EP2256262A1 - Wood structure module, method for its manufacture and application - Google Patents
Wood structure module, method for its manufacture and application Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2256262A1 EP2256262A1 EP09013377A EP09013377A EP2256262A1 EP 2256262 A1 EP2256262 A1 EP 2256262A1 EP 09013377 A EP09013377 A EP 09013377A EP 09013377 A EP09013377 A EP 09013377A EP 2256262 A1 EP2256262 A1 EP 2256262A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- timber
- elongate
- members
- elongated
- building module
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011122 softwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000000731 Fagus sylvatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010099 Fagus sylvatica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
- E04B1/10—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements consisting of wood
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/20—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/20—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded
- E04B7/22—Roofs consisting of self-supporting slabs, e.g. able to be loaded the slabs having insulating properties, e.g. laminated with layers of insulating material
Definitions
- the application relates to a wooden building module, the use of the module, and a method for its production.
- the invention sets itself the goal of providing improved modules and manufacturing methods therefor.
- the modules according to the invention comprise mutually parallel first and second elongate components which are connected by respective pin arrangements to third elongated members such that the pins are aligned in at least two different directions, obliquely and transversely to the longitudinal direction of the first and second members.
- the module can be easily built, and may have cavities for receiving insulation material and / or supply lines. From the point of view of the production of a wooden building module, the invention proposes to lay elongated components parallel with their underside on a flat surface and to peg with other elongate components so that the bottom is not penetrated and the pins in at least two different directions and obliquely are arranged transversely to the laying direction.
- the module to be set up in a lying position, whereby the module does not need to be turned between individual steps, which contributes to the dimensional accuracy and efficiency of the method.
- the underside of the module remains unharmed as a visible surface.
- the parallel woods come to lie horizontally, so that acting on it loads.
- the third, connecting woods also parallel and in each case between two of the other to arrange such that the third woods on one side of the plane of the remaining woods protrude.
- the anchoring takes place e.g. in this plane, wherein each of the third woods over the entire length, that is connected to a plurality of alternately inclined dowels with two adjacent woods.
- each of the dowels protrudes through two third woods and the intervening first or second wood.
- an embodiment may be provided with two opposing horizontal planes by again fitting and interlocking wood between the parts of the third woods projecting out of the plane.
- a transverse strip can be dowelled as a conclusion.
- the parallel woods are generally oblique to the vertical and to the horizontal.
- a lower level of alternating first and second woods is arranged with arranged on the joints, also parallel third woods in different directions obliquely to the longitudinal direction such that in particular the bottom is not penetrated, but the dowels obliquely through the third woods in blind holes of the first or second woods protrude.
- This dowel expediently extends over the entire length of the third woods.
- a roof covering can be applied, or another continuous wooden layer of turn alternating woods.
- the yes no visible surface represents, then stand the dowels through the position alternately obliquely in the third woods.
- a bar can be doweled across them.
- the latter two constructions can be combined with each other by e.g. a surface as above for the ceiling module, which is opposite as described above for the roof module. It is also possible to use the ceiling module unchanged, but in an inclined position as a roof module, or the two-walled roof module in a horizontal position as a ceiling module.
- the terminations can be designed so that additional modules can be placed on a shoulder of the neighboring module, so that no continuous gap remains and the modules can perform natural movements.
- the first and second woods are held only pointwise and can work without causing excessive tension.
- the connecting third woods can be split lengthwise and pegged points, which may be useful especially when used as a wall module, as this measure the sound insulation is improved.
- the attachment of the crossbars of the wall module is expediently carried out in recesses in the first and second woods, wherein the Schrägverdübelung is carried out through the bearing surfaces of the recesses for the third woods.
- recesses or bevels in the third (ceiling module) or first and second woods (roof module) may be provided to strengthen the cohesion with the respective complementary woods.
- each of the third woods is pinned twice to each of the adjacent first and second woods such that the pegs face in at least four different directions.
- opposing first and second woods are pinned with the intervening third woods, so that two parallel wooden panels arise.
- the third woods are parallel to the first and second woods, and on or between them.
- the dowels are pre-dried so that they swell when installed and connect the woods even more firmly.
- Transverse includes “oblique”, but also an included angle between 89 ° and 90 ° or between 70 ° and 90 °.
- transverse means an included angle ⁇ of 20 ° to 90 °.
- the corresponding supplement angle ⁇ is in each case 180 ° - ⁇ and may alternatively be in the stated intervals.
- the angle between such adjacent dowels connecting the same wood elements is suitably 8 ° to 120 ° or 20 ° to 80 °.
- dowels per meter of wood elements are used; their total cross-section per length of wood elements
- dowels with a diameter of 16 mm or 12 mm it is more than 500 mm 2 / m or at least 1000 mm 2 / m.
- the first wall module shown are two parallel wooden panels 1 and 2 formed from vertically connected squared timbers 11, 12 joined together by grooves and springs 5 (generally 1-4, alternatively foreign springs) via two transverse and horizontally arranged transverse beams 3 'and 3 "with each other pegged 4.
- FIG. 1B an exploded view;
- Figure 1C a top view from above;
- FIG. 1D a view, again with two distant squared timbers of the front plate 1; and
- Figure 1E a cut along in FIG. 1D dot-dash line e1-e1.
- the crossbars 3 'and 3 are in grooves 7 and recesses 6 in the vertical squared timbers 11, 12, 11', 12 'fitted, the dowels 4 are introduced obliquely to the longitudinal direction, without the outside of the plates 1, 2 to Moreover, in the illustrated embodiment, the dowels are skewed towards one another, respectively in the direction of the next adjacent squared timber 12, 11, as best seen in the plan view Figure 1C seen.
- 12 blind holes are provided in the vertical squared timbers 11, and 3 "and 3" through holes in the transverse beams 3.
- the through holes are pre-drilled and the dowels are then pressed about halfway through the blind holes through them.
- the later outer side 2 has the slightly longer squared timbers 11, 12 with the transverse groove 7, so that these squared timbers later stand out above the upper transverse beam 3 'and represent a screen.
- the transverse groove 7 is milled before the squared timbers 11, 12 are fixed to each other.
- the cross section of the outer and inner squared timbers 11, 12 and 11 ', 12' may be identical, the wood species but different.
- the outer and inner squared timbers can be offset from one another with uniform cross section, as shown in FIG Figure 1C is indicated.
- Figure 1E which is a section along the dash-dotted line e1-e1 in FIG. 1D 4, it can be seen that the dowels 4 are inserted obliquely outwards through the transverse bars 3 ', 3 "into the outer 2 or inner plate 1.
- the angles to the longitudinal direction are the squared timbers equal in size; but it can also be provided depending on the application and different sized angles inside and outside.
- the angles of the dowels to the plate normal (left and right) in Figure 1C equal in terms of size; but it is also possible to provide different angles to the plate normal.
- FIGS. 2A-E illustrated second wall module are two parallel, from each other by grooves and springs 5 connected vertically squared timbers formed wood panels 1, 2 again two flat and horizontally arranged, but longitudinally split and selectively dowelled crossbars 13a 'and 13b' or 13a "and 13b " connected with each other.
- FIG. 2A a complete view with two squared timbers
- FIG. 2B an exploded view
- Figure 2C a top view from above
- FIG. 2D a view, again with two distant squared timbers of the front plate
- Figure 2E a section through the module along line e2-e2 in FIG. 2D
- This module is useful for interior walls that are thinner and therefore more susceptible to unwanted sound transmission.
- FIGS. 3A-E shown ceiling module are two horizontal parallel wood panels by alternately arranged flat 21, 22 and 21 ', 22' and 23 upright Asked, pinned together squared timbers or beams, so that the connection between the two plates is provided by the edgewise wood 23 and dowels 24 therethrough.
- FIG. 3A a complete view with a distant square timber at the top
- FIG. 3B an exploded view
- FIG. 3C a top view from above
- Figure 3D a longitudinal section through the module along line e3-e3 in Figure 3C
- FIG. 3E a cross section.
- the dowels may be arranged in through holes or the last hole may be a blind hole.
- a frontally mounted board 34 is shown, which closes the interspaces 26 formed between the parallel woods.
- This face board 34 is pegged or pinned 25 ', 25 "with the flattened woods 21 and 22 or 21' and 22" of the upper and lower levels in turn in two different, oblique to the longitudinal direction of the parallel woods directions.
- For 34 through holes 27 are provided in the front board.
- a support assembly 28 may be formed at the end of the module, with which the module can be placed on a neighboring module to form a ceiling without continuous joints.
- FIGS. 4A-E shown two parallel mounted wood panels 1, 2 by flat Asked squared timbers 29 'and 29 "are formed, which in turn are connected by at their joints edgewise built timbers or beams 31 shows FIG. 4A a complete view; FIG. 4B an exploded view; FIG. 4C a top view from above; Figure 4D a cross section through the module (line e4-e4); and Figure 4E a longitudinal section.
- the pinning or anchoring is done obliquely by the edgewise wood 31 such that the underside of the lower plate 1 is not penetrated and thus provides an undiluted visible surface down.
- blind holes are formed in the flattened square timbers 29 "of the lower layer 1, into which the anchors 33 protrude FIGS. 4A-E shown, an upper plate 2 is provided, the squared timbers 29 'of this level are pegged from above with the upright standing timber 31.
- Through holes are provided in the upper plate 2.
- the holes in the upright standing timber 31 can either be through-holes or blind holes, since this area is no longer visible after assembly anyway. Similar to the case of the ceiling module, a support for a neighboring module can be arranged peripherally. In FIG.
- 4C 37 also shows a purlin, with the upper marginal squared timber is removed.
- the space between the parallel woods 29 ', 31, 29 can be closed outwardly as shown by intermediate boards 38.
- these boards 38 are placed where the outer wall W terminates below (see FIG Figure 4E ), so that the protruding part of the roof module provides a canopy.
- a vapor barrier 36 made of a film or the like.
- FIG. 6 shows another variant of the roof module, in which the upper wooden plate 2 is formed by arranged between the edgewise wood 31 flattened squared timbers 42, similar to the design of the ceiling module according to FIGS. 3A-E , Regardless of the modular design is in FIG. 6 to recognize a laterally, ie gable-side gedübeltes end plate 41, which extends over the entire thickness of the module.
- FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of an embodiment of the manufacturing method according to the invention shown. Accordingly, first several squared timbers are laid out in parallel on a flat surface S1 as well as further squared timbers either on, or placed between the parallel squared timbers S2 and then sequentially pinned or pegged with the timber laid out on the flat surface S3. In the case that the other woods are placed on the already laid out woods, they can be placed parallel or transverse or perpendicular to the latter. The pinning or pegging takes place in embodiments in such a way that the underside of the laid-out woods is not penetrated, from which an undamaged (later visual) surface results.
- a double-layered module is to be produced, squared timbers can again be arranged on or between parts of the further woods leading away from the flat surface and pinned or pinned to these parts S4.
- the resulting gap can be closed off at the front eg by a board S5.
- sealing or insulating material can be introduced into the intermediate space S6.
- one or two layers of impregnated paper (or other fiber material) are expediently used as windbreak, and one or more sheets of softwood fiber as thermal insulation. If several plates are stacked, they can be connected, if desired, with a small amount of white glue.
- an array of vertically skewed struts may be provided in the space between the upper and lower transoms. These struts can be dotted up or down with the crossbars, or juxtaposed. If both oblique struts and insulation are provided, the insulation material is cut according to the inclination of the struts.
- a door and / or window frame may be provided in the space in wall modules. In this case, the vertical squared timbers are shortened or divided accordingly, in such a way that a smaller opening remains in the outer layer than in the inner layer. As a result, the door or window frame can be fastened from the inside to the protruding edge of the outer layer.
- first and second elongate timber building elements eg square timbers or beams
- a connection is provided by either the third, transverse or parallel to the first and second lying thereon or therebetween.
- the third elements are in at least two different with the first and second Directions obliquely and transversely to the longitudinal direction of the first and second elements pinned or pegged.
- the first and second elements are identical per se and are part of the same plate.
- a possibly opposite second plate is accordingly formed by possibly differently constructed fourth and fifth, in turn alternating elements, so that the first to fifth elements form an H-like structure (exception: top open roof module according to FIG. 5 ).
- the central third element is connected to each of the four surrounding elements by at least two obliquely oriented dowels (pins), resulting in the particular stability and durability.
- pins obliquely oriented dowels
- H (side by side) forms, that is connected to a plurality of first and second (possibly also fourth and fifth) elements.
- a variety in this sense are at least six.
- the resilience of the presented modules results from the variety and mutually angled arrangement of the dowels.
- the dowels are introduced with a lower moisture content than the moisture content of the building moisture (eg pre-dried) in obliquely pre-drilled holes. Suitable are hardwoods, such as beech and oak. Due to the oblique to the axis and possibly level drilled dowels results in a three-dimensional, solid compound on the Abscher vom and friction surfaces.
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Abstract
Description
Die Anmeldung betrifft ein Holzgebäudemodul, die Verwendung des Moduls, sowie ein Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung.The application relates to a wooden building module, the use of the module, and a method for its production.
Es ist aus dem deutschen Gebrauchsmuster
Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass die Eigenschaften solcher Module noch unbefriedigend sind.It has been found that the properties of such modules are still unsatisfactory.
Dem zu Folge setzt sich die Erfindung zum Ziel, verbesserte Module und Herstellungsverfahren dafür bereitzustellen.As a result, the invention sets itself the goal of providing improved modules and manufacturing methods therefor.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Module weisen zueinander parallele erste und zweite längliche Bauelemente auf, die durch jeweilige Stift-Anordnungen mit dritten länglichen Bauelementen derart verbunden sind, dass die Stifte in wenigstens zwei verschiedenen Richtungen, schräg und quer zur Längsrichtung der ersten und zweiten Elemente ausgerichtet sind.The modules according to the invention comprise mutually parallel first and second elongate components which are connected by respective pin arrangements to third elongated members such that the pins are aligned in at least two different directions, obliquely and transversely to the longitudinal direction of the first and second members.
Dadurch wird eine besonders günstige Verteilung der Lasten auf das Modul erreicht. Es sind weder metallische noch chemische Verbundmittel oder Kleber erforderlich. Das Modul kann leicht gebaut werden, und kann Hohlräume zur Aufnahme von Dämmmaterial und/oder Versorgungsleitungen aufweisen. Unter dem Aspekt der Herstellung eines Holzgebäudemoduls schlägt die Erfindung vor, längliche Bauelemente parallel mit ihrer Unterseite auf einer ebenen Fläche zu verlegen und mit weiteren länglichen Bauelementen so zu verstiften, dass dabei die Unterseite nicht durchsetzt wird und die Stifte in wenigstens zwei verschiedenen Richtungen schräg und quer zur Verlegerichtung angeordnet sind.This achieves a particularly favorable distribution of the loads on the module. Neither metallic nor chemical composites or adhesives are required. The module can be easily built, and may have cavities for receiving insulation material and / or supply lines. From the point of view of the production of a wooden building module, the invention proposes to lay elongated components parallel with their underside on a flat surface and to peg with other elongate components so that the bottom is not penetrated and the pins in at least two different directions and obliquely are arranged transversely to the laying direction.
Dadurch wird ein Aufbauen des Moduls in liegender Position ermöglicht, wobei das Modul zwischen einzelnen Schritten nicht gewendet zu werden braucht, was der Maßhaltigkeit und Effizienz des Verfahrens förderlich ist. Zudem bleibt die Unterseite des Moduls als Sichtfläche unverletzt erhalten.This allows the module to be set up in a lying position, whereby the module does not need to be turned between individual steps, which contributes to the dimensional accuracy and efficiency of the method. In addition, the underside of the module remains unharmed as a visible surface.
Insbesondere kann das Modul als Wand-, Decken- oder Dachmodul verwendet werden, z.B. in den folgenden Varianten:
- Im ersteren Fall können die zueinander parallelen Hölzer vertikal stehen. Es ist zweckmäßig, diese vertikalen Hölzer mit wenigstens zwei Waagrecht- oder Querbalken zu verbinden und dabei jeden Querbalken mit jedem der vertikalen Hölzer zweifach, in verschiedenen Richtungen, zu verdübeln. Für eine Ausführung mit Außen- und Innenwand kann auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite der Querbalken eine weitere Lage aus wiederum zueinander und/oder zu den senkrechten Hölzern parallelen Hölzern in gleicher Weise angedübelt werden. Dabei können Innen- und Außenwand aus verschiedenen oder gleichen Hölzern bestehen. Dazwischen können zusätzliche Schräg-Verstrebungen zwischen den Querbalken, Dämmmaterial, Weichholzplatten, Papier- und/oder andere Faserschichten angeordnet werden. In Innen- und Außenwand können Tür- oder Fensterausschnitte angeordnet werden, wobei zweckmäßig der Ausschnitt in der Außenwand in Höhe und Breite kleiner ist, so dass an dem Überstand der jeweilige Tür- bzw. Fensterrahmen angebracht werden kann. Bei doppelwandiger Ausführung kann eine der Wände über den oberen Querbalken überstehen und so einen Sichtschutz bieten.
- In the former case, the parallel woods can stand vertically. It is expedient to connect these vertical timbers with at least two horizontal or transverse beams, while pegging each crossbar with each of the vertical timbers twice, in different directions. For an embodiment with outer and inner wall can be dowelled in the same way on the opposite side of the crossbeam another layer of turn again to each other and / or to the vertical woods parallel woods. Inside and outside wall can consist of different or the same woods. In between, additional slanted struts can be placed between the crossbeams, insulation material, softwood panels, paper and / or other fibrous layers. Door and window openings can be arranged in the inner and outer walls, wherein the cutout in the outer wall is expediently smaller in height and width, so that the respective door or window frame can be attached to the projection. With double-walled design can overhang one of the walls above the upper crossbar to provide privacy.
Im zweiten Fall, dem Deckenmodul, kommen die parallelen Hölzer horizontal zu liegen, so dass darauf Traglasten wirken. Es ist in diesem Fall zweckmäßig, die dritten, verbindenden Hölzer ebenfalls parallel und jeweils zwischen zwei der anderen derart anzuordnen, dass die dritten Hölzer auf einer Seite aus der Ebene der übrigen Hölzer hervorstehen. Die Verdübelung erfolgt z.B. in dieser Ebene, wobei jedes der dritten Hölzer über die ganze Länge, also mit einer Vielzahl von abwechselnd schräg gestellten Dübeln mit beiden benachbarten Hölzer verbunden ist. Insbesondere ragt jeder der Dübel durch jeweils zwei dritte Hölzer und das dazwischenliegende erste bzw. zweite Holz. Auch in diesem Fall kann eine Ausführungsform mit zwei einander gegenüberliegenden, horizontalen Ebenen vorgesehen sein, indem zwischen den aus der Ebene hervorstehenden Teilen der dritten Hölzer wiederum Hölzer eingepasst und in gleicher Weise verdübelt werden. Stirnseitig kann als Abschluss eine Querleiste angedübelt werden.In the second case, the ceiling module, the parallel woods come to lie horizontally, so that acting on it loads. It is expedient in this case, the third, connecting woods also parallel and in each case between two of the other to arrange such that the third woods on one side of the plane of the remaining woods protrude. The anchoring takes place e.g. in this plane, wherein each of the third woods over the entire length, that is connected to a plurality of alternately inclined dowels with two adjacent woods. In particular, each of the dowels protrudes through two third woods and the intervening first or second wood. Also in this case, an embodiment may be provided with two opposing horizontal planes by again fitting and interlocking wood between the parts of the third woods projecting out of the plane. On the front side, a transverse strip can be dowelled as a conclusion.
Im dritten Fall als Dachmodul liegen die parallelen Hölzer im Allgemeinen schräg zur Vertikalen und zur Horizontalen. Eine untere Ebene aus einander abwechselnden ersten und zweiten Hölzern ist mit auf den Stoßstellen angeordneten, ebenfalls parallelen dritten Hölzern in verschiedenen Richtungen schräg zur Längsrichtung derart verdübelt, dass insbesondere die Unterseite nicht durchsetzt wird, sondern die Dübel schräg durch die dritten Hölzer in Sacklöcher der ersten bzw. zweiten Hölzer ragen. Diese Verdübelung erstreckt sich zweckmäßig über die ganze Länge der dritten Hölzer. Auf diese Anordnung kann entweder direkt eine Dachbedeckung aufgebracht werden, oder eine weitere durchgehende Holzlage aus wiederum einander abwechselnden Hölzern. Bei dieser oberen Lage, die ja keine Sichtfläche darstellt, stehen dann die Dübel durch die Lage hindurch abwechselnd schräg in den dritten Hölzern. Zwecks Abschluss des Raumes zwischen den dritten Hölzern kann quer zu ihnen eine Leiste angedübelt werden. Zur Bildung eines Vordaches können die ersten und zweiten, gewünschtenfalls auch die dritten Hölzer darüber hinausstehen.In the third case as a roof module, the parallel woods are generally oblique to the vertical and to the horizontal. A lower level of alternating first and second woods is arranged with arranged on the joints, also parallel third woods in different directions obliquely to the longitudinal direction such that in particular the bottom is not penetrated, but the dowels obliquely through the third woods in blind holes of the first or second woods protrude. This dowel expediently extends over the entire length of the third woods. In this arrangement, either directly a roof covering can be applied, or another continuous wooden layer of turn alternating woods. In this upper layer, the yes no visible surface represents, then stand the dowels through the position alternately obliquely in the third woods. To complete the space between the third woods a bar can be doweled across them. To form a canopy, the first and second, if desired, the third woods beyond stand.
Grundsätzlich können die letzteren beiden Bauweisen miteinander kombiniert werden, indem z.B. eine Fläche wie oben für das Deckenmodul, die gegenüberliegende wie oben für das Dachmodul beschrieben gebildet wird. Es ist auch möglich, das Deckenmodul unverändert, jedoch in geneigter Lage als Dachmodul zu verwenden, oder das zweiwandige Dachmodul in horizontaler Lage als Deckenmodul.Basically, the latter two constructions can be combined with each other by e.g. a surface as above for the ceiling module, which is opposite as described above for the roof module. It is also possible to use the ceiling module unchanged, but in an inclined position as a roof module, or the two-walled roof module in a horizontal position as a ceiling module.
Bei Dach- und Deckenmoduln können die Abschlüsse so ausgebildet sein, dass weitere Moduln auf einen Absatz des Nachbarmoduls gelegt werden können, so dass kein durchgehender Spalt bleibt und die Moduln natürliche Bewegungen ausführen können.For roof and ceiling modules, the terminations can be designed so that additional modules can be placed on a shoulder of the neighboring module, so that no continuous gap remains and the modules can perform natural movements.
Durch die Verdübelung vermittels dritter Hölzer werden die ersten und zweiten Hölzer nur punktweise festgehalten und können arbeiten, ohne übermäßige Spannungen hervorzurufen. Die verbindenden dritten Hölzer können längs geteilt und punktuell verdübelt sein, was besonders bei der Verwendung als Wandmodul zweckmäßig sein kann, da durch diese Maßnahme die Schalldämmung verbessert wird. Die Anbringung der Querbalken des Wandmoduls erfolgt zweckmäßig in Ausnehmungen in den ersten und zweiten Hölzern, wobei die Schrägverdübelung durch die Auflageflächen der Ausnehmungen für die dritten Hölzer hindurch erfolgt. In ähnlicher Weise können bei Decken- oder Dachmoduln Ausnehmungen oder Abfasungen in den dritten (Deckenmodul) bzw. ersten und zweiten Hölzern (Dachmodul) vorgesehen sein, um den Zusammenhalt mit den jeweils komplementären Hölzern zu verstärken.By anchoring by means of third woods, the first and second woods are held only pointwise and can work without causing excessive tension. The connecting third woods can be split lengthwise and pegged points, which may be useful especially when used as a wall module, as this measure the sound insulation is improved. The attachment of the crossbars of the wall module is expediently carried out in recesses in the first and second woods, wherein the Schrägverdübelung is carried out through the bearing surfaces of the recesses for the third woods. Similarly, in ceiling or roof modules recesses or bevels in the third (ceiling module) or first and second woods (roof module) may be provided to strengthen the cohesion with the respective complementary woods.
Durch die schräge Ausrichtung der Stifte bzw. Dübel liegen beim Wandmodul diejenigen, die ein gegebenes erstes und zweites Holz mit dem dritten verbinden, höchstens paarweise in einer Ebene. Die durch mehrere Paare dieser Dübel aufgespannten Ebenen sind zueinander jedoch nicht parallel.Due to the oblique orientation of the pins or dowels, in the wall module those which connect a given first and second wood to the third are at most in pairs in one plane. However, the planes spanned by several pairs of these dowels are not parallel to each other.
In Ausführungsformen wird jedes der dritten Hölzer doppelt mit jedem der benachbarten ersten und zweiten Hölzer derart verstiftet, dass die Stifte in mindestens vier verschiedene Richtungen weisen. In weiteren Ausführungsformen werden einander gegenüberliegende erste sowie zweite Hölzer mit den dazwischenliegenden dritten Hölzern verstiftet, so dass zwei parallele Holztafeln entstehen. In weiteren Ausführungsformen liegen die dritten Hölzer parallel zu den ersten und zweiten Hölzern, und auf oder zwischen diesen.In embodiments, each of the third woods is pinned twice to each of the adjacent first and second woods such that the pegs face in at least four different directions. In further embodiments, opposing first and second woods are pinned with the intervening third woods, so that two parallel wooden panels arise. In other embodiments, the third woods are parallel to the first and second woods, and on or between them.
In Ausführungsformen des Herstellungsverfahrens werden die Dübel vorgetrocknet eingebracht, so dass sie im eingebauten Zustand aufquellen und die Hölzer noch fester verbinden.In embodiments of the manufacturing process, the dowels are pre-dried so that they swell when installed and connect the woods even more firmly.
Im Rahmen dieser Anmeldung bedeutet "schräg" einen eingeschlossenen Winkel α von 1° bis 89° oder 5° bis 70°. "Quer" umfasst "schräg", aber auch einen eingeschlossenen Winkel zwischen 89° und 90° bzw. zwischen 70° und 90°. Bevorzugt bezeichnet "quer" einen eingeschlossenen Winkel α von 20° bis 90°. Der entsprechende Supplementwinkel β ist dabei jeweils 180°-α und kann alternativ in den genannten Intervallen liegen. Als Längserstreckungsrichtung der Holz-Elemente wird jeweils die Richtung der deren Mittellinie umfassenden Geraden verstanden. Der Winkel zwischen solchen benachbarten Dübeln, die dieselben Holz-Elemente verbinden, beträgt zweckmäßig 8° bis 120° oder 20° bis 80°. Allgemein werden wenigstens 4 oder 5 Dübel pro Meter der Holzelemente eingesetzt; ihr Gesamtquerschnitt pro Längenmeter der Holz-elemente beträgt z.B. bei Dübeln des Durchmessers 16 mm oder 12 mm mehr als 500 mm2/m oder mindestens 1000 mm2/m.In the context of this application means " obliquely " an included angle α from 1 ° to 89 ° or 5 ° to 70 °. " Transverse " includes "oblique", but also an included angle between 89 ° and 90 ° or between 70 ° and 90 °. Preferably, "transverse" means an included angle α of 20 ° to 90 °. The corresponding supplement angle β is in each case 180 ° -α and may alternatively be in the stated intervals. As the direction of longitudinal extension of the wood elements is understood in each case the direction of the center line comprising straight lines. The angle between such adjacent dowels connecting the same wood elements is suitably 8 ° to 120 ° or 20 ° to 80 °. Generally, at least 4 or 5 dowels per meter of wood elements are used; their total cross-section per length of wood elements For example, for dowels with a diameter of 16 mm or 12 mm, it is more than 500 mm 2 / m or at least 1000 mm 2 / m.
Weitere Vorteile und Aspekte ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung an Hand von Zeichnungen. Es zeigen:
- Figuren 1A-E
- eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Wandmoduls in diversen Perspektiven;
- Figuren 2A-E
- eine Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Wand- moduls in diversen Perspektiven;
- Figuren 3A-E
- eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Deckenmoduls in diversen Perspektiven;
- Figuren 4A-E
- eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Dachmoduls in diversen Perspektiven;
Figuren 5+6- zwei Varianten des Dachmoduls; und
Figur 7- ein Laufdiagramm einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Herstellungsverfahrens.
- Figures 1A-E
- an embodiment of the wall module according to the invention in various perspectives;
- FIGS. 2A-E
- a variant of the wall module according to the invention in various perspectives;
- FIGS. 3A-E
- an embodiment of the ceiling module according to the invention in various perspectives;
- FIGS. 4A-E
- an embodiment of the roof module according to the invention in various perspectives;
- Figures 5 + 6
- two variants of the roof module; and
- FIG. 7
- a flow chart of an embodiment of the manufacturing method according to the invention.
Bei dem in den
Die Querbalken 3' und 3" sind in Nuten 7 bzw. Ausnehmungen 6 in den vertikalen Kanthölzern 11, 12, 11', 12' eingepasst, wobei die Dübel 4 schräg zu deren Längsrichtung eingebracht sind, ohne die Außenseite der Platten 1, 2 zu durchsetzen. In der dargestellten Ausführungsform sind die Dübel darüber hinaus zueinander schräggestellt, nämlich jeweils in Richtung von dem nächstbenachbarten Kantholz 12, 11 weg, wie am besten aus der Draufsicht gemäß
Bei dem in den
Abgesehen von der Ausbildung der Querbalken und der Außenwand ist dieses Modul gleich aufgebaut wie das vorstehend beschriebene; meist werden in diesen Figuren die gleichen Bezugszeichen wie vorher mit derselben Bedeutung verwendet. Um die separaten Querbalkenkomponenten 13a' und 13b' bzw. 13a" und 13b" zu verbinden, werden sie durch durchgehende Dübel 16 punktuell gekoppelt. Dadurch wir die Festigkeit gewährleistet, im Wesentlichen ohne Schall zu übertragen.Apart from the formation of the crossbar and the outer wall of this module is the same structure as that described above; Usually, the same reference numerals are used in these figures as before with the same meaning. To connect the
Bei dem in den
Wie man aus den
Bei dem in den
Bei diesem Modul erfolgt die Verstiftung bzw. Verdübelung schräg durch die hochkant gestellten Hölzer 31 derart, dass die Unterseite der unteren Platte 1 dabei nicht durchsetzt wird und somit nach unten eine unverletzte Sichtfläche bereitstellt. Dazu sind in den flachgelegten Kanthölzern 29" der unteren Lage 1 Sacklöcher ausgebildet, in die die Dübel 33 hineinragen. Falls, wie in den in den
Bei der in
In
Zusammengefasst werden gemäß der Erfindung erste und zweite längliche Holzbauelemente, z.B. Kanthölzer oder Balken, abwechselnd nebeneinander in einer Ebene angeordnet. Durch entweder quer, oder aber parallel zu den ersten und zweiten liegenden, darauf oder dazwischen stehende dritte Elemente wird eine Verbindung bereitgestellt. Die dritten Elemente sind mit den ersten und zweiten in zumindest zwei verschiedenen Richtungen schräg und quer zur Längsrichtung der ersten und zweiten Elemente verstiftet oder verdübelt.In summary, according to the invention, first and second elongate timber building elements, eg square timbers or beams, are arranged alternately next to one another in a single plane. A connection is provided by either the third, transverse or parallel to the first and second lying thereon or therebetween. The third elements are in at least two different with the first and second Directions obliquely and transversely to the longitudinal direction of the first and second elements pinned or pegged.
In Ausführungsformen sind die ersten und zweiten Elemente an sich baugleich und sind Bestandteil derselben Platte. Eine ggf. gegenüberliegende zweite Platte wird demgemäß durch ggf. anders aufgebaute vierte und fünfte, einander wiederum abwechselnde Elemente gebildet, so dass die ersten bis fünften Elemente eine H-ähnliche Struktur bilden (Ausnahme: oben offenes Dachmodul gemäß
Weitere Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktion sind in den variablen Holzabmessungen, der Einfachheit jeglicher Vorinstallation S7 (wie Rohre), der hohen Speicherkapazität auf Grund der massiven Innen- und Außenwände, der geringen Abminderung der Dämmung durch Wärmebrücken-bildende Holzanteile, und der beidseitig hochwertigen Sichtoberfläche zu sehen. Die Moduln stellen einsatzfertige Bauteile dar, für die keine vorgesetzte Dämmung oder Fassade nötig ist. Die Elemente können individuell arbeiten, wodurch weniger Risse auftreten. Dennoch ist eine exakte Bauteilgröße gewährleistet. Die Herstellung erfolgt am liegenden Objekt und ist einfach. Dabei kann je nach den bauphysiologischen Anforderungen und Wünschen auf Stahl und chemische Produkte wie synthetischen Leim in den Bauteilen verzichtet werden.Further advantages of the construction according to the invention are the variable wood dimensions, the simplicity of any pre-installation S7 (such as pipes), the high storage capacity due to the massive inner and outer walls, the small reduction of the insulation by thermal bridging wood shares, and to see the high-quality visible surface on both sides. The modules represent ready-to-use components for which no previous insulation or facade is necessary. The elements can work individually, resulting in fewer cracks. Nevertheless, an exact component size is guaranteed. The production takes place on the lying object and is simple. Depending on the structural-physiological requirements and wishes for steel and chemical products such as synthetic glue in the components can be dispensed with.
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (2)
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EP20090013377 EP2256262B1 (en) | 2009-10-22 | 2009-10-22 | Wood structure module, method for its manufacture and application |
SI200930683T SI2256262T1 (en) | 2009-10-22 | 2009-10-22 | Wood structure module, method for its manufacture and application |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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EP20090013377 EP2256262B1 (en) | 2009-10-22 | 2009-10-22 | Wood structure module, method for its manufacture and application |
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EP2256262A1 true EP2256262A1 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
EP2256262B1 EP2256262B1 (en) | 2013-05-22 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20170058526A1 (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-03-02 | Omg, Inc. | Structural Truss Module With Fastener Web and Manufacturing Method Therefor |
US11519174B2 (en) | 2015-08-26 | 2022-12-06 | Omg, Inc. | Building structure formed by truss modules and method of forming |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19804890A1 (en) | 1998-02-07 | 1999-09-02 | Sonnleitner Holzwerk Gmbh | Building wall for wooden houses |
DE10359995B3 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-06-02 | Sfs Intec Holding Ag | Wooden wall construction used in a plank structure comprises wooden beams connected to each other by screws having thread sections |
DE202005007886U1 (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2006-05-18 | Sfs Intec Holding Ag | Wall construction at a building |
DE202007000776U1 (en) * | 2006-09-04 | 2007-05-31 | Com-Ing Ag | Mounting device for connecting e.g. wooden beams, has empty conduits that run out from base plate, where conduits exhibit spatial progression, such that screws take up screw path, which penetrates from one wooden unit to another wooden unit |
EP2060694A1 (en) | 2007-11-19 | 2009-05-20 | Reinverbund S.R.L. | Building wall element |
-
2009
- 2009-10-22 EP EP20090013377 patent/EP2256262B1/en active Active
- 2009-10-22 SI SI200930683T patent/SI2256262T1/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19804890A1 (en) | 1998-02-07 | 1999-09-02 | Sonnleitner Holzwerk Gmbh | Building wall for wooden houses |
DE10359995B3 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-06-02 | Sfs Intec Holding Ag | Wooden wall construction used in a plank structure comprises wooden beams connected to each other by screws having thread sections |
DE202005007886U1 (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2006-05-18 | Sfs Intec Holding Ag | Wall construction at a building |
DE202007000776U1 (en) * | 2006-09-04 | 2007-05-31 | Com-Ing Ag | Mounting device for connecting e.g. wooden beams, has empty conduits that run out from base plate, where conduits exhibit spatial progression, such that screws take up screw path, which penetrates from one wooden unit to another wooden unit |
EP2060694A1 (en) | 2007-11-19 | 2009-05-20 | Reinverbund S.R.L. | Building wall element |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20170058526A1 (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-03-02 | Omg, Inc. | Structural Truss Module With Fastener Web and Manufacturing Method Therefor |
US11519174B2 (en) | 2015-08-26 | 2022-12-06 | Omg, Inc. | Building structure formed by truss modules and method of forming |
Also Published As
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EP2256262B1 (en) | 2013-05-22 |
SI2256262T1 (en) | 2013-09-30 |
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