EP2237937B1 - Device for producing concrete blocks - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for producing concrete blocks, and in particular paving stones, building blocks or the like, with a storage container forming a receiving space for a plurality of layers of different-colored concrete, dispensing means being provided in order to dispense partial amounts of the layers from the receiving space in such a way that a downstream release device receives a mixture of the layers of different-colored concrete, characterized in that at least a partial portion of a side wall of the receiving space is provided with at least one dispensing opening for dispensing a partial amount of the layers, the size of passage of the dispensing opening being variable by the dispensing means.

Description

The invention relates to a device for producing concrete blocks according to the preamble of claim 1.

The invention also relates to a storage container having a receiving space for a plurality of layers of different colored concrete for use in a device for producing concrete blocks according to claim 11.

The invention further relates to a method for producing concrete blocks according to the preamble of claim 12.

A generic device and a generic method is from the EP 1 017 554 B1 known.

Conventional methods for producing concrete blocks, in particular paving stones, bricks or the like, usually provide a basic body formed from coarse concrete, which is provided on the top with a fixed covering layer of colored concrete or concrete mortar. It is provided that the rough concrete is filled into a mold and compacted by shaking and / or pressing in the mold. This lowers the coarse concrete. In the lowered space of the mold from a storage container, which is also referred to as header tank or header silo, applied the colored concrete mortar on the rough concrete as a facing layer and compacted.

It is known to remove dyed concrete or concrete mortar as attachment layer for concrete blocks by gravity to the reservoir. In the case of a multicolored facing layer, for example when a marbled facing layer or a color mix is to be achieved, concrete or mortar masses are introduced into the storage container separately by color and mixed or unmixed fed to the molds.

Furthermore, it is known to use a separate additional container for each colored concrete, from each of which the desired amount of concrete is spent.

The described methods and devices share the disadvantage of a large mechanical and manufacturing expense. In addition, the cladding layers obtained by unfavorable mixtures, for example, as a result of heap formations, often undefined color patterns.

From the general state of the art, a storage container is known, which forms a receiving space for a plurality of layers of different colored concrete, wherein the bottom of the storage space is designed as a slide. After filling the storage room with the different layers of concrete, the slide is opened continuously or intermittently, so that fall due to gravity subsets or portions of the layers down and fed to a downstream dispenser. The downstream dispensing device may have a closure member, which is designed to control a quantitative, portionwise dispensing of the colored concrete or concrete mortar and filled the molds. The configuration of the reservoir with a slide only causes a relatively low mechanical complexity and leads to improved mixing of the layers of different colored Concrete. Nevertheless, the mixing of layers of different colored concrete is still not cheap enough; In particular, heaps continue to occur. This is especially true for the first subset, which falls down when opening the slider. In this only a small or insufficient mixing takes place.

To further improve the mixing is in the generic document, the EP 1 017 554 B1 , proposed that the slider known from practice is combined with baffles which are arranged in the path of movement of the downwardly moving parts of the concrete layers. The subsections of the concrete layers are intended to impinge on the impact bodies in such a way that the subsections are guided onto a deflection arc and are better mixed with one another.

The from the EP 1 017 554 B1 known solution further improves the mixing, but leads to a higher mechanical and design effort. In addition, there is still the problem that in particular the first part of the concrete or concrete mortar released by the slide has an unfavorable mixture. The mixing is improved only in the course of further draining of sections of the layers. However, since the receiving space of the reservoir has only a limited size, are regularly, namely whenever the first subset is discharged from the reservoir, paving stones created with a facing layer that has a different, ie less favorable color mixing than the rest of the batch.

The present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide an apparatus and a method for producing concrete blocks, which allow it with little effort, several Mix layers of different colored concrete in the desired manner with each other, in particular to produce facing layers with a defined, similar appearance for concrete blocks.

This object is achieved with respect to the device by claim 1.

An advantageous storage container for use in a device for producing concrete blocks arises from claim 11.

This object is achieved with respect to the method by claim 12.

Characterized in that at least a portion of a side wall of the receiving space is provided with at least one dispensing opening for dispensing a subset of the layers, and the passage size of the dispensing opening is variable by output means, a targeted and defined amount of concrete from different colored layers from the receiving space of the reservoir Drain.

The term concrete is to be understood equally for the purposes of the invention concrete mortar or mortar or other pourable material for the production of stones, in particular paving stones, bricks and the like.

The fact that the at least one discharge opening is arranged in the side wall, concrete from the different colored layers can fall out of the receiving space of the reservoir, without - as was the case in the prior art - the concrete falls in order from the reservoir, such as this stored there in layers. By the discharge opening in the side wall can be achieved, for example, that concrete from the different colored layers simultaneously falls down. However, it can also be achieved that initially the topmost layer associated dispensing opening is opened in the side wall and then - with a time delay - subsets of underlying or underlying layers are output through the dispensing opening. Thus, it is possible that subsets of the different layers of colored concrete arrive at the same time at the end of their movement or trajectory and thereby sets a desired, for example, uniform mixing. Achieving a temporally offset opening can be achieved for example by an oblique to the discharge opening arrangement of the output means or an oblique arrangement of the opening edge of the output means.

In principle, any mixing can be set with the device according to the invention and the method according to the invention. It is essential that, in particular, the mixing ratio of the first subset of the concrete removed from the receiving space of the storage container is no longer dependent on first draining the layer next to the bottom of the storage container.

According to the invention, it can be provided that the output means open and close the dispensing opening in cycles, in order to dispense a subset of the layers during the opening cycle. This makes it possible in each case to discharge a defined amount of concrete from the individual layers.

In one development of the invention, it may further be provided that the side wall provided with the at least one dispensing opening is inclined with respect to a vertical plane. By the Inclination of the side wall provided with the discharge opening, subsets of the different colored layers of concrete can be issued particularly well and independently of the respective underlying layer.

In principle, it can also be provided that only the section of a side wall, in which the dispensing opening is arranged, is inclined.

Furthermore, it can be provided that a plurality of side walls or partial sections of a plurality of side walls are provided with discharge openings. One or more side walls can be inclined accordingly.

As a result of the inclination, it can also be achieved in an advantageous manner that in the case of two superimposed layers, the upper layer, adjacent to the side wall, forms an overhang projecting horizontally over the lower layer. This overhang, when the at least one dispensing opening is opened by the dispensing means, may fall down independently of the underlying layer due to gravity. Advantageously, moreover, due to the overhang, further concrete can slip and be dispensed with through the dispensing opening. If appropriate, provision may be made for the dispensing means to open the dispensing opening only for a defined time and then close it again. In another opening cycle thus the slipped concrete can be output defined.

It is advantageous if the inclination of the side wall is changeable.

A change in inclination may be advantageous, for example, depending on the nature of the concrete to achieve a desired mixing. By changing the inclination, among other things, the appearance of the concrete block can change, for example, achieve a marbling or a uniform mixing. Furthermore, it can be provided that the inclination is changed as a function of the filling level, for example if a defined subset has already been dispensed from the receiving space of the storage container.

The inclination of the side wall may be, for example, 5 to 70 degrees, preferably 5 to 35 degrees. These values have been found to be particularly suitable in terms of the desired uniform mixing and in consideration of the desired subset, which is to be output through the discharge opening in the side wall.

Alternatively or in addition to the inclination of the side wall can also be provided that the receiving space or the reservoir in the direction of the at least one output port provided side wall is tiltable or pivotable or tiltable. This can be achieved for example by a corresponding rotation of the receiving space or a rotation. For this purpose, known to those skilled bearings and / or shafts / axes of rotation and the like can be used. Also in this case it may be advantageous if the inclination or the rotation of the receiving space in the direction of the side wall provided with the discharge opening is variable. It is also possible in this case to incline or turn the receiving space so far in the direction of the side wall provided with the at least one dispensing opening that the side wall provided with the dispensing opening forms the bottom of the receiving space. By such use of the invention Solution can be achieved, for example, a stripe look.

According to the invention, it may further be provided that the outer walls bounding the receiving space (that is to say the side walls, the base and optionally a cover) form at least approximately a spherical shape or a circular arc shape. This is particularly advantageous if the receiving space is to be rotated or inclined in the direction of the side wall provided with the at least one discharge opening. For this purpose, it is not absolutely necessary that the entire receiving space has a spherical shape, it is sufficient if the receiving space over the angular range over which the receiving space is to be inclined or rotated, at least approximately has a spherical shape. The mechanical effort, in particular the storage to rotate around the receiving space, thereby simplified.

According to the invention, it may further be provided that the side wall provided with the at least one dispensing opening and / or an opposite side wall are movable in order to change their distance from one another. Thereby, it is possible, if necessary, to additionally supply concrete to the discharge opening by reducing the distance of the side walls. Alternatively, the opposite side wall may also be preceded by a movable partition wall. Furthermore, as an alternative or in addition thereto, a vibration or vibration may also be provided in order to optionally supply further material to the dispensing opening in the side wall.

It is advantageous if the at least one dispensing opening extends substantially horizontally or vertically in the side wall. A horizontal arrangement of the at least one dispensing opening makes it possible, from each layer of different colors Concrete targeted to release a subset of concrete. In a horizontal arrangement of the dispensing opening, it is advantageous if the side wall has a plurality of dispensing openings, so that each layer of multicolored concrete can be assigned a dispensing opening. It is also conceivable that in each case a horizontally extending dispensing opening is arranged at an interface between two layers, so that a partial amount of concrete can be discharged from both layers by opening the dispensing opening.

It is also advantageous if the side wall is provided with a plurality of substantially mutually parallel discharge openings. Thus, regardless of the course of the discharge opening in the side wall, a uniform mixing of the layers can be achieved.

According to the invention, it can further be provided that the discharge openings form pockets, channels or guides through which the layers fall down due to the force of gravity. A particularly advantageous embodiment of the dispensing openings or the side wall provided with these may consist in that the side wall has two spaced apart walls, wherein the first wall facing the receiving space and provided with the discharge openings, and the second wall through the discharge opening incoming concrete passes. The wall facing the inside of the receiving space may be provided with guide or stabilizing webs between the dispensing openings. These webs may optionally also be connected to the rear wall, so that channels or pockets are formed to guide the falling out concrete. However, it is advantageous if the pockets are not closed, but are connected one above the other by openings in the stabilizing webs or the stabilizing webs extend only over a portion of the height, so that the bags do not hinder the falling of the concrete, in particular not clog.

According to the invention it can be provided that the output means are designed as swords, draw plates, slides, hinges or the like. Such a design has been found to be advantageous in order to open and close the dispensing openings quickly and easily. In principle, however, the dispensing openings can be closed in any manner.

It is advantageous if the output means are suitable for continuously changing the passage size of the dispensing opening. As a result, the subset to be dispensed from the layers of different colored concrete can be advantageously controlled. In principle, however, it is also possible to design the output means so that they can only fulfill a simple on / off functionality.

It is furthermore advantageous if each dispensing opening has an associated dispensing means. The output means can be controlled separately or together with the other output means. A separate control of the dispensing means makes it possible, in particular in the case of a horizontal alignment of the dispensing openings in the side wall, that the subsequent dispensing device may optionally be fed selectively only one layer and thus only one concrete color.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention can be provided that the output means are interconnected and movable together. This makes it possible to simultaneously open and close a plurality of dispensing openings. It is advantageous if the output means are designed as a gate, which has passage openings, wherein the slide is adjustable or displaceable to the side wall provided with the discharge openings such that the passage size of the outlet openings results from their overlap with the passage openings of the slide. Particularly preferred is a parallel displacement of the backdrop to the side wall. An embodiment of the output means as a backdrop enables a particularly simple operation to open and close the dispensing openings or to set different passage sizes.

According to the invention, it can further be provided that the dispensing means are provided with projections, pins, springs or the like aligned with the layers in order to loosen the layers in the area of the dispensing means. This embodiment is particularly suitable when the output means are designed as a backdrop or in a backdrop. By a parallel displacement of the link to the side wall, the projections, pins and the like loosen the adjoining the backdrop concrete so that it can advantageously fall through the discharge openings.

In an alternative or additional embodiment, it can also be provided that the output means are designed as rotatable shafts, rollers or the like, which change the passage size of the dispensing opening as a function of the rotation. It can also be provided that the corrugations have means to convey subsets of the layers through the dispensing opening. The means may, for example, as blades, projections, mandrels and the like optionally formed similar to a waterwheel or the blades of a vane pump be. It can also be provided that in each case two waves work together in an interlocking manner.

In a structural embodiment of the invention, means may further be provided to fill the receiving space with the most uniform possible layers of the different colored concrete. This can be done in various ways, particularly preferred is an embodiment of the means as baffles, which are arranged above the receiving space and already ensure when filling the different colored concrete that substantially uniform layers are formed. The layers can also have a different thickness. This may for example be the case if the same amount of concrete per layer is filled in each case, but the areas of the layers are different due to the inclination of the side wall. It is advantageous if the thickness of a layer is constant.

It is advantageous if the bottom of the receiving space is designed as a slide. Concrete, which can not be discharged through the outlet openings in the side wall or is to be dispensed, can be removed through the slide. The removal takes place in such a way that the slide is pushed into a position in which it releases an opening slot, so that portions of the concrete contained in the receiving space fall due to gravity.

It is advantageous if the slider is transversely movable, so that between the side walls and the slider, a variable opening slot can be formed, fall through the sections of the layers due to gravity down.

It is advantageous if the receiving space is formed substantially funnel-shaped and increases upwards.

The solution according to the invention is also particularly suitable for retrofitting existing devices for producing concrete blocks, in particular paving stones. For this purpose, the reservoir with the receiving space for several layers of different colored concrete in the existing device for. Manufacture of concrete blocks integrated. This can be done in a simple manner that the reservoir with the features of the invention above the existing reservoir - which is often referred to as header tank - is mounted. From the storage container with the features according to the invention, the concrete can then be dispensed into the existing storage or attachment container or arrives there in the desired mixed composition.

In the case of the side wall, which according to the invention is provided with the at least one discharge opening, it does not necessarily have to be a side wall which at the same time constitutes an outer wall of the receiving container or surrounds the concrete introduced in the receiving space at its periphery. It is also conceivable that the side wall is an inner wall in the receiving space, which is formed for example as a partition. The partition may be inclined accordingly. The inner wall may in particular be tower-shaped, dome-shaped or cone-shaped and arranged in the receiving space.

The side wall may be formed as any vertically extending wall (preferably also inclined), which is in communication with the introduced in the receiving space layers of different colored concrete or adjacent to the different colored layers of concrete.

In an advantageous method for producing concrete blocks, it is provided according to the invention that at least one first subset of the layers is dispensed from the storage container in that at least one dispensing opening is opened in at least one subsection of a side wall of the receiving space. It is advantageous if the at least one dispensing opening in the side wall is opened in such a way that a substantially uniform or desired amount of each layer of different colored concrete falls through the dispensing opening.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the at least one dispensing opening opens in such a way that the opening extends substantially in the vertical direction in the side wall, so that regardless of the respective lower layer, each layer of differently colored concrete drops a subset into the dispensing opening. In the method according to the invention, it is advantageous if the side wall provided with the at least one dispensing opening is inclined or can be inclined such that with two layers lying on top of each other, the upper layer adjacent to the side wall forms an overhang projecting horizontally over the lower layer.

The further features described with regard to the device according to the invention can also be used analogously as method steps.

Advantageous embodiments and developments of the invention will become apparent from the other dependent claims. Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention are shown in principle with reference to the drawing.

Fig. 1

eine prinzipmäßige Darstellung einer Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Betonsteinen in einer Seitenansicht;

Fig. 2

eine prinzipmäßige, perspektivische Ansicht eines erfin- dungsgemäßen Vorratsbehälters;

Fig. 3

eine Draufsicht auf eine Seitenwand mit Ausgabeöffnungen und mit Ausgabemitteln zum Öffnen und Schließen der Aus- gabeöffnungen;

Fig. 4

eine Ansicht von oben auf eine mit einer Mehrzahl von Ausgabeöffnungen versehenen Seitenwand, wobei die Ausga- beöffnungen durch ein kulissenartiges Ausgabemittel, welches an der Vorderseite der Seitenwand verschiebbar angeordnet ist, geöffnet und verschlossen werden können;

Fig. 5

eine prinzipmäßige Schnittdarstellung einer Vorrichtung um verschiedenfarbigen Beton in ein Formwerkzeug aus- zugeben;

Fig. 6

eine weitere Darstellung gemäß Figur 5, wobei ein als Schieber ausgebildeter Boden des Aufnahmeraums teilweise geöffnet ist;

Fig. 7a

einen Ausschnitt eines Teilabschnittes einer Seitenwand, welche mit einer Ausgabeöffnung versehen ist, wobei das Ausgabemittel zum Verschließen der Ausgabeöffnung als Welle ausgebildet ist;

Fig. 7b

eine Darstellung gemäß Figur 6a, wobei die Ausgabeöff- nung in der Seitenwand durch zwei ineinander greifende Wellen verschlossen ist;

Fig. 8a

eine Schnittdarstellung gemäß VII-VII der Figur 6b wobei die Wellen derart ineinander greifen, dass die Ausgabe- Öffnung verschlossen ist;

Fig. 8b

eine Darstellung der Wellen gemäß Fig. 7a, wobei die Wellen derart verdreht sind, dass die Ausgabeöffnung vollständig geöffnet ist;

Fig. 9

eine prinzipmäßige Draufsicht von oben auf den als Schieber ausgebildeten Boden des Aufnahmeraums, wobei der Schieber eine dreiecksförmige Aussparung aufweist und eine angrenzende Seitenwand mit einem prismenförmi- gen bzw. halbkegelförmigen Vorsprung versehen ist, der mit der dreiecksförmigen Aussparung des Schiebers zu- sammmenwirkt, und

Fig. 10

eine prinzipmäßige Draufsicht auf eine alternative Aus- bildung der mit den Ausgabeöffnungen versehenen Seiten- wand.

It shows:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of an apparatus for producing concrete blocks in a side view;

Fig. 2

a principle, perspective view of a reservoir according to the invention;

Fig. 3

a plan view of a side wall with discharge openings and with output means for opening and closing the discharge openings;

Fig. 4

a view from above of a side wall provided with a plurality of discharge openings, wherein the discharge openings can be opened and closed by a backdrop-like output means which is arranged displaceably on the front side of the side wall;

Fig. 5

a principle sectional view of a device to issue different colored concrete in a mold;

Fig. 6

a further representation according to FIG. 5 wherein a trained as a slide bottom of the receiving space is partially open;

Fig. 7a

a section of a portion of a side wall, which is provided with a discharge opening, wherein the discharge means for closing the discharge opening is formed as a shaft;

Fig. 7b

a representation according to Figure 6a, wherein the Ausgaböff- opening in the side wall is closed by two intermeshing waves;

Fig. 8a

a sectional view according to VII-VII of Figure 6b wherein the shafts mesh with each other such that the dispensing opening is closed;

Fig. 8b

a representation of the waves according to Fig. 7a wherein the shafts are twisted such that the dispensing opening is fully opened;

Fig. 9

a schematic plan view from above of the trained as a slider bottom of the receiving space, wherein the slider has a triangular-shaped recess and an adjacent side wall is provided with a prism-shaped or semi-conical projection, which cooperates with the triangular recess of the slider, and

Fig. 10

a schematic plan view of an alternative embodiment of the provided with the discharge openings side wall.

Devices and methods for producing concrete blocks, in particular paving stones, bricks and the like are well known from the general state of the art, which is why below only the essential features of the invention will be discussed in more detail. For this purpose, for example, on the EP 1 017 554 B1 directed.

Fig. 1 shows a basic principle of the device according to the invention. In this case, a container 1 is provided, which is for receiving coarse concrete 2 or core concrete is used, which is deliverable via a closure member 3 to a arranged under the container 1 mold 4.

After filling with rough concrete 2, the mold 4 is supplied in a known manner a vibrating and / or pressing station 5. By shaking and / or pressing in the pressing station 5 of the rough concrete 2 is compressed. The case created above the compacted coarse concrete 2 space in the mold 4 serves to accommodate colored concrete 6 or concrete mortar. The concrete 6 or the concrete mortar is also referred to as facing concrete or facing concrete mortar.

How out Fig. 1 it can be seen, the colored concrete 6 is stored in a reservoir 7 to form the facing layer. It is provided that in the reservoir 7 and in a receiving space 8 of the reservoir 7 a plurality of layers 9,10,11,12 and 13 are stored by differently colored concrete, which are used together to form facing layers for paving stones. The layers 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 rest on top of each other on a bottom 14 of the receiving space 8. The reservoir 7 has below the bottom 14 of the receiving space on a cylinder or funnel-shaped extension 7a, which to a dispenser 15 with a Closing member 16 leads. The closure member 16 closes the lower end of the reservoir 7. The closure member 16 serves to control a quantitative, portionwise delivery of colored concrete mortar from the reservoir 7 in the mold 4. The closure member 16 may be the lower end of the reservoir 7 in any manner open and close, for example, by a displacement or pivoting of the closure member.

In an embodiment not shown can also be provided that in Fig. 1 shown funnel-shaped extension 7a of the reservoir 7 is a reservoir independent of the reservoir 7, in particular in the way they are in conventional devices for the manufacture of concrete blocks in use. Thus, it is possible that the storage container 7 according to the invention can be used for retrofitting in existing devices for producing concrete blocks. For this purpose, the reservoir 7 according to the invention can be placed as an attachment at the upper end of the previous reservoir 7 and connected thereto. Thus, existing devices for producing concrete blocks can be retrofitted or upgraded with the inventive solution with relatively little effort.

Furthermore, as can be seen in particular from the FIGS. 1 to 6 is one of the side walls 17, which surround the receiving space 8 and form and limit, provided with a plurality of discharge openings 18. The dispensing opening 18 serves for dispensing a subset of the layers 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13, wherein the passage size of the dispensing openings 18 can be changed by dispensing means 19.

The side wall 17 provided with the discharge openings 18 is inclined with respect to a vertical plane. The inclination is by an in FIG. 2 only schematically illustrated adjusting device 20, which may be, for example, a crank or an electric motor, changeable. In order to change the inclination of the side wall 17, a guide means 21 is further provided, which makes it possible that by an actuation of the adjusting device 20, the inclination of the side wall 17 can be increased or decreased.

As can be seen in particular from the FIGS. 1 and 5 is obtained, is achieved by the tendency that when two superimposed layers 9,10,11,12 and 13 each of the upper layer adjacent to the side wall 17 forms over the lower layer horizontally projecting overhang.

The discharge opening 18 is arranged in the side wall 17 so that it regardless of the inclination of the side wall 17 reaches each layer 9,10,11,12 and 13 or allows that can precipitate concrete from each layer.

In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the discharge openings 18 extend vertically or vertically in the side wall 17 or are introduced vertically into the side wall 17. The discharge openings 18 in the exemplary embodiment run parallel to one another in the exemplary embodiment.

The side wall 17 is, as in particular from a synopsis of FIGS. 1 . 2 and 4 results, formed such that pockets 22 are formed, which are filled by the discharge openings 18 with subsets of concrete from the layers 9,10,11,12, and 13. In these pockets 22, the concrete 6 can fall downwards due to gravity in the direction of the dispensing device 15 or the closure member 16.

The pockets 22 are formed in a simple manner in that the side wall 17 has two walls 17a, 17b. In this case, the wall 17a is the front side of the side wall 17 and is aligned in the direction of the receiving space 8 or adjacent to this. The wall 17 a is provided with the discharge openings 18. Behind the wall 17a, ie on the side facing away from the receiving space 8 side, there is the wall 17b, which is preferably completely closed and thus as a closed Rear wall prevents the incident through the discharge openings 18 concrete 6 can escape in an undesired direction. Between the wall 17a and 17b stabilizing plates 17c are arranged. The stabilizing plates 17c may extend over the entire height of the walls 17a, 17b. In an advantageous embodiment, however, it is sufficient if the stabilizing plates 17c extend over only a portion of the height or, if appropriate, a plurality of stabilizing plates 17c are arranged one above the other and next to one another.

The dispensing means 19 may be formed in any manner, preferably as swords, drawers, slides, hinges or the like. In the exemplary embodiment it is provided that the output means 19 are formed in a slot 23, which has passage openings 24, wherein the slotted guide 23 is displaceable to the provided with the discharge openings 18 side wall 17, that the passage size of the outlet openings 18 by their coverage with the Passage openings 24 of the gate 23 results.

In this embodiment, the fixed webs or swords between the passage openings 24 of the link 23 are the output means 19, the output openings 18 completely close in a corresponding position of the link 23 or ensure by a corresponding displacement that the discharge openings 18 with the Passage openings 24 of the gate 23 cover.

The gate 23 is in the embodiment in front of the wall 17 a of the side wall 17, that is arranged between the wall 17 a and the receiving space 8. The gate 23 extends substantially plane-parallel to the wall 17 a. In principle, the arrangement of the link 23 can also be done otherwise, for example at the back of the wall 17a, whereby the pressure of the concrete contained in the receiving space 8 does not obstruct a plane-parallel displacement of the link 23 to the wall 17a or less. In the exemplary embodiment, however, it is provided that the slide 23 is arranged displaceably on the front side of the wall 17a. By a displacement of the link 23, the overlap between the discharge openings 18 in the wall 17a and the side wall 17 and the passage openings 24 in the link 23 changes.

In the Fig. 3 is a plan view of the receiving space 8 facing side of the gate 23, wherein the output means 19, ie the webs between the passage openings 24 of the link 23, the discharge openings 18 partially obscure.

The movement of the link 23 relative to the wall 17a can be done in any manner, in the embodiment, an electric motor 25 is provided for this purpose, the in Fig. 2 is shown. In the sectional view according to Fig. 4 In addition, an actuating lever 26 is shown, the extension 27 is connected to the gate 23 so that it is plane-parallel to the wall 17 a movable.

As further out Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 results, the output means 19, ie the webs of the link 23, provided with the layers 9,10,11,12 and 13 aligned pins 28, thorns or the like to the layers 9,10,11,12 and 13 in the area the dispensing means 19 aufzulockern so that the concrete 6 can fall loose through the discharge openings 18 and clumping can be avoided. In the Figures 2 and 3 only a series of pens are shown. However, it is advantageous if at least one pin 28 is provided on each layer 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 and for each discharge opening 18.

In the FIGS. 7a and 7b Two alternatives to the design of the output means 19 are shown. According to the FIGS. 7a and 7b the output means are formed as rotatable shafts 19 ', which change the passage size of the discharge openings 18 as a function of the rotation. In the FIGS. 7a and 7b is only a section of the side wall 17 and the wall 17a shown with an output port 18 in which the rotatable shafts 19 'are arranged. The shafts 19 'in this case have means 29 to promote subsets of the layers through the discharge opening 18. The means are formed in the embodiment as thickenings 29, but it could also be at the funds to wings, perimeter enlargements, projections, blades, pins and the like. Due to the thickenings 29, in addition to the independent precipitation of concrete 6 through the discharge opening 18, an active outward movement of the concrete 6 from the receiving space 8 to be achieved, for example, as is the case with pumps.

Fig. 7b shows an array of two shafts 19 'per output port 18, which work together in interlocking. It shows Fig. 8a a position, as in Fig. 7b is shown, in which the shafts 19 'engage in such a way that the thickenings 29 completely or approximately completely close the dispensing opening 18. Fig. 8b shows a 90 degree twisted arrangement of the shafts 19 ', whereby it is achieved that the discharge port 18 has its maximum passage size.

The shafts 19 'may be formed of plastic, rubber or metal, for example.

In a manner not shown can be provided that the provided with the discharge openings 18 side wall 17 and / or an opposite side wall 30 is movable to increase the distance between the side walls 17 and 30 and to reduce.

Furthermore, as in Fig. 1 is shown in principle, means 31, for example in the form of baffles, be provided to fill the receiving space 8 with the most uniform layers 9,10,11,12 and 13 from the different colored concrete. The baffles 31 are arranged in the embodiment above the receiving space.

The receiving space 8 may have any desired configuration. It can be provided, for example, that the receiving space 8 increases in a substantially funnel-shaped manner upwards. The receiving space 8 may have, for example, a size of 1 to 4 m ³ , preferably 1 to 3 m ³ .

As further out Fig. 2 as well as the FIGS. 5 and 6 results, the bottom 14 of the receiving space 8 is formed as a slide or drawing sheet. The slider 14 is mounted transversely displaceable in the embodiment, so that an opening slot 32 between the slider 14 and the outer walls 17, 30 of the receiving space is formed by a longitudinal movement of the slider 14. Due to this opening slit 32, sections of the layers 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 may fall down due to gravity. Fig. 5 shows a representation in which the slider 14 is closed, that is, the bottom is closed in the receiving space 8. Fig. 6 shows a representation in which the opening slit 32 already occupies a third of the original floor, so that the sections or columns of the layers 9,10,11,12 and 13 may crash and thereby mix.

The opening and closing of the slide 14 can be done in any known manner. For this purpose and with regard to the general structure and the function of the slide 14 is based on the prior art, in particular the EP 1 017 554 B1 , referenced. Optionally, in the fall of the concrete from the slide 14 and / or the discharge openings 18 and a baffle body, a prism or baffle according to the EP 1 017 554 B1 be provided.

Usually, the slider is designed as a flat or flat plate, preferably made of metal. Fig. 2 shows a possibility for displacement of the slider 14. In this case, a support frame 33 is provided, which carries the reservoir 7. The support frame 33 is extended so far in a horizontal plane that the slider 14 can be moved via an electric motor 34 so that the opening slot 32 opens and closes.

The slider 14 does not extend in the embodiment to below the pockets 22, so these are basically open. In an alternative embodiment, however, the pockets can also be closed by the slider 14 or a separate element.

Fig. 9 shows a plan view of the slider 14 in a specific embodiment from above. The slider 14 in this case has a triangular-like incision, which in the closed state of the slider 14 is closed by a prismatic or cone-shaped, also upwardly extending projection 35. Due to the conical projection 35 more material from upper layers 10,11,12 and 13 slips when opening the slider 14 (due to the rising slope of the conical projection 35) as would be the case with a conventional slider 14. This can be advantageous for certain applications.

Also independent of the solution according to the invention, a use of a slide according to offers for certain applications Fig. 9 , For example, in the device according to the EP 1 017 554 B1 , at.

Fig. 10 shows a further embodiment of the solution according to the invention, it is provided that the provided with the discharge openings 18 side wall 17 is formed as an inner wall in the receiving space 8. The side wall 17 is designed conical and tapers from the bottom 14 of the receiving space 8 upwards. In turn, a kind of slotted guide 23 is provided which has bar-shaped dispensing means 19 and passage openings 24. In this embodiment, the link element 23 is adapted to the side wall 17 and therefore also designed conical or substantially conical. By a rotation of the gate 23 to the side wall 17 and to its discharge openings 18, the overlap of the discharge openings 18 with the passage openings 24, so that the passage size of the discharge openings 18 changed, if necessary, can be fully opened or closed.

The opening of the bottom or of the slider 14 can take place in a known manner, wherein the conical inner or side wall 17 according to FIG Fig. 10 For example, can be connected via a support frame on outer side walls of the receiving space 8.

Another advantageous detail, especially for in the FIGS. 1 to 8 illustrated embodiments, is an extension plate 36, which, for example, in the Figures 2 . 5 and 6 is apparent. In order to easily tilt the side wall 17, a bearing 37 is provided around which the wall 17b of the side wall 17 is rotatable to incline the side wall 17. As the axis of rotation 37 in the embodiment associated with the wall 17b, the distance between the underside of the wall 17a and the slider 14 changes during rotation or pivoting about the axis of rotation 37, so that it may be feared that concrete 6 penetrates through the resulting gap. For this purpose, the extension plate 36 is provided, which via an operating element 38 (in Fig. 2 shown) can be extended or retracted as needed on the underside of the wall 17b, to compensate for a resulting gap caused by the pivoting.

Alternatively, the axis of rotation 37 may also be associated with the wall 17a.

The basic principle of the device according to the invention and of the method according to the invention results from a synopsis of FIGS. 1 . 2 . 5 and 6 , For applying a facing layer of colored concrete to form a top of a paving stone is provided that the colored concrete from the reservoir 7 is introduced into the mold 4. The attachment layer is formed by the differently colored layers 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13. The layers are stored stacked in the storage container 7 and can be introduced there in any manner, preferably using the baffle 31. As is apparent from Fig. 5 results, at least a first subset of the layers 9,10,11,12 and 13 issued by the reservoir 7, characterized in that the discharge openings 18 are opened in the side wall 17. Thus, a first subset of the layers 9,10,11,12 and 13 drops well mixed on the closure member 16 of the dispensing unit 15. After a first subset has been well mixed with the closure member 16 is fed, can by clocking opening and closing of the discharge openings 18 through the Output means 19, the process can be repeated. As soon as desired or no longer sufficient material adjacent to the provided with the discharge openings 18 side wall 17, the slider 14, as in Fig. 6 is shown, preferably continuously or stepwise opened, so that portions of the layers 9,10,11,12 and 13 break off and fall down.

It is the basic idea of the invention that after the method and with the device arbitrary stone body made of concrete materials, for example except paving and bricks and plates, split bricks, facing bricks or the like with a colored, in particular marbled or a colormix facing layer of concrete material providable are.

With the solution according to the invention can be produced by a suitable control of the slider 14 and / or the discharge openings and concrete blocks with a stripe look.

It is also possible to use the method and the device in solid bodies of any kind and shape formed entirely of colored concrete materials. Furthermore, it may also be provided to dispense not only a subset but the entire contents of the receiving space 8 through the dispensing openings 18.

In a particularly simple embodiment, the dispensing means 18 for opening and closing can also be dispensed with or the dispensing means 19 can keep the passage size of the dispensing openings constant. This also improves compared to the prior art, the mixing. However, it does not provide such a favorable result as if the dispensing means provide for opening and closing the dispensing openings. However, this variant should also be included in the invention.

Claims (15)

1. A device for producing concrete blocks, in particular paving stones, building blocks or the like, with a storage container (7) forming a receiving space for a plurality of layers of different-colored concrete, dispensing means (19) being provided in order to dispense partial amounts of the layers (9, 10, 11, 12, 13) from the receiving space (8) in such a way that a downstream release device (15) receives a mixture of the layers (9, 10, 11, 12, 13) of different-colored concrete, and the floor of the receiving space (8) being embodied as a slide (14) or as a drawing sheet, characterized in that at least a partial portion of a side wall (17) of the receiving space (8) is provided with at least one dispensing opening (18) for dispensing a partial amount of the layers (9, 10, 11, 12, 13).
2. The device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the size of passage of the dispensing opening (18) is variable by the dispensing means (19).
3. The device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the dispensing means (19) open and close the dispensing opening (18) cyclically in order to dispense a partial amount of the layers (9, 10, 11, 12, 13) during the opening cycle.
4. The device as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the side wall (17) provided with the at least one dispensing opening (18) is inclined in relation to a vertical plane.
5. The device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least one dispensing opening (18) runs substantially horizontally or vertically in the side wall (17).
6. The device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the side wall (17) is provided with a plurality of dispensing openings (18) running substantially parallel to one another.
7. The device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the dispensing openings (18) form pockets (22) through which gravity causes the layers (9, 10, 11, 12, 13) to fall downward.
8. The device as claimed in one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the dispensing means (19) are embodied as swords, drawing sheets, slides, hinges or the like.
9. The device as claimed in one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the dispensing means (19) are connected to one another and jointly movable, and the dispensing means (19) are embodied in a connecting link (23) having passage openings (24), the connecting link (23) being adjustable or displaceable to the side wall (17) provided with the dispensing openings (18) in such a way that the size of passage of the dispensing openings (18) results from the overlap thereof with the passage openings (24) of the connecting link (23).
10. The device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the slide (14) is transversely movable, thus allowing the formation between side walls (17, 30) and the slide (14) of a variable opening slot (32) through which gravity causes partial portions of the layers (9, 10, 11, 12, 13) to fall downward.
11. A storage container with a receiving space (8) for a plurality of layers (9, 10, 11, 12, 13) of different-colored concrete (6) for use in a device for producing concrete blocks, in particular paving stones, building blocks or the like, characterized by one of claims 1 to 10.
12. A method for producing concrete blocks, in particular paving stones, building blocks or the like, with an upper side made up of a facing layer of colored concrete, the colored concrete being introduced from a storage container (7) into a mold (4), the concrete forming the facing layer being formed by various dyed layers (9, 10, 11, 12, 13) of concrete which are stored layered one over another in the storage container (7), gravity causing the layers to fall downward in partial portions through a variable opening slot (32) in the floor of the storage container (7), characterized in that at least a first partial amount of the layers (9, 10, 11, 12, 13) is dispensed from the storage container (7) as a result of the fact that at least one dispensing opening (18) is opened in at least a partial portion of a side wall (17) of the receiving space (8).
13. The method as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that the at least one dispensing opening (18) in the side wall (17) is opened in such a way that, from each layer (9, 10, 11, 12, 13) of different-colored concrete (6), a substantial uniform or desired amount falls through the dispensing opening (18).
14. The method as claimed in one of claims 12 or 13, characterized in that the at least one dispensing opening (18) opens in such a way that the opening extends substantially in the vertical direction in the side wall (17), so that, from each layer (9, 10, 11, 12, 13) of different-colored concrete (6), a partial amount falls into the dispensing opening (18) irrespective of the lower layer in any given case.
15. The method as claimed in one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the side wall (17) provided with the at least one dispensing opening (18) is inclined or can be inclined in such a way that, in the case of two layers (9, 10, 11, 12, 13) positioned one on top of the other, in each case the upper layer (10) adjoining the side wall (17) forms an overhang protruding horizontal beyond the lower layer (9).

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