EP2253822B1 - Motor für eine landwirtschaftliche Erntemaschine mit isochroner Drehmomentkurve mit Überleistung - Google Patents

Motor für eine landwirtschaftliche Erntemaschine mit isochroner Drehmomentkurve mit Überleistung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2253822B1
EP2253822B1 EP10161600.1A EP10161600A EP2253822B1 EP 2253822 B1 EP2253822 B1 EP 2253822B1 EP 10161600 A EP10161600 A EP 10161600A EP 2253822 B1 EP2253822 B1 EP 2253822B1
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Prior art keywords
engine
power output
rated
torque curve
boost
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2253822A2 (de
EP2253822A3 (de
Inventor
Rodney A. Schindler
Alan D. Sheidler
Joseph P. Schmitz
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Deere and Co
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Deere and Co
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D41/00Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
    • A01D41/12Details of combines
    • A01D41/127Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted for combines
    • A01D41/1274Control or measuring arrangements specially adapted for combines for drives
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D29/00Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
    • F02D29/02Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving vehicles; peculiar to engines driving variable pitch propellers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1497With detection of the mechanical response of the engine
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/18Control of the engine output torque

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to internal combustion engines used to power agricultural harvesters, and, more particularly, to operating internal combustion engines using defined torque curves.
  • a work machine such as a construction work machine, an agricultural work machine or a forestry work machine, typically includes a prime mover in the form of an internal combustion (IC) engine.
  • the IC engine may either be in the form of a compression ignition engine (i.e., diesel engine) or a spark ignition engine (i.e., gasoline engine).
  • the prime mover is in the form of a diesel engine having better lugging, pull-down and torque characteristics for associated work operations.
  • IC engines are used to power work machines under a wide variety of load conditions and must be able to accept sudden changes in load.
  • sudden increases in power and torque are required from the engine when negotiating the terrain between fields.
  • Tillage in field also presents conditions where there are sudden increases in load due to changes in soil condition, where the resistance of the tillage tool increases significantly or the field has steep inclines.
  • Engines of this type are expected to respond to these conditions by increasing output torque with only a small increase in engine load. This increase in torque output is typically referred to as torque rise.
  • Engines with significant torque rise permit the torque curve to be shaped so that the rate of rise is very steep allowing the engine to decrease rpm very little at the same time output torque increases significantly.
  • Engines that are governed use the shape of the governor curve to make the slope extremely steep for operation at or below rated rpm and torque.
  • the shape of the torque limit curve determines the rate of torque rise versus decreasing engine rpm.
  • Significant efforts are applied to shaping the torque limit curve for full throttle operation with the object of giving the tractor its feel of power and responsiveness.
  • Some engine control systems make the curve significantly steep in the first 100-400 rpm in loaded speed below rated rpm. However, this comes at the expense of torque rise at lower engine rpm down to the peak torque of the engine. Steep torque rises encourage the operator to run in this range or at higher speeds because of the sensation of power.
  • JP 3 743941 describes a rice transplanter with an engine that can be operated in one of two operation modes: a normal mode in which the power increases with decreasing rotation speed until a maximum power is achieved at about 1500/min, and an ECO mode in which a flatter power curve is selected.
  • JP H01 253 532 describes a tractor with an engine that can work according to different torque curves that have a generally horizontal part and decrease vertically at their upper end. Similar curves, but with decreasing slopes at the upper end, are used in JP H10 159 599 A .
  • JP 2007 092 626 described a work vehicle, like a combine, with an engine that can operate in a work mode and in a heavy work mode.
  • the torque is provided at an isochronous rotation speed of the engine up to a certain torque. If more torque is required, the rotation speed is decreased. If due to power requirements necessary, the engine switches (at a point of a rotation speed below the isochronous speed) from the work mode into the heavy work mode, in which a power boost is provided.
  • the torque curve is thus vertical, then generally increasing with reduced speed and then increasing with increased speed. This generates undesired speed changes that can negatively influence the crop processing in the harvesting machine.
  • a method of operating an IC engine in an agricultural harvester having wheels or a ground engaging track driven by an output crankshaft of the engine via a hydrostatic or hydromechanical transmission comprising a hydraulic module, a mechanical drivetrain module and a downstream drive train component includes the steps of: operating the IC engine in a normal mode with a base torque curve as a function of engine operating speed and engine power output, the base torque curve being generally isochronous at a rated operating speed over a power output range terminating at a rated power output; said base torque curve has a peak power output at an engine operating speed lesser than said rated operating speed, and said base torque curve is generally linear between said rated power output at said rated operating speed and said peak power output at said lesser operating speed; and operating the IC engine in a boost mode with a boost torque curve when a power boost is required above the rated power output, the boost torque curve having a power output which is above the base torque curve over a predefined range of the operating speed.
  • said output power rises generally
  • an agricultural harvester includes an internal combustion engine having fuel injectors. Wheels or a ground engaging track are driven by an output crankshaft of the engine via a hydrostatic or hydromechanical transmission comprising a hydraulic module, a mechanical drivetrain module and a downstream drive train component.
  • a detector provides an output signal representing a power output from the internal combustion engine.
  • An electrical processing circuit is coupled with the detector and receives the output signal. The electrical processing circuit selectively operates the fuel injectors in a normal mode or a boost mode, wherein:
  • Fig. 1 there is shown a schematic illustration of an embodiment of an agricultural harvester 10 of the present invention.
  • Agricultural harvester 10 is assumed to be an agricultural combine, but could be a different type of agricultural harvester.
  • Agricultural harvester 10 includes an IC engine 12 which is coupled with an IVT 14, typically through an output crankshaft 16 from IC engine 12.
  • IC engine 12 is assumed to be a diesel engine in the illustrated embodiment, but could also be a gasoline engine, propane engine, etc.
  • IC engine 12 is sized and configured according to the application.
  • IVT 14 generally includes a hydraulic module 18 and a mechanical drive train module 20. IVT 14 is assumed to be a hydrostatic or hydromechanical transmission of conventional design, and thus is not described in great detail herein. IVT 14 has an output which is coupled with at least one other downstream drive train component 22, which in turn is coupled with a plurality of drive wheels 24, one of which is shown in Fig. 1 . Of course, it will be appreciated that drive train component 22 could also be coupled with a ground engaging track.
  • IVT 14 also provides output power to one or more external loads 26, which in turn thus provide an additional load on IC engine 12.
  • External loads 26 typically are in the form of hydraulic loads, such as a grain unloading auger, etc.
  • the total load placed upon IC engine 12 thus is a function of both tractive loads and external hydraulic loads.
  • An electrical processing circuit 28 is configured as one or more controllers.
  • electrical processing circuit 28 includes an engine control unit (ECU) 30 which electronically controls operation of IC engine 12, such as the operation of fuel injectors 38.
  • ECU engine control unit
  • Fuel injectors 38 include injectors for each engine cylinder to inject a selected quantity of fuel at a predetermined time in the engine cycle.
  • the injectors may be unit injectors, high pressure common rail or other devices.
  • Fuel injectors 38 receive control input signals from ECU 30.
  • ECU 30 is coupled with a plurality of sensors (not specifically shown) associated with operation of IC engine 12.
  • ECU 30 may be coupled with a sensor indicating engine control parameters such as an air flow rate within one or more intake manifolds, engine speed, fueling rate and/or timing, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate, turbocharger blade position, etc.
  • ECU 30 may receive output signals from vehicle control unit (VCU) 32 representing vehicle control parameters input by an operator, such as a commanded ground speed (indicated by a position of the throttle and/or hydrostat lever) or a commanded direction of agricultural harvester 10 (indicated by an angular orientation of the steering wheel).
  • VCU vehicle control unit
  • an electronic switch 40 within an operator's station may be actuated by an operator to provide an output signal to VCU 32 to actuate an unloading auger defining an external load 26.
  • transmission control unit (TCU) 34 electronically controls operation of IVT 14, and is coupled with a plurality of sensors associated with operation of IVT 14.
  • ECU 30 and TCU 34 are coupled together via a bus structure providing two-way data flow, such as controller area network (CAN) bus 36.
  • CAN controller area network
  • Fig. 2 there is shown a graphical illustration of an embodiment of an isochronous torque curve with power bulge of the present invention.
  • Engine operating speed in revolutions per minute (RPM)
  • RPM revolutions per minute
  • X ordinate
  • Y abscissa
  • the available torque from IC engine 12 is shown as base torque curve 42 wherein peak power output (or torque) occurs at intermediate RPM's significantly lower than the maximum rated engine rpm.
  • peak power output of approximately 317 kW occurs at approximately 2000 RPM
  • the rated power output of approximately 278 kW occurs at the rated engine speed of approximately 2200 RPM.
  • the isochronous portion 44 of base torque curve 42 is at the rated engine speed of IC engine 12, approximately 2200 RPM.
  • base torque curve 42 is generally isochronous in that it has a very steep slope approaching a vertical slope.
  • IC engine 12 is thus governed to provide an output power which ranges from zero to the rated output power at the rated operating speed.
  • the rated output power coincides with the rated output power on a typical torque curve with linear droop between the rated output power and the peak output power at 2000 RPM.
  • the torque curve then follows the typical torque curve with linear droop until the peak power output is reached. The power output then falls off as the engine speed decreases from the point of peak power output. This provides a linear droop 46 over and above the rated power output at the top of the isochronous portion 44 of base torque curve 42.
  • linear droop 46 provides an increase in output torque as the engine speed falls from the rated speed of 2200 to 2000. However, under some operating conditions, linear droop 46 may not be sufficient to allow a crop slug or other transient load to be "powered through" without the feeling of losing power to the operator. In those instances, a boost torque curve 48 provides a power bulge with an extension of isochronous portion 44 to a higher, rated boost power output 50.
  • the boost torque curve 48 From the rated boost power output 50, the boost torque curve 48 then has a linear droop 52 until the peak power output at 2000 RPM is reached. Linear droop 52 has a lesser slope than linear droop 46 so that the power output remains closer to the peak power output as the engine speed decreases from the rated engine speed.
  • electrical processing circuit 28 can receive an input signal indicating the use of a high external load, such as an output signal from switch 40 indicating the use of an unloading auger. Electrical processing circuit 28 then assumes that the power boost in a boost mode will be desirable, and uses the power boost torque curve 48 to extend the isochronous portion of base torque curve 42.
  • the power bulge can be implemented using the boost torque curve 48.
  • Fig. 3 there is shown a flowchart of an embodiment of the method of operation of agricultural harvester 10.
  • the IC engine 12 is operated in a normal mode using the base torque curve 42 under most operating conditions (block 60).
  • the control logic remains in a wait state (decision block 62, line 64) until an operator actuates a load such as an unloading auger which is a high load on IC engine 12.
  • Electrical processing circuit 28 then operates IC engine 12 in a boost mode with boost torque curve 48 (block 66). This in essence extends the isochronous portion of the effective torque curve at the rated engine operating speed.
  • electrical processing circuit 28 can switch to the boost mode by sensing the engine output power and set operating speed, as described above.
  • the present invention combines the advantages of a droop torque curve with the advantages of an isochronous torque curve.
  • Agricultural harvester 10 uses the isochronous operation under most conditions at the rated operating speed which results in a consistent shoe speed and cleaning fan speed.
  • the shoe speed may be fine tuned to an operating speed of 300 RPM at 2200 engine RPM without the fear of overspeed. Initial settings and adjustments of the combine in the field are consistent.
  • the present invention results in lower parasitic losses as a result of lower engine speed. The lower engine speed in turn improves the engine life.

Claims (9)

  1. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Verbrennungsmotors (12) eines landwirtschaftlichen Erntefahrzeugs (10) mit Rädern (24) oder mit einer in Bodeneingriff befindlichen Raupenkette, die durch eine Ausgangskurbelwelle (16) des Motors (12) über ein hydrostatisches oder hydromechanisches Getriebe, das ein Hydraulikmodul (18), ein mechanisches Antriebsstrangmodul (20) und eine stromabwärtige Antriebsstrangkomponente (22) umfasst, angetrieben werden bzw. wird, das die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
    Betreiben des Motors (12) in einem Normalmodus mit einer Basisdrehmomentkurve (42) in Abhängigkeit von der Motorbetriebsdrehzahl und der Motorleistungsabgabe, wobei die Basisdrehmomentkurve (42) bei einer Nennbetriebsdrehzahl über einen Leistungsabgabebereich, der bei einer Nennleistungsabgabe endet, hinweg allgemein isochron ist, wobei die Basisdrehmomentkurve (42) eine Spitzenleistungsabgabe bei einer Motorbetriebsdrehzahl unter der Nennbetriebsdrehzahl aufweist und die Basisdrehmomentkurve (42) zwischen der Nennleistungsabgabe bei der Nennbetriebsdrehzahl und der Spitzenleistungsabgabe bei der geringeren Betriebsdrehzahl allgemein linear verläuft,
    und Betreiben des Motors (12) in einem Verstärkungsmodus mit einer Verstärkungsdrehmomentkurve (48), wenn eine Leistungsverstärkung über die Nennleistungsabgabe hinaus erforderlich ist, wobei die Verstärkungsdrehmomentkurve (48) eine Leistungsabgabe aufweist, die über einen vorbestimmten Betriebsdrehzahlbereich hinweg über der Basisdrehmomentkurve (42) liegt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die abgegebene Leistung bei Betrieb des Motors (12) im Verstärkungsmodus allgemein isochron zwischen der Nennleistungsabgabe und der Verstärkungsdrehmomentkurve (48) zu einer Nennverstärkungsleistungsabgabe steigt.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Verstärkungsdrehmomentkurve (48) zwischen der Nennverstärkungsleistungsabgabe bei der Nennbetriebsdrehzahl und der Spitzenleistungsabgabe bei der geringeren Betriebsdrehzahl allgemein linear verläuft.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Verstärkungsdrehmomentkurve (48) verwendet wird, wenn ein Bediener mindestens einen elektronischen Schalter (40) an dem landwirtschaftlichen Erntefahrzeug (10) einsetzt.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, wobei der mindestens eine elektronische Schalter (40) einer nutzerbetätigten externen Last entspricht.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Basisdrehmomentkurve (42) bei der Nennbetriebsdrehzahl zwischen null und der Nennleistungsabgabe allgemein isochron verläuft.
  6. Landwirtschaftliches Erntefahrzeug (10), das Folgendes umfasst:
    einen Verbrennungsmotor (12), der ein Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem umfasst;
    Räder (24) oder eine in Bodeneingriff befindliche Raupenkette, die durch eine Ausgangskurbelwelle (16) des Motors (12) über ein hydrostatisches oder hydromechanisches Getriebe, das ein Hydraulikmodul (18), ein mechanisches Antriebsstrangmodul (20) und eine stromabwärtige Antriebsstrangkomponente (22) umfasst, angetrieben werden bzw. wird;
    einen Detektor, der ein eine Leistungsabgabe vom Motor (12) darstellendes Ausgangssignal bereitstellt; und
    eine elektrische Verarbeitungsschaltung (28), die mit dem Detektor gekoppelt ist und das Ausgangssignal empfängt, wobei die elektrische Verarbeitungsschaltung (28) das Kraftstoffeinspritzsystem (38) in einem Normalmodus oder einem Verstärkungsmodus selektiv betreibt, wobei:
    der Normalmodus eine Basisdrehmomentkurve (42) in Abhängigkeit von der Motorbetriebsdrehzahl und der Motorleistungsabgabe nutzt, wobei die Basisdrehmomentkurve (42) bei einer Nennbetriebsdrehzahl über einen Leistungsabgabebereich, der bei einer Nennleistungsabgabe endet, hinweg allgemein isochron ist;
    wobei die Basisdrehmomentkurve (42) eine Spitzenleistungsabgabe bei einer Motorbetriebsdrehzahl unter der Nennbetriebsdrehzahl aufweist und die Basisdrehmomentkurve (42) zwischen der Nennleistungsabgabe bei der Nennbetriebsdrehzahl und der Spitzenleistungsabgabe bei der geringeren Betriebsdrehzahl allgemein linear verläuft,
    und der Verstärkungsmodus eine Verstärkungsdrehmomentkurve (48) nutzt, wenn eine Leistungsverstärkung über die Nennleistungsabgabe hinaus erforderlich ist, wobei die Verstärkungsdrehmomentkurve (48) eine Leistungsabgabe aufweist, die über einen vorbestimmten Betriebsdrehzahlbereich hinweg über der Basisdrehmomentkurve (42) liegt,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die abgegebene Leistung bei Betrieb des Motors (12) im Verstärkungsmodus allgemein isochron zwischen der Nennleistungsabgabe und der Verstärkungsdrehmomentkurve zu einer Nennverstärkungsleistungsabgabe steigt.
  7. Landwirtschaftliches Erntefahrzeug (12) nach Anspruch 6, wobei das Ausgangssignal vom Detektor der Leistungsabgabe des Motors (12) oder der Gesamtlast am Motor (12) entspricht.
  8. Landwirtschaftliches Erntefahrzeug (12) nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Verstärkungsdrehmomentkurve (48) zwischen der Nennverstärkungsleistungsabgabe bei der Nennbetriebsdrehzahl und der Spitzenleistungsabgabe bei der geringeren Betriebsdrehzahl allgemein linear verläuft.
  9. Landwirtschaftliches Erntefahrzeug (12) nach Anspruch 6, wobei die Basisdrehmomentkurve (42) bei der Nennbetriebsdrehzahl zwischen null und der Nennleistungsabgabe allgemein isochron verläuft.
EP10161600.1A 2009-05-21 2010-04-30 Motor für eine landwirtschaftliche Erntemaschine mit isochroner Drehmomentkurve mit Überleistung Active EP2253822B1 (de)

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US12/470,198 US8352155B2 (en) 2009-05-21 2009-05-21 Engine for an agricultural harvester having isochronous torque curve with power bulge

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EP2253822A2 EP2253822A2 (de) 2010-11-24
EP2253822A3 EP2253822A3 (de) 2014-05-21
EP2253822B1 true EP2253822B1 (de) 2016-06-08

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US (1) US8352155B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2253822B1 (de)
AU (1) AU2010201937A1 (de)
BR (1) BRPI1001711B1 (de)
EA (1) EA201000681A1 (de)

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EP2253822A2 (de) 2010-11-24
BRPI1001711A2 (pt) 2011-07-05
US8352155B2 (en) 2013-01-08
US20100299048A1 (en) 2010-11-25
EP2253822A3 (de) 2014-05-21
BRPI1001711B1 (pt) 2018-04-17
EA201000681A1 (ru) 2010-12-30
AU2010201937A1 (en) 2010-12-09

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