EP2261935A1 - Selector switch and method of operating a selector switch - Google Patents

Selector switch and method of operating a selector switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2261935A1
EP2261935A1 EP09162444A EP09162444A EP2261935A1 EP 2261935 A1 EP2261935 A1 EP 2261935A1 EP 09162444 A EP09162444 A EP 09162444A EP 09162444 A EP09162444 A EP 09162444A EP 2261935 A1 EP2261935 A1 EP 2261935A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
vacuum
contacts
contact
lever
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09162444A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Lars Jonsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Original Assignee
ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
ABB Research Ltd Sweden
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Research Ltd Switzerland, ABB Research Ltd Sweden filed Critical ABB Research Ltd Switzerland
Priority to EP09162444A priority Critical patent/EP2261935A1/en
Priority to BRPI1012952A priority patent/BRPI1012952A2/pt
Priority to EP10724819.7A priority patent/EP2441079B1/en
Priority to CN201080026199.5A priority patent/CN102460623B/zh
Priority to PCT/EP2010/058011 priority patent/WO2010142680A1/en
Publication of EP2261935A1 publication Critical patent/EP2261935A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
    • H01H9/0038—Tap change devices making use of vacuum switches

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to tap changers for transformers, and in particular to a selector switch for switching over from one tap of the transformer to the next.
  • on-load tap changers In power transformers, on-load tap changers (OLTC) are used to change tapping connections of transformer windings while the transformer is energised. To satisfy the needs of increased service life and reduced maintenance of on-load tap changers, they often use vacuum interrupters to control the switching and to quench the arc.
  • OLTC on-load tap changers
  • the vacuum interrupters in turn are controlled by rotating mechanisms.
  • the rotating mechanism can be provided with one or several cam followers following a cam surface located on the inside of a cylinder.
  • US 4,978,815 discloses an example of such tap changer.
  • Fixed step contacts are disposed on a circle and are connected to taps of a step transformer.
  • At least two switch contacts per phase are disposed in common on a pivotable contact carrier and are simultaneously pivotable on the circle.
  • Two vacuum switches per phase are electrically built into the contact carrier and connected in series with the switch contacts.
  • a cam race is disposed along the circle. Rollers run along the cam race for actuating the vacuum switches radially. The cam race and the rollers are current free.
  • a slip ring is coaxial with the cam race and the circle.
  • the cam race is disposed axially between and spaced apart from the fixed step contacts and the slip ring. Slip contacts slide on the slip ring.
  • Each of the vacuum switches is electrically connected between a respective one of the switch contacts and a respective one of the slip contacts.
  • the inventors of the present invention have noted some shortcomings with the known tap changer.
  • the guidance of the vacuum interrupter seems not to be optimal. Horizontal movement of the vacuum interrupter may cause increased wear and tear caused by gravity and/or may put higher demands on the guidance of the vacuum interrupter.
  • gas can be trapped outside the bellows of the vacuum interrupter, which may cause uneven mechanical strains and stresses and increased risk of fatigue of the material of the bellows.
  • a selector switch for switching over from one tap of a transformer to the next, comprising a rotatable switching shaft insert, and fixed step contacts circumferentially arranged on a cylinder provided around the switching shaft insert and connected to taps of the transformer.
  • the switching shaft insert includes, per phase, at least two switch contacts and a network terminal contact. A respective vacuum switch is connected between each of the switch contacts and the network terminal contact.
  • a cam structure is circumferentially arranged on the inner surface of the cylinder, and, for each of the vacuum switches, a radially extending and radially movable lever provided in its outer end with a cam follower is arranged to follow the cam structure when the switching shaft insert is rotated.
  • the switch contacts are arranged to be moved in and out of contact with the fixed step contacts and each of the levers is arranged to actuate a respective one of the vacuum switches upon rotation of the switching shaft insert.
  • each pair of levers and vacuum switches comprises structural elements in mutual engagement with one another which force the vacuum switch to be actuated axially by means of the lever being moved radially.
  • the structural elements force the vacuum switch to be actuated axially through the medium of a wedging effect as the lever is moved radially.
  • the lever comprises an inclined plane and the vacuum switch comprises a roller or protrusion.
  • the switch contacts may be moved in contact with the fixed step contacts to establish a radially or axially arranged electric connection.
  • a radially arranged electric connection is meant a connection wherein the contact pressure between the contacts is obtained by a radially directed force and by an axially arranged electric connection is meant a connection wherein the contact pressure between the contacts is obtained by an axially directed force.
  • a method of operating the selector switch of the first aspect of the invention comprises the steps of moving the switch contacts in and out of contact with the fixed step contacts and actuating a respective one of the vacuum switches by means of rotating the switching shaft insert, wherein for each pair of levers and vacuum switches, the vacuum switch is actuated axially by means of structural elements of the lever and the vacuum switch, which stand in mutual engagement with one another and which force the vacuum switch to be moved axially in response to the lever being moved radially.
  • An advantage of the present invention is that guidance of the moving vacuum interrupter is easier. Gas will not be trapped next to the bellows of the vacuum interrupter.
  • the design of the selector switch is very robust and efficient. The switching shaft insert is more easily mounted in the correct position in the cylinder. Simultaneously, a selector switch with radial cam operation is less sensitive to manufacturing tolerances.
  • a selector switch used to change the ratio of a transformer, by electrically or galvanically connecting a mains or network terminal 13 to fixed step contacts 14, which in turn are firmly connected to taps of a step winding of a transformer.
  • a right hand switch contact 12 which is connected in series with a transition resistor 16 is first pivoted from a step contact n to the adjacent step contact n+1 by means of rotating a switch shaft insert 11, in the course of which a vacuum switch 14 connected in series with the right hand switch contact 12 and the resistor 16 opens prior to the lifting of the right hand switch contact 12 from the step contact n, and closes again only after the right hand switch contact 12 has been applied to the next step contact n+1.
  • the opening of a vacuum switch 15 that is electrically connected in series with a left hand switch contact 12 takes place, so that the load current commutes to the right hand switch contact 12 and the vacuum switch 15 connected in series with the right hand switch contact 12. In this process, the voltage increases whereas the voltage decreases when the switching is performed in the opposite direction.
  • the present invention relates to the vacuum switches 15 and their operation.
  • the switch shaft insert 11 comprises two levers with cam followers which follow a cam structure upon rotation of the switch shaft insert 11. Resulting radial movements of the levers are obtained. Structural elements of the levers and of the vacuum switches which are in mutual engagement with one another transfers the radial movements of the levers to axial movements of the vacuum switches.
  • the selector switch comprises a rotatable switching shaft insert 11 which includes, per phase, two switch contacts 12 and a network terminal contact 13.
  • Fixed step contacts 14 are circumferentially and fixedly arranged on an insulating cylinder 22 provided around the switching shaft insert 11, wherein the fixed step contacts 14 are connected to taps of a transformer. Upon rotation of the switching shaft insert 11, the switch contacts 12 are arranged to be moved in and out of contact with the fixed step contacts 14.
  • the inventive selector switch is standing upright, i.e. its axial direction is parallel with a vertical axis and its radial direction is horizontal.
  • An electrically conductive sleeve or ring 28 is fixedly arranged on the inner surface of the cylinder 22. Upon rotation of the switching shaft insert 11, the network terminal contact 13 operates as a sliding contact providing continuous electric contact with the sleeve 28.
  • switch contacts 12 in the illustrated embodiment are arranged to be moved in contact with the fixed step contacts 14 to establish an essentially radially arranged electric connection (i.e. the force exerting the contact pressure is radially directed), the invention is not limited to such case.
  • the switch contacts 12 may be arranged to be moved in contact with the fixed step contacts 14 to establish an essentially axially arranged connection (i.e. the force exerting the contact pressure is axially directed).
  • the network terminal contact 13 may be arranged to be moved in contact with the sleeve 28 while establishing a connection with an axially directed force exerting the contact pressure.
  • a respective axially arranged vacuum switch 15 is connected between each of the switch contacts 12 and the network terminal contact 13.
  • a typical current path is indicated at 41 in Figure 4 when the vacuum switch 15 is closed.
  • switch contacts 12 and the fixed step contacts 14 on one hand and the network terminal contact 13 and the sleeve 28 on the other hand are arranged at different axial positions.
  • Each one of the switch contacts 12 and the network terminal contact 13 may be provided with spring biased contact pins in order to secure proper electric connection.
  • other kind of means is provided for exerting an appropriate contact pressure.
  • a cam based mechanism is provided.
  • a cam structure 23 is circumferentially arranged on the inner surface of the cylinder 28, and the switching shaft insert 11 is provided, for each of the vacuum switches 15, a radially extending and radially movable lever 24 provided in its outer end with a roller 25 arranged to follow the cam structure 23 upon rotation of the switching shaft insert 11, and as a result the lever 24 moves radially.
  • Each one of the levers 24 is arranged to actuate a respective one of the vacuum switches 15.
  • each one of the levers 24 is provided in its inner upper end with an inclined plane or surface 26 and each one of the vacuum switches 15 is provided in its upper end with a roller 27 which is forced to rest against the inclined plane 26 during operation.
  • a movement of a lever 24 radially inwards forces the vacuum switch 15 in engagement with the lever 24 to be moved axially upwards and as a result the vacuum switch 15 opens.
  • the vacuum switch 15 in engagement with the lever 24 is forced to be moved axially downwards and as a result the vacuum switch 15 closes.
  • the vacuums switches 15 are preferably spring biased with an axial force operating downwards. This force is also preferred to obtain appropriate electric contact pressure.
  • the levers 24 are preferably spring biased with a radial force operating outwards.
  • rollers 25 of the levers 24 are arranged to follow axially separated portions of the cam structure 23, which portions have different shapes. However, this is not a prerequisite.
  • the levers are arranged in the same axial position and their rollers follow the very same cam profile.
  • each pair of levers and vacuum switches comprises structural elements in mutual engagement with one another which force the vacuum switch to be actuated axially by means of the lever being moved radially.
  • the structural elements force the vacuum switch to be actuated axially through the medium of a wedging effect as the lever is moved radially.
  • the structural elements may comprise an inclined plane as disclosed above, a groove, or a slot in mutual engagement with a roller as disclosed above, or protrusion.
  • the lever comprises the inclined plane, groove, or slot
  • the vacuum switch comprises the roller or protrusion.
  • the rotatable switching shaft insert may comprise one or several further switch contacts and a respective further vacuum switch connected between each one of the further switch contact(s) and the network terminal contact (not illustrated).
  • a radially extending and radially movable lever is provided, the lever being provided in its outer end with a cam follower arranged to follow the cam structure, wherein, upon rotation of the switching shaft insert 11, each one of the further switch contact(s) is arranged to be moved in and out of contact with the fixed step contacts 14, and each pair of the further lever(s) and the further vacuum switch(es) comprises structural elements in mutual engagement with one another which force the vacuum switch to be actuated axially by means of the lever being moved radially.

Landscapes

  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
EP09162444A 2009-06-10 2009-06-10 Selector switch and method of operating a selector switch Withdrawn EP2261935A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09162444A EP2261935A1 (en) 2009-06-10 2009-06-10 Selector switch and method of operating a selector switch
BRPI1012952A BRPI1012952A2 (pt) 2009-06-10 2010-06-08 "chave seletora e método para operar uma chave seletora"
EP10724819.7A EP2441079B1 (en) 2009-06-10 2010-06-08 Selector switch and method of operating a selector switch
CN201080026199.5A CN102460623B (zh) 2009-06-10 2010-06-08 选择器开关和操作选择器开关的方法
PCT/EP2010/058011 WO2010142680A1 (en) 2009-06-10 2010-06-08 Selector switch and method of operating a selector switch

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09162444A EP2261935A1 (en) 2009-06-10 2009-06-10 Selector switch and method of operating a selector switch

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2261935A1 true EP2261935A1 (en) 2010-12-15

Family

ID=41112531

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09162444A Withdrawn EP2261935A1 (en) 2009-06-10 2009-06-10 Selector switch and method of operating a selector switch
EP10724819.7A Not-in-force EP2441079B1 (en) 2009-06-10 2010-06-08 Selector switch and method of operating a selector switch

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10724819.7A Not-in-force EP2441079B1 (en) 2009-06-10 2010-06-08 Selector switch and method of operating a selector switch

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (2) EP2261935A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102460623B (zh)
BR (1) BRPI1012952A2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2010142680A1 (zh)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016034439A1 (de) * 2014-09-04 2016-03-10 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Schaltanordnung für einen regeltransformator, insbesondere polungsschaltung
WO2020040852A1 (en) * 2018-08-23 2020-02-27 Raytheon Company Mechanical input/output selector
CN111192771A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-22 武汉泰普变压器开关有限公司 一种楔形触头结构的无励磁分接开关
EP3989253A1 (en) * 2020-10-26 2022-04-27 Hitachi Energy Switzerland AG System for controlling a vacuum interrupter for a power diverter switch, a power diverter switch and an on-load tap changer
WO2022089784A1 (en) * 2020-10-26 2022-05-05 Hitachi Energy Switzerland Ag System for controlling a vacuum interrupter for a power diverter switch, a power diverter switch and an on-load tap changer

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102709106B (zh) * 2012-05-17 2015-03-11 上海华明电力设备集团有限公司 真空灭弧转换选择器
DE102013107545B4 (de) 2013-07-16 2017-02-16 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Lastwähler
DE102013107550B4 (de) 2013-07-16 2017-05-04 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Lastwähler
DE102014112763A1 (de) * 2014-09-04 2016-03-10 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Schaltanordnung für einen Regeltransformator, insbesondere Vorwähler
GB2566996B (en) * 2017-09-29 2022-02-16 Hawker Siddeley Switchgear Ltd On-load tap-changer

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3581188A (en) * 1968-03-13 1971-05-25 Hitachi Ltd Switching device for on-load tap changers of regulating transformers
GB1293060A (en) * 1969-11-08 1972-10-18 Scheubeck Egon On-load tap changer
EP0355814A2 (en) * 1988-08-26 1990-02-28 Aichidenki Kabushiki Kaisha A force storage mechanism in an on-load tap changer
US4978815A (en) 1988-09-29 1990-12-18 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Load selector for step transformers
DE19821775C1 (de) * 1998-05-14 1999-10-14 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Lastwähler

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3581188A (en) * 1968-03-13 1971-05-25 Hitachi Ltd Switching device for on-load tap changers of regulating transformers
GB1293060A (en) * 1969-11-08 1972-10-18 Scheubeck Egon On-load tap changer
EP0355814A2 (en) * 1988-08-26 1990-02-28 Aichidenki Kabushiki Kaisha A force storage mechanism in an on-load tap changer
US4978815A (en) 1988-09-29 1990-12-18 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Load selector for step transformers
DE19821775C1 (de) * 1998-05-14 1999-10-14 Reinhausen Maschf Scheubeck Lastwähler

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106796850A (zh) * 2014-09-04 2017-05-31 赖茵豪森机械制造公司 用于可调式变压器的切换布置系统、特别是极性切换系统
RU2699820C2 (ru) * 2014-09-04 2019-09-11 Машиненфабрик Райнхаузен Гмбх Переключательное устройство для регулировочного трансформатора, в частности переключатель полярности
CN106796850B (zh) * 2014-09-04 2019-10-18 赖茵豪森机械制造公司 用于可调式变压器的切换布置系统、特别是极性切换系统
US10460884B2 (en) 2014-09-04 2019-10-29 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Switching arrangement for a control transformer, in particular polarity switching means
WO2016034439A1 (de) * 2014-09-04 2016-03-10 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Schaltanordnung für einen regeltransformator, insbesondere polungsschaltung
US10955802B2 (en) 2018-08-23 2021-03-23 Raytheon Company Mechanical input/output selector
WO2020040852A1 (en) * 2018-08-23 2020-02-27 Raytheon Company Mechanical input/output selector
CN111192771A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-22 武汉泰普变压器开关有限公司 一种楔形触头结构的无励磁分接开关
CN111192771B (zh) * 2019-12-31 2022-03-01 武汉泰普变压器开关有限公司 一种楔形触头结构的无励磁分接开关
EP3989253A1 (en) * 2020-10-26 2022-04-27 Hitachi Energy Switzerland AG System for controlling a vacuum interrupter for a power diverter switch, a power diverter switch and an on-load tap changer
WO2022089784A1 (en) * 2020-10-26 2022-05-05 Hitachi Energy Switzerland Ag System for controlling a vacuum interrupter for a power diverter switch, a power diverter switch and an on-load tap changer
WO2022089809A1 (en) 2020-10-26 2022-05-05 Hitachi Energy Switzerland Ag System for controlling a vacuum interrupter for a power diverter switch, a power diverter switch and an on-load tap changer
CN116134574A (zh) * 2020-10-26 2023-05-16 日立能源瑞士股份公司 用于控制电源转换开关的真空断续器的系统、电源转换开关和有载抽头变换器
CN116134574B (zh) * 2020-10-26 2023-12-08 日立能源有限公司 用于控制电源转换开关的真空断续器的系统、电源转换开关和有载抽头变换器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2441079A1 (en) 2012-04-18
CN102460623B (zh) 2015-09-30
CN102460623A (zh) 2012-05-16
WO2010142680A1 (en) 2010-12-16
BRPI1012952A2 (pt) 2018-01-16
EP2441079B1 (en) 2014-12-03

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