EP2243696A1 - Bâteau à voile avec portance variable - Google Patents

Bâteau à voile avec portance variable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2243696A1
EP2243696A1 EP10160928A EP10160928A EP2243696A1 EP 2243696 A1 EP2243696 A1 EP 2243696A1 EP 10160928 A EP10160928 A EP 10160928A EP 10160928 A EP10160928 A EP 10160928A EP 2243696 A1 EP2243696 A1 EP 2243696A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mast
sailing boat
hull
boat
sailing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10160928A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Giovanni Corbinelli
Mario D'onofrio
Emanuele Gabellieri
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP2243696A1 publication Critical patent/EP2243696A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B15/00—Superstructures, deckhouses, wheelhouses or the like; Arrangements or adaptations of masts or spars, e.g. bowsprits
    • B63B15/0083—Masts for sailing ships or boats
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B15/00—Superstructures, deckhouses, wheelhouses or the like; Arrangements or adaptations of masts or spars, e.g. bowsprits
    • B63B2015/0016—Masts characterized by mast configuration or construction
    • B63B2015/005—Masts characterized by mast configuration or construction with means for varying mast position or orientation with respect to the hull
    • B63B2015/0058—Masts characterized by mast configuration or construction with means for varying mast position or orientation with respect to the hull comprising active mast inclination means

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns the technical sector of sailing boats.
  • the invention refers to a type of sailing boat for regatta, races and the free time, on which the possibility of a control of the lift generated by the wind also during all the sailing is comprised.
  • the wind force that acts on the sail is responsible for the advancement of the boat and can be decomposed into three main components.
  • a first component, called thrust S, results parallel to the advancement direction of the boat.
  • thrust S results parallel to the advancement direction of the boat.
  • Such a force is directly proportional to the projection of the sail with respect to a transversal plane with reference to the boat itself (this takes place by slack angles of up to 30-35 degrees), and in particular an orthogonal plane to the advancement direction of the boat.
  • an increase in the sail surface implies an increase in the sail surface projected on such a plane and therefore, on equal broad reach angle and wind, also a significant increase in the final thrust.
  • the thrust creates a negative pitching effect that causes the sinking of the bow, especially in strongly wavy sea conditions.
  • the application point of the thrust component substantially corresponds to the sail's centre of gravity. An arm is therefore created that measures the distance between the force application point and the water line of the boat and, consequently, a pitching moment.
  • an undesired effect can be controlled by acting on the slack angle of the sail and varying it.
  • a second component of the wind force results orthogonal to the longitudinal plane of the boat. It is called rolling R and it is the cause of the turnover of the boat on one side. Also this force component is approximately applied in the sail's centre of gravity and, as already described, a force application arm that determines the turnover is thus created.
  • this further undesired component of the force can be controlled only partially by acting on the slack angle and on the sheer or belly of the sail.
  • the lift always acts on the sail's centre of gravity but is directed upwards. Such a force results substantially proportional to the projection of the sailing surface on a parallel plane to the water plane. Also in this case it is therefore clear that an increase in the sailing surface (and therefore in the eventual projection) implies an increase of the lift.
  • Lift control is important not only in terms of performances but also of safety. Excessive wind may imply such a high lift so as to cause a lifting of the boat such as to render its control difficult. It is clear that such a condition presents high risk for the crew. In normal conditions the solution is that of varying the slack angle in such a way as to diminish the trapped wind and with it all the force components (Thrust, Rolling and Lift). It is clear that such a solution determines an insurmountable limit to overcome predetermined performances. In extreme cases, the only solution to such a problem is to furl the sails definitely and bring the boat to port slowly.
  • the control of the lift seems to be extremely important, currently there is no device or boat that allows, in any way, the control of the said lift.
  • the mast is in fact substantially fixed and the whole is reflected on consequences that go from the loss of performances to risk conditions for the crew.
  • the only practicable kinematic setup on the mast implies a minimal inclination of the same exclusively towards the stern or the bow.
  • Such minimal inclinations are made possible thanks to the "step" used to realize the connection of the mast to the hull. This comprises a simple rectangular guide into which the base of the mast is inserted with interference. The tension rods then squash the base of the mast towards the base of the step, supporting it in the pre-chosen position.
  • connection means (7; 107; 207) are provided, which connect the mast to the hull, comprising a pivoting element configured in such a way that the mast is capable of rotating so as to be able to generate cones (10) with vertex at the pivoting point and of variable amplitude.
  • the inclinations can be such as to allow a passage even from a negative camber position to a positive camber position and vice versa.
  • positive camber an inclination of the mast such as to generate a positive lift that lifts the boat is intended, while a negative camber indicates such an inclination as to determine negative lift.
  • Such a control of the camber is extremely beneficial not only in terms of performances but also in terms of safety. In that case, it is therefore possible to annul the lift or even render it negative, allowing the boat to squash itself towards the water surface in the case it becomes necessary.
  • the variation of the camber angle has a double positive effect. Apart from increasing or diminishing the lift, it has in fact a rolling reduction effect.
  • the inclination of the mast consequently determines a reduction of the projected area with respect to the longitudinal plane and a lowering of the sail's centre of gravity. The whole translates in a reduction of the rolling effect.
  • the pivoting element (7; 107) can comprise at least a spherical joint (8, 9).
  • the spherical joint comprises a concave seat (9) and a sphere (8), arranged inside in a rotating manner.
  • the mast (3) can be connected to the sphere (8) in such a way as to result rotatable in correspondence of the rotation of the sphere, the said spherical joint being connected to the hull (2).
  • the mast (3) can be passing through the entire diameter of the sphere.
  • the pivoting element (7; 107) can advantageously comprise a connection stand (107) of connection to the mast (3) comprising a flexible head (108) into which the mast (3) is inserted.
  • connection stand (107) comprises a supporting base (110) on which the head (108) emerges, which is flexible with respect to the base (110).
  • the supporting base can be circular.
  • connection means (109) can be provided to fix the connection stand to the hull (2).
  • At least the head (108) can be realized of a rubber material.
  • At least the head (108) can comprise partially rubber material and partially rigid material, with such materials arranged in such a way as to allow inclinations of the head (108) with respect to the supporting base (110) exclusively according to preferential directions.
  • the hinge (207) can alternatively comprise a pivot (210), rotatable around an axis Y and connected on one side with a cup support (220) on which a clamping block (230) is arranged in a rotatable manner around an axis X, orthogonal to the said axis Y, and wherein, further, a cylinder (240) is engaged with the clamping block (230), the said cylinder comprising a pivoting element (250') to which a support of the mast (250) is connected, rotatable around the axis Z orthogonal to the said axes X and Y.
  • adjustment means (12) are further provided (12) to allow to control a lateral rotation of the mast with respect to the hull.
  • the said adjustment means (11, 12) comprise:
  • the tensioning device (15) comprises a capstan.
  • the direction of the tension rods 13 and the positioning of the pulleys or transmissions 14 therefore allows a substantially lateral movement towards right or left.
  • a mast (3) for a sailing boat configured in such a way as to allow rotations as to generate cones of variable amplitude when placed on a sailing boat.
  • a sailing boat 1 basically comprises a hull 2 and a mast 3 that serves as support for the sail (4, 5).
  • the figure in accordance with the background art, represents, for clarity purposes, the said three force components that act on it, and already described in the preamble of the background art. It is represented the lift P, the rolling component R and the thrust S, all applied substantially in the sail's centre of gravity.
  • the sail represented in figure comprises, for descriptive completeness reasons, a mainsail 4 and a jib 5.
  • Figure 2 for greater clarity, further represents a frontal view of the sail and a lateral view with the lift applied in correspondence of the sail's centre of gravity, while figure 3 represents a top view.
  • the top view of the boat, floating on the water surface, highlights the inclination of the sail and the component P, outgoing perpendicularly from the water line (represented with a dot).
  • the intensity of the lift is therefore proportional to the area of the sail projected on a hypothetical horizontal plane 6 arranged above the boat.
  • figure 4 indicates the known configuration of the present boats wherein the mast 3 has an invariable camber angle initially arranged in such a way as to result null.
  • the area projected on the overlapped plane 6 will have a predetermined fixed value depending basically on the jib and on the belly of the mainsail, therefore on the pre-chosen sail configuration.
  • figure 4 shows the plane 6 viewed from the top with the painted background projected area A and the lift P applied. Naturally, the length of the area extends for all the projected length of the sail.
  • the hull and the mast are respectively combined between them in such a way that the mast results mobile in an angular manner so as to be able to adjust the camber.
  • the mast results pivoted to the hull in such a way as to allow to incline it with respect to the surface of the hull, and in particular to incline it laterally with respect to the hull, as better explained below.
  • Figure 6 gives a clear representation of such a lateral inclination.
  • figure 6 shows a lateral inclination towards the right side of the sail.
  • the technical effects of such an inclination are clarified by figure 7 , wherein the ideal plane overlapped to the hull and on which the area of the sail is projected is represented.
  • an inclination in the direction of the arrow increases the projected area A1 (see the painted background area), which is greater with respect to the preceding area A of figure 4 . This inevitably implies a great increase of the lift value.
  • the figure therefore shows an inclination on one side that represents the increase of the camber angle.
  • Figure 8 for clarity purposes, further shows how the possibility of lateral inclination induces a further beneficial effect of rolling reduction.
  • the rotation of the mast 3 from the vertical position to a generic inclined position reduces the overall height of projection of the sail from a value h to a value h1.
  • Such a height reduction implies a reduction of the area of the sail projected on the longitudinal plane, a lowering of the centre of gravity and therefore a reduction of undesired rolling effect.
  • the mobile connection between mast and hull is therefore realized through pivoting means (7; 107) schematically indicated in the figures from 9 to 12.
  • the figures from 9 to 11 schematize a possible constructive solution with spherical joint connection 7.
  • a sphere 8 is therefore fixed in a rotatable manner inside its concave seat 9.
  • the seat 9 is fixed to the hull, for example with screws, gluing or similar methods anyway able to support the corrosive action of water.
  • Figure 9 shows a section A-A for highlighting the section of the hull with the mast and the spherical joint.
  • the sphere 8 is then connected to the base of the mast 3 in such a way as to realize the pivoting connection.
  • the mast is free to rotate practically at 360 degrees so as to be able to generate a cone 10 each time at variable amplitude and with vertex at the pivoting point.
  • connection of the mast to the spherical joint can be multiple.
  • figure 11 schematizes a further solution wherein the base of the mast 3 is passing through the sphere in such a way as to have greater stability.
  • the concave seat will have to be hollow to allow the passage of the mast.
  • the variable conic opening 11 is anyway limited by the passage hole realized in the support.
  • connection stand 107 to the mast 3 having a head 108, flexible with respect to the supporting base 110 (for example, a head realized entirely of rubber) and into which the mast is inserted.
  • the connection stand is then connected to the hull by means of an ordinary step, that is a longitudinal guide of quadrangular section into which it is fixed by means of a bolt with nut 109.
  • the rubber head 108 is therefore dimensioned in such a way as to have enough rigidity to support the mast, but it can be inflexed by deformation so as to vary the angle.
  • FIG 12 for clarity purposes, shows in thin dotted line an inflexion of the junction 108 in rubber.
  • any inclination can be obtained (in terms of angle and angle direction) but with vertex at the point of connection of the mast to the connection stand. Also this solution allows the generation of rotating cones.
  • connection stand could also include a flexible head but partly made of rubber material and partly made of rigid material. In this manner, the rotations with vertex at the pivoting point are limited exclusively to preferential directions.
  • a third solution involves a pivoting element 207 comprising a pivot 210 rotatable around its own axis Y and connected with a cup support 220 (C-shaped), in such a way that the said cup support results rotatable around said axis (represented in thin dotted line).
  • the cup element 220 presents holes 230' into which a clamping block 230 is inserted in a rotatable manner around the axis X and into which a cylinder 240 is placed.
  • the cylinder is therefore rotatable according to, altogether, the directions X and Y.
  • the cylinder comprises a further pivoting element 250' to connect in a rotatable manner a support 250 of the mast 3 to the cylinder. In such a manner, such a support results in turn rotatable with respect to the cylinder 240 around the axis Z outgoing from the plane of the drawing.
  • the angle adjustment can then be realized through adjustment means 12 combined with the said pivoting elements.
  • two tension rods 13 are connected to the mast 3 and passing through at least two front transmissions 14 arranged laterally to the hull and in correspondence of the sides of the mast.
  • Figure 13 limits itself to show only the section of the mast where the connection to the tension rods takes place and is generally arranged at about 3,5 metres from the hull.
  • Other further transmissions (four in total, for example) conduct the tension rods up to a tensioning device 15.
  • the transmissions 14 are generally pulleys, while the tensioning device is generally a capstan 15 of the winch type.
  • the crew can therefore act on the winch lever by draughting the mast through the pulleys on one side and releasing it on the opposed side and operating a lateral inclination of the mast in the direction indicated with the arrow 16 in figure 13 .
  • Figure 14 just as a way of example, further shows the draught of the tension rod such as to incline the mast laterally in such a way as to render the sail of negative lift.
  • Figure 15 clarifies the said inclination with a lateral view wherein such a rotation that inclines the mast towards left is highlighted (for the observer, placed on the stern). In that case, in accordance with the hypothetical direction of the wind, the negative lift effect is created.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
EP10160928A 2009-04-24 2010-04-23 Bâteau à voile avec portance variable Withdrawn EP2243696A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT000048A ITPI20090048A1 (it) 2009-04-24 2009-04-24 Barca a vela a portanza variabile

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2243696A1 true EP2243696A1 (fr) 2010-10-27

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EP10160928A Withdrawn EP2243696A1 (fr) 2009-04-24 2010-04-23 Bâteau à voile avec portance variable

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EP (1) EP2243696A1 (fr)
IT (1) ITPI20090048A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2966800A1 (fr) * 2010-11-03 2012-05-04 Georges Filippo-Galanos Dispositif de navigation de secours pour bateaux de plaisance a moteur.
CN111538340A (zh) * 2020-06-02 2020-08-14 哈尔滨工程大学 一种带风帆的动力浮标自主航行控制方法

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4706590A (en) * 1986-10-29 1987-11-17 Hoyt John G Deck mounted lateral mast rake adjuster
US5280760A (en) * 1991-12-02 1994-01-25 Edwards Jesse B Sailing craft
WO1994014647A1 (fr) * 1992-12-22 1994-07-07 Christensen J A Unite de commande
US5570651A (en) * 1995-01-11 1996-11-05 Schiff; Peter Sailing vessel with adjustable mast
WO1997000804A1 (fr) * 1995-06-21 1997-01-09 Pietro Immordino Systeme d'equilibrage pour bateaux a voile
US6058867A (en) * 1998-08-17 2000-05-09 Ettel; Rolland Wayne Sailboat mast inclining mechanism
WO2006063995A2 (fr) * 2004-12-13 2006-06-22 Riccardo Nannini Dispositif pour voiliers pourvu d'un mat oscillant et d'un essieu polaire
FR2888207A1 (fr) * 2005-07-07 2007-01-12 Windkart Conception Sarl Voilier multicoques a mat inclinable

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4016823A (en) * 1976-05-21 1977-04-12 Davis Robert S Retractable sailboat mast
US4638755A (en) * 1985-06-24 1987-01-27 Kemal Butka Boat with a swinging mast
SE456237B (sv) * 1985-08-09 1988-09-19 Christensen Jan Arhur Segelbat med svengbar mast

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4706590A (en) * 1986-10-29 1987-11-17 Hoyt John G Deck mounted lateral mast rake adjuster
US5280760A (en) * 1991-12-02 1994-01-25 Edwards Jesse B Sailing craft
WO1994014647A1 (fr) * 1992-12-22 1994-07-07 Christensen J A Unite de commande
US5570651A (en) * 1995-01-11 1996-11-05 Schiff; Peter Sailing vessel with adjustable mast
WO1997000804A1 (fr) * 1995-06-21 1997-01-09 Pietro Immordino Systeme d'equilibrage pour bateaux a voile
US6058867A (en) * 1998-08-17 2000-05-09 Ettel; Rolland Wayne Sailboat mast inclining mechanism
WO2006063995A2 (fr) * 2004-12-13 2006-06-22 Riccardo Nannini Dispositif pour voiliers pourvu d'un mat oscillant et d'un essieu polaire
FR2888207A1 (fr) * 2005-07-07 2007-01-12 Windkart Conception Sarl Voilier multicoques a mat inclinable

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2966800A1 (fr) * 2010-11-03 2012-05-04 Georges Filippo-Galanos Dispositif de navigation de secours pour bateaux de plaisance a moteur.
CN111538340A (zh) * 2020-06-02 2020-08-14 哈尔滨工程大学 一种带风帆的动力浮标自主航行控制方法

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Publication number Publication date
ITPI20090048A1 (it) 2010-10-25

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