EP2262056A1 - Wandlereinheit und Fahrzeug, das eine solche Einheit umfasst - Google Patents

Wandlereinheit und Fahrzeug, das eine solche Einheit umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2262056A1
EP2262056A1 EP09305530A EP09305530A EP2262056A1 EP 2262056 A1 EP2262056 A1 EP 2262056A1 EP 09305530 A EP09305530 A EP 09305530A EP 09305530 A EP09305530 A EP 09305530A EP 2262056 A1 EP2262056 A1 EP 2262056A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transducer
mobile support
transducer assembly
assembly according
mast
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09305530A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Erwan Rochefort
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Constructions Mecaniques de Normandie
Original Assignee
Constructions Mecaniques de Normandie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Constructions Mecaniques de Normandie filed Critical Constructions Mecaniques de Normandie
Priority to EP09305530A priority Critical patent/EP2262056A1/de
Publication of EP2262056A1 publication Critical patent/EP2262056A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/34Adaptation for use in or on ships, submarines, buoys or torpedoes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/02Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/02Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
    • H01Q3/04Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying one co-ordinate of the orientation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to transducer assemblies and to vehicles (e.g. ships) comprising such assemblies.
  • the present invention relates to a transducer assembly including:
  • the goal of the present invention is to improve transducer assemblies of the above-mentioned type, in particular for enhancing the performance and the availability of communication and/or detection systems transducer assemblies.
  • a transducer assembly of the type in question is characterized in that said path of movement is curved and has a concavity oriented toward said barrier forming element.
  • the transducer assembly has a better compactness and the relative azimuth angle of masking can be efficiently changed by moving the mobile support substantially around the barrier forming element, thanks to the actuating system.
  • the invention also concerns a vehicle comprising a transducer assembly according to the features described above.
  • the vehicle may be a ship, and the barrier forming element may be a ship mast belonging to said ship.
  • Figure 1 shows a ship 60 on which is mounted a mast 61 including a mast structure 1 which supports various devices including communication transducers and/or detection transducers adapted to transmit and/or receive electromagnetic waves (including in particular optical and radio signals).
  • a mast structure 1 which supports various devices including communication transducers and/or detection transducers adapted to transmit and/or receive electromagnetic waves (including in particular optical and radio signals).
  • Each communication transducer may be part of a communication system, designed to support communications, in one or two directions, between the ship and a distant communication unit like a satellite, a radio-navigation beacon, another vessel, or any other communication unit known in the art.
  • Each detection transducer may be part of a detection system, like a radar, a lidar or other detection system known in the art.
  • the transducer may also belong to a tracing system or a pointing system.
  • the mast 61 may also include other devices like marker lights, or any other device. In particular, some lighting devices may have to be supported by the highest part of the mast 61.
  • the mast structure 1 extends along a elongation axis Z, substantially vertical in the example, and comprises a top part 4 which supports for example a lighting assembly 62, including regulatory marker lights 63, and a base part 19, the top part 4 being rigid with the base part 19.
  • the base part 19 also forms a radome for radars antennas 16,17 enclosed therein.
  • the mast 61 further comprises at least one communication or detection transducer 21 which is mounted on a mobile support 3.
  • the mobile support 3 may have two transducers 21, 22 which are diametrically opposed relative to the mast 61.
  • This transducer 21 may be used for example in a communication system involving a distant communication unit like a satellite 8.
  • the transducers 21,22 send and/or receive electromagnetic waves 10 to/from the satellite 8 along a straight line 7 called in the following a 'communication line' 7, the projection of which on the horizontal plane is known as communication azimuth direction.
  • Said mobile support 3 is pivotally mounted around axis Z on the mast structure 1, said mobile support 3 being for example integral with a hub 18 pivotally mounted around Z axis Z on the mast structure 1, and which can be moved by a motorized, automatic actuating system (not shown in Figure 2 ).
  • the communication line 7 may be interrupted by part of the mast 61 (e. g. by the top part 4 of the mast 61). Said communication line 7 may also be masked by any other barrier forming element, like the other transducer 22, located within a useful communication area 9 of the transducer.
  • the transducer 21 is mounted on the mobile support 3 which is able to be moved around the rotation axis Z which coincides with the elongation direction Z of the mast structure 1 in the given example. Thanks to this disposition, the communication line 7 can be displaced in such a manner that the masking object is no longer an obstacle to the communication line 7.
  • the actuating system 5 may comprise a motor, a reduction gear, and an output gear.
  • the actuating system 5 may be rigid with the base structure 1 of the mast, or rigid with another stationary part relative to the mast 61, or even rigid with the mobile support 3.
  • This actuating system 5 comprises a non reversibility feature as known in the art : forces exerted on the mobile support (in particular wind forces or inertia forces) are not able to entail a movement of said mobile support 3, and the movement is only possible when provoked by the actuation of the actuating system 5.
  • a wiring harness 12 establish all necessary electrical links between the transducer 21 and related on-board control units (not shown).
  • the actuating system 5 is also linked by a wiring harness to related on-board control units (not shown).
  • the ship heading is denoted by the line 'H', which is directed with reference to the North direction 'N' according to a heading angle ' ⁇ '.
  • the transducer 21 which comprises a base rigid with the mobile support 3 and a pointing device 11 adapted to focus the electromagnetic waves in a preferred direction, called in the following the 'transducer direction' ⁇ T'.
  • the pointing device is a rotating antenna 11, but other pointing devices known in the art, in particular electronic focused antennae, may be used.
  • the transducer direction 'T' is referenced by an angle ' ⁇ " with respect to the support direction 'S'.
  • the transducer direction 'T' coincides with the communication line 7 explained above.
  • the transducer direction is denoted by the angle ⁇ 1
  • the communication line 7' between the transducer 21 and the satellite 8 is interrupted by the top part 4 of the mast.
  • the masking area in this configuration is represented by a mask area 'M' extending across a range having an angular width denoted by an angle ⁇ .
  • the masking area M defines a set of relative azimuth angles of masking as referred to in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the relative azimuth angle of masking, relative to the mast base part 19, is equal to: ⁇ + ⁇ .
  • the mobile support 3 is rotated in the clockwise direction to a new position depicted in Figure 3b .
  • the ship heading is not changed, but the angle of support is now ⁇ 2 which is less than 90 degrees.
  • the transducer direction corresponding to the communication line 7 is now ' ⁇ 2' with respect to the mobile support 3 reference. Therefore the communication line 7 is now outside the masking area 'M'.
  • the communication between the transducer 21 and the satellite 8 can be achieved at any time and irrespective of the relative position of the satellite 8 and the heading H of the ship.
  • the angular displacement ⁇ 2- ⁇ 1 performed on the mobile support to avoid the above mentioned masking effect, must be compensated for, regarding the transducer direction which T which should be offset in an opposite direction.
  • the range of movement of the mobile support 3 may be limited to less than 360 degrees and it is understood that not only one angular position can solve the masking area effect explained above.
  • the general process to avoid the masking area may be performed as follows, knowing that the goal is to have the transducer direction outside the masking area 'M', with a safety margin expressed by an angle ' ⁇ m', ( ⁇ m is for example 5 degrees): ⁇ 180 ⁇ ° + ⁇ / 2 + ⁇ m ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 180 ⁇ ° ⁇ ⁇ / 2 ⁇ ⁇ m .
  • ⁇ 1 is not comprised in this range, i.e. not comprised between -180° + ⁇ /2 + ⁇ m and 180° - ⁇ /2- ⁇ m, and if ⁇ 1 >0 then it is decided to move the mobile support in the counter-clockwise direction (increase ⁇ ), whereas if ⁇ 1 ⁇ 0 then it is decided to move the mobile support in the clockwise direction (decrease ⁇ ).
  • the transducer direction 'T' is maintained outside the masking area 'M', in the following range : - 180 ⁇ ° + ⁇ / 2 + ⁇ m ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 180 ⁇ ° - ⁇ / 2 - ⁇ m .
  • the angular range of the mobile support 3 is limited, for example from angles ⁇ min to ⁇ max, an additional parameter is taken in the decision making process.
  • the distant unit 8 is a satellite 8
  • the ship position is known (from GPS or inertia system)
  • FIG. 4 it is shown a variant of the first embodiment where three transducers 21,22,23 are arranged on a mobile support 3 having three spaced arms, equally distributed at 120 degrees around the circumference and pivotally mounted on the mast structure 1.
  • FIGS 5 to 7 illustrate a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the mobile support is bearing four transducers 21,22,23,24 each of them is involved in a communication or detection system.
  • the masking effect is not only due to the top part of the mast 4, but also to the neighbouring transducer(s).
  • the masking angle is then larger than in the first embodiment illustrated above.
  • a transducer 22,23 which is located in an intermediate position, there is not only one masking area but two masking areas (denoted by ⁇ 22a and ⁇ 22b for transducer 22, and ⁇ 23a and ⁇ 23b for transducer 23.
  • the solution should comply with the following constraints: - 180 + ⁇ ⁇ 21 / 2 + ⁇ m ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 21 ⁇ 180 - ⁇ ⁇ 21 / 2 - ⁇ m ; - 180 + ⁇ ⁇ 22 ⁇ a / 2 + ⁇ m ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 22 ⁇ - ⁇ ⁇ 22 ⁇ b / 2 - ⁇ m and + ⁇ ⁇ 22 ⁇ b / 2 + ⁇ m ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 22 ⁇ 180 - ⁇ ⁇ 22 ⁇ a / 2 - ⁇ m ; - 180 + ⁇ ⁇ 23 ⁇ a / 2 + ⁇ m ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 23 ⁇ - ⁇ ⁇ 23 ⁇ b / 2 - ⁇ m and + ⁇ ⁇ 23 ⁇ b / 2 + ⁇ m ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 23 ⁇ 180 - ⁇ ⁇ 23 ⁇ a / 2 - ⁇ m ; - 180 + ⁇ ⁇
  • This process can be an iterative process or an analytic calculation derived from the calculation illustrated in the first embodiment above.
  • the mast base 19 includes radome sections 19a, 19b which respectively enclose the radar antennas 16, 17.
  • stationary radio beacon 80 like ground or maritime radio beacon, as illustrated in Figure 5 .
  • FIGS 8 to 10 illustrate a third embodiment of the invention.
  • each transducer is borne by an individual mobile support 30.
  • Each individual mobile support 30 is moved by an individual actuating system 50.
  • Each individual mobile support is movable along a circular rail 6 arranged in a horizontal plane, and having as axis the mast axis Z.
  • the masking effect is not only due to the top part of the mast, but mainly to other transducers.
  • the masking areas are then larger than in the first embodiment illustrated above.
  • Each individual mobile support 3 transducer 21,22,23 has its own ⁇ orientation, in such a manner that ⁇ 21 denotes the angular position of the first transducer 21, ⁇ 22 denotes the angular position of the second transducer 22, ⁇ 23 denotes the angular position of the third transducer 23.
  • ⁇ 21, ⁇ 22, ⁇ 23 should be spaced enough in order to diminish the masking effect produced by a neighbouring transducer 21,22,23.
  • This constraint can be expressed by the following set of equations, where ⁇ is the minimum angular gap between two subsequent transducers 21,22,23. ⁇ ⁇ 23 + ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 21 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 22 - ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 21 + ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 22 ⁇ ⁇ - ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 22 + ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 23 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 21 - ⁇
  • the number of different masking areas may be up to the number of transducer plus the top part of the mast 4.
  • the masking constraint is a set of masking constraint similar to those explained above in the second embodiment.
  • this process can be an iterative process or an analytic calculation derived from the calculation illustrated in the first and second embodiments above.
  • the transducer assembly according to the invention may also comprise a correction system intended to automatically correct the transducer pointing direction, according to the angular displacement ⁇ of the mobile support 3, which can be applied, mutatis mutandis, to the second and third embodiments.
  • the correction system may comprise a mechanical link between the mast base and the transducer direction T, two example of such mechanical link are given hereafter.
  • This mechanical link may comprise a deformable parallelogram linkage with one part rigid with the mast structure 1 and the opposite part rigid with the transducer antenna.
  • Another preferred mechanical link may comprise a belt and pulley system: a first pulley is rigid with the mast structure 1 and a second pulley, with the same diameter as the first pulley, is pivotally mounted on the mobile support 3, and rigid in rotation with the transducer antenna.
  • the transducer antenna angular reference remains constant relative to the mast structure 1, whatever may be the angular position ⁇ of the mobile support 3.
  • the correction system may comprise a differential GPS including a GPS receiver mounted on the mast axis and a GPS receiver mounted on the centre of the transducer 21.
  • the rest of the process is similar to the preceding example.
  • the transducer assembly is controlled by control means that will be explained below, together with the reference to Figures 11 and 12 .
  • Figure 11 shows the structure of the control system adapted to control the transducer assembly.
  • the system comprises a control unit 80, at least one angular position sensor 84 able to measure the angular displacement or position of the mobile support 3, at least one angular position sensor 85 able to measure the angular position ⁇ of the transducer direction 'T', the respective angular information being inputted into the control unit 80.
  • the control unit 80 receives information from other units (not shown) in particular the ship heading 81, the ship position 82, the position of the distant communication unit 83.
  • the control unit also comprises outputs adapted to control the mobile support actuating system 5, in the example of first and second embodiment, and one or several transducer actuation means 29 which is/are able to direct individually each transducer direction 'T'.
  • a plurality of actuating system 50 i.e. one per transducer 21, 22, 23 are controlled by the control unit 80.
  • the control unit 80 may be realized not only in one single unit but in various distinct control units linked together by data links.
  • a first functional block 100 computes permanently the ship heading: this first functional block is usually included in the standard instruments equipping the ship.
  • the output of this functional block 100 is the heading angle ⁇ .
  • a second functional block 210 computes the ship geographical position, either using GPS receiver or using conventional inertial platform as known in the art, this second functional block 210 is usually also included in the standard instruments equipping the ship.
  • a third functional block 220 computes the position of the distant unit 8 to be pointed to by the transducer 21. This position is given by a local database or received by conventional radio navigation means.
  • a fourth functional block 200 computes, from the two outputs of the preceding blocks 210,220 the bearing angle ⁇ of the distant unit 8 with respect to the position of the ship.
  • the output of this functional block 220 is the bearing angle ⁇ 1.
  • a fifth functional block 300 acquires or measures the angular position of the mobile support 3, for example from the encoder or the differential method explained above.
  • the output of this functional block 220 is the mobile support angular position ⁇ .
  • a sixth functional block 400 computes, from the three angle values outputted respectively by functional block 100, 200, 300, the target value to be applied to the transducer pointing direction ' ⁇ 1target' according to equation Eq4 explained above.
  • a further step is performed in a seventh functional block 500 : the condition of Eq2 is evaluated, and if necessary in case of ⁇ 1target being located within or close to the masking area 'M' (angle ⁇ ) according to Eq2, a decision to move the mobile support 3 is taken and a new mobile support angular position is defined.
  • This change of ⁇ angle can be an increase by a predetermined value or a decrease by a predetermined value, as explained above.
  • the output of this functional block 500 is a new angular position ⁇ target.
  • a further step in this seventh functional block 500 controls the actuating system 5 to reach this position ⁇ target.
  • Another alternative is to use a direct setpoint ' ⁇ target' which can be computed directly by the sixth functional block 400.
  • the setpoint is applied to the actuation means 29 which are adapted to direct accurately the transducer pointing device 11 in direction of ' ⁇ target'.
  • mast arrangement described in the preceding description may be mounted on any type of vehicle, for example trucks, military vehicles, or any type vehicle type.
  • the mast arrangement described in the preceding description may also be mounted on a stationary platform, in particular to improve the reliability and availability of communication system with non stationary distant units and the reliability and availability of tracking or pointing systems.

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  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)
  • Navigation (AREA)
EP09305530A 2009-06-10 2009-06-10 Wandlereinheit und Fahrzeug, das eine solche Einheit umfasst Withdrawn EP2262056A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09305530A EP2262056A1 (de) 2009-06-10 2009-06-10 Wandlereinheit und Fahrzeug, das eine solche Einheit umfasst

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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EP09305530A EP2262056A1 (de) 2009-06-10 2009-06-10 Wandlereinheit und Fahrzeug, das eine solche Einheit umfasst

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EP2262056A1 true EP2262056A1 (de) 2010-12-15

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109301483A (zh) * 2018-10-10 2019-02-01 江苏三和欣创通信科技有限公司 一种基于多臂螺旋的多星单频天线
WO2020127783A1 (fr) 2018-12-20 2020-06-25 Naval Group Mature de plateforme navale

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5915308B2 (ja) 1977-05-31 1984-04-09 松下電工株式会社 木質単板貼り化粧板とその製法
EP0154240A2 (de) * 1984-02-17 1985-09-11 Comsat Telesystems, Inc. Antennennachführsystem für Satelliten
US4694773A (en) * 1986-03-07 1987-09-22 Jgb Industries, Inc. Remote control tilting system for raising and lowering radar and radio arch for boats
US5291211A (en) * 1992-11-20 1994-03-01 Tropper Matthew B A radar antenna system with variable vertical mounting diameter
EP1505688A1 (de) 2003-08-08 2005-02-09 EADS Deutschland GmbH Integriertes Antennenmast-System an Bord eines Kriegsschiffs
GB2432458A (en) * 2005-11-18 2007-05-23 Boeing Co Antenna positioning methods with line-of-sight obstruction avoidance

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5915308B2 (ja) 1977-05-31 1984-04-09 松下電工株式会社 木質単板貼り化粧板とその製法
EP0154240A2 (de) * 1984-02-17 1985-09-11 Comsat Telesystems, Inc. Antennennachführsystem für Satelliten
US4694773A (en) * 1986-03-07 1987-09-22 Jgb Industries, Inc. Remote control tilting system for raising and lowering radar and radio arch for boats
US5291211A (en) * 1992-11-20 1994-03-01 Tropper Matthew B A radar antenna system with variable vertical mounting diameter
EP1505688A1 (de) 2003-08-08 2005-02-09 EADS Deutschland GmbH Integriertes Antennenmast-System an Bord eines Kriegsschiffs
GB2432458A (en) * 2005-11-18 2007-05-23 Boeing Co Antenna positioning methods with line-of-sight obstruction avoidance

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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Title
HERTELENDY C ET AL: "The U.S. Navy strategic systems programs consolidated support ship (USNS WATERS) and its capabilities as an at-sea navigation test vehicle", POSITION LOCATION AND NAVIGATION SYMPOSIUM, IEEE 1998 PALM SPRINGS, CA, USA 20-23 APRIL 1998, NEW YORK, NY, USA,IEEE, US, 20 April 1998 (1998-04-20), pages 344 - 351, XP010276800, ISBN: 978-0-7803-4330-6 *
TIMPE G L ET AL: "NOMAD buoys: an overview of forty years of use", OCEANS '95. MTS/IEEE. CHALLENGES OF OUR CHANGING GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT. C ONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS. SAN DIEGO, CA, USA 9-12 OCT. 1995, NEW YORK, NY, USA,IEEE, US, vol. 1, 9 October 1995 (1995-10-09), pages 309 - 315, XP010197396, ISBN: 978-0-933957-14-5 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109301483A (zh) * 2018-10-10 2019-02-01 江苏三和欣创通信科技有限公司 一种基于多臂螺旋的多星单频天线
CN109301483B (zh) * 2018-10-10 2021-05-11 江苏三和欣创通信科技有限公司 一种基于多臂螺旋的多星单频天线
WO2020127783A1 (fr) 2018-12-20 2020-06-25 Naval Group Mature de plateforme navale
FR3090565A1 (fr) * 2018-12-20 2020-06-26 Naval Group Mature de plateforme navale

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