EP2236904B1 - Procédé de déchargement et de stockage de gaz naturel liquéfié dans un terminal méthanier sans évaporation de gaz. - Google Patents

Procédé de déchargement et de stockage de gaz naturel liquéfié dans un terminal méthanier sans évaporation de gaz. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2236904B1
EP2236904B1 EP20100156097 EP10156097A EP2236904B1 EP 2236904 B1 EP2236904 B1 EP 2236904B1 EP 20100156097 EP20100156097 EP 20100156097 EP 10156097 A EP10156097 A EP 10156097A EP 2236904 B1 EP2236904 B1 EP 2236904B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lng
bog
pressure
storage tank
storage
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Not-in-force
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EP20100156097
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP2236904A1 (fr
Inventor
Olivier Barrès
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Engie SA
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GDF Suez SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F17C9/04—Recovery of thermal energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F17C2205/0364—Pipes flexible or articulated, e.g. a hose
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F17C2205/0367—Arrangements in parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F17C2223/047—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2225/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
    • F17C2225/047—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid with a dip tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
    • F17C2227/0178—Arrangement in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/035—Dealing with losses of fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/02—Mixing fluids
    • F17C2265/022—Mixing fluids identical fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/038—Treating the boil-off by recovery with expanding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
    • F17C2270/0136—Terminals

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of liquefied natural gas storage, or LNG, and more particularly concerns the unloading phases of LNG tankers to LNG LNG receiving and storage terminals.
  • Natural gas or NG
  • Natural gas is transported either by land, via pipelines, or by sea.
  • natural gas At ambient temperature and pressure, natural gas has a very low density, so to transport it by sea under economically viable conditions, it is necessary to increase its density considerably.
  • the most common method is to transport the gas in the liquid state, which state is maintained by maintaining the gas at a temperature of about -161 ° C and near atmospheric pressure. Under these conditions, natural gas has a density about six hundred times greater than at ambient temperature and pressure.
  • the LNG carrier transports the LNG, from a liquefaction plant close to its extraction site, to a receiving LNG terminal, a buffer storage area that then sends the natural gas, after regasification, into a transport network.
  • the LNG terminals are located either on land or at sea, they are respectively on-shore or off-shore terminals.
  • An LNG terminal has four main functions: ship unloading, LNG storage, regasification, and transmission on the transmission system.
  • the storage capacity of a receiving terminal is generally sized to ensure the transmission continuity on the transmission network between two deliveries of LNG so that there is no interruption of delivery of GN in the event of a failure. supply. It depends on the capacity and the number of tanks that the terminal is equipped with.
  • the figure 1 shows a conventional installation of a LNG receiving terminal, when the unloading of an LNG carrier is in progress (flow rates, pressures, temperatures are given as an indication).
  • This comprises a storage tank 1 (a single tank is shown in all the accompanying figures, but it is understood that an installation may comprise several storage tanks, the operating principle remaining the same).
  • the tank 1 in the example of a capacity of approximately 350 000 m 3 , is supplied with LNG from a LNG tanker 2 via pumps 3, one or more lines 4.
  • the LNG pressure at the outlet pumps 3 is about 9 bar a . It is conveyed via line 4 to the tank 1 in which it is stored under conditions close to those of the LNG carrier, that is to say at the near-atmospheric pressure and at a temperature of about -161 ° C. .
  • This quantity of gas is evacuated to maintain a constant pressure inside the tank 1. This evacuation takes place via a duct 6.
  • the quantity of BOG evacuated via this pipe 6 is separated into two parts: a first part is directed to the LNG tanker 2 via a return line 71, at a volume flow rate equivalent to the unloading flow rate, or in example 10 000 m 3 / h. This return flow equivalent to the unloading rate of the vessel is necessary to maintain a constant pressure in the tanks thereof.
  • the second part of the amount of BOG (equivalent in the example to 11 000 m 3 / h) discharged from the tank 1 is, conventionally, recovered via a pipe 72 to be recondensed and reintroduced into the LNG circuit.
  • the reincorporation of this fraction of the total amount of BOG is done by means of a compressor 8, and a recondenser 9.
  • the recondenser 9 has a second input 92 and an output 93 connected in shunt to the line 10. It is necessary that the LNG entering the recondenser 9 by the second input is at a pressure equivalent to the pressure of the BOG entering the recondenser 9 by the first input 91.
  • the tank 1 there is disposed between the tank 1 and the second inlet 92 of the recondenser relaxation equipment 11.
  • the expansion system is positioned on the pipe 10, before the connection to Alternatively, the expansion equipment may be disposed on the branch branch which connects the pipe 10 to the second inlet 92 of the recondenser 9.
  • the LNG which is discharged at the outlet 93 of the recondenser feeds Line 10.
  • the recondensed LNG is thus directed with the LNG directly from the storage tank 1, via a pump 12, to a regasification unit. on 13.
  • the LNG is drawn into the tank 1 via a pump 14 and at an absolute pressure of about 9 bar a .
  • the LNG is at an absolute pressure of about 7 bar a , and a flow rate of about 1300 m 3 / h.
  • About half of the amount of LNG drawn into the storage tank 1 is directed to the second inlet 92 of the recondenser 9 (in the example about 650 m 3 / h), while the remaining amount (about 650 m 3 / h) is directed directly to the pump 12, before which it will be mixed with the amount of LNG leaving the recondenser 9.
  • the flow outgoing recondenser is about 700 m 3 / h, since it is the sum of the quantities from its two inputs 91 and 92.
  • the flow rate entering the pump 12 is therefore about 1350 m 3 / h at a pressure of 7 bar a and a temperature of -161 ° C.
  • the outflow of the pump is equivalent, but at a pressure of 80 bar and a temperature of -161 ° C.
  • gas is obtained at a temperature of 5 ° C. and an absolute pressure of 80 bar a .
  • the figure 2 shows the same facility, when not in the process of unloading a vessel. There is therefore a flow entering the reservoir 1 (via the pipe 4) which is zero. In the tank itself, the evaporation of gas, so the amount of BOG evacuated is less important than during unloading, because there is no piston effect. The amount of BOG evacuated via line 6 is therefore much less important, in the example of the figure 2 of 11,000 m 3 / h. This quantity is entirely directed towards the pipe 72, since it is no longer necessary here to make a return of BOG towards the ship. The flow rate entering the compressor 8 is therefore 11 000 m 3 / h which is equivalent to the inflow of the example of the figure 1 . Other flows remain the same between figures 2 and 1 .
  • BOG management is a known problem in all existing receiving terminals.
  • the state of the art also includes a very large number of documents dealing with the reprocessing of the BOG (recondensation, liquefaction, etc.).
  • the expansion means comprise an expansion device disposed on a drain pipe of the BOG.
  • the fraction of BOG that is not reinjected into the LNG carrier is partially or totally recondensed, in order to be reincorporated with the LNG emitted from the storage tank.
  • the fraction of BOG to be recondensed is recondensed by passage in compression means and in recondensation means.
  • a part of the BOG which is not reinjected into the LNG carrier is used for the supply of machines equipping the receiving terminal.
  • the method is implemented within a receiving terminal which is either off-shore or on-shore.
  • a LNG tanker 32 is in the process of unloading its tanks containing LNG at an initial pressure Pi which is a quasi-atmospheric pressure and at a temperature of approximately -161 ° C.
  • This quantity of LNG is extracted at a flow rate of about 10,000 m 3 / h by one or more pumps 33, at an absolute pressure of about 9 bar a .
  • One or more pipes 34 allows (tent) to feed a storage tank 31 with the LNG from the LNG carrier 32.
  • the pressure of the LNG rejected by the pipe 34 into the storage tank 1, or storage pressure Ps is at least 200 millibars greater than the pressure of the LNG contained in the tanks of the LNG carrier 32, or initial pressure Pi.
  • This storage pressure Ps is maintained by a pressure regulation system of BOG, for example one or several valves.
  • the pressure Ps in the storage tank 31 is equal to 1.5 bar a .
  • this pressure difference makes it possible to place the storage tank 31 under conditions in which the evacuation of the BOG is due solely to the "piston effect" explained above.
  • the evaporation at the free surface of the LNG due to external heat input to the tank is totally absent.
  • the storage pressure is increased, the equilibrium temperature of the LNG is increased (the LNG is then in a so-called "sub-cooled” state), the evaporations are blocked during the time of return to equilibrium.
  • the contributions of various energy (thermal, mechanical, etc.) that receives the LNG stored in the tank have the sole effect of increasing its temperature (which grows very slowly from -161 ° C to the equilibrium temperature) , without generating evaporation.
  • the rate of warming of the LNG is slow enough to block any evaporation between ship unloadings, typically between several days and ten days.
  • the difference between the storage temperature and the equilibrium temperature of the LNG exceeds 5 ° C. In the example, these temperatures are respectively -161 ° C and -155 ° C. In this example, any evaporation is blocked for more than 6 days.
  • the holding time of the LNG without evaporation can be lengthened by increasing the difference between the storage pressure Ps and the initial pressure Pi.
  • the difference between these two pressures will be less than 3.5 bars.
  • the amount of BOG evacuated from the tank 31 is 10,000 m 3 / h at the absolute pressure of 1.5 bar a , which corresponds, after passage via a pipe 36 and a set of valve and expansion equipment 361, to 13 600 m 3 / h at atmospheric pressure.
  • a fraction is redirected to the LNG carrier, via a return line 371, at a flow rate of 10,000 m 3 / h.
  • the presence of the set of valves and expansion equipment 361 is essential so that the return flow into the LNG carrier is at the same pressure as that prevailing in the tanks of the latter.
  • the remaining fraction ie 3600 m 3 / h at a temperature of -100 ° C., is directed via a pipe 372 to a compressor 38 and a recondenser 39. At the outlet of this compressor, a gas flow rate of 1 is obtained. 000 m 3 / h at about 30 ° C and 7 bar a .
  • the operation of elements retreating the BOG is also identical in the example to the installation of the figure 2 , with the exception of differences in size and capacity of the different elements.
  • This operation is of course identical (with flow rates close) for figures 3 and 4 .
  • the LNG is thus removed from the storage tank 31 via a pipe 310 and a pump 314, at an absolute pressure of about 9 bar a .
  • the LNG passes for part in the recondenser 39, via a second input 392, the first input 391 being connected to the output of the compressor 38.
  • the output 393 of the recondenser 39 is connected to the pipe 310, which is directed to a pump 312 and a regasification unit 313 to the transport network.
  • the required capacity of the compressor 38 is also greatly reduced and thus its operating cost as well. So, in the example of figures 3 and 4 , the required power of the compressor is approximately 0.6 Megawatts, whereas, for the same LNG flow leaving the LNG carrier, the power required in the case of figures 1 and 2 is 5 megawatts.
  • the invention finds a very advantageous application in off-shore terminals because of the space and energy saving necessary for the operation mentioned above. But the invention is also very advantageous for on-shore terminals.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP20100156097 2009-04-03 2010-03-10 Procédé de déchargement et de stockage de gaz naturel liquéfié dans un terminal méthanier sans évaporation de gaz. Not-in-force EP2236904B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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PL10156097T PL2236904T3 (pl) 2009-04-03 2010-03-10 Sposób wyładunku i magazynowania skroplonego gazu ziemnego w terminalu gazowym bez parowania gazu

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FR0952220A FR2944088B1 (fr) 2009-04-03 2009-04-03 Procede de dechargement et de stockage de gaz naturel liquefie dans un terminal methanier sans evaporation de gaz.

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EP2236904A1 EP2236904A1 (fr) 2010-10-06
EP2236904B1 true EP2236904B1 (fr) 2015-05-13

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EP (1) EP2236904B1 (pl)
DK (1) DK2236904T3 (pl)
ES (1) ES2544878T3 (pl)
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CN105674054A (zh) * 2014-11-17 2016-06-15 罗纳德·格兰特·肖莫迪 用以保存资源并减少排放的废气的处理和运输
FR3090811B1 (fr) * 2018-12-19 2021-01-08 Naval Group Ensemble pour le remplissage d'un réservoir d'oxygène liquide d'un sous-marin et procédé de remplissage associé
FR3097614B1 (fr) * 2019-06-21 2021-05-28 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Dispositif de transfert d’un fluide d’une cuve d’alimentation à une cuve réceptrice

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EP1690052A4 (en) * 2003-11-03 2012-08-08 Fluor Tech Corp LNG STEAM LINE CONFIGURATIONS AND METHODS
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Publication number Publication date
PL2236904T3 (pl) 2015-12-31
FR2944088B1 (fr) 2013-04-19
FR2944088A1 (fr) 2010-10-08
ES2544878T3 (es) 2015-09-04
EP2236904A1 (fr) 2010-10-06
DK2236904T3 (en) 2015-08-17

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