EP2252500B1 - Support comprenant un touret equipe d'une bouee d'amarrage de conduites de liaison fond/surface deconnectable - Google Patents

Support comprenant un touret equipe d'une bouee d'amarrage de conduites de liaison fond/surface deconnectable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2252500B1
EP2252500B1 EP09727235A EP09727235A EP2252500B1 EP 2252500 B1 EP2252500 B1 EP 2252500B1 EP 09727235 A EP09727235 A EP 09727235A EP 09727235 A EP09727235 A EP 09727235A EP 2252500 B1 EP2252500 B1 EP 2252500B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
turret
buoy
floating support
wall
bottom wall
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Application number
EP09727235A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2252500A1 (fr
Inventor
Michel Baylot
Jean-Paul Denise
Thomas Marty
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Saipem SA
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Saipem SA
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Publication of EP2252500A1 publication Critical patent/EP2252500A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B63B21/507—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers with mooring turrets
    • B63B21/508—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers with mooring turrets connected to submerged buoy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a floating support anchored on a disconnectable drum.
  • the technical sector of the invention is more particularly the field of underwater oil production in extreme weather-ocean weather zone and more particularly in the Arctic and Antarctic, from floating supports.
  • a floating support for oil production generally includes anchoring means to remain in position despite the effects of currents, winds and waves. It also generally comprises means for drilling, storage and treatment of oil and means of unloading to removing tankers, the latter occurring at regular intervals to perform the removal of production.
  • the usual name for these floating supports or vessels is the Anglo-Saxon term “Floating Production Storage Offloading” (meaning “floating medium of storage, production and unloading") which we use the abbreviated term "FPSO” as a whole of the following description, or "FDPU” or “Floating Drilling & Production Unit” (meaning “buoyant means of drilling and production”), when the floating support is also used to perform drilling operations with well deviated in height of the slice of water.
  • the FPSO When the ocean-weather conditions, ie swell, wind and current are important, even extreme, in the case of storms, it is preferable to anchor the FPSO at a reel, usually located at known manner in the forward third of the ship and in the axis, the vessel being free to turn around said drum in the wind, the current and the swell.
  • wind, current and waves exert specific forces on the hull and superstructures, the FPSO because of its degree of freedom of rotation around the vertical axis ZZ, coming from naturally put in the position of least resistance.
  • the pipes connecting the wellheads are generally connected on the underside of the drum and connected to the FPSO via a rotary joint integrated in the axis of said drum.
  • weather conditions can become extreme, such as in the North Sea, in the Gulf of Mexico or in the Arctic or Antarctic zone, the FPSO is generally disconnectable so that it can be sheltered waiting for acceptable operational conditions.
  • the present invention relates more particularly to a floating support for submarine oil production in the Arctic or Antarctic zone equipped below its hull with a disconnectable drum from which anchor lines extend to the seabed and pipes. connecting bottom / surface, said shell having in its longitudinal direction substantially flat lateral edges and vertical, and optionally, with, known manner of the proues (front part of the ship) and, preferably stern (rear part of the ship), inclined relative to the horizontal and preferably profiled to form a reinforced pointed bow, capable of breaking the pack ice by simple bending when said pack ice engages force under said reinforced bow.
  • the floating supports advantageously have a hull with longitudinal edges substantially vertical to give them optimum oil storage capacity, and better behavior in case of high sea. But a hull with vertical edges is particularly disadvantageous in terms of behavior. facing the pack ice.
  • floating supports which, among other means, have curved or angled curved planks to promote ice breakage, as is the case with the known bow ship profiles with bow inclined relative to the horizontal.
  • the rolling bearing is either located at the level of the floating support bridge or located in the lower part in a wet zone, that is to say that the bearing is immersed, or else in combination of the two previous configurations.
  • Embodiments in which the rolling bearing is located exclusively at the level of the bridge are valid only for floating supports of relatively low height, especially less than 15 m. Beyond this, for floating supports, particularly 20 to 25 m high, the horizontal force on the drum resulting from the rotation of the floating support creates a bending on the structure of the drum in its length, which solicits the mechanical strength of the upper bearing bearing and therefore affects the mechanical reliability of operation. On the other hand, when the rolling bearing is immersed in the lower part of the drum, this immersion affects the reliability of operation and the durability of said rolling bearing and in addition creates difficulties in carrying out maintenance operations.
  • a connection and quick disconnection system for a mooring buoy in which the mooring buoy comprises an upper part connected to the bottom of the hull of the floating support, more precisely at a mooring cavity. extending annularly at the lower end of a cavity passing through the hull of the floating support over its entire height and through which the bottom / surface connection lines rise.
  • the mooring buoy also includes a lower portion to which are moored bottom portions of bottom / surface connection lines extending to the bottom of the sea, this lower portion of the mooring buoy is rotatable through a completely immersed rolling bearing, allowing the rotation of this lower part relative to the upper part of the mooring buoy secured to the hull.
  • This type of system with a fully submerged rotating part and fully immersed rolling bearings is not suitable for mooring a large number of bottom / surface connection lines, for which it is desirable to provide a system in which at least a portion of the rolling bearings is located in an out-of-water zone, so as to be able to be easier to maintain and operate under less stringent operating conditions.
  • WO 94/15828 at the bottom of the shell, there are provided internal tanks having a large surface in horizontal section in which the atmospheric pressure or preferably the vacuum is established, said internal tanks having a large contact surface in horizontal section with the upper part.
  • the mooring buoy against which the latter is intended to be fixed.
  • an annular interstitial zone is created between the mooring buoy and the atmospheric pressure vessel at the bottom of the hull of the vessel, delimited by two concentric O-rings, an annular zone of reduced volume which is brought into contact with the atmospheric pressure chamber at the bottom of the hull of the ship to create a positive buoyancy of the entire mooring buoy and anchor lines and bottom / surface connection lines which are pressed against said contact surface.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a connection system / disconnection of the mooring buoy faster and simpler to implement based on the principle of creating a positive buoyancy of the mooring buoy and pipes of the bottom / surface connection which are moored to it by pumping means, in the case where said mooring buoy is fixed on a rotating drum within a cavity extending over the entire height of the hull of the ship, no part of the mooring buoy is therefore secured and fixed relative to the hull of the ship and said mooring buoy comprising at least one rolling bearing which is not likely to be immersed in operation.
  • the chamber is filled with water valves, the said vent pipe (s) maintaining the chamber of the valves substantially at atmospheric pressure during filling, until the level of the water in the said tubes at a height greater than H 1 .
  • the floating support comprises a plurality of hoisting ropes, extending from winches preferably arranged on the deck of the vessel or at the top of said reel, above the waterline, said cables extending the case. within said guide tubes, hereinafter also referred to as “guide tubes” or “guide tubes”, extending vertically to the inside of the drum, from a level above the waterline to the bottom of the drum which they cross in a sealed manner.
  • the floating support according to the invention comprises at least three said cables and at least three said guide tubes, preferably arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the circular bottom of said drum and, preferably, along and near the the inner surface of said tubular structure of said drum, the lower ends of said cables being fixed at the upper edge of said upper tubular wall of said buoy.
  • This arrangement of said cables makes it possible to progress, in a controlled and stable manner, the approach of said mooring buoy against the underside of the bottom of the drum, by synchronizing the operation of the winding winches of said hoisting ropes.
  • the diameter of said guide tubes and the immersion depth (H 0 -H 2 ) of the bottom wall of the drum on which said guide tubes rest are such that the internal volume of the guide tubes is less than 15 m 3 , preferably less than 5 m 3 , for a reel height immersed within said cavity (H 0 -H 2 ) of at least 20 m, more preferably 20 to 50 m.
  • said upper tubular wall of the buoy comprises, at its lower end, a bottom wall to which it is sealingly assembled, forming the bottom wall of the valve chamber supporting said valves and / or connector parts.
  • the buoy has, in the lower part, an annular box forming a float on the underside of the bottom wall of the valve chamber.
  • the upper tubular wall of the buoy has a necessary height and sufficient to install said valves and connectors automatic connection of the first and second pipes.
  • the floating support comprises a pump situated at the bottom inside said sealed tubular structure constituting the drum, said pump cooperating with a suction pipe sealingly passing through said bottom wall of the drum, said pipe suction approaching the bottom wall of said valve chamber when the latter is in position against said bottom wall of the drum, and said pump cooperating with a discharge pipe passing through the tubular side wall of said tubular waterproof structure constituting the drum, preferably in the lower part of said drum, and opening into said cavity.
  • the floating support comprises centering means applied on the outer surface of the tubular wall of the drum and extending below said bottom wall of the drum, preferably arranged uniformly and regularly around said bottom.
  • centering means make it possible to facilitate the centering of the upper tubular wall of said mooring buoy relative to said reel in approaching movement against the underside of said bottom of the reel and facilitate the connection of the male and female parts.
  • the floating support comprises reversible mechanical retaining means of said mooring buoy against the underside of the bottom of said reel.
  • said upper tubular wall of said buoy comprises, on its upper edge, an O-ring and, on its inner face, stops or protective cleats limiting the crushing of said seal and ensuring the vertical load transfer between said buoy ring and the drum when said mooring buoy is applied against the bottom wall of said drum, said O-ring being compressed between the underside of the bottom wall of said drum and the upper edge of the upper tubular wall of said mooring buoy, said protective catch being able to cooperate with an articulated movable safety latch secured to the underside of the bottom wall of said drum, so that said mooring buoy is secured to said drum when said safety lock is engaged below said protective catch.
  • said upper tubular wall of the buoy and / or the tubular side wall of the tubular sealed structure of said drum comprises (s) a filling valve cooperating with filling pipes placing in communication seawater and the interior said valve chamber, and, preferably, said tubular wall of said valve chamber comprising a large-sized watertight trapdoor, adapted to allow an almost instantaneous filling of said valve chamber with seawater when opening said hatch.
  • the bottom wall of the drum comprises a inspection hatch of said valve chamber.
  • valve chamber Since it is possible to empty the valve chamber, this allows the personnel to intervene dry in said chamber for maintenance and, if necessary, the implementation of the valves and automatic connectors ensuring the connection between said first and second conduits.
  • H 2 represents the height with respect to the seabed of the upper edge of the upper tubular wall of the buoy and that of the underside of the bottom wall of the drum when in contact and S is the cross-sectional area of the upper tubular wall of the drum or the surface of the bottom wall of the drum delimited by the upper edge of the upper tubular wall of the drum when in contact.
  • step a- said guide tubes serve as vents by maintaining the valve chamber substantially at atmospheric pressure during filling.
  • This two-stage disconnection mode is advantageous because, at the end of step a- and up to step d-included, the mooring buoy is held in position by the hydrostatic thrust and the fueling process.
  • mooring buoy is always reversible by simply emptying the chamber, which allows to provide a phase of intermediate disconnection or waiting phase, in case we are not sure of wanting to disconnect the buoy mooring but that, if necessary, we want to be ready to make this disconnection as quickly as possible, by simply filling the guide tubes in accordance with step e- above.
  • the preparatory phase which is still reversible is calmly carried out, this phase possibly taking several hours in the case of burning of the iceberg. depressurization gas by the edge flare.
  • the second phase (step e-), the latter being irreversible, lasts only a few tens of seconds, or even a few minutes, to obtain the release of the buoy, and thus the almost instantaneous release of the FPSO from its anchorage.
  • an FPSO type floating vessel or support 10 anchored on a 1,2,3 disconnectable mooring system drum anchored by anchor lines 13 and connected to wellheads under -marines, not shown, by flexible pipes 14 in a plunging chain configuration 14a to a subsurface float 15 supporting said hose, said float being held by a cable 15a connected to a dead body 15b at the bottom of the sea, then said flexible pipe 14a is extended in chain configuration 14b to the bottom of the sea 40, then to said wellheads.
  • the FPSO is in cold waters in which icebergs or large, large ice sheets floating on the surface of the sea can move. 32 In extreme situations, such as storms or in the case of sea ice.
  • the lower part 1 of the mooring system commonly called “spider buoy”, that is to say “spider buoy” is in fact an annular mooring buoy 1 which can be disconnected, so known to those skilled in the art, generally at the bottom of the FPSO, which allows to release said FPSO so that it can get away.
  • the mooring buoy 1 and the submerged pipe sections 14 are connected to the bottom 2c of the drum on the underside of said bottom by automatic connectors 7.
  • the internal buoyancy of the annular mooring buoy 1 being adjusted in such a way that said buoy stabilizes at a depth H above the seabed, corresponding, for example, to a distance of 100 m from the sea surface 32, thereby putting all the lines of anchorage and hoses under cover, as shown on the same figure 1 .
  • the rotary joint connection 3 is articulated freely in rotation, so as to allow the rotation of said floating support without causing the rotation of said coupling and the pipes which are connected to it at the level of the floating support.
  • the cross-section of the FPSO is shown in section and in side view according to the plane AA of the figure 1 .
  • the drum 2 is installed in a cavity 4, preferably circular, vertically traversing the FPSO 10 over its entire height, from the deck 1 to the bottom of its hull.
  • the upper part of the cavity 4 has a redan 10a at the upper part 2 1 of the drum.
  • the seawater is present inside said cavity 4 of the FPSO and outside the drum.
  • the drum 2 consists of a tubular structure sealed at its lower end by a bottom wall 2c and comprising at its upper end an upper platform 2 1 , of larger diameter than the lateral tubular wall 2, said platform being supported , in its peripheral parts protruding from the lateral tubular wall 2, against the redan la at the upper end of the cavity 4.
  • the level of said bearings at least said tubular structure 2 and said inner wall 4 of cavity 1 have a circular section.
  • the rollers or rollers of the lower and upper lateral guide bearings 5 2 and 5 3 are more particularly arranged with their axes of rotation in a vertical position.
  • said rollers or rollers are arranged with their axes of rotation in a horizontal position bearing on the step 1a, the platform 2 1 resting on the edge of said rollers 5 1 .
  • the diameter outside said tubular structure of the drum 2 may exceed 25 m, more particularly from 10 to 20 m and its wet height is generally greater than 20 m, can reach 25 m, or more in the case where the hull of the floating support extends on a height of 50 m as in some cases.
  • annular mooring buoy 1 When the ship is under heavy stress, either by ice, wave, wind or current, its anchoring system connected to annular mooring buoy 1 keeps it in position. Given the large dimensions of the FPSO, the anchor reaction forces create considerable variations in the horizontal tension F at the level of the drum base, which can reach 5000 to 7500 tonnes in the case of a pack ice progressing perpendicular to the bordered by the FPSO, and 1500 to 3000 tons in extreme conditions of swell, wind and current. These horizontal forces are directly transmitted by the annular mooring buoy to said base of the drum.
  • Cables 20b are connected to winches 20a, secured to the drum and installed in the upper part, largely above the waterline 32, preferably on the platform 2 1 .
  • Said cables 20b pass through a vertical pipe or guide tube 20c, the latter exceeding by several meters, for example 5m, the maximum level of the maximum swell striking the side of the ship, said maximum level being well above the level of the sea at rest 32 as represented on said figure 4 .
  • Said guide duct 20c extends vertically downwards and passes in a sealed manner to the bottom 2c of the drum 2.
  • the level of the seawater inside the guiding ducts 20c remains substantially the same as in level of the side of the ship, that is to say at the corresponding H 0 level, in said figure, at sea level 32: in case of heavy swell or storm, the water level in said pipe 20c can not reach the top of the pipe, and the seawater is not likely to invade the interior of the drum 2.
  • the ring buoy being in the rest position at an altitude H above the sea floor, as represented on the figure 1 , the FPSO is positioned substantially vertically to said annular buoy and a ROV (automatic submarine intervention driven from the surface) is connected to said buoy, the end of the cables 20b down to the desired depth by unscrewing the winches 20a.
  • the buoy is then raised towards the bottom of the drum by synchronized winding of all the winches, until the upper part of the ring buoy comes into contact with the lower part of the drum.
  • guide means 21 represented on the figure 8 , integral with said drum, perform the centering of the annular buoy 1 with respect to the drum, thus facilitating the connection of the male parts 7a and female 7b of the automatic connectors 7.
  • a circular elastomer seal 100, integral with the annular buoy is compressed between the under the face of the drum and the upper part of the annular buoy, a tab 101 integral with said annular buoy, limits the crushing of said seal and ensures the vertical load transfer between said ring buoy and the drum.
  • cleats 101 are applied against the outer surface of the tubular waterproof structure 2 and extend below it, that is to say below the level of the bottom 2c of the tubular structure 2, so as to allow the recovery of horizontal forces experienced by the mooring buoy 2.
  • the upper part of the mooring buoy 1 is constituted by an upper tubular wall 1a, preferably of circular section, delimiting a chamber 30 enclosing the upper ends of the first conduits 14 passing through the bottom 30a of the chamber 30.
  • Said upper ends of the first ducts 14 and lower ends of the second ducts 14c are equipped with valves 8 and 8b respectively and 7a male part and female 7b respectively of automatic connectors 7.
  • the O-ring 100 is applied to the upper edge 1b constituting the edge of the tubular wall upper 1a of the mooring buoy 1.
  • valves 8 and male parts 7a of automatic connectors 7 at the upper end of the first conduits 14 are supported by the bottom 30a of the valve chamber 30.
  • valves 8b and female portions 7b of automatic connectors 7 at the lower end of the second conduits 14c are supported by the bottom wall 2c of the drum.
  • the mooring buoy 1 comprises a lower portion 1c forming an annular box constituting a float on the underside of the bottom wall 30a of the chamber 30 of the valves.
  • a pump 22 draws water through a suction pipe 22a sealingly through the bottom 2c of the drum and discharging the water at sea through the discharge pipe 22b sealingly through the drum 2.
  • the water inside the guide pipes 20c is at the level H 0 , corresponding substantially at sea level, but as soon as the pump has evacuated a few hundred liters, the water will reach the level H 2 , because the diameter required for the pipes is related to the diameter of the lifting cables 20b and is advantageously reduced to a minimum .
  • a guiding pipe of 300 mm internal diameter and a height H 0 -H 2 of 20m, inside which is installed a lifting cable of 150mm in diameter corresponds to a volume of water d about 1m3, i.e., an overall volume of about 4m3 for a four-strand lifting system.
  • a deballasting pump of 500m3 / h will thus empty the entire height of the said guide pipes in approximately 30 seconds, and then begin to empty the valve chamber whose volume is approximately 2,000 m3 for a 5m chamber. height and 22.5 m in diameter.
  • the valve chamber 30 When the valve chamber 30 is empty, it is at atmospheric pressure and is made accessible by a manhole 24 provided with a sealed hatch 24a in the closed position when the ring buoy is disconnected, or that the valve chamber is being purged or refilled.
  • a safety lock device represented on the figure 8 consisting, for example in an articulated movable portion 102 secured to said underside of the drum, cooperating with a tab 101 integral with the annular buoy, said tab being for example common with the stop limiting the crushing of the elastomer seal 100.
  • the ring buoy is found with a hydrostatic level corresponding to the sea level, that is to say at the level H0, and said ring buoy is precipitated down with a considerable force corresponding to its own weight, c that is to say, 500-1500 tons, thus freeing the FPSO from its anchorage on a drum, almost instantaneously.
  • a gasket with a thickness of 25 mm will require, in the above-mentioned example of a chamber with valves of 22.5 m in diameter, a complementary supply of seawater of approximately 10 m 3, which does not dramatically increase the disconnection time.
  • valve chamber 30 It is also possible to fill the valve chamber 30 with valves 26 and lateral filling lines 26a-26b passing through said upper tubular wall 1a of the mooring buoy 1, as shown in FIG. figure 8 .
  • said tubular upper wall 1a of the mooring buoy has been described as being defined by a cylindrical surface of vertical axis ZZ ', preferably with section circular.
  • said upper tubular wall la can be defined by a surface of revolution of vertical axis ZZ 'whose right generator is inclined relative to the axis ZZ', said upper tubular wall then having a frustoconical shape, or said generator may be curved, the essential point being to define a side wall whose upper edge 1b is adapted to come into contact with the underside of the bottom wall 2c of the drum 2, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, the lower end of which is sealingly connected to the periphery of the bottom wall 30a of the chamber 30 so as to define a chamber of the sealed valves when the upper edge of the side wall of said valve chamber comes into contact with the bottom wall 2c of the drum 2.
  • the winches 20a are installed at the level of the FPSO bridge and the corresponding lifting cables 20b pass through the guide ducts 20c, the latter also acting as a vent, but it remains in the spirit of the invention if we integrate the winches in the structure of the drum at its bottom.
  • the winches are then directly into the water and the cables connected directly to the buoy: then there is at least one pipe 20c which then has a role of vent.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
EP09727235A 2008-03-21 2009-03-18 Support comprenant un touret equipe d'une bouee d'amarrage de conduites de liaison fond/surface deconnectable Active EP2252500B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0851833A FR2928898B1 (fr) 2008-03-21 2008-03-21 Support flottant comprenant un touret equipe d'une bouee d'amarrage de conduites de liaison fond/surface deconnectable
PCT/FR2009/050454 WO2009122099A1 (fr) 2008-03-21 2009-03-18 Support comprenant un touret equipe d'une bouee d'amarrage de conduites de liaison fond/surface deconnectable

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2252500A1 EP2252500A1 (fr) 2010-11-24
EP2252500B1 true EP2252500B1 (fr) 2011-11-30

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EP09727235A Active EP2252500B1 (fr) 2008-03-21 2009-03-18 Support comprenant un touret equipe d'une bouee d'amarrage de conduites de liaison fond/surface deconnectable

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US8342777B2 (ru)
EP (1) EP2252500B1 (ru)
KR (1) KR101348574B1 (ru)
AT (1) ATE535439T1 (ru)
CA (1) CA2714637C (ru)
FR (1) FR2928898B1 (ru)
RU (1) RU2492101C2 (ru)
WO (1) WO2009122099A1 (ru)

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KR101814430B1 (ko) * 2016-07-13 2018-01-04 삼성중공업 주식회사 부이구조물
CN106652364A (zh) * 2016-12-29 2017-05-10 重庆奥海辉龙大数据有限公司 危险气体监控设备及系统
KR102027274B1 (ko) * 2017-12-19 2019-10-01 삼성중공업 주식회사 선박
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2928898A1 (fr) 2009-09-25
WO2009122099A1 (fr) 2009-10-08
ATE535439T1 (de) 2011-12-15
EP2252500A1 (fr) 2010-11-24
KR101348574B1 (ko) 2014-01-07
FR2928898B1 (fr) 2010-04-16
US8342777B2 (en) 2013-01-01
CA2714637A1 (fr) 2009-10-08
RU2010131829A (ru) 2012-04-27
CA2714637C (fr) 2014-01-28
KR20100124734A (ko) 2010-11-29
US20110110724A1 (en) 2011-05-12
RU2492101C2 (ru) 2013-09-10

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