Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
  • F24D19/00—Details
  • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
  • F24D19/1096—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for electric heating systems

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a heating control method.
• Such a method is implemented in a heating system.
• a heating system generally comprises one or more radiators. These heaters are connected by their particular control boxes to a general control box. Such a heating system may also include an external sensor.
• the general control unit then transmits, to the particular control boxes, orders on the heating power to be released, in particular according to an outside temperature measured by the probe.
• These heating commands pass in the form of a control signal, sent by the general control box to the particular housings of the radiators.
• This control signal is in sinusoidal form. It is also called sinusoidal control signal.
• a general control unit makes it possible to operate a radiator, or even several radiators, according to several operating programs.
• a known transmission mode of the control signal consists in sending this control signal by carrier current. However, in this case, this control signal must then be modulated and sent at a lift frequency significantly greater than a frequency of a power supply signal of the radiator. This difference in frequency makes it possible to avoid any interference between the power supply of the radiator and the control signal.
• Such a control signal is processed by a particular casing of the radiator in order to adapt the heating produced by this radiator to the instructions transmitted by said signal.
• Another transmission mode comprises pulling a pilot wire between the general control box and each particular control box.
• the control signal that is carried by this pilot wire is a baseband signal, at 50Hz or 60Hz, with the presence or absence of some of the alternations. These presences or absences are used to code the control signal to give it a certain diversity.
• the accumulator electric storage batteries comprise in their structure a heating resistor for heating a mass of materials. Typically the mass consists of bricks plated against the resistance.
• Current accumulators use a heating method to recognize six modes of operation. These six operating modes are a comfort mode, an economy mode, an anti-freeze mode, a stop mode, as well as so-called comfort -1 and comfort -2 modes. These six modes of operation, whose meaning is instinctive, are coded in six orders. These six commands are decoded by a particular control unit of an accumulator, as a function of the presence or absence of alternations of the control signal arriving to the accumulator by the pilot wire.
• the comfort mode corresponds to a total absence of control signal sent by the general control unit.
• the economy mode corresponds to the permanent sending of the sinusoidal control signal.
• the frost-free mode corresponds to the sending of a control signal where only the negative half-cycles of the sinusoid are sent.
• the stop mode corresponds to a control signal where only the positive half-cycles of the sinusoid are sent.
• the comfort mode -1 corresponds to a lack of signal for 297 seconds then the presence of a complete sinusoidal command signal for 3 seconds, ie 150 or 180 alternations.
• the comfort mode -2 corresponds to a lack of signal for 293 seconds then the presence of a complete sinusoidal signal for 7 seconds, ie 350 or 420 alternations.
• Such a heating control method based on the presence or absence of signal alternations, is normalized. It is unfortunately limited, especially in the number of possible programs applicable to different radiators or accumulators which would be connected on the same pilot wire. In addition, such a heating method does not make it possible to transmit additional information, such as, for example, the outside temperature measured by an external probe.
• the invention provides for the implementation of a new heating control method.
• the heating control method according to the invention makes it possible to increase the number of orders it is possible to send to a radiator accumulator.
• the method according to the invention makes it possible to transmit, in addition to the commands, information such as the temperature recorded by an external probe wired on the general control box. This information will make it possible to better manage the charge rate of the radiator by adapting, for example, the heating power with respect to the ambient temperature or also with respect to the time of day.
• the invention provides for supplying electrical energy to a radiator accumulator.
• This accumulator is controlled by a control signal.
• Said control signal corresponds to commands and information that are processed by the particular control unit of the accumulator and executed by the accumulator.
• This signal is sent from the general control box to the accumulator.
• the invention provides a step during which the control signal is decomposed. More particularly, the control signal is broken down into frames. These frames are repeated and all the frames constitute the command signal. In addition, each frame is decomposed into m subframes. Each subframe has n half-waves of the sinusoidal control signal. According to the invention m and n are integers greater than 1, that is to say at least equal to 2. The method according to the invention thus makes it possible to code, on one or more half-waves, information or orders that are processed and executed by the accumulator. To enable this coding, the invention provides a step during which the control signal is formed to include a start sequence of the frame.
• This starting sequence of the frame enables the accumulator to know that it is in a frame defined according to the method of the invention.
• the control signal can then be processed by this accumulator.
• the invention provides a step during which commands and information transmitted via the control signal are decoded by a particular battery box and executed by the battery. These commands and information are coded on half-waves of the sinusoidal control signal contained in the frame defined using the starting sequence.
• Such a signal decomposition makes it possible to encode a large number of programming commands and information in a frame.
• a method can easily be adapted and optimized according to the number of orders and information to be transmitted.
• the subject of the invention is therefore a heating control method in which:
• a battery is supplied with electrical energy
• the supply of the accumulator is controlled by sending a control signal, the command signal sent corresponding to commands processed and executed by the accumulator, characterized in that it comprises at least:
• control signal is decomposed into recurrent frames, each frame being decomposed into m subframes, each subframe comprising n half-cycles of the signal, m and n being integers greater than 1,
• control signal is formed to include a start sequence of the frame
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a heating system.
• a heating system comprises at least one radiator 1.
• This radiator 1 comprises an accumulator 2.
• the heating system further comprises a general control unit 3.
• the general control unit 3 sends a signal to the radiator 1. More particularly this general control box 3 sending a signal to a control box
• such a heating system may include an external temperature sensor 5.
• Such a probe 5 is wired on the general control box 3.
• the particular control unit 4 of the accumulator 2 comprises an input interface 6 and an output interface 7.
• the control signal sent by the general control unit 3 is received by said input interface 6.
• the particular control unit 4 comprises a microprocessor 8, a program memory 9 and a data memory 10.
• the commands transmitted by the general control unit 3 pass through the particular control unit 4 via an internal bus 11. These commands are processed by the particular control box 4.
• the accumulator executes these commands as a function of the processing performed by the particular control unit 4.
• FIG. 2 represents a graph of the signals according to a heating method known in the prior art.
• a signal sent by the general control unit is in the form of a sinusoidal signal 12. Such a signal 12 has a variable frequency.
• the control signal 12 sent by the general control unit 3 may be at a frequency of 50 or 60 Hz.
• This signal 12 corresponds to information and commands to be performed by the radiator 1. More particularly, a particular control unit 4 of the accumulator 2 of the radiator 1 receives this signal 8 and processes it according to a program for processing the signal of the control signal. Said control signal processing program is integrated in the particular control unit 4 of the accumulator 2.
• a typical signal is represented by a complete sinusoid. Such a signal has positive half-waves 13 and negative half-waves 14.
• the general control unit 3 sends this control signal 12 only discontinuously.
• the general control unit 3 sends all the sinusoid, only a part of the sinusoid, sends no sinusoidal control signal or sends all the sinusoid intermittently, with periods during which it sends no sinusoidal control signal.
• each operating mode corresponds to a control signal, or an absence of a control signal, sent by the general control unit 3 to the particular control unit 4 of the accumulator 2.
• the general control unit 3 sends a signal comprising the entire sinusoid of the control signal in a continuous manner, that is to say the set of positive half-waves 13 and negative half-waves 14.
• the particular control unit 4 of the accumulator 2 processes the presence of a complete control sinusoidal signal 15 as the programming of the economic mode.
• the general control unit 3 sends a signal 16 null. This continuously null command signal is processed by the particular control unit 4 of the accumulator 2 as the programming of the comfort heating mode.
• the general control unit 3 sends a signal 17 comprising only the positive half-waves 13 of the complete sinusoid, the general control unit 3 sending no signal during the negative half-waves 14 of the sinusoid.
• comfort modes -1 and comfort -2 respectively fifth curve and sixth curve, correspond to a lack of control signal for a certain period of time and then to the presence of the complete sinusoid for another period of time.
• comfort mode -1 corresponds to a lack of control signal 19 for 297 seconds and then to the presence of the complete sinusoid for 3 seconds, ie 150 or 180 alternations for respectively a frequency of 50 or 60 Hz.
• the comfort mode - 2 corresponds to a lack of a control signal for 293 seconds and then to the presence of the complete sinusoid for 7 seconds, ie 350 or 420 alternations for respectively a frequency of 50 or 60 Hz.
• Such a method of managing a system of heating is based on the presence or absence of control signal.
• This system remains limited in the number of programming commands it can process. In the same way, this system does not make it possible to transmit information, such as, for example, the outdoor temperature measured by an external probe wired to the general control unit. Moreover, in this system, it is impossible to send different signals depending on the radiator to be used.
• FIG. 3 represents a graph of the signals and their encoding according to the invention.
• an accumulator 2 is supplied with electrical energy.
• An order control signal to be processed and executed is sent by the general control unit 3.
• this signal may correspond to information which can also be processed by the accumulator.
• the processing of this information causes operation according to a particular heating mode of the radiator according to said information.
• the invention provides a step in which the control signal sent by the general control unit 3 is decomposed into repeating 21 frames.
• the set of frames 21 constitutes the control signal.
• each frame 21 is decomposed into m subframes 22.
• each sub-frame 22 is decomposed into n half-cycles 23 of the sinusoid.
• m and n are integers with a value greater than 1.
• the accumulator 2 must know the starting position of each frame 21.
• the invention provides a step during which the control signal is formed. to include a start sequence 24 of the frame 21.
• Such a start sequence 24 of the frame 21 makes it possible to know the starting point for reading information and commands to be read on the control signal sent by the general control unit. 3.
• the accumulator 2 must process the information and commands sent by the general control unit 3.
• the invention provides a step during which the particular control unit 4 of the accumulator 2 decodes and processes this information and these commands transmitted by the control signal. According to the invention, these commands and information are coded, no longer on the entire sinusoidal control signal, but on half-waves 23 of the sinusoidal control signal contained in a frame 21.
• Such coding of the information and commands on a frame 21 makes it possible, according to the number m of subframes 22 as well as the number n of half-cycles 23 of a sub-frame 22, to code a large number of orders and information on the same control signal.
• Such a method can easily be adapted and optimized according to the number of order and information to be sent to the accumulator 2.
• each frame 21 comprises six subframes 22 and each subframe 22 has four half-waves 23 of the complete sinusoid.
• This half-wave 23 includes a data item to be processed by the particular control unit 4 of the accumulator 2.
• An exemplary embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the presence of the control signal, sent by the general control unit 3 during a given half-interval 23, can be interpreted by the particular control unit 4 of the accumulator 2 as a first coding state 26 for this half-wave 23. The absence of a control signal during a given half-wave 23 of the sinusoid is then interpreted as a second state 27 coding for this half-shift 23.
• the first state For example, the encoding code 26 may represent the binary coding of the value 1.
• the second coding state 27 then represents the binary coding of the value 0. It should be noted that in this coding example, the binary value 1 is coded by sending a control signal during a given half-wave 23, whether it is a positive half-wave 13 or a negative half-wave 14.
• a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the start sequence 24 is present in each frame 21. More particularly, each frame 21 comprises, in a first sub-frame 25, a start sequence 24.
• the invention provides, for example, for example, the start sequence 24 corresponds to sending a sinusoidal control signal on two consecutive half-waves 23 of said control signal.
• the sending of such a control signal on two consecutive half-cycles 23 codes for two consecutive bits 1, ie "11".
• These two consecutive half-waves 23, then located in the first sub-frame 25 may be the (n-1) -theme 28 and the n-th 29 half-wave 23 of the first sub-frame 25 of each frame 21.
• the initial sequence 24 has a first half-alternation 23 a negative half cycle 14.
• An advantage of the invention is to allow the sending by the general control unit 3 of a greater number of orders to be processed by the particular control unit 4 of the accumulator 2 of the radiator 1.
• the control signal may include information on a programming system based on off-peak hours or full hours of use of the heating system. Typically, a heating system does not operate in the same way at any time of the day or night.
• the accumulator 2 can adjust the charge rate of the radiator 1.
• the six known orders can be encoded on a three-bit word and the information on the off-peak or full hours can be coded on a single bit 30.
• the heating system is in full hours.
• the off-peak bit codes to 1, that is to say a command signal is sent by the general control unit 3 during the half-alternation 23 corresponding to the 30 hour of hollow or full hours
• the heating system is in full hours.
• the off-peak bit is 0, corresponding to a lack of a control signal during the half-wave 23 of the off-peak bit 30, the heating system is in off-peak hours.
• the bits coding for the six known commands can be defined according to the program contained in the program memory 9 of the particular control unit 4 of the accumulator 2.
• the comfort mode can be coded by the three bit word " 110 ".
• the six commands are coded on a three-bit word, there remain two programming possibilities in said three-bit word. For example, if the six known orders are encoded by the words ranging from "001" to "110”, the words "000” and "111” are still available. These two words may be unused and reserved for future applications, or for reading error messages.
• the method according to the invention furthermore comprises information on three levels of load-shedding power.
• This information on the three load shedding levels is coded on three independent bits.
• the bits coding for the three load shedding power levels can be interleaved in the subframes 22.
• the bits coding for the three load shedding power levels are located on several subframes 22.
• the bits coding for the three levels load shedding power are bits different from the bits containing the other information and commands of the frame 21.
• the bits coding for the three load shedding power levels can be the first bit 31 of the second sub-frame 32 to the first power level, the third bit 33 of the second sub-frame 32 for the second power level and the first bit 34 of the third sub-frame 35 for the third power level.
• a heating system may comprise a detection probe 5 of the outside temperature.
• a probe 5 makes it possible to adapt the type of heating mode to be used as a function of the outside temperature.
• the radiator 1 can adapt its charge rate depending on the temperature and its program memory 9.
• the radiator 1 can, for example in a temperature range from -8 ° C to 22 ° C, provide a power 100% heating for a temperature ranging from -8 ° C to 18 ° C and a heating power decreasing from 18 0 C to 22 ° C, the heating power can be 50% at 20 0 C and 0% at 22 ° C.
• Such a probe 5 is wired on the general control box 3.
• the particular control unit 4 of the accumulator 2 must then know if such a probe 5 is present or not in the heating system.
• the invention thus provides a bit 37, ie a half-wave 23 of the sinusoid, allowing the particular control unit 4 of the battery 2 to be informed about the presence or absence of such external probe 5.
• the n-th bit of the second sub-frame 32 may serve to inform the particular control unit 4 of the accumulator 2 of the presence or absence of such an external sensor.
• a frame 21 according to this exemplary embodiment therefore comprises six sub-frames 22 of four half-cycles 23 each.
• the first sub-frame 25 then has on its third 28 and fourth half-wave 23 the starting sequence 24 of the frame 21.
• the second sub-frame 32 has on its first half-waveform 31 the information on the first half-waveform. level of shedding.
• This second sub-frame 32 includes on its third half-wave 33 the information on the second level of shedding.
• this second sub-frame comprises on its fourth half-wave 23 the information 37 on the presence or absence of an outside sensor 5.
• the third sub-frame 35 has on its first half-waveform 34 the information on the third level of shedding and on its fourth half-wave 23 the information on off-peak or full hours.
• the fourth, fifth and sixth subframes each comprise, on their fourth half-wave 36, a three-bit word encoding the commands to be processed by the particular control unit 4 of the battery 2.
• the particular control unit 4 of the accumulator 2 must also, in addition to having to detect the presence of a probe 5, receive the information recorded by this probe 5, typically the temperatures recorded by the probe 5. This information must therefore be sent by the general control unit 3 to the same as the six orders, off-peak information and load shed power levels.
• the information can be encoded on five bits. However, these five bits must only be used in the case where a probe 5 is present, it would be useless to make a frame 21 comprising these five bits reserved for the information recorded by the external probe 5 if no external probe 5 is wired to the general control box 3.
• the particular control unit 4 of the accumulator 2 must therefore differently manage the frames 21 according to whether an external probe 5 is wired or not.
• the method according to the invention provides for using the same number m of subframes 22 having the same number n of half cycles 23 as an external sensor 5 is wired or not, but to code the information and the commands on several recurring frames 21 when an outer probe 5 is wired and on a single repeating frame 21 when no external probe 5 is wired. More particularly, the information and commands to be processed by the particular control unit 4 of the accumulator 2 are coded on three consecutive recurring frames 38 if an external probe 5 is present and on a single and single frame 39 if no external probe 5 is not present.
• the single repeating frame 39 comprises only the start sequence 24, the probe absence information 37, the orders, the hours information. hollow, load shedding power levels.
• This repeating frame 39 is repeated, at least in its structure, as long as no external probe 5 is wired on the general control unit 3.
• the set of recurrent frames 39 of the control signal sent by the general control unit 3 having the same structure.
• This set of recurrent frames 39 then constitutes the control signal sent by the general control unit 3.
• the invention provides for adding two frames in addition to the frame 21 comprising the commands, the hours information. hollow and load shedding power levels. This addition of frames makes it possible to avoid the presence of half-vibrations 23 for the information on the external probe 5 if no external probe 5 is wired.
• the assembly formed by these three recurrent frames repeats itself, at least in its structure, as long as an external probe 5 is wired on the general control box 3.
• the information on the outside temperature is, for example, coded on the n-th half-wave 36 of the sub-frames 22 going from the third sub-frame 35 to the last sub-frame 22 of the second frame 40 and the third frame 41 of all three frames present if an outer probe 5 is wired.
• the temperature information is coded on a five-bit word, three bits remain available. Again, these available bits can be used for future enhancements or additional orders.
• the method according to the invention can easily be adapted and optimized according to the number of information and commands that must be transmitted via the control signal. Furthermore, the method according to the invention makes it possible to transmit a large number of commands and information on a control signal sent by a general control unit 3.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Central Heating Systems (AREA)
• Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)

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• 2008
  • 2008-04-03 FR FR0852205A patent/FR2929692B1/fr active Active
• 2009
  • 2009-04-02 WO PCT/FR2009/000394 patent/WO2009133284A2/fr not_active Ceased
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