EP2269747B1 - Device and method for identifying empty bottles - Google Patents

Device and method for identifying empty bottles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2269747B1
EP2269747B1 EP09164347A EP09164347A EP2269747B1 EP 2269747 B1 EP2269747 B1 EP 2269747B1 EP 09164347 A EP09164347 A EP 09164347A EP 09164347 A EP09164347 A EP 09164347A EP 2269747 B1 EP2269747 B1 EP 2269747B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
light
empties
light source
optical unit
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Not-in-force
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EP09164347A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2269747A1 (en
Inventor
Manuel Oschlies
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OSCHLIES, MANUEL
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Oschlies Manuel
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Priority to EP09164347A priority Critical patent/EP2269747B1/en
Priority to DK09164347.8T priority patent/DK2269747T3/en
Priority to AT09164347T priority patent/ATE553857T1/en
Publication of EP2269747A1 publication Critical patent/EP2269747A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/04—Sorting according to size
    • B07C5/12—Sorting according to size characterised by the application to particular articles, not otherwise provided for
    • B07C5/122—Sorting according to size characterised by the application to particular articles, not otherwise provided for for bottles, ampoules, jars and other glassware
    • B07C5/126—Sorting according to size characterised by the application to particular articles, not otherwise provided for for bottles, ampoules, jars and other glassware by means of photo-electric sensors, e.g. according to colour

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for identifying empties according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention further relates to a method for the identification of empties according to the preamble of claim 7.
  • the WO 97/20186 A1 discloses a sensor for detecting and distinguishing objects, which has an aperture oriented in the direction of the objects, at least one light source for projecting a light band or light beam across the aperture, at least one mirror for parallelizing the light band or light beam, and a light receiver for detecting a quantity of light passes through the aperture.
  • the profile of an object which is passed through the aperture is ratiometrically determined by measuring an instantaneous change of a light intensity which results from a thickening of the light generated by the light source through the object.
  • the sensor is suitable for the detection and differentiation of feed pellets, in particular fish feed pellets, and for partial application in the field of aquaculture, ie in the controlled rearing of aquatic organisms.
  • a 1 is an arrangement for the spatial measurement of empties, in particular of boxes and contained in boxes bottles on Transport devices in reverse vending machines known.
  • an electronic camera is arranged on a linear drive or on a Drehereleger drive with a pivot point above a beverage crate, which is located on a transport device and a dark field reflected light illuminates the beverage crate evenly.
  • the disadvantage is that the electronic camera is movably arranged by means of a drive, which leads to an increased effort in the production. The need for continuous movement of the camera can result in increased material wear on the linear drive or the twist-arm drive, which can lead to limited reliability of the device for the spatial measurement of empties.
  • the device comprises a light source which generates light rays which lie in a light plane, a device which allows a movement of at least part of the light plane, so that the part of the moving light plane at least partially passes over and illuminates the respective container to be inspected.
  • a line camera captures the light at least partially.
  • the apparatus comprises a light source, a light detector, means (hereinafter also referred to as an optical unit) which directs light beams from the light source as parallel beams across a path of movement of the container in the form of parallel beams and light not covered by the container or deflected, the light detector zumony.
  • a computer is connected to the light detector and processes the signals of the detector that are sampled for the detector Light rays are representative.
  • a comparison device compares these processed signals with predetermined container data and recognizes the contour mapping of the container.
  • the device for aligning the light beams comprises Fresnel lenses which are arranged coaxially on opposite longitudinal sides of the movement path of the container.
  • the light source for example a stationary light emitting diode, emits light in the direction of the first Fresnel lens.
  • the light detector z.
  • As a CCD camera detects the contour of the container, as far as it is shown by the light that is not covered or deflected by the container, as well as any light that passes through the container.
  • the disadvantage is that the optical unit formed from Fresnel lenses only with relatively great effort and thus costly feasible.
  • WO-A-2009/061207 describes a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide an improved device and an improved method for the identification of empties, which in particular with little effort and can be realized inexpensively.
  • the device should achieve high reliability.
  • the object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1.
  • the object is achieved by the features specified in claim 7.
  • the device for identifying empties which is transportable by means of a transport device comprising a light source for emitting light, an optical unit for deflecting and reflecting the light, a camera for receiving the reflected light and a processing unit for processing image information.
  • the optical unit is formed from a curved first reflector and a second reflector opposite thereto, wherein the Transporting the empties positioned in a predetermined position between the first reflector and the second reflector and the optical unit is arranged such that the empties is at least twice in the same way and / or in opposite directions with the emitted light of the light source is floatable.
  • This device can be produced in an advantageous manner with little effort.
  • a further advantage is a high reliability of the device for identifying empties. Due to the multiple flooding of the empties in the same way and / or in the opposite direction a very high contrast is achieved for detecting a shape of the empties, resulting in a reliable identification of the empties.
  • the first reflector is a parabolic mirror, a parabolic trough mirror or a curved mirror whose cross section corresponds to a circle segment.
  • a parabolic mirror is understood to mean a paraboloid of revolution, which is mirrored on at least one inner side, and a gutter with a parabolic cross-section under a parabolic trough.
  • a circle segment or a circle segment is understood to mean a partial area of a circular area which is delimited by a circular arc and a circular chord.
  • the light is conducted to the first reflector by means of the light source, wherein the light impinging on the first reflector is deflected, parallelized in at least one first direction and passed through the empties.
  • This light is reflected by means of the second reflector and passed in the opposite direction through the empties back to the first reflector and supplied by means of this a camera, so that image information is processed in a processing unit.
  • the second reflector is flat depending on the design of the first reflector or curved such that its cross section corresponds to a circle segment.
  • the second reflector is preferably curved with a circular segment-shaped cross section.
  • the axes of curvature of the reflectors about which they are curved are substantially perpendicular to one another.
  • the second reflector is preferably flat, ie. H. its reflection surface is flat.
  • the second reflector is formed of a painted metal plate, which is simple and inexpensive to produce and in combination with the curved design of the first reflector leads to a high insensitivity of the optical unit to extraneous light, which in turn provides a reliable identification of the empties allows.
  • the light source and the camera are arranged directly adjacent, so that the light emitted by the light source by means of the optical unit in the same way but in the opposite direction to the camera is traceable. From the fixedly positioned arrangement of the optical unit, a low material and cost can be achieved and high reliability of the optical unit can be achieved.
  • the light source is a point light source.
  • the light emitted by the point light source is transmitted to the optical unit comprising the first reflector and the second reflector, wherein the light striking the first reflector is deflected in a parallel direction in at least a first direction through the empties Reflected light by the second reflector and in the opposite direction by the empties are passed back to the first reflector and fed back to the camera by means of this, so that image information is processed in a processing unit.
  • the camera is preferably arranged directly adjacent to the light source. This means that light emitted by the light source is conducted through the empties due to the formation of the optical unit and sent back in the same way but in the opposite direction back to the light source, so that it can be detected by the camera.
  • the use of the point light source allows a high luminous efficacy, resulting in a better signal / noise ratio.
  • the curved first reflector and a resulting parallelization of the emitted light from the light source in at least one direction it is advantageously possible to design the device for identifying the emptiesou spad because the first reflector only as large as the largest to be detected Empties must be.
  • the curved first reflector further represents a cost-effective component, so that the optical unit can be realized at low cost.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a device 1 according to the invention for the identification of empties.
  • FIG. 2 shows the in FIG. 1 illustrated inventive device 1 in a side view.
  • the device 1 according to the invention for identifying empties 2 will be described below with reference to both figures. Furthermore, an embodiment of a method according to the invention is explained in more detail in the following description with reference to both figures.
  • the device 1 according to the invention is arranged, in particular, in an automated return system (not shown in detail), for example in an empties return machine, for identifying empties 2.
  • an empties return machine for identifying empties 2.
  • identifying the empties 2 is meant in particular a clear recognition of the empties 2 in terms of a type and / or a form.
  • the device 1 comprises a light source 1.1 for emitting light L, an optical unit 1.2 for deflecting and reflecting the light L, a camera 1.3 for receiving the reflected light L and a processing unit 1.4 for processing image information.
  • the optical unit 1.2 is formed from a curved first reflector 1.2.1 and a second reflector 1.2.2 opposite thereto.
  • empties 2 With a return of empties 2 this is about a transport device 3, for example, a conveyor belt, transportable.
  • the transport device 3 positions the empties 2 in a predeterminable position between the first reflector 1.2.1 and the second reflector 1.2.2.
  • the empties 2 are, for example, beverage bottles and / or beverage cans whose materials can have a different transparency.
  • the light source 1.1 which is designed in particular as a point light source
  • the light L is sent to the first reflector 1.2.1, which is formed in the illustrated embodiment as a parabolic trough mirror. At this point, it is deflected and reflected in such a way that it is directed parallel to the first direction X in the direction -Z of the second reflector 1.2.2 and traverses the empties 2.
  • a non-illustrated axis of curvature of the first reflector 1.2.1, about which it is curved, substantially perpendicular to the transport device 3 and the first reflector 1.2.1 is further with respect to a plane formed from the directions Y and X to one of the directions X and Z formed tilted plane arranged.
  • the second reflector 1.2.2 is a curved mirror whose cross section corresponds to a circle segment and which is preferably formed from a painted metal plate.
  • the light L is thus, in particular fanned, reflected at the first reflector 1.2.1 designed as a parabolic trough mirror so that it impinges on the second reflector 1.2.2 at right angles to its reflection surface.
  • the light L is reflected by means of the second reflector 1.2.2 such that it is passed on the same path, but in the opposite direction Z again through the empties 2, to reflect at the first reflector 1.2.1 back towards the light source 1.1 to become.
  • the light source 1.1 and the camera 1.3 are arranged directly adjacent to one another, ie directly next to one another or one above the other, the light L is reflected simultaneously to the camera 1.3.
  • the image information acquired by the camera 1.3 is supplied to the processing unit 1.4.
  • the first reflector 1.2.1 is designed as a curved mirror whose cross section corresponds to a circle segment.
  • the light L is deflected and reflected at this in such a way that it is parallelized with respect to the first direction X in the direction -Z of the second reflector 1.2.2 and passes through the empties 2.
  • the second reflector 1.2.2 is again curved mirror whose cross section corresponds to a circle segment. The axes of curvature of the reflectors 1.2.1, 1.2.2 are again perpendicular to each other.
  • the first reflector 1.2.1 is designed as a parabolic mirror, so that the light L emitted by the light source 1.1 is parallelized both in the direction X and in the direction Y and the empties 2 in the direction Z crosses.
  • the second reflector 1.2.2 is planar in this case. That is, the reflection surface of the second reflector 1.2.2, to which the light L meets at right angles, is flat.

Landscapes

  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Control Of Conveyors (AREA)
  • Discharge Of Articles From Conveyors (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)

Abstract

The device (1) has a light source (1.1) for sending light (L), and an optical unit (1.2) provided for diverting and reflecting the light. A transport device (3) is positioned in a predetermined position between two reflectors (1.2.1, 1.2.2) of the optical unit, where one of the reflectors is formed from a painted metal plate. A camera (1.3) records the reflected light. The optical unit is arranged such that the empty bottles are supplied with the light transmitted from the light source in two directions (Z, -Z). An independent claim is also included for a method for identifying empty bottles.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Identifizierung von Leergut gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Verfahren zur Identifizierung von Leergut gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 7.The invention relates to a device for identifying empties according to the preamble of claim 1. The invention further relates to a method for the identification of empties according to the preamble of claim 7.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind automatisierte Rücknahmesysteme zur Annahme von entleerten, insbesondere pfandpflichtigen Getränkeverpackungen, wie z. B. Getränkeflaschen, Getränkedosen oder Getränkekästen bekannt. Dabei wird das Leergut üblicherweise in einem Scannvorgang identifiziert und anschließend einem Sammelbehälter zugeführt. Es existieren verschiedene Verfahren und Verrichtungen, welche eine zuverlässige Identifizierung des Leergutes ermöglichen sollen.From the state of the art are automated return systems for the acceptance of emptied, especially subject to deposit beverage packaging such. As beverage bottles, beverage cans or beverage crates. The empties are usually identified in a scanning process and then fed to a collection container. There are various methods and operations that should allow reliable identification of the empties.

Die WO 97/20186 A1 offenbart einen Sensor zur Detektion und Unterscheidung von Objekten, welcher eine in Richtung der Objekte orientierte Blendenöffnung, zumindest eine Lichtquelle zur Projektion eines Lichtbandes oder Lichtstrahles über die Blendenöffnung, zumindest einen Spiegel zur Parallelisierung des Lichtbandes oder Lichtstrahles und einen Lichtempfänger zur Erfassung einer Lichtmenge, welche über die Blendenöffnung passiert, umfasst. Das Profil eines Gegenstandes, welches durch die Blendenöffnung geleitet wird, wird ratiometrisch ermittelt, indem ein augenblicklicher Wechsel einer Lichtstärke gemessen wird, welcher aus einer Verdickung des mittels der Lichtquelle erzeugten Lichtes durch das Objekt resultiert. Der Sensor ist geeignet zur Detektion und Unterscheidung von Futterpellets, insbesondere Fischfutterpellets, und zur teilweisen Anwendung im Gebiet der Aquakultur, d. h. bei der kontrollierten Aufzucht von im Wasser lebenden Organismen.The WO 97/20186 A1 discloses a sensor for detecting and distinguishing objects, which has an aperture oriented in the direction of the objects, at least one light source for projecting a light band or light beam across the aperture, at least one mirror for parallelizing the light band or light beam, and a light receiver for detecting a quantity of light passes through the aperture. The profile of an object which is passed through the aperture is ratiometrically determined by measuring an instantaneous change of a light intensity which results from a thickening of the light generated by the light source through the object. The sensor is suitable for the detection and differentiation of feed pellets, in particular fish feed pellets, and for partial application in the field of aquaculture, ie in the controlled rearing of aquatic organisms.

Aus der DE 10 2005 007 492 A 1 ist eine Anordnung zur räumlichen Vermessung von Leergut, insbesondere von Kästen und in Kästen enthaltenen Flaschen, auf Transporteinrichtungen in Leergutautomaten bekannt. Dabei ist eine elektronische Kamera auf einem Linearantrieb oder auf einem Drehausleger-Antrieb mit einem Drehpunkt über einem Getränkekasten angeordnet, der sich auf einer Transporteinrichtung befindet und eine Dunkelfeld-Auflichtbeleuchtung leuchtet den Getränkekasten gleichmäßig aus. Nachteilig ist, dass die elektronische Kamera mittels eines Antriebes bewegbar angeordnet ist, was zu einem erhöhten Aufwand in der Herstellung führt. Durch die Notwendigkeit einer ständigen Bewegung der Kamera kann ein erhöhter Materialverschleiß an dem Linearantrieb oder dem Drehausleger-Antrieb entstehen, was zu einer eingeschränkten Zuverlässigkeit der Anordnung zur räumlichen Vermessung von Leergut führen kann.From the DE 10 2005 007 492 A 1 is an arrangement for the spatial measurement of empties, in particular of boxes and contained in boxes bottles on Transport devices in reverse vending machines known. In this case, an electronic camera is arranged on a linear drive or on a Drehereleger drive with a pivot point above a beverage crate, which is located on a transport device and a dark field reflected light illuminates the beverage crate evenly. The disadvantage is that the electronic camera is movably arranged by means of a drive, which leads to an increased effort in the production. The need for continuous movement of the camera can result in increased material wear on the linear drive or the twist-arm drive, which can lead to limited reliability of the device for the spatial measurement of empties.

Weiterhin sind aus der DE 103 59 781 A1 eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Inspektion von Leergut-Gebinden, die auf einer Transportvorrichtung befördert werden, bekannt. Die Vorrichtung umfasst eine Lichtquelle, die Lichtstrahlen erzeugt, die in einer Lichtebene liegen, eine Einrichtung, die eine Bewegung wenigstens eines Teils der Lichtebene ermöglicht, so dass der Teil der bewegten Lichtebene das jeweils zu inspizierende Gebinde wenigstens teilweise überstreicht und beleuchtet. Dadurch wird Licht von dem jeweiligen Gebinde reflektiert und eine Zeilenkamera nimmt das Licht wenigstens teilweise auf. Nachteilig ist hierbei, dass sich eine gesonderte Einrichtung, insbesondere ein schwingender Spiegel, zu einer Bewegung der Lichtebene notwendig ist, wodurch ein zusätzlicher Aufwand und damit verbunden erhöhte Kosten entstehen.Furthermore, from the DE 103 59 781 A1 a device and a method for the inspection of empties containers, which are transported on a transport device known. The device comprises a light source which generates light rays which lie in a light plane, a device which allows a movement of at least part of the light plane, so that the part of the moving light plane at least partially passes over and illuminates the respective container to be inspected. As a result, light is reflected by the respective container and a line camera captures the light at least partially. The disadvantage here is that a separate device, in particular a vibrating mirror, is necessary for a movement of the light plane, whereby an additional expense and associated increased costs.

Ferner ist in der DE 195 12 133 A1 eine Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung, Abtastung und Erkennung einer Kontur-Abbildung eines Flüssigkeitsbehälters offenbart. Die Vorrichtung umfasst eine Lichtquelle, einen Lichtdetektor, eine Einrichtung (im Weiteren auch optische Einheit genannt), die Lichtstrahlen von der Lichtquelle als parallele Strahlen quer über eine Bewegungsbahn des Behälters in der Form von parallelen Strahlen leitet und Licht, das nicht durch den Behälter abgedeckt oder abgelenkt ist, dem Lichtdetektor zuleitet. Ein Rechner ist mit dem Lichtdetektor verbunden und verarbeitet die Signale des Detektors, die für die abgetasteten Lichtstrahlen repräsentativ sind. Eine Vergleichseinrichtung vergleicht diese verarbeiteten Signale mit vorgegebenen Behälterdaten und erkennt die Kontur-Abbildung des Behälters. Die Einrichtung zur Ausrichtung der Lichtstrahlen umfasst Fresnel-Linsen, die koaxial auf gegenüberliegenden Längsseiten der Bewegungsbahn des Behälters angeordnet sind. Die Lichtquelle, beispielsweise eine stationäre Leuchtdiode, gibt Licht in Richtung der ersten Fresnel-Linse ab. Der Lichtdetektor, z. B. eine CCD-Kamera, erfasst die Kontur des Behälters, soweit sie durch das Licht gezeigt wird, das nicht durch den Behälter abgedeckt oder abgelenkt ist, sowie etwaiges Licht, das durch den Behälter hindurchgeht. Nachteilig ist jedoch, dass die aus Fresnel-Linsen gebildete optische Einheit nur mit relativ großem Aufwand und somit kostenintensiv realisierbar ist.Furthermore, in the DE 195 12 133 A1 discloses a device for generating, sensing and detecting a contour mapping of a liquid container. The apparatus comprises a light source, a light detector, means (hereinafter also referred to as an optical unit) which directs light beams from the light source as parallel beams across a path of movement of the container in the form of parallel beams and light not covered by the container or deflected, the light detector zuleitet. A computer is connected to the light detector and processes the signals of the detector that are sampled for the detector Light rays are representative. A comparison device compares these processed signals with predetermined container data and recognizes the contour mapping of the container. The device for aligning the light beams comprises Fresnel lenses which are arranged coaxially on opposite longitudinal sides of the movement path of the container. The light source, for example a stationary light emitting diode, emits light in the direction of the first Fresnel lens. The light detector, z. As a CCD camera, detects the contour of the container, as far as it is shown by the light that is not covered or deflected by the container, as well as any light that passes through the container. The disadvantage, however, is that the optical unit formed from Fresnel lenses only with relatively great effort and thus costly feasible.

WO-A-2009/061207 beschreibt eine Vorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1. WO-A-2009/061207 describes a device according to the preamble of claim 1.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine verbesserte Vorrichtung und ein verbessertes Verfahren zur Identifizierung von Leergut anzugeben, welche insbesondere mit geringem Aufwand und kostengünstig realisierbar sind. Die Vorrichtung soll eine hohe Zuverlässigkeit erreichen.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide an improved device and an improved method for the identification of empties, which in particular with little effort and can be realized inexpensively. The device should achieve high reliability.

Hinsichtlich der Vorrichtung wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch die im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst. Hinsichtlich des Verfahrens wird die Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß durch die im Anspruch 7 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.With regard to the device, the object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1. With regard to the method, the object is achieved by the features specified in claim 7.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Die Vorrichtung zur Identifizierung von Leergut, welches mittels einer Transporteinrichtung beförderbar ist, umfassend eine Lichtquelle zur Aussendung von Licht, eine optische Einheit zur Ablenkung und Reflexion des Lichtes, eine Kamera zur Aufnahme des reflektierten Lichtes und eine Verarbeitungseinheit zur Verarbeitung von Bildinformationen.The device for identifying empties, which is transportable by means of a transport device comprising a light source for emitting light, an optical unit for deflecting and reflecting the light, a camera for receiving the reflected light and a processing unit for processing image information.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die optische Einheit aus einem gekrümmten ersten Reflektor und einem diesem gegenüberliegenden zweiten Reflektor gebildet ist, wobei die Transporteinrichtung das Leergut in einer vorgebbaren Lage zwischen dem ersten Reflektor und dem zweiten Reflektor positioniert und die optische Einheit derart angeordnet ist, dass das Leergut zumindest zweimal auf dem gleichen Weg und/oder in entgegengesetzten Richtungen mit dem ausgesendeten Licht der Lichtquelle durchflutbar ist.According to the invention, the optical unit is formed from a curved first reflector and a second reflector opposite thereto, wherein the Transporting the empties positioned in a predetermined position between the first reflector and the second reflector and the optical unit is arranged such that the empties is at least twice in the same way and / or in opposite directions with the emitted light of the light source is floatable.

Diese Vorrichtung ist in vorteilhafter Weise mit einem geringen Aufwand herstellbar. Da die optische Einheit ohne eine Verwendung beweglicher Teile ausgeführt ist, ist als weiterer Vorteil eine hohe Zuverlässigkeit der Vorrichtung zur Identifizierung von Leergut zu nennen. Aufgrund der mehrfachen Durchflutung des Leergutes auf dem gleichen Weg und/oder in entgegengesetzter Richtung wird ein sehr hoher Kontrast zur Erkennung einer Form des Leergutes erreicht, was zu einer zuverlässigen Identifizierung des Leergutes führt.This device can be produced in an advantageous manner with little effort. As the optical unit is implemented without the use of moving parts, a further advantage is a high reliability of the device for identifying empties. Due to the multiple flooding of the empties in the same way and / or in the opposite direction a very high contrast is achieved for detecting a shape of the empties, resulting in a reliable identification of the empties.

Zur Realisierung dieser mehrfachen Durchflutung ist der erste Reflektor gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung, der Erfindung ein Parabolspiegel, ein Parabolrinnenspiegel oder ein gekrümmter Spiegel, dessen Querschnitt einem Kreissegment entspricht. Unter einem Parabolspiegel wird dabei ein zumindest an einer Innenseite verspiegelter Rotationsparaboloid und unter einer Parabolrinne eine Rinne mit einem parabelförmigen Querschnitt verstanden. Unter einem Kreissegment oder einem Kreisabschnitt wird eine Teilfläche einer Kreisfläche verstanden, die von einem Kreisbogen und einer Kreissehne begrenzt ist.To realize this multiple flooding, the first reflector according to an advantageous development of the invention is a parabolic mirror, a parabolic trough mirror or a curved mirror whose cross section corresponds to a circle segment. In this context, a parabolic mirror is understood to mean a paraboloid of revolution, which is mirrored on at least one inner side, and a gutter with a parabolic cross-section under a parabolic trough. A circle segment or a circle segment is understood to mean a partial area of a circular area which is delimited by a circular arc and a circular chord.

Vorzugsweise wird mittels der Lichtquelle das Licht zu dem ersten Reflektor geleitet, wobei das auf den ersten Reflektor treffende Licht abgelenkt, in zumindest einer ersten Richtung parallelisiert und durch das Leergut geleitet wird. Dieses Licht wird mittels des zweiten Reflektors reflektiert und in entgegengesetzter Richtung durch das Leergut zurück auf den ersten Reflektor geleitet und mittels diesem einer Kamera zugeführt, so dass Bildinformationen in einer Verarbeitungseinheit verarbeitet werden.Preferably, the light is conducted to the first reflector by means of the light source, wherein the light impinging on the first reflector is deflected, parallelized in at least one first direction and passed through the empties. This light is reflected by means of the second reflector and passed in the opposite direction through the empties back to the first reflector and supplied by means of this a camera, so that image information is processed in a processing unit.

Um diese Funktionsweise zu eu-eichen, ist der zweite Reflektor je nach Ausbildung des ersten Reflektors eben ausgebildet oder derart gekrümmt, dass dessen Querschnitt einem Kreissegment entspricht. Bei einer Ausbildung des ersten Reflektors als Parabolrinnenspiegel oder als gekrümmter Spiegel, dessen Querschnitt einem Kreissegment entspricht, ist der zweite Reflektor vorzugsweise gekrümmt mit kreissegmentförmigem Querschnitt ausgebildet. Dabei verlaufen Krümmungsachsen der Reflektoren, um welche diese gekrümmt sind, im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu zueinander. Bei einer Ausbildung des ersten Reflektors als Parabolspiegel ist der zweite Reflektor vorzugsweise eben ausgeführt, d. h. dessen Reflexionsfläche ist plan.In order to eu-eichen this mode of operation, the second reflector is flat depending on the design of the first reflector or curved such that its cross section corresponds to a circle segment. In an embodiment of the first reflector as a parabolic trough mirror or as a curved mirror whose cross section corresponds to a circle segment, the second reflector is preferably curved with a circular segment-shaped cross section. In this case, the axes of curvature of the reflectors about which they are curved are substantially perpendicular to one another. In an embodiment of the first reflector as a parabolic mirror, the second reflector is preferably flat, ie. H. its reflection surface is flat.

Gemäß einer sinnvollen Weiterführung der Erfindung ist der zweite Reflektor aus einer lackierten Metallplatte gebildet, welche einfach und kostengünstig herstellbar ist und in Verbindung mit der gekrümmten Ausbildung des ersten Reflektors zu einer hohen Unempfindlichkeit der optischen Einheit gegenüber Fremdlicht führt, was wiederum eine zuverlässige Identifizierung des Leergutes ermöglicht.According to a meaningful continuation of the invention, the second reflector is formed of a painted metal plate, which is simple and inexpensive to produce and in combination with the curved design of the first reflector leads to a high insensitivity of the optical unit to extraneous light, which in turn provides a reliable identification of the empties allows.

In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind die Lichtquelle und die Kamera unmittelbar benachbart angeordnet, so dass das von der Lichtquelle ausgesendete Licht mittels der optischen Einheit auf dem gleichen Weg aber in entgegengesetzter Richtung zur Kamera zurückführbar ist. Aus der fest positionierten Anordnung der optischen Einheit kann ein geringer Material- und Kostenaufwand erzielt und eine hohe Zuverlässigkeit der optischen Einheit erreicht werden.In a further embodiment of the invention, the light source and the camera are arranged directly adjacent, so that the light emitted by the light source by means of the optical unit in the same way but in the opposite direction to the camera is traceable. From the fixedly positioned arrangement of the optical unit, a low material and cost can be achieved and high reliability of the optical unit can be achieved.

Ferner ist die Lichtquelle eine Punktlichtquelle. Das von der Punktlichtquelle ausgesendete Licht wird in dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren zu der den ersten Reflektor und den zweiten Reflektor umfassenden optischen Einheit gesendet, wobei das auf den ersten Reflektor treffende Licht derart abgelenkt, in zumindest einer ersten Richtung parallelisiert durch das Leergut geleitet wird, dass das Licht mittels des zweiten Reflektors reflektiert und in entgegengesetzter Richtung durch das Leergut zurück auf den ersten Reflektor geleitet und mittels diesem zurück zur Kamera zugeführt wird, so dass Bildinformationen in einer Verarbeitungseinheit verarbeitet werden.Furthermore, the light source is a point light source. In the method according to the invention, the light emitted by the point light source is transmitted to the optical unit comprising the first reflector and the second reflector, wherein the light striking the first reflector is deflected in a parallel direction in at least a first direction through the empties Reflected light by the second reflector and in the opposite direction by the empties are passed back to the first reflector and fed back to the camera by means of this, so that image information is processed in a processing unit.

Dabei ist die Kamera, wie bereits beschrieben, vorzugsweise unmittelbar benachbart zur Lichtquelle angeordnet. Das heißt, dass von der Lichtquelle ausgesendete Licht wird aufgrund der Ausbildung der optischen Einheit durch das Leergut geleitet und auf gleichem Weg aber in entgegengesetzter Richtung wieder zurück zur Lichtquelle gesendet, so dass es von der Kamera erfassbar ist.As already described, the camera is preferably arranged directly adjacent to the light source. This means that light emitted by the light source is conducted through the empties due to the formation of the optical unit and sent back in the same way but in the opposite direction back to the light source, so that it can be detected by the camera.

Die Verwendung der Punktlichtquelle ermöglicht eine hohe Lichtausbeute, aus welcher ein besseres Signal-/Rauschverhältnis resultiert. Durch den Einsatz des gekrümmten ersten Reflektors und einer daraus resultierenden Parallelisierung des von der Lichtquelle ausgesendeten Lichtes in zumindest einer Richtung ist es in vorteilhafter Weise möglich, die Vorrichtung zur Identifizierung des Leergutes kleinbauend auszuführen, da der erste Reflektor nur so groß wie das größte zu erfassende Leergut sein muss. Der gekrümmte erste Reflektor stellt weiterhin ein kostengünstiges Bauteil dar, so dass die optische Einheit mit geringem Kostenaufwand realisierbar ist.The use of the point light source allows a high luminous efficacy, resulting in a better signal / noise ratio. By using the curved first reflector and a resulting parallelization of the emitted light from the light source in at least one direction, it is advantageously possible to design the device for identifying the empties kleinbauend because the first reflector only as large as the largest to be detected Empties must be. The curved first reflector further represents a cost-effective component, so that the optical unit can be realized at low cost.

Ausführunasbeispiele der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert.Ausführunasbeispiele of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to drawings.

Darin zeigen:

Figur 1
schematisch eine Draufsicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Identifizierung von Leergut, und
Figur 2
schematisch eine Seitenansicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zur Identifizierung von Leergut gemäß Figur 1.
Show:
FIG. 1
schematically a top view of a device according to the invention for the identification of empties, and
FIG. 2
schematically a side view of the device according to the invention for the identification of empties according to FIG. 1 ,

Einander entsprechende Teile sind in allen Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.Corresponding parts are provided in all figures with the same reference numerals.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Draufsicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 1 zur Identifizierung von Leergut 2. Figur 2 zeigt die in Figur 1 dargestellte erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 in einer Seitenansicht. Im Folgenden wird die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 zur Identifizierung von Leergut 2 anhand beider Figuren beschrieben. Weiterhin wird in der folgenden Beschreibung ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens anhand beider Figuren näher erläutert. FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a device 1 according to the invention for the identification of empties. 2 FIG. 2 shows the in FIG. 1 illustrated inventive device 1 in a side view. The device 1 according to the invention for identifying empties 2 will be described below with reference to both figures. Furthermore, an embodiment of a method according to the invention is explained in more detail in the following description with reference to both figures.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 1 ist insbesondere in einem nicht näher dargestellten automatisierten Rücknahmesystem, beispielsweise in einem Leergutrücknahmeautomat, zur Identifizierung von Leergut 2 angeordnet. Unter Identifizierung des Leergutes 2 wird insbesondere eine eindeutige Erkennung des Leergutes 2 im Hinblick auf eine Art und/oder eine Form verstanden.The device 1 according to the invention is arranged, in particular, in an automated return system (not shown in detail), for example in an empties return machine, for identifying empties 2. By identifying the empties 2 is meant in particular a clear recognition of the empties 2 in terms of a type and / or a form.

Die Vorrichtung 1 umfasst dabei eine Lichtquelle 1.1 zur Aussendung von Licht L, eine optische Einheit 1.2 zur Ablenkung und Reflexion des Lichtes L, eine Kamera 1.3 zur Aufnahme des reflektierten Lichtes L und eine Verarbeitungseinheit 1.4 zur Verarbeitung von Bildinformationen. Die optische Einheit 1.2 ist aus einem gekrümmten ersten Reflektor 1.2.1 und einem diesem gegenüberliegenden zweiten Reflektor 1.2.2 gebildet.The device 1 comprises a light source 1.1 for emitting light L, an optical unit 1.2 for deflecting and reflecting the light L, a camera 1.3 for receiving the reflected light L and a processing unit 1.4 for processing image information. The optical unit 1.2 is formed from a curved first reflector 1.2.1 and a second reflector 1.2.2 opposite thereto.

Bei einer Rücknahme von Leergut 2 ist dieses über eine Transporteinrichtung 3, beispielsweise ein Transportband, transportierbar. Zu einer Identifizierung des Leergutes 2 positioniert die Transporteinrichtung 3 das Leergut 2 in einer vorgebbaren Lage zwischen dem ersten Reflektor 1.2.1 und dem zweiten Reflektor 1.2.2. Bei dem Leergut 2 handelt es sich beispielsweise um Getränkeflaschen und/oder Getränkedosen, deren Materialen eine unterschiedliche Transparenz aufweisen können.With a return of empties 2 this is about a transport device 3, for example, a conveyor belt, transportable. To identify the empties 2, the transport device 3 positions the empties 2 in a predeterminable position between the first reflector 1.2.1 and the second reflector 1.2.2. The empties 2 are, for example, beverage bottles and / or beverage cans whose materials can have a different transparency.

Mittels der Lichtquelle 1.1, welche insbesondere als Punktlichtquelle ausgebildet ist, wird das Licht L zu dem ersten Reflektor 1.2.1, welcher im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel als Parabolrinnenspiegel ausgebildet ist, gesendet. An diesem wird es derart abgelenkt und reflektiert, dass es bezüglich einer ersten Richtung X parallelisiert in Richtung -Z des zweiten Reflektors 1.2.2 geleitet wird und das Leergut 2 durchquert. Hierzu verläuft eine nicht näher dargestellte Krümmungsachsen des ersten Reflektors 1.2.1, um welche dieser gekrümmt ist, im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Transporteinrichtung 3 und der erste Reflektor 1.2.1 ist weiterhin bezüglich einer aus den Richtungen Y und X gebildeten Ebene zu einer aus den Richtungen X und Z gebildeten Ebene gekippt angeordnet.By means of the light source 1.1, which is designed in particular as a point light source, the light L is sent to the first reflector 1.2.1, which is formed in the illustrated embodiment as a parabolic trough mirror. At this point, it is deflected and reflected in such a way that it is directed parallel to the first direction X in the direction -Z of the second reflector 1.2.2 and traverses the empties 2. For this purpose, a non-illustrated axis of curvature of the first reflector 1.2.1, about which it is curved, substantially perpendicular to the transport device 3 and the first reflector 1.2.1 is further with respect to a plane formed from the directions Y and X to one of the directions X and Z formed tilted plane arranged.

Der zweite Reflektor 1.2.2 ist ein gekrümmter Spiegel, dessen Querschnitt einem Kreissegment entspricht und welcher vorzugsweise aus einer lackierten Metallplatte gebildet ist. Eine nicht näher dargestellte Krümmungsachse des zweiten Reflektors 1.2.2, um welche dieser gekrümmt ist, verläuft dabei senkrecht zu der Krümmungsachse des ersten Reflektors 1.2.1, d. h. im Wesentlichen parallel zur Transporteinrichtung 3. Bezüglich einer zweiten Richtung Y wird das Licht L derart, insbesondere gefächert, an dem als Parabolrinnenspiegel ausgebildeten ersten Reflektor 1.2.1 reflektiert, dass es an dem zweiten Reflektor 1.2.2 im rechten Winkel zu dessen Reflexionsfläche auftrifft. Somit wird das Licht L mittels des zweiten Reflektors 1.2.2 derart reflektiert, dass es auf dem gleichen Weg, aber in entgegengesetzter Richtung Z erneut durch das Leergut 2 geleitet wird, um an dem ersten Reflektor 1.2.1 zurück in Richtung der Lichtquelle 1.1 reflektiert zu werden.The second reflector 1.2.2 is a curved mirror whose cross section corresponds to a circle segment and which is preferably formed from a painted metal plate. A not shown axis of curvature of the second reflector 1.2.2, which is curved around this, runs perpendicular to the axis of curvature of the first reflector 1.2.1, d. H. With respect to a second direction Y, the light L is thus, in particular fanned, reflected at the first reflector 1.2.1 designed as a parabolic trough mirror so that it impinges on the second reflector 1.2.2 at right angles to its reflection surface. Thus, the light L is reflected by means of the second reflector 1.2.2 such that it is passed on the same path, but in the opposite direction Z again through the empties 2, to reflect at the first reflector 1.2.1 back towards the light source 1.1 to become.

Da in einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung 1 die Lichtquelle 1.1 und die Kamera 1.3 unmittelbar benachbart, d. h. unmittelbar nebeneinander oder übereinander, angeordnet sind, wird das Licht L gleichzeitig zu der Kamera 1.3 reflektiert. Die mittels der Kamera 1.3 erfassten Bildinformationen werden der Verarbeitungseinheit 1.4 zugeführt.Since, in an advantageous embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention, the light source 1.1 and the camera 1.3 are arranged directly adjacent to one another, ie directly next to one another or one above the other, the light L is reflected simultaneously to the camera 1.3. The image information acquired by the camera 1.3 is supplied to the processing unit 1.4.

Diese kann insbesondere anhand einer Außenkontur, d. h. anhand einer Form, aber auch anhand einer Welligkeit des abgebildeten Leergutes 2, welche aus dem Material und der damit verbundenen Transparenz des Leergutes 2 resultiert, eine Identifizierung des Leergutes 2 durchführen. Da das Licht L zumindest zwei Mal auf dem gleichen Weg in entgegengesetzten Richtungen Z und -Z durch das Leergut 2 geleitet wird, wird ein hoher Kontrast für eine Erkennung der Form erreicht, was zu einer zuverlässigen Identifizierung des Leergutes 2 führt. Anhand dieser Identifizierung ist es möglich, das Leergut 2 einem speziell zugeordneten nicht näher dargestellten Sammelbehälter zuzuführen und einen korrekten Pfandbetrag zu ermitteln.This can in particular on the basis of an outer contour, d. H. based on a shape, but also on the basis of a ripple of the illustrated empties 2, which results from the material and the associated transparency of the empties 2, perform an identification of the empties 2. Since the light L is passed through the empties 2 at least twice in the same direction in opposite directions Z and -Z, a high contrast is achieved for recognition of the shape, resulting in a reliable identification of the empties 2. Based on this identification, it is possible to supply the empties 2 a specially assigned collecting container not shown in detail and to determine a correct deposit amount.

In einer nicht näher dargestellten Weiterbildung der optischen Einheit 1.2 ist der erste Reflektor 1.2.1 als gekrümmter Spiegel, dessen Querschnitt einem Kreissegment entspricht, ausgebildet. Hierdurch wird das Licht L an diesem derart abgelenkt und reflektiert, dass es bezüglich der ersten Richtung X parallelisiert in Richtung -Z des zweiten Reflektors 1.2.2 geleitet wird und das Leergut 2 durchquert. In dieser Ausgestaltung ist der zweite Reflektor 1.2.2 wiederum gekrümmter Spiegel, dessen Querschnitt einem Kreissegment entspricht. Dabei verlaufen die Krümmungsachsen der Reflektoren 1.2.1, 1.2.2 wiederum senkrecht zueinander.In a further embodiment, not shown, of the optical unit 1.2, the first reflector 1.2.1 is designed as a curved mirror whose cross section corresponds to a circle segment. As a result, the light L is deflected and reflected at this in such a way that it is parallelized with respect to the first direction X in the direction -Z of the second reflector 1.2.2 and passes through the empties 2. In this embodiment, the second reflector 1.2.2 is again curved mirror whose cross section corresponds to a circle segment. The axes of curvature of the reflectors 1.2.1, 1.2.2 are again perpendicular to each other.

In einer nicht näher dargestellten weiteren Ausgestaltung der optischen Einheit 1.2 ist der erste Reflektor 1.2.1 als Parabolspiegel ausgebildet, so dass das von der Lichtquelle 1.1 ausgesendete Licht L sowohl in Richtung X als auch in Richtung Y parallelisiert wird und das Leergut 2 in Richtung -Z durchquert. Um zu erreichen, dass das Licht L das Leergut 2 auf dem gleichen Weg, aber in entgegensetzter Richtung Z erneut durchquert, ist in diesem Fall der zweite Reflektor 1.2.2 eben ausgebildet. Das heißt, dass die Reflexionsfläche des zweiten Reflektors 1.2.2, auf welche das Licht L im rechten Winkel trifft, plan ist.In a further embodiment, not shown, of the optical unit 1.2, the first reflector 1.2.1 is designed as a parabolic mirror, so that the light L emitted by the light source 1.1 is parallelized both in the direction X and in the direction Y and the empties 2 in the direction Z crosses. In order to ensure that the light L again traverses the empties 2 on the same path, but in the opposite direction Z, the second reflector 1.2.2 is planar in this case. That is, the reflection surface of the second reflector 1.2.2, to which the light L meets at right angles, is flat.

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

11
Vorrichtung
1.1 Lichtquelle
1.2 Optische Einheit
1.2.1 Erster Reflektor
1.2.2 Zweiter Reflektor
1.3 Kamera
1.4 Verarbeitungseinheitcontraption
1.1 light source
1.2 Optical unit
1.2.1 First reflector
1.2.2 Second reflector
1.3 camera
1.4 processing unit
22
LeergutEmpties
33
Transporteinrichtungtransport means
XX
Richtungdirection
YY
Richtungdirection
ZZ
Richtungdirection
-Z-Z
Richtungdirection

Claims (7)

  1. Apparatus (1) for the identification of empties (2), which are transportable using a transportation system (3), comprising a light source (1.1) for the emission of light (L), an optical unit (1.2) for the deflection and reflection of the light (L), a camera (1.3) for the reception of the reflected light (L) and a processing unit (1.4) for the processing of image information, characterized in that
    the optical unit (1.2) consists of a curved first reflector (1.2.1) and a second reflector (1.2.2) located opposite to the first one, while the transportation system (3) positions the empties (2) in pre-definable position between the first reflector (1.2.1) and the second reflector (1.2.2), and the optical unit (1.2) is arranged such that the empties (2) are floodable, at least twice along the same route and/or in opposite directions (Z, -Z), with the light (L) emitted by the light source (1.1) .
  2. Apparatus (1) as claimed in claim 1,
    characterized in that the first reflector (1.2.2) is a parabolic mirror, a parabolic trough reflector or a curved mirror whose cross-section corresponds to a circle segment.
  3. Apparatus (1) as claimed in claims 1 or 2,
    characterized in that the second reflector (1.2.2) has a planar design or is curved such that its cross-section corresponds to a circle segment.
  4. Apparatus (1) as claimed in any claim 1 through 3,
    characterized in that the second reflector (1.2.2) is formed by a varnished metal plate.
  5. Apparatus (1) as claimed in any claim 1 through 4,
    characterized in that the light source (1.1) and the camera (1.3) are immediately adjoining.
  6. Apparatus (1) as claimed in any claim 1 through 5,
    characterized in that the light source (1.2) is a point light source.
  7. Procedure for the identification of empties (2), which are transported using a transportation system (3), characterized in that light (L) is sent to an optical unit (1.2) comprising a first reflector (1.2.1) and a second reflector (1.2.2), while the light (L) impinging on the first reflector (1.2.1) is deflected, parallelized in at least one first direction (X) and directed through the empties (2) such that the light (L) is reflected using the second reflector (1.2.2) and directed in the opposite direction (Z) through the empties (2) back onto the first reflector (1.2.1) and directed to a camera (1.3) by this first reflector such that image information is processed in a processing unit (1.4).
EP09164347A 2009-07-01 2009-07-01 Device and method for identifying empty bottles Not-in-force EP2269747B1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09164347A EP2269747B1 (en) 2009-07-01 2009-07-01 Device and method for identifying empty bottles
DK09164347.8T DK2269747T3 (en) 2009-07-01 2009-07-01 Device and method for identifying return packaging
AT09164347T ATE553857T1 (en) 2009-07-01 2009-07-01 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING EMPLIES

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09164347A EP2269747B1 (en) 2009-07-01 2009-07-01 Device and method for identifying empty bottles

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EP2269747B1 true EP2269747B1 (en) 2012-04-18

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DE102014217771A1 (en) * 2014-09-05 2016-03-10 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Apparatus and method for quality control of transparent objects

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5993576B2 (en) * 2012-01-05 2016-09-14 あおい精機株式会社 Specimen information detection apparatus and specimen information detection method
CN105234566B (en) * 2013-07-19 2017-07-21 文创科技股份有限公司 The automatic Soldering lug machine of solar energy widgets and the separating mechanism of infrared cutting
DE102019214524B4 (en) 2019-09-24 2021-09-16 Sielaff Gmbh & Co. Kg Automatenbau Device for the optical recognition of objects, return system for empties and method for the production of a device for the optical recognition of objects

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GB2288016B (en) 1994-03-31 1998-05-13 Tomra Systems As Device for generating,detecting and recognizing a contour image of a liquid container
AUPN681595A0 (en) 1995-11-24 1995-12-21 Blyth, Peter John Sensor for detection and/or discrimination of objects
DE10140009B4 (en) * 2001-08-16 2004-04-15 Krones Ag Device for inspecting filled and closed bottles
DE10359781B4 (en) 2003-12-19 2006-01-05 Krones Ag Device for inspection of empties containers
CN101910785B (en) * 2007-11-07 2013-03-20 托姆拉系统公司 An apparatus, an optical unit and devices for use in detection of objects

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014217771A1 (en) * 2014-09-05 2016-03-10 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Apparatus and method for quality control of transparent objects
DE102014217771B4 (en) 2014-09-05 2023-05-04 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Device and method for quality control of transparent objects

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ATE553857T1 (en) 2012-05-15
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