EP2285180B1 - Electric heat conductor - Google Patents

Electric heat conductor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2285180B1
EP2285180B1 EP09305756.0A EP09305756A EP2285180B1 EP 2285180 B1 EP2285180 B1 EP 2285180B1 EP 09305756 A EP09305756 A EP 09305756A EP 2285180 B1 EP2285180 B1 EP 2285180B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
copper
wires
steel
stranded
units
Prior art date
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Not-in-force
Application number
EP09305756.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2285180A1 (en
Inventor
Henning Tepe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nexans SA
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Nexans SA
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Priority to EP09305756.0A priority Critical patent/EP2285180B1/en
Publication of EP2285180A1 publication Critical patent/EP2285180A1/en
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Publication of EP2285180B1 publication Critical patent/EP2285180B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
    • H05B3/56—Heating cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/033—Heater including particular mechanical reinforcing means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical heating conductor according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such a heat conductor is for example from the EP 1 651 010 A1 out.
  • Such a heating element is used for example in surface heating elements and in particular in heaters of seats of cars. He is subject in particular in a seat heating constantly changing mechanical loads.
  • the heating element must therefore be flexible but also tensile and resistant to bending, so that a equipped with the same heating element has a sufficiently long life.
  • a heating wire is described, which is composed of individual wires, which are constructed in the form of a mixed strand of steel and copper.
  • several heater wires are electrically connected in parallel and cold pressed at their ends with individual conductors, which are arranged in the edge regions of the surface heating element.
  • individual conductors which are arranged in the edge regions of the surface heating element.
  • From the EP 1 337 129 A2 is an electrical heating element for seat heaters and steering wheel heaters, in which at least one strand is used with at least one core-sheath wire as heating conductor.
  • Each wire of this heat conductor consists of a core and a jacket surrounding it.
  • the core may consist of copper or a copper alloy and the shell of steel or vice versa.
  • the cross-sectional areas of the core and cladding have a ratio of 1: 3 to 3: 1.
  • the initially mentioned EP 1 651 010 A1 describes a heating conductor, which consists of a plurality of stranded copper wires, each of which may be surrounded by a layer of insulating material.
  • the heat conductor is surrounded by a layer of steel wires, which are applied as a braid or in the form of a jersey on the heating element.
  • the invention has for its object to make the initially described heating element so that it can be installed as a single element in a heated surface and survives mechanical alternating loads permanently unscathed.
  • the heat conductor constructed in the specified frame made of copper and steel satisfies all mechanical requirements, in particular because of the higher proportion of steel compared to copper. He is well bendable because of the strand construction, but also tensile and bending resistant.
  • By suitable variation of the proportions of copper and steel it is easily possible to set different values for the electrical resistance of the heating conductor without impairing its mechanical properties. It can be arranged as a single element on or in any areas and only has to be connected at its ends to a voltage source. Since each of the copper wires is surrounded by a preferably applied by painting insulating, it is also ensured that caused by different chemical potentials corrosion can not occur. It can also occur no so-called "hot spots" with a selectively increased electrical resistance and correspondingly increased heat development.
  • a section of a heating element H is shown schematically, having an electrically conductive core 1 and a surrounding casing 2 made of temperature-resistant insulating material.
  • the shell 2 can also be omitted with appropriate processing of the heating element H at the site.
  • the core 1 is made of copper wires and steel wires, for example, as follows:
  • central element 4 is arranged, which is surrounded by units 5, in which a plurality of steel wires 6 are stranded together.
  • the units 5 are stranded with the central element 4.
  • the diameter of the respective individual wires made of copper or steel can advantageously be between 0.01 mm and 0.1 mm.
  • the soul 1 consists, according to the basic representation in Fig. 2 , in a preferred embodiment of a central element 4 and six stranded around the same units 5. These seven stranding - central element 4 and 5 units - have all advantageously the same diameter, so that there is a symmetrically constructed soul 1.
  • each of the stranding elements 4 and 5 twelve wires are stranded together in a preferred embodiment.
  • Each of the copper wires 3 of the central element 4 is surrounded by an insulating layer 7, which is preferably applied by painting.
  • an insulating layer 7 As a material for the insulating layer 7, a lacquer based on polyurethane is preferably used. The thickness of the insulating layer 7 is for example 4 microns.
  • the copper wires 3 are through the Insulating layers 7 insulated from the surrounding steel wires 6, so that no chemically induced corrosion between the different wires can occur.
  • the steel wires 6 of the units 5 are, like the copper wires 3, all provided with an insulating layer surrounding them. On the separate outer shell 2 ( Fig. 1 ) can be dispensed with in such an embodiment of the heating element H.
  • the heating conductor H or its core 1 has an electrical resistance of 500 ohms / km, with a steel content of 85% and a copper content of 15%. It can be set to values between 100 ohms / km and 1000 ohms / km by appropriate variation of the proportions of copper and steel. For this purpose, the proportion of steel on the heating element 1 between 60% and 90% can be changed, whereby analogously, the proportion of copper between 40% and 10%.

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  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen elektrischen Heizleiter gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to an electrical heating conductor according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Ein solcher Heizleiter geht beispielsweise aus der EP 1 651 010 A1 hervor.Such a heat conductor is for example from the EP 1 651 010 A1 out.

Ein derartiger Heizleiter wird beispielsweise in Flächenheizelementen und insbesondere in Beheizungen von Sitzen von Kraftwagen eingesetzt. Er unterliegt besonders in einer Sitzheizung dauernd wechselnden mechanischen Belastungen. Der Heizleiter muß daher flexibel aber auch zugfest und biegefest sein, damit ein mit demselben ausgerüstetes Heizelement eine ausreichend lange Lebensdauer hat.Such a heating element is used for example in surface heating elements and in particular in heaters of seats of cars. He is subject in particular in a seat heating constantly changing mechanical loads. The heating element must therefore be flexible but also tensile and resistant to bending, so that a equipped with the same heating element has a sufficiently long life.

In der DE 41 24 684 A1 ist ein Heizdraht beschrieben, der aus Einzeldrähten zusammengesetzt ist, die in Form einer Mischlitze aus Stahl und Kupfer aufgebaut sind. In einem Flächenheizelement sind mehrere Heizdrähte elektrisch parallel geschaltet und dazu an ihren Enden mit Einzelleitern kalt verpreßt, die in den Randbereichen des Flächenheizelements angeordnet sind. Über den genaueren Aufbau des Heizdrahts bzw. der Einzeldrähte ist in der Schrift nichts erwähnt.In the DE 41 24 684 A1 a heating wire is described, which is composed of individual wires, which are constructed in the form of a mixed strand of steel and copper. In a surface heating several heater wires are electrically connected in parallel and cold pressed at their ends with individual conductors, which are arranged in the edge regions of the surface heating element. About the exact structure of the heating wire or the individual wires nothing is mentioned in the Scriptures.

Aus der EP 1 337 129 A2 geht ein elektrisches Heizelement für Sitzheizungen und Lenkradheizungen hervor, bei dem mindestens eine Litze mit mindestens einem Kern-Mantel-Draht als Heizleiter eingesetzt ist. Jeder Draht dieses Heizleiters besteht aus einem Kern und einem denselben umgebenden Mantel. Dabei kann der Kern aus Kupfer oder einer Kupferlegierung und der Mantel aus Stahl oder umgekehrt bestehen. Die Querschnittsflächen von Kern und Mantel weisen im Verhältnis 1 : 3 bis 3 : 1 auf.From the EP 1 337 129 A2 is an electrical heating element for seat heaters and steering wheel heaters, in which at least one strand is used with at least one core-sheath wire as heating conductor. Each wire of this heat conductor consists of a core and a jacket surrounding it. The core may consist of copper or a copper alloy and the shell of steel or vice versa. The cross-sectional areas of the core and cladding have a ratio of 1: 3 to 3: 1.

Die eingangs erwähnte EP 1 651 010 A1 beschreibt einen Heizleiter, der aus einer Vielzahl von miteinander verseilten Kupferdrähten besteht, von denen jeder von einer Schicht aus Isoliermaterial umgeben sein kann. Der Heizleiter ist von einer Lage von Stahldrähten umgeben, welche als Geflecht oder in Form eines Trikots auf den Heizleiter aufgebracht werden.The initially mentioned EP 1 651 010 A1 describes a heating conductor, which consists of a plurality of stranded copper wires, each of which may be surrounded by a layer of insulating material. The heat conductor is surrounded by a layer of steel wires, which are applied as a braid or in the form of a jersey on the heating element.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den eingangs geschilderten Heizleiter so zu gestalten, daß er als Einzelelement in einer zu beheizenden Fläche verlegt werden kann und mechanische Wechselbelastungen auf Dauer unbeschadet übersteht.The invention has for its object to make the initially described heating element so that it can be installed as a single element in a heated surface and survives mechanical alternating loads permanently unscathed.

Diese Aufgabe wird entsprechend den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the characterizing features of claim 1.

Im folgenden werden der Einfachheit halber die Worte "Stahl", stellvertretend auch für Eisen und entsprechende Legierungen, sowie "Kupfer", stellvertretend auch für eine Kupferlegierung, verwendet.In the following, for the sake of simplicity, the words "steel", also representative of iron and corresponding alloys, as well as "copper", also representative of a copper alloy, are used.

Der im angegebenen Rahmen aus Kupfer und Stahl aufgebaute Heizleiter genügt insbesondere wegen des gegenüber Kupfer höheren Anteils an Stahl allen mechanischen Anforderungen. Er ist wegen des Litzenaufbaus gut biegbar, aber auch zugfest und biegefest. Durch geeignete Variation der Anteile von Kupfer und Stahl lassen sich auf einfache Weise unterschiedliche Werte für den elektrischen Widerstand des Heizleiters einstellen, ohne daß seine mechanischen Eigenschaften beeinträchtigt werden. Er kann als Einzelelement auf bzw. in beliebigen Flächen angeordnet werden und muß nur an seinen Enden mit einer Spannungsquelle verbunden werden. Da jeder der Kupferdrähte von einer vorzugsweise durch Lackieren aufgebrachten Isolierschicht umgeben ist, ist außerdem sichergestellt, daß durch unterschiedliche chemische Potentiale bedingte Korrosion nicht auftreten kann. Es können dadurch außerdem keine sogenannten "Hotspots" mit einem punktuell erhöhten elektrischen Widerstand und entsprechend erhöhter Wärmeentwicklung auftreten.The heat conductor constructed in the specified frame made of copper and steel satisfies all mechanical requirements, in particular because of the higher proportion of steel compared to copper. He is well bendable because of the strand construction, but also tensile and bending resistant. By suitable variation of the proportions of copper and steel, it is easily possible to set different values for the electrical resistance of the heating conductor without impairing its mechanical properties. It can be arranged as a single element on or in any areas and only has to be connected at its ends to a voltage source. Since each of the copper wires is surrounded by a preferably applied by painting insulating, it is also ensured that caused by different chemical potentials corrosion can not occur. It can also occur no so-called "hot spots" with a selectively increased electrical resistance and correspondingly increased heat development.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Erfindungsgegenstandes ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt.

  • Fig. 1 einen Abschnitt eines Heizleiters nach der Erfindung in einer Seitenansicht.
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt durch Fig. 1 längs der Linie II - II in prinzipieller, vergrößerter Darstellung.
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt durch Fig. 1 längs der Linie II - II in genauerer, ebenfalls vergrößerter Darstellung.
  • Fig. 4 eine Einzelheit aus Fig. 3 in nochmals vergrößerter Darstellung.
An embodiment of the subject invention is shown in the drawings.
  • Fig. 1 a section of a heat conductor according to the invention in a side view.
  • Fig. 2 a cut through Fig. 1 along the line II - II in principle, enlarged view.
  • Fig. 3 a cut through Fig. 1 along the line II - II in more detail, also enlarged view.
  • Fig. 4 a detail Fig. 3 in a further enlarged view.

In Fig. 1 ist ein Abschnitt eines Heizleiters H schematisch dargestellt, der eine elektrisch leitende Seele 1 und eine dieselbe umgebende Hülle 2 aus temperaturbeständigem Isoliermaterial aufweist. Die Hülle 2 kann bei entsprechender Verarbeitung des Heizleiters H am Einsatzort auch fortgelassen werden. Die Seele 1 ist aus Kupferdrähten und Stahldrähten aufgebaut, und zwar beispielsweise wie folgt:In Fig. 1 a section of a heating element H is shown schematically, having an electrically conductive core 1 and a surrounding casing 2 made of temperature-resistant insulating material. The shell 2 can also be omitted with appropriate processing of the heating element H at the site. The core 1 is made of copper wires and steel wires, for example, as follows:

In der Seele 1 ist ein aus mehreren, miteinander verseilten Kupferdrähten 3 bestehendes Zentralelement 4 angeordnet, das von Einheiten 5 umgeben ist, in denen mehrere Stahldrähte 6 miteinander verseilt sind. Die Einheiten 5 sind mit dem Zentralelement 4 verseilt. Der Durchmesser der jeweiligen Einzeldrähte aus Kupfer oder Stahl kann mit Vorteil zwischen 0,01 mm und 0,1 mm liegen.In the soul 1 a consisting of a plurality of stranded together copper wires 3 central element 4 is arranged, which is surrounded by units 5, in which a plurality of steel wires 6 are stranded together. The units 5 are stranded with the central element 4. The diameter of the respective individual wires made of copper or steel can advantageously be between 0.01 mm and 0.1 mm.

Die Seele 1 besteht, entsprechend der prinzipiellen Darstellung in Fig. 2, in bevorzugter Ausführungsform aus einem Zentralelement 4 und sechs um dasselbe herum verseilte Einheiten 5. Diese sieben Verseilelemente - Zentralelement 4 und Einheiten 5 - haben mit Vorteil alle den gleichen Durchmesser, so daß sich eine symmetrisch aufgebaute Seele 1 ergibt.The soul 1 consists, according to the basic representation in Fig. 2 , in a preferred embodiment of a central element 4 and six stranded around the same units 5. These seven stranding - central element 4 and 5 units - have all advantageously the same diameter, so that there is a symmetrically constructed soul 1.

In jedem der Verseilelemente 4 und 5 sind in bevorzugter Ausführungsform zwölf Drähte miteinander verseilt. Das bedeutet, daß das Zentralelement 4 zwölf Kupferdrähte 3 und jede Einheit 5 zwölf Stahldrähte 6 umfaßt, so wie es in Fig. 3 dargestellt ist.In each of the stranding elements 4 and 5, twelve wires are stranded together in a preferred embodiment. This means that the central element 4 twelve copper wires 3 and each unit 5 comprises twelve steel wires 6, as it is in Fig. 3 is shown.

Jeder der Kupferdrähte 3 des Zentralelements 4 ist von einer Isolierschicht 7 umgeben, die vorzugsweise durch Lackieren aufgebracht ist. Als Material für die Isolierschicht 7 wird vorzugsweise ein Lack auf der Basis von Polyurethan eingesetzt. Die Dicke der Isolierschicht 7 liegt beispielsweise bei 4 µm. Die Kupferdrähte 3 sind durch die Isolierschichten 7 gegenüber den sie umgebenden Stahldrähten 6 isoliert, so daß keine chemisch bedingte Korrosion zwischen den unterschiedlichen Drähten auftreten kann.Each of the copper wires 3 of the central element 4 is surrounded by an insulating layer 7, which is preferably applied by painting. As a material for the insulating layer 7, a lacquer based on polyurethane is preferably used. The thickness of the insulating layer 7 is for example 4 microns. The copper wires 3 are through the Insulating layers 7 insulated from the surrounding steel wires 6, so that no chemically induced corrosion between the different wires can occur.

Die Stahldrähte 6 der Einheiten 5 sind ebenso wie die Kupferdrähte 3 alle mit einer sie umgebenden Isolierschicht versehen. Auf die gesonderte äußere Hülle 2 (Fig. 1) kann bei einer solchen Ausführungsform des Heizleiters H verzichtet werden.The steel wires 6 of the units 5 are, like the copper wires 3, all provided with an insulating layer surrounding them. On the separate outer shell 2 ( Fig. 1 ) can be dispensed with in such an embodiment of the heating element H.

Der Heizleiter H bzw. dessen Seele 1 hat beispielsweise einen elektrischen Widerstand von 500 Ohm/km, bei einem Stahlanteil von 85 % und einem Kupferanteil von 15 %. Er kann durch geeignete Variation der Anteile von Kupfer und Stahl auf Werte zwischen 100 Ohm/km und 1000 Ohm/km eingestellt werden. Dazu kann der Anteil von Stahl am Heizleiter 1 zwischen 60 % und 90 % verändert werden, wobei analog dazu der Anteil von Kupfer zwischen 40 % und 10 % liegt.The heating conductor H or its core 1, for example, has an electrical resistance of 500 ohms / km, with a steel content of 85% and a copper content of 15%. It can be set to values between 100 ohms / km and 1000 ohms / km by appropriate variation of the proportions of copper and steel. For this purpose, the proportion of steel on the heating element 1 between 60% and 90% can be changed, whereby analogously, the proportion of copper between 40% and 10%.

Claims (3)

  1. An electrical heating conductor in the form of a litz wire, comprising a plurality of stranded single wires which consist of copper and steel, wherein in the center of the heating conductor (H) a central core (4) is provided which consists of copper containing wires (3) which are stranded with each other, each of the copper wires (3) being surrounded by a layer of insulating material, characterized in
    - that the wires (3) of the central core (4) consist either of copper or a copper alloy,
    - that around the central core (4) units (5) are provided which are stranded with the same and which comprise a number of wires (6) which are stranded with each other and which consist of steel and/or iron and/or alloys of these materials and which also are surrounded by an insulating layer, and
    - that the amount of steel or iron or alloy of the same in the conductor (H) lies between 60 % and 90 % while the amount of copper is between 40 % and 10%.
  2. A heating conductor according to claim 1, characterized in that the wires (3,6) of the central core (4) and of the units (5) are lacquered with a material on the basis of polyurethane.
  3. A heating conductor to claim 1, characterized in that around the units (5) of steel
    - or iron - ore alloywires a common outer sheath (2) of insulating material is provided.
EP09305756.0A 2009-08-13 2009-08-13 Electric heat conductor Not-in-force EP2285180B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09305756.0A EP2285180B1 (en) 2009-08-13 2009-08-13 Electric heat conductor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09305756.0A EP2285180B1 (en) 2009-08-13 2009-08-13 Electric heat conductor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2285180A1 EP2285180A1 (en) 2011-02-16
EP2285180B1 true EP2285180B1 (en) 2015-07-29

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EP09305756.0A Not-in-force EP2285180B1 (en) 2009-08-13 2009-08-13 Electric heat conductor

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Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013045254A1 (en) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-04 Nv Bekaert Sa Vehicle seat heating element comprising a heating cable with metallic filaments
EP2808873A1 (en) * 2013-05-28 2014-12-03 Nexans Electrically conductive wire and method for its manufacture
DE102018117942B4 (en) * 2018-07-25 2020-02-06 Leoni Kabel Gmbh High performance heating cable
CN113316275A (en) * 2021-05-28 2021-08-27 安徽天康(集团)股份有限公司 Wear-resisting tensile electric tracing band

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4124684A1 (en) * 1991-07-25 1993-01-28 Bauerhin I G Elektro Tech Surface electrical heating element e.g. for car seat - has carrier of flexible material into which is set heating element consisting of multiple filaments
DE10206336B4 (en) * 2002-02-14 2004-10-07 Bauerhin, I.G. Electric heating element for seat heaters and steering wheel heaters
EP1651010A1 (en) * 2004-10-25 2006-04-26 Ugitech Flexible heating element and its use in seat or steering wheel heating systems of vehicles or in other accessory, the production of textiles, pipes, structures and moulds.
NO329604B1 (en) * 2006-02-17 2010-11-22 Nexans Electric underwater cable and direct electric heating system

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