a Contact the bolt head 6 'with the valve seat 7' to fill the valve chamber 4 'and via the outlet throttle 11' and the control chamber 12 'with fuel under high pressure. This results in an additional filling of the control chamber 12 ', which in total results in a faster pressure increase in the control chamber 12' and thus also an earlier closing movement of the nozzle needle 13 '. Usually, the bypass also runs in the throttle plate 2 'and flows between the sealing sleeve 8' and the walls of the valve chamber 4 'in this one.
Allerdings weist ein Kraftstoffinjektor des Standes der Technik den erheblichen Nachteil auf, dass in der Öffnungstellung des Ventilbolzens ständig Kraftstoff aus dem Bypass in den Rücklaufraum strömt. Hierdurch erhöht sich die Rücklaufmenge des Kraftstoffinjektors erheblich, was in einem Ansteigen der Betriebstemperatur des Kraftstoffinjektors und einer Verminderung des Einspritzdrucks resultiert. Zudem ist das Zeitintervall zwischen dem Bewegen des Ventilbolzens in die Öffnungsstellung und der Öffnungsbewegung der Düsennadel vergrößert, da die Verminderung des Drucks im Steuerraum aufgrund des stetig in den Ventilraum nachströmenden Kraftstoffs langsamer von statten geht.However, a fuel injector of the prior art has the considerable disadvantage that in the opening position of the valve pin constantly fuel flows from the bypass into the return space. As a result, the return amount of the fuel injector increases significantly, resulting in an increase in the operating temperature of the fuel injector and a reduction in the injection pressure. In addition, the time interval between the movement of the valve pin in the open position and the opening movement of the nozzle needle is increased, since the reduction of the pressure in the control chamber is slower due to the fuel flowing continuously into the valve chamber.
Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen Kraftstoffinjektor zum Einspritzen von Kraftstoff in einen Brennraum einer Brennkraftmaschine zur Verfügung zu stellen, bei welchem in einer Öffnungsstellung des Ventilbolzens ein Nachströmen von Kraftstoff aus dem Bypass in den Ventilraum wirksam verhindert wird, während zum Ende des Einspritzvorgangs ein schnelles Befüllen des Steuerraums über den Bypass möglich ist.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a fuel injector for injecting fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, in which in an open position of the valve pin, a flow of fuel from the bypass is effectively prevented in the valve chamber, while at the end of Injection a rapid filling of the control chamber via the bypass is possible.
Diese Aufgabe wird ausgehend vom Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 in Verbindung mit dessen kennzeichnenden Merkmalen gelöst. Die darauffolgenden, abhängigen Ansprüche geben jeweils vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung wieder.This object is achieved on the basis of the preamble of claim 1 in conjunction with its characterizing features. The following, dependent claims give each advantageous embodiments of the invention.
Die Erfindung umfasst die technische Lehre, dass zwischen der Ventilplatte und der Drosselpatte eine Aufnahmeplatte vorgesehen ist, die gemeinsam mit der Ventilplatte den Ventilraum definiert und eine Bohrung aufweist. In dieser Bohrung läuft dabei der Ventilbolzen und steht in der Öffnungsstellung über eine, dem Ventilsitz abgewandte Dichtfläche des Bolzenkopfs mit der Aufnahmeplatte in Kontakt, wodurch der Bypass vom Ventilraum getrennt wird.The invention comprises the technical teaching that a receiving plate is provided between the valve plate and the throttle plate, which defines the valve space together with the valve plate and has a bore. The valve pin runs in this bore and is in the open position via a, the valve seat facing away sealing surface of the bolt head with the receiving plate in contact, whereby the bypass is separated from the valve chamber.
Durch eine Abschaltung des Bypasses in der Öffnungsstellung des Ventilbolzens kann die über den Rücklaufraum entweichende Rücklaufmenge erheblich reduziert und damit auch eine Absenkung der Betriebstemperatur sowie eine Erhöhung der Anzahl an Einspritzungen bei hohen Drehzahlen erreicht werden. Des Weiteren ist es durch die Zwischenschaltung der Aufnahmeplatte möglich, den Ventiltraum auf ein zur Durchströmung nötiges Minimum zu reduzieren und gleichzeitig die Fertigung des Ventilsitzes an der Ventilplatte erheblich zu vereinfachen. Mittels der Abschaltung des Bypasses kann zudem schneller ein Druckabfall im Ventilraum und damit auch im Steuerraum erreicht werden, was eine frühere Einspritzung ermöglicht. Zusätzlich ist aber auch eine schnellere Rückstellbewegung des Ventilbolzens bei einer Entladung der Aktoreinheit aufgrund des im Bereich des Bolzenkopfes anliegenden Hochdrucks erreichbar. Hierdurch wird die Kleinstmengenfähigkeit des Kraftstoffinjektors verbessert und Streuungen erheblich reduziert. Schließlich kann das mit einem nicht schaltbaren Bypass einhergehende Absinken des Einspritzdrucks vermieden werden.By switching off the bypass in the open position of the valve pin escaping via the return space return quantity can be significantly reduced and thus a reduction in the operating temperature and an increase in the number of injections can be achieved at high speeds. Furthermore, it is possible by the interposition of the receiving plate to reduce the valve space to a minimum necessary for the flow and at the same time to simplify the manufacture of the valve seat on the valve plate considerably. By switching off the bypass can also faster pressure drop in the valve chamber and thus also in the control room can be achieved, which allows a previous injection. In addition, however, a faster return movement of the valve pin in a discharge of the actuator unit due to the voltage applied in the region of the bolt head high pressure can be achieved. As a result, the smallest quantity capability of the fuel injector is improved and scatters considerably reduced. Finally, the drop in injection pressure associated with a non-switchable bypass can be avoided.
Gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung steht bei Öffnungsstellung des Ventilbolzens die Dichtfläche des Bolzenkopfs mit einer umlaufenden Dichtkante an der Aufnahmeplatte in Kontakt, wobei die Dichtfläche und die Aufnahmeplatte einen Winkel einschließen. Durch den somit zwischen Bolzenkopf und Aufnahmeplatte gebildeten Spalt wird bei einer Annäherung des Bolzenkopfes an die Dichtkante der Aufnahmeplatte ein Teil der Bewegungsenergie durch ein Quetschen des Kraftstoffs aufgenommen, wodurch die Verzögerung stetiger verläuft und der auftretende Stoß beim Auftreffen des Bolzenkopfs auf die Dichtkante der Aufnahmeplatte verringert wird.According to one embodiment of the invention is in the open position of the valve pin, the sealing surface of the bolt head with a peripheral sealing edge on the receiving plate in contact, wherein the sealing surface and the receiving plate form an angle. By thus formed between the bolt head and receiving plate a part of the kinetic energy is absorbed by squeezing the fuel at an approach of the bolt head to the sealing edge of the receiving plate, whereby the delay is steadier and reduces the impact occurring when hitting the bolt head on the sealing edge of the receiving plate becomes.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist die Dichtkante am Übergang der Bohrung in die, dem Ventilraum zugewandte Seite der Aufnahmeplatte ausgebildet. Vorteilhafterweise ist die Dichtkante hierdurch konzentrisch und mit einer geringen Durchmesserdifferenz zur Führung des Ventilbolzens platziert, was die zur Bypassabschaltung nötige Haltekraft vermindert.In a further development of the invention, the sealing edge is formed at the transition of the bore in the, the valve chamber facing side of the receiving plate. Advantageously, the sealing edge is thereby placed concentrically and with a small difference in diameter for guiding the valve pin, which reduces the holding force necessary for the bypass shutdown.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Dichthülse in einer radialen Aufweitung der Bohrung platziert und über ein, zwischen Aufnahmeplatte und Dichthülse angeordnetes Federelement gegen die Drosselplatte vorgespannt. Dabei ist das Federelement vorteilhafterweise als Tellerfeder ausgebildet. Hierdurch kann die Dichthülse platzsparend in der Aufnahmeplatte angeordnet und gleichzeitig eine ausreichende Vorspannung gegen die Drosselplatte garantiert werden.According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the sealing sleeve is placed in a radial expansion of the bore and biased by a, between the receiving plate and sealing sleeve arranged spring element against the throttle plate. In this case, the spring element is advantageously designed as a plate spring. In this way, the sealing sleeve can be arranged to save space in the receiving plate and at the same time a sufficient bias against the throttle plate can be guaranteed.
Es ist eine weitere Ausführung der Erfindung, dass die Dichthülse mit der Drosselplatte über eine umlaufende Beißkante in Verbindung steht. Durch diese Maßnahme wird eine zuverlässige Abdichtung des zwischen Dichthülse, Ventilbolzen und Drosselplatte ausgebildeten Raumes erreicht.It is a further embodiment of the invention that the sealing sleeve is in communication with the throttle plate via a circumferential biting edge. By this measure, a reliable sealing of the formed between the sealing sleeve, valve pin and throttle plate space is achieved.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung mündet der Bypass in die Bohrung der Aufnahmeplatte ein. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass eine Verbindung zwischen Ventilraum und Hochdruckzulauf über einen kurzen Bypass erfolgen kann, während der unter Hochdruck stehende Kraftstoff ab der Einmündung in die Bohrung über, zwischen Dichthülse und Aufnahmeplatte bzw. Aufnahmeplatte und Ventilbolzen vorhandene Spalte zum Ventilraum gelangt. Hierdurch kann eine Verminderung des Herstellungsaufwandes erzielt werden.In a further development of the invention, the bypass opens into the bore of the receiving plate. This has the advantage that a connection between the valve chamber and the high-pressure inlet can take place via a short bypass, while the high-pressure fuel passes from the opening into the bore over, between the sealing sleeve and receiving plate or receiving plate and valve pin existing gap to the valve chamber. In this way, a reduction of the production costs can be achieved.
Es ist eine weitere, vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung, dass der Bypass durch eine, sich in der Aufnahmeplatte in radialer Richtung erstreckenden Nut gebildet ist. Mittels des Vorsehens einer Nut an der Aufnahmeplatte, beispielsweise in Form einer Lasernut, kann der Aufwand zur Fertigung des Bypasses erheblich vermindert werden. Denn aufgrund der Abschaltbarkeit des Bypasses fallen Anforderungen an die Durchflusstoleranzen der Bypassdrossel grober aus, was die Anwendung einfacherer Herstellungsverfahren ermöglicht.It is a further, advantageous embodiment of the invention that the bypass is formed by a, in the receiving plate in the radial direction extending groove. By means of the provision of a groove on the receiving plate, for example in the form of a laser groove, the outlay for producing the bypass can be considerably reduced. Because due to the shutdown of the bypass requirements for the flow tolerances of the bypass throttle fall coarser, which allows the use of simpler manufacturing processes.
In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist der Ventil bolzen entgegen einer Rückstellfeder in die Öffnungsstellung bewegbar, die in einem, zwischen Dichthülse und Drosselplatte ausgebildeten Raum platziert ist und über eine Scheibe mit einem Schaft des Ventilbolzens in Verbindung steht. Vorteilhafterweise kann hierdurch eine platzsparende Anordnung einer Rückstellfeder des Ventilbolzens realisiert werden.In a further development of the invention, the valve pin is movable against a return spring in the open position, which is placed in a, formed between the sealing sleeve and throttle plate space and communicates via a disc with a shaft of the valve pin. Advantageously, thereby a space-saving arrangement of a return spring of the valve pin can be realized.
Weitere, die Erfindung verbessernde Maßnahmen werden nachstehend gemeinsam mit der Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen der Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher dargestellt.Further, measures improving the invention will be described in more detail below together with the description of preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to FIGS.
Es zeigen:
- Figur 1
- eine Schnittansicht eines Kraftstoffinjektors gemäß des Standes der Technik im Bereich eines Ventilbolzens,
Figur 2- eine Schnittansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffinjektors gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform, im Bereich eines Ventilbolzens,
Figur 3- einen Detailansicht eines Kontaktbereichs zwischen dem Ventilbolzen und einer Aufnahmeplatte, und
Figur 4- eine Schnittansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffinjektors gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform.
- FIG. 1
- 3 a sectional view of a fuel injector according to the prior art in the region of a valve pin,
- FIG. 2
- 3 a sectional view of the fuel injector according to the invention according to a first embodiment, in the region of a valve pin,
- FIG. 3
- a detailed view of a contact area between the valve pin and a receiving plate, and
- FIG. 4
- a sectional view of the fuel injector according to the invention according to a second embodiment.
In
Während der Rücklaufraum 10 Kraftstoff auf einem niedrigen Druckniveau, im Bereich des atmosphärischen Druckes, führt, ist der Ventilraum 4 über einen Bypass 24 mit unter Hochdruck stehendem Kraftstoff versorgbar. Dieser Bypass 24 steht dabei mit einem - in dieser Ansicht nicht zu sehenden - Hochdruckzulauf in Verbindung und mündet radial in die Bohrung 19 der Aufnahmeplatte 18 im Bereich der Dichthülse 8 ein. Ausgehend von dieser Einmündung kann der Kraftstoff im weiteren Verlauf über die zwischen Aufnahmeplatte 18 und Dichthülse 8 und zwischen Aufnahmeplatte 18 und Schaft 20 des Ventilbolzens 5 ausgebildeten Spalte zum Ventilraum 4 gelangen. Außerdem steht der Ventilraum 4 über eine Ablaufdrossel 11 mit einem Steuerraum 12 einer Düsennadel 13 in Verbindung, die durch die Drosselplatte 2 und die Aufnahmeplatte 18 verläuft und im außenradialen Bereich des Ventilraumes 4 in diesen einmündet.While the
Wie des Weiteren aus der Detailansicht in
Wird nun die Aktoreinheit des Kraftstoffinjektors mit Strom beaufschlagt, so wird der Ventilbolzen 5 entgegen der Rückstellfeder 23, ab Überwindung einer bestimmten Kraftgrenze in Richtung Aufnahmeplatte 18 verschoben und damit der Bolzenkopf 6 aus dem Ventilsitz 7 bewegt. Aufgrund des Differenzdrucks zwischen dem Ventilraum 4 und dem Rücklaufraum 10 strömt daraufhin Kraftstoff aus dem Ventilraum 4 in den Rücklaufraum 10 und bewirkt eine Druckabsenkung im Ventilraum 4. Dabei strömt Kraftstoff über die Ablaufdrossel 11 und zunächst auch noch über den Bypass 24 und die Spalte zwischen der Aufnahmeplatte 18 und der Dichthülse 8 bzw. dem Schaft 20 des Ventilbolzens 5 in den Ventilraum 4 nach. Sobald jedoch der Ventilbolzen 5 in seine Öffnungsstellung angelangt ist und dabei die Dichtfläche 26 des Bolzenkopfs 6 mit der Dichtkante 25 in Kontakt getreten ist, wird das Nachfließen über den Bypass 24 unterbunden. Ab diesem Zeitpunkt vermindert sich die Gesamtzulaufmenge, da der die Ablaufdrossel 11 durchfließende Volumenstrom an Kraftstoff aufgrund der kavitierenden Auslegung der Ablaufdrossel 11 konstant bleibt, was zu einem schnelleren Absinken des Drucks im Steuerraum 12 führt. Ab einem bestimmten Drucklevel im Steuerraum 12 bewirkt dies auf dem Fachmann bekannte Art und Weise das Einleiten einer Öffnungsbewegung der Düsennadel 13 und den Start eines Einspritzvorgangs.If current is applied to the actuator unit of the fuel injector, then the
Wird im Anschluss daran und zum Ende des Einspritzvorgangs die Aktoreinheit wieder entladen, so wird der Ventilbolzen 5 über die Rückstellfeder 23 wieder in Richtung Ventilplatte 1 zurückgeschoben. Diese Schließbewegung wird dabei durch den unter hohem Druck zwischen der Dichtkante 25 und der Dichtfläche 26 ausströmenden Kraftstoff unterstützt. Sobald der Bolzenkopf 6 wieder mit dem Ventilsitz 7 an der Ventilplatte 1 in Kontakt getreten ist, steigt der Druck im Ventilraum 4 aufgrund des über den Bypass 24 nachströmenden Kraftstoffs sehr schnell an, wobei über die Ablaufdrossel 11 auch der Steuerraum 12 befüllt wird. In Kombination mit dem in den
In
Mittels der Varianten des erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffinjektors ist es somit möglich, die Rücklaufmenge erheblich zu reduzieren und somit die Betriebstemperatur abzusenken. Durch den schaltbaren Bypass 24 in Verbindung mit einem reduzierten Ventilraumvolumen lassen sich kürzere Schaltzyklen realisieren, wodurch die Kleinstmengenfähigkeit verbessert wird und die Spritzabstände verkleinert werden können. Zusätzlich kann dabei ein Absinken des Einspritzdrucks vermieden und die Dauer einer Einspritzung verringert werden. Schließlich ergeben sich fertigungstechnische Vorteile.By means of the variants of the fuel injector according to the invention, it is thus possible to reduce the return amount considerably and thus to lower the operating temperature. The
Claims (10)
- Fuel injector for the injection of fuel into a combustion space of an internal combustion engine, comprising a valve plate (1) which forms a valve seat (7) for a valve pin (5) which is guided displaceably in a sealing sleeve (8) and, upon contact with the valve seat (7), separates a return space (10) from a valve space (4) via a pin head (6), the valve space (4) being connected to a control space (12) of a nozzle needle (13) via an outflow throttle (11) running through a throttle plate (2), and being connectable to a highpressure inflow (15) via a bypass (24), and, upon actuation of an actuator unit, the valve pin (5) being moveable from the valve seat (7) into an opening position in order to enable fuel to flow out of the valve space (4) into the return space (10) and thereby to initiate an opening movement of the nozzle needle (13) as a result of a pressure drop in the control space (12), characterized in that, between the valve plate (1) and the throttle plate (2), a reception plate (18) is provided, which together with the valve plate (1) defines the valve space (4) and which has a bore (19) in which the valve pin (5) runs, the valve pin (5), in the opening position, being in contact with the reception plate (18) via a sealing face (26), facing away from the valve seat (7), of the pin head (6), and at the same time separating the bypass (24) from the valve space (4).
- Fuel injector according to Claim 1, characterized in that, in the opening position of the valve pin (5), the sealing face (26) of the pin head (6) is in contact with a peripheral sealing edge (25) on the reception plate (18), the sealing face (26) and the reception plate (18) forming an angle (α).
- Fuel injector according to Claim 2, characterized in that the sealing edge (25) is formed at the transition of the bore (19) into that side of the reception plate (18) which faces the valve space (4).
- Fuel injector according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sealing sleeve (8) is placed in a radial widening of the bore (19) and is prestressed against the throttle plate (2) via a spring element arranged between the reception plate (18) and sealing sleeve (8).
- Fuel injector according to Claim 4, characterized in that the spring element is designed as a cup spring (21).
- Fuel injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing sleeve (8) is connected to the throttle plate (2) via a peripheral biting edge.
- Fuel injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bypass (24) issues into the bore (19) of the reception plate (18).
- Fuel injector according to Claim 7, characterized in that the bypass (24) is formed by a groove extending in the radial direction in the reception plate (18).
- Fuel injector according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve pin (5) is moveable into the opening position counter to a restoring spring (23) which is placed in a space formed between the sealing sleeve (8) and throttle plate (2) and which is connected via a washer (22) to a shank (20) of the valve pin (5).
- Fuel injection system of an auto-ignition internal combustion engine, comprising at least one fuel injector according to one of Claims 1 to 9.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102009027504A DE102009027504A1 (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2009-07-07 | Fuel injector for an internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2287460A1 EP2287460A1 (en) | 2011-02-23 |
EP2287460B1 true EP2287460B1 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
Family
ID=42779966
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP10162231A Not-in-force EP2287460B1 (en) | 2009-07-07 | 2010-05-07 | Fuel injector for a combustion engine |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2287460B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE547617T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102009027504A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102010040874A1 (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2012-03-22 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector |
DE102011002955A1 (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2012-07-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector |
DE102012212266B4 (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2015-01-22 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | fluid injector |
DE102012212264B4 (en) | 2012-07-13 | 2014-02-13 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Method for producing a solid state actuator |
CN106762286B (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2023-03-21 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Micro-dynamic oil return bypass type electric control oil injector with hydraulic feedback |
CN106762282A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-05-31 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Bypass type electric-controlled fuel injector |
CN106762287B (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2023-03-21 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Resonant orifice plate type electric control oil injector with hydraulic feedback |
DE102019220172A1 (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-06-24 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Fuel injector for an internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004046191B3 (en) * | 2004-09-23 | 2006-04-13 | Siemens Ag | Servo valve and injector |
DE102004049702B3 (en) * | 2004-10-12 | 2006-03-09 | Siemens Ag | Servo valve and injector |
DE102006009070A1 (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2007-08-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel-injection valve for air-compressing, auto-igniting internal combustion engines comprises a valve with a corrugated washer partly surrounding the periphery of a bolt section of a valve bolt |
DE102006019736A1 (en) * | 2006-04-28 | 2007-10-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel injector for combustion chamber of internal combustion engine, has actuator arranged in low-pressure area and surrounded by fuel, and compensation unit e.g. housing part, formed in low-pressure area |
US20090165749A1 (en) * | 2007-12-27 | 2009-07-02 | Caterpillar Inc. | Engine and control valve assembly having reduced variability in operation over time |
-
2009
- 2009-07-07 DE DE102009027504A patent/DE102009027504A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-05-07 EP EP10162231A patent/EP2287460B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2010-05-07 AT AT10162231T patent/ATE547617T1/en active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE102009027504A1 (en) | 2011-01-20 |
EP2287460A1 (en) | 2011-02-23 |
ATE547617T1 (en) | 2012-03-15 |
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