EP2225055B1 - Apparatus and process for forming profiles with a variable height by means of cold rolling - Google Patents
Apparatus and process for forming profiles with a variable height by means of cold rolling Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2225055B1 EP2225055B1 EP08860452A EP08860452A EP2225055B1 EP 2225055 B1 EP2225055 B1 EP 2225055B1 EP 08860452 A EP08860452 A EP 08860452A EP 08860452 A EP08860452 A EP 08860452A EP 2225055 B1 EP2225055 B1 EP 2225055B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sheet
- metal strip
- freedom
- profile
- stand
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
- B21D5/06—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles
- B21D5/08—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles making use of forming-rollers
- B21D5/083—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles making use of forming-rollers for obtaining profiles with changing cross-sectional configuration
Definitions
- the invention relates generally to a device and a method for cold rolling profiling of variable height profiles, and more particularly to an apparatus and a method according to the preambles of claims 1 and 9.
- V- or U-profiles are often used, for example, to stiffen the body, as a carrier or axles.
- These profiles often have a non-constant height or depth, and of course they do not have to be symmetrical. Examples of profiles with varying heights or depths are in the FIGS. 1A to 4C in which the FIGS. 1A to 1C show different views of a U-profile with lowering 1, the FIGS. 2A to 2C show different views of a U-profile with boost 2, the FIGS. 3A to 3C show different views of a U-profile with lowering and raising and constant leg height, and the FIGS. 4A to 4C show different views of a V-profile with lowering 1.
- the U-profiles shown therein have a constant width.
- the V-profile of Fig. 4C has a variable height and a variable width 33.
- the object of the invention is to provide a device or a method with which or cost profiles can be produced, viewed over the length have a cross-section with variable height, the range of motion in each degree of freedom can be particularly small and the control can be very easy.
- the invention is not limited to profiles of constant width and / or on V or U-profiles, especially since these can be advantageously used in conjunction with various symmetrical and asymmetric profiles of constant and variable width.
- FIG. 5 Now is a perspective view of a Inventive device for cold rolling profiling of profiles with variable height described.
- variable height is to be understood in the context of the application as meaning that the height of the profile varies as viewed along the longitudinal direction.
- the profile is also manufactured in such a way that the bottom of the finished profile does not run in one plane through the cold rolling profiling line, but the floor is lowered or raised.
- the profile of the FIGS. 3A to 3C a height-variable profile.
- the profile can of course also be made upside down.
- the apparatus for cold rolling profiling comprises a unit (not shown) for cutting the sheet metal strip in width with, for example, laser beam, plasma, water jet, with rotatable and linear moving pairs of cutting rollers, Schnellstanz wisdom, nibblers or shears with short cutting length, the trimming also take place at the end can; a drive unit designated by reference numeral 7; a lowering / lifting unit designated by reference numeral 8; and a forming unit 9.
- the flange ( - ) can be produced in a subsequent forming process.
- the station or stations use a combination of fixed and moving rollers.
- the side flanges are made with fixed rollers.
- the support on the ground is expediently carried out with pairs of rollers, which are also to move with two degrees of freedom.
- the drive unit 7 comprises at least one stand 10 for driving the sheet-metal strip and at least one motorized gear 11, which drives corresponding rolls of the stand 10 via shafts 28.
- two scaffolds are shown, however, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the number of scaffolds can be increased or decreased as needed.
- the upstream of the lowering / lifting unit 8 arranged drive unit 7 has the function to prevent a possible lowering / raising a train from the rear and the change in length of the Align sheet metal strip in the lowering / lifting unit 8.
- FIGS. 6A to 6D show various possible embodiments of the lowering / lifting unit 8 of Fig. 5 , According to the invention, it is not absolutely necessary to provide the lowering / lifting unit 8, since the variable height profiles can be formed exclusively by using the forming unit 9. If the lowering / lifting unit 8 is used according to the invention, it offers certain advantages in connection with the forming unit 9 if deeper profiles of variable depth are to be formed and / or if the length of the forming unit 9 is to be limited.
- the lowering / lifting unit 8 can assume different configurations in order to realize a depression in the sheet metal strip to be profiled in such a way that the lowering or raising of the floor before the actual profiling is already introduced into the sheet metal strip.
- 3-roll bending machines 12 is in the Fig. 6A 4 or 6 roller benders may be used, as will be understood by those skilled in the art.
- the trough can be formed into the sheet metal strip by the arrangement of the roller pairs of the roll bending machines which are raised and lowered. But it can also be used three pairs of cylindrical rollers, which are raised and lowered to form the tape convex and concave before.
- the design of the Fig. 6B is designed as a hydraulic press 13 with a suitable tool for lowering, so that a trough can be preformed in the sheet metal strip.
- This embodiment corresponds to that in the Fig. 5 shown unit 8.
- the design of the Fig. 6C is formed as a pair of hydraulic presses 14 and 15 with a suitable tool for lowering or raising, so that a trough and an increase in the sheet metal strip can be preformed.
- the design of the Fig. 6D is designed as a press 16 with rotating tool for lowering and lifting, preferably servo-hydraulic, to lower or raise the sheet metal strip with the press.
- the forming unit 9 is composed of a plurality of Verstellgerüsten 17 whose rollers (rollers) are driven by a respective motor 18 via a corresponding shaft 28.
- the motorizations of the first three adjusting stands are shown in FIG. 5A.
- Fig. 7A an adjustment frame 17 for the parallel kinematics, which is preferably designed as a bi-pod or duopod.
- the Duopod is more detailed in the German patent application DE 10 2007 011 849 A1 , the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- the duopod allows two degrees of freedom through a translatory and a rotational movement.
- the translational degree of freedom is achieved by moving a roller stand (roll stand) 19 with a base plate 20 carrying two axially parallel rollers 22, between which an elongated gap exists, through which the sheet metal strip of length X is guided by rectified actuation of two push rods 21 ,
- the translational movement takes place in the in Fig. 7A shown Z-direction.
- the rotary degree of freedom is realized by counteracted actuation of the two push rods 21, so that the roller stand 19 is rotated about the axis of rotation of the base plate 20, wherein the gap between the rollers 19 remains stationary.
- This axis of rotation is called the axis of rotation of the roll stand below.
- the axis of rotation of the roller stand 19 axis parallel between two rollers 22
- the inventive arrangement described, the translational degree of freedom and the rotational degree of freedom are decoupled from each other.
- rollers 22 can be pivoted together about the axis of rotation of the roller stand 19, so that the rollers 22 are moved tangentially to the surface of the sheet metal strip. Therefore, in this mode of operation of the bi-pod or duopod 17, an unwanted collision between the rollers 22 and the surface of the sheet-metal strip is avoided.
- the forces resulting from a collision in order to press more vigorously on the surface of the sheet metal strip, so that an additional reduction or increase is achieved.
- Control of the Bi-Pod or Duopod 17 can be achieved by using a COPRA Adaptive Motion control from the home of the applicant done.
- COPRA Adaptive Motion control from the home of the applicant done.
- the adjustment frame 17 of Fig. 5 or 7A can be replaced by an adjustment stand 17 'for the parallel kinematics, which also profiles with variable height and variable width can be made both U- and V-profile.
- Such a Verstellgerüst 17 ' is in the Fig. 7B in which deviates from the Fig. 7A the push rods 21 are replaced by a pair of guides 23 which sit on a common plate. Thereby, the base plate 20 of the rollers 22 can be pivoted at an adjustable angle in the YZ plane.
- the mechanism for adjusting the angle for the guides 23 is indicated schematically by reference numeral 24 in FIG Fig. 7B and requires no further explanation for the expert.
- the position of the base plate 20 can be adjusted along a circular arc 25, whereby a further degree of freedom is achieved, so that it, for example, as in connection with the Fig. 8 explained, it is possible to align the axes of the rollers 22 parallel to the Y direction despite the inclination of the guides holding the guides 23.
- the adjusting stands 17 and 17 ' can be operated to produce profiles of variable height and constant width or profiles of variable height and variable width.
- the inclination of the guides 23 holding plate is adjusted vertically, so that the adjusting frames 17 'act similar to the adjusting frames 17.
- the inclination of the plate holding the guides 23 must be adjusted independently for each pair of bending stations to follow the angle of inclination of the edges of the strip. This means that the inclination of the plate 23 holding the guides should follow the changing angle of inclination of the edge to be bent for each bending station pair. It is understood that in the case of profiles with variable height and variable width, the inclination is less than 90 °. According to the invention, the adjustment of the inclination of the guides 23 holding plate is carried out either in exact accordance with the inclination angle of the edge to be bent or by the inclination of this plate in addition, taking into account the centric stretch, as in connection with the FIGS. 9E to 9H explained, corrected.
- variable width of the profile is achieved at each bending station pair by the method of the base plate 20 on the inclined guides 23, so that the distance between the roller pairs 22 to the central longitudinal axis of the sheet metal strip (its longitudinal center line in the Blechbandreacardi) changed. At the same time, the variable depth is produced by this movement of the roller pairs 22.
- the control is analogous to that of the Verstellgerüstes 17, wherein the translational movement takes place in the Z direction and the rotational movement is also implemented by rotating the base plate 20 about its axis of rotation.
- the control can be such that unwanted collisions between the pairs of rollers 22 and the surface of the sheet metal strip can be avoided, or it is intentionally caused a collision of the roller pairs 22 with the surface of the sheet metal strip to deform these in addition.
- the device according to the invention can be operated with or without a lowering / lifting unit 8.
- FIG. 9A the superposition of cross sections in the final shape of the profile
- the Fig. 9B shows the profile flower of the normal cross section
- the Fig. 9C shows the profile flower of the height - changed cross section
- the Fig. 9D shows the superimposition of the profile flowers of the Figs. 9B and 9C ,
- roller pairs In the case of operation without lowering / lifting unit 8, the roller pairs are moved up and down according to the desired profile, and they profile the bottom and the cross section of the sheet metal strip in several forming steps to the finished product with variable height.
- the adjusting frames 17 and 17 'of FIGS. 7A and 7B are similar in that the axes of the roller pairs 22 extend in the same direction, namely parallel to the BlechbandzuGermanebene X, Y and in particular parallel to the Y direction.
- the Fig. 7C represents a variant of the Verstellgerüstes Fig. 7A represent, wherein like parts are identified by the same reference numerals.
- the adjusting frame 17 "of Fig. 7C has deviating from the adjustment frame 17 of Fig. 7A the mechanism 24 of the Verstellgerüstes 17 ', whereby the angle of the base plate 20 is adjustable in an oblique direction to the XY plane.
- the rollers 22 are no longer easily rotatable over shafts in view of the adjustability of the base plate 20, and therefore their motorization is integrated into the roller stand (rolling stand) 19, as indicated by reference numeral 18 "
- Form of a servo motor, an asynchronous motor, a motor with frequency converter or the like can be implemented and therefore needs no further explanation.
- the pair of rollers 22 may be displaced from a position in which the axes of the rollers 22 are parallel to the sheet conveyance plane X, Y to a position in which these axes are perpendicular to the sheet conveyance plane X, Y.
- the rotational degree of freedom of the adjusting frame 17 "lies in a plane that can be pivoted from a position substantially perpendicular to the sheet metal belt conveying plane X, Y into a position lying substantially parallel to the sheet belt conveying plane X, Y.
- the Fig. 7D represents a variant of the Verstellgerüstes Fig. 7B represent, wherein like parts are identified by the same reference numerals.
- the adjusting frame 17 "'of the Fig. 7D has a suitable motor 18 '', the analogous to the engine 18 "of Fig. 7C is integrated into the roller stand 19. Because of the lack of waves 28, the position of the base plate 20 along the circular arc 25 can be adjusted without any restrictions in this regard, so that analogous to the configuration of the adjustment of the Fig.
- Both the adjusting frames 17 "of Fig. 7C as well as the adjusting frames 17 "'the Fig. 7D can, as in the Fig. 8 shown to be arranged in pairs one behind the other.
- FIGS. 9E to 9H show the course of the profile flower with a correction of the inclination of the guides 23 holding plate depending on the central extension at the bending point of the sheet, wherein the solid line shows the normal cross-section and the dashed line the height-changed cross-section.
- the shows Fig. 9E the superposition of cross sections in the final shape of the profile
- the Fig. 9F shows the profile flower of the normal cross section
- the Fig. 9G the profile flower of the height-changed cross-section
- the Fig. 9H the overlay of the profile flowers of the Figs. 9F and 9G ,
- the Figs. 9E the course of the profile flower with a correction of the inclination of the guides 23 holding plate depending on the central extension at the bending point of the sheet, wherein the solid line shows the normal cross-section and the dashed line the height-changed cross-section.
- the shows Fig. 9E the superposition of cross sections in the final shape of the profile
- FIGS. 9I to 9L correspond to the FIGS. 9E to 9H with the difference that no correction depending on the centric extension has been carried out, and accordingly the lowering of the bottom of the profile takes place in different non-linear steps, which leads to an increase of the tension with respect to the embodiment with the centric extension dependent correction leads.
- roller stand The roles of a roller stand are cylindrical in their simplest form and axis-parallel, as in the above DE 100 11 755 A1 shown, and the axis of rotation of such a roller stand is perpendicular to the direction of movement or perpendicular to the direction of the variability of the profile cross-section.
- roller stand The roles of a roller stand but need not be cylindrical, but they can have variable in diameter over their length, as in the Figures 5 . 7 and 8th shown to provide the sheet metal strip partially with a specific profile.
- the axis of rotation of the roller stand is also perpendicular to the direction of movement or perpendicular to the direction of the variability of the profile cross-section.
- rollers of a roller stand are not axis-parallel, but that their axes are more or less inclined to each other. This may be necessary to prevent or reduce collisions.
- FIGS. 11A to 11D show some of many possibilities for the construction and arrangement of two rolls of a roll stand. It shows Fig. 11A a classic, ie axis-parallel and inventive arrangement of the rollers with complementary variable diameters, which pass a metal strip between them; Fig. 11B shows a non-inventive arrangement in which the axis of a roll is parallel to the Blechbandzuginaginae and the axis of the other roll is inclined to Fig. 11C shows a non-inventive arrangement in which the axes of the rollers are not only inclined to each other, but are offset from each other in the Blechband availability Vietnamese; and Fig.
- 11D shows a non-inventive arrangement in which the axes of the rollers inclined to each other, offset in the Blechbandanicardi against each other and additionally rotated about the vertical axis (a more or less radially through both rollers line) against each other.
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- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine allgemein eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum Kaltwalzprofilieren von Profilen mit veränderlicher Höhe und insbesondere eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren gemäß den Oberbegriffen der Ansprüche 1 und 9.The invention relates generally to a device and a method for cold rolling profiling of variable height profiles, and more particularly to an apparatus and a method according to the preambles of
In der Industrie, insbesondere in der Automobilindustrie werden vielfach V- oder U-Profile eingesetzt, beispielsweise zur Aussteifung der Karosserie, als Träger oder Achsen. Diese Profile weisen oft eine nicht konstante Höhe bzw. Tiefe auf und sie müssen natürlich nicht symmetrisch sein. Beispiele von Profilen mit veränderlichen Höhen bzw. Tiefen sind in den
Herkömmlicherweise werden Profile der vorstehend geschilderten Art mit Pressen hergestellt, so dass jede Änderung der Länge bzw. Form des Profils eine kostspielige Anpassung der Presse mit sich bringt.Conventionally, profiles of the type described above are made with pressing, so that any change in the length or shape of the profile brings a costly adaptation of the press with it.
Darüber hinaus sind "unechte" Profile mit veränderlicher Höhe bekannt, worin das Profil flexibel in der Breite profiliert wird, so dass zuerst die seitlichen kleinen Elemente 5 geformt werden und dann die langen Schenkel 6 hoch gebogen, wie in den
Aus der
Aus der
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht in der Bereitstellung einer Vorrichtung bzw. eines Verfahrens, mit der bzw. dem kostengünstig Profile hergestellt werden können, die über die Länge betrachtet einen Querschnitt mit veränderlicher Höhe aufweisen, wobei der Bewegungsspielraum in jedem einzelnen Freiheitsgrad besonders klein sein kann und die Steuerung besonders einfach sein kann. Dabei soll ein relativ großer Bereich an Profilen mit veränderlichen Höhen abgedeckt werden.The object of the invention is to provide a device or a method with which or cost profiles can be produced, viewed over the length have a cross-section with variable height, the range of motion in each degree of freedom can be particularly small and the control can be very easy. Here, a relatively large range of profiles with variable heights to be covered.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer gattungsgemäßen Vorrichtung und dem entsprechenden Verfahren durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 bzw. 9 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved in a generic device and the corresponding method by the characterizing features of
Die Erfindung beschränkt sich nicht auf Profile konstanter Breite und/oder auf V-oder U-Profile, zumal diese vorteilhaft in Verbindung mit verschiedenen symmetrischen und asymmetrischen Profilen konstanter und variabler Breite einsetzbar sind.The invention is not limited to profiles of constant width and / or on V or U-profiles, especially since these can be advantageously used in conjunction with various symmetrical and asymmetric profiles of constant and variable width.
Es folgt eine Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnungen. Darin zeigen:
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Fig. 1A eine perspektivische Ansicht eines U-Profils mit veränderlicher Höhe mit einer Absenkung, das in Übereinstimmung mit der Vorrichtung bzw. dem Verfahren der vorliegenden Erfindung herstellbar ist; -
Fig. 1B eine seitliche Ansicht entlang der Längsseite des U-Profils derFig. 1A ; -
Fig. 1C eine stirnseitige Ansicht des U-Profils derFig. 1A ; -
Fig. 2A eine perspektivische Ansicht eines U-Profils mit veränderlicher Höhe mit einer Anhebung, das in Übereinstimmung mit der Vorrichtung bzw. dem Verfahren der vorliegenden Erfindung herstellbar ist; -
Fig. 2B eine seitliche Ansicht entlang der Längsseite des U-Profils derFig. 2A ; -
Fig. 2C eine stirnseitige Ansicht des U-Profils derFig. 2A ; -
Fig. 3A eine perspektivische Ansicht eines U-Profils mit veränderlicher Höhe mit einer Absenkung und Anhebung, das in Übereinstimmung mit der Vorrichtung bzw. dem Verfahren der vorliegenden Erfindung herstellbar ist; -
Fig. 3B eine seitliche Ansicht entlang der Längsseite des U-Profils derFig. 3A ; -
Fig. 3C eine stirnseitige Ansicht des U-Profils derFig. 3A ; -
Fig. 4A eine perspektivische Ansicht eines U-Profils mit veränderlicher Höhe und veränderlicher Breite mit einer Absenkung, das in Übereinstimmung mit der Vorrichtung bzw. dem Verfahren der vorliegenden Erfindung herstellbar ist; -
Fig. 4B eine seitliche Ansicht entlang der Längsseite des U-Profils derFig. 1A ; -
Fig. 4C eine stirnseitige Ansicht des U-Profils derFig. 1A , in der die veränderliche Breite gut erkennbar ist; -
Fig. 5 eine schematische perspektivische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung zum Kaltwalzprofilieren von Profilen mit veränderlicher Höhe; -
Figuren 6A bis 6D verschiedene mögliche Ausgestaltungen der Absenker/ Anheber-Einheit derFig. 5 ; -
Fig. 7A eine Ausgestaltung eines Verstellgerüstes der formenden Einheit derFig. 5 ; -
Fig. 7B eine weitere Ausgestaltung eines Verstellgerüstes der formenden Einheit derFig. 5 ; -
Fig. 7C eine Variante des Verstellgerüstes derFig. 7A ; -
Fig. 7D eine Variante des Verstellgerüstes derFig. 7B ; -
Fig. 8 ein Biegestationspaar, das mit zwei Verstellgerüsten derFig. 7B gebildet ist; -
Figuren 9A bis 9D den Verlauf der Profilblumen in einem Betriebsmodus mit einer Absenker/Anheber-Einheit; -
Figuren 9E bis 9H den Verlauf der Profilblumen in einem ersten Betriebsmodus; -
Figuren 9I bis 9L den Verlauf der Profilblumen in einem zweiten Betriebsmodus; -
Fig. 10A eine stirnseitige Ansicht eines "unechten" Profils mit veränderlicher Höhe aus dem Stand der Technik, worin die kleinen Elemente hoch gebogen sind; -
Fig. 10B eine stirnseitige Ansicht eines "unechten" Profils mit veränderlicher Höhe aus dem Stand der Technik, worin die langen Schenkel hoch gebogen sind; und -
Figuren 11A bis 11D einige von vielen Möglichkeiten für den Aufbau und die Anordnung der Rollen eines Verstellgerüstes.
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Fig. 1A a perspective view of a variable height U-profile with a sink, which can be produced in accordance with the device or the method of the present invention; -
Fig. 1B a side view along the longitudinal side of the U-profile ofFig. 1A ; -
Fig. 1C an end view of the U-profile ofFig. 1A ; -
Fig. 2A a perspective view of a U-profile with variable height with a lift, which can be produced in accordance with the device or the method of the present invention; -
Fig. 2B a side view along the longitudinal side of the U-profile ofFig. 2A ; -
Fig. 2C an end view of the U-profile ofFig. 2A ; -
Fig. 3A a perspective view of a variable height U-profile with a lowering and raising, which can be produced in accordance with the device or the method of the present invention; -
Fig. 3B a side view along the longitudinal side of the U-profile ofFig. 3A ; -
Fig. 3C an end view of the U-profile ofFig. 3A ; -
Fig. 4A a perspective view of a U-profile with variable height and variable width with a reduction, which can be produced in accordance with the device or the method of the present invention; -
Fig. 4B a side view along the longitudinal side of the U-profile ofFig. 1A ; -
Fig. 4C an end view of the U-profile ofFig. 1A in which the variable width is clearly visible; -
Fig. 5 a schematic perspective view of an apparatus according to the invention for cold rolling profiling of profiles with variable height; -
FIGS. 6A to 6D various possible embodiments of the lowering / lifting unit of theFig. 5 ; -
Fig. 7A an embodiment of an adjusting framework of the forming unit ofFig. 5 ; -
Fig. 7B a further embodiment of a Verstellgerüstes the forming unit ofFig. 5 ; -
Fig. 7C a variant of the VerstellgerüstesFig. 7A ; -
Fig. 7D a variant of the VerstellgerüstesFig. 7B ; -
Fig. 8 a bending station pair, with two Verstellgerüsten theFig. 7B is formed; -
FIGS. 9A to 9D the course of the profile flowers in an operating mode with a lowering / lifting unit; -
FIGS. 9E to 9H the course of the profile flowers in a first mode of operation; -
FIGS. 9I to 9L the course of the profile flowers in a second mode of operation; -
Fig. 10A a frontal view of a "false" profile with variable height from the prior art, wherein the small elements are bent high; -
Fig. 10B a frontal view of a "false" profile with variable height from the prior art, wherein the long legs are bent upwards; and -
FIGS. 11A to 11D some of many possibilities for the construction and arrangement of the roles of an adjustment frame.
Unter Bezugnahme auf die
Der Begriff "veränderliche Höhe" ist im Kontext der Anmeldung so zu verstehen, dass sich die Höhe des Profils über die Längsrichtung betrachtet verändert. Das Profil wird auch so hergestellt, dass der Boden des fertigen Profils nicht in einer Ebene durch die Kaltwalzprofilieranlage läuft, sondern der Boden abgesenkt oder angehoben wird. Darüber hinaus ist auch das Profil der
Die Vorrichtung zum Kaltwalzprofilieren umfasst eine (nicht gezeigte) Einheit für den Zuschnitt des Blechbandes in der Breite mit beispielsweise Laserstrahl, Plasma, Wasserstrahl, mit drehbaren und linear bewegten Schneidrollenpaaren, Schnellstanzeinrichtung, Knabber oder Blechschere mit kurzer Schnittlänge, wobei der Beschnitt auch am Ende erfolgen kann; eine mit Bezugszeichen 7 bezeichnete Antriebseinheit; eine mit Bezugszeichen 8 bezeichnete Absenker/Anheber-Einheit; sowie eine formende Einheit 9.The apparatus for cold rolling profiling comprises a unit (not shown) for cutting the sheet metal strip in width with, for example, laser beam, plasma, water jet, with rotatable and linear moving pairs of cutting rollers, Schnellstanzeinrichtung, nibblers or shears with short cutting length, the trimming also take place at the end can; a drive unit designated by reference numeral 7; a lowering / lifting unit designated by
Die Vorrichtung zum Kaltwalzprofilieren kann darüber hinaus stromaufwärts von der Antriebseinheit 7 folgende nicht gezeigte herkömmliche gattungsgemäße Komponenten umfassen:
- einen Decoiler, der üblicherweise in Form einer Haspel ausgebildet ist, auf der das flache Blechband aufgewickelt ist;
- eine Richteinheit, um das Band plan zu richten;
- einen Bandspeicher, der üblicherweise als Grube ausgeführt wird, zum Ausgleich von Geschwindigkeitsunterschieden; und
- eine Vorstanzeinheit mit nachgeschaltetem Bandspeicher.
- a decoiler, which is usually in the form of a reel, on which the flat sheet metal strip is wound;
- a straightening unit for straightening the band;
- a band memory, which is usually performed as a pit, to compensate for speed differences; and
- a pre-punching unit with downstream strip storage.
Die Vorrichtung zum Kaltwalzprofilieren kann stromabwärts von der formenden Einheit 9 weiterhin folgende nicht gezeigte herkömmliche gattungsgemäße Komponenten umfassen:
- eine Nachstanzeinheit zum Formen von Sicken, von Prägungen oder von weiteren Durchbrüchen;
- eine Schweißmaschine, bei geschlossenen und verschweißten Profilen;
- Einrichtungen zur Entfernung des Überstandes der Schweißnaht und zum Entgraten;
- eine Kalibrieranlage, um exakte Dimensionen zu erreichen;
- eine Ablängeinheit, als "fliegende Säge" oder pneumatisch bzw. hydraulisch betriebene Stanzeinrichtung, in stehender oder mitfahrender Ausführung; und
- weitere Anlagen, um Prozesse wie Biegen auszuführen.
- a re-punching unit for forming beads, embossments or other apertures;
- a welding machine, with closed and welded profiles;
- Means for removing the overhang of the weld and for deburring;
- a calibration facility to achieve exact dimensions;
- a cutting unit, as a "flying saw" or pneumatically or hydraulically operated punching device, in standing or moving version; and
- other facilities to perform processes such as bending.
Darüber hinaus können Vorrichtungen nachgeschaltet werden, um die U- und V-Profile zu einem Hut-Profil umzuformen, die insbesondere für die Automobilindustrie zum Einsatz kommen. Für Hut-Profile bzw. kann der Flansch (-) in einem daran anschließenden Umformprozess hergestellt werden. In der Station oder den Stationen kommt eine Kombination aus festen und beweglichen Rollen zum Einsatz. Die seitlichen Flansche fertigt man mit feststehenden Rollen. Die Unterstützung am Boden erfolgt zweckmäßigerweise mit Rollenpaaren, die ebenfalls mit zwei Freiheitsgraden zu bewegen sind.In addition, devices can be followed to reshape the U and V profiles to a hat profile, which are used in particular for the automotive industry. For hat profiles respectively. The flange ( - ) can be produced in a subsequent forming process. The station or stations use a combination of fixed and moving rollers. The side flanges are made with fixed rollers. The support on the ground is expediently carried out with pairs of rollers, which are also to move with two degrees of freedom.
Die Antriebseinheit 7 umfasst mindestens ein Gerüst 10 für den Antrieb des Blechbandes und mindestens ein motorisiertes Getriebe 11, das entsprechende Walzen des Gerüstes 10 über Wellen 28 antreibt. In der exemplarisch dargestellten Ausführungsform werden zwei Gerüste gezeigt, wobei jedoch für den Fachmann verständlich wird, dass die Anzahl der Gerüste nach Bedarf erhöht oder gesenkt werden kann. Die stromaufwärts von der Absenker/Anheber-Einheit 8 angeordnete Antriebseinheit 7 hat die Funktion, vor einer möglichen Absenkung/ Anhebung einen Zug von hinten zu verhindern und die Längenänderung des Blechbandes in der Absenker/Anheber-Einheit 8 auszugleichen.The drive unit 7 comprises at least one
Die
Unter erneuter Bezugnahme auf die
Eine mögliche Ausgestaltung als 3-Rollenbiegemaschinen 12 ist in der
Die Ausgestaltung der
Die Ausgestaltung der
Die Ausgestaltung der
Alle vorstehend gezeigten Pressen können feststehend oder fliegend gelagert werden, je nachdem, ob kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich profiliert wird. Unter erneuter Bezugnahme auf die
In der
Durch die translatorische Bewegung des Rollengerüstes 19 des Bi-Pod bzw. Duopod 17 der
Durch die rotatorische Bewegung des Rollengerüstes 19 des Bi-Pod bzw. Duopod 17 der
Das Verstellgerüst 17 der
Darüber hinaus kann die Position der Basisplatte 20 entlang eines Kreisbogens 25 verstellt werden, womit ein weiterer Freiheitsgrad erzielt wird, so dass es beispielsweise, wie nachstehend in Verbindung mit der
Die Verstellgerüste 17' werden, wie in der
Grundsätzlich können die Verstellgerüste 17 und 17' betrieben werden, um Profile mit veränderlicher Höhe und gleichbleibender Breite oder Profile mit veränderlicher Höhe und veränderlicher Breite herzustellen.In principle, the adjusting stands 17 and 17 'can be operated to produce profiles of variable height and constant width or profiles of variable height and variable width.
Für die Herstellung von Profilen mit veränderlicher Höhe und gleichbleibender Breite wird die Neigung der die Führungen 23 haltenden Platte senkrecht eingestellt, so dass die Verstellgerüste 17' ähnlich wie die Verstellgerüste 17 wirken.For the production of profiles with variable height and constant width, the inclination of the
Für die Herstellung von Profilen mit veränderlicher Höhe und veränderlicher Breite muss die Neigung der die Führungen 23 haltenden Platte für jedes Biegestationspaar unabhängig eingestellt werden, um dem Neigungswinkel der Ränder des Blechbandes zu folgen. Dies bedeutet, dass die Neigung der die Führungen 23 haltenden Platte bei jedem Biegestationspaar dem sich ändernden Neigungswinkel des zu biegenden Randes folgen soll. Es versteht sich, dass im Falle von Profilen mit veränderlicher Höhe und veränderlicher Breite die Neigung weniger als 90° beträgt. Erfindungsgemäß erfolgt die Einstellung der Neigung der die Führungen 23 haltenden Platte entweder in exakter Übereinstimmung mit dem Neigungswinkel des zu biegenden Randes oder indem die Neigung dieser Platte zusätzlich unter Berücksichtigung der zentrischen Streckung, wie nachstehend in Verbindung mit den
Durch das vorstehend erläuterte Verstellgerüst 17' ist eine translatorische Bewegung bzw. ein Freiheitsgrad in der YZ-Ebene möglich. Die rotatorische Bewegung bzw. der Freiheitsgrad des Verstellgerüstes 17' kann durch die Betätigung eines Hebels durch einen nicht gezeigten linearen Antrieb analog zur oben genannten
Für den Fall, dass mit dem Verstellgerüst 17' symmetrische V- oder U-Profile mit veränderlicher Höhe und gleichbleibender Breite hergestellt werden sollen, erfolgt die Steuerung analog zu der des Verstellgerüstes 17, wobei die translatorische Bewegung in Z-Richtung stattfindet und die rotatorische Bewegung ebenfalls durch Drehen der Basisplatte 20 um ihre Drehachse implementiert wird. Auch in diesem Fall kann die Steuerung derart erfolgen, dass ungewollte Kollisionen zwischen den Rollenpaaren 22 und der Oberfläche des Blechbandes vermieden werden, oder es wird gezielt eine Kollision der Rollenpaare 22 mit der Oberfläche des Blechbandes hervorgerufen, um diese zusätzlich zu verformen.In the event that with the adjustment frame 17 'symmetrical V or U-profiles with variable height and constant width to be produced, the control is analogous to that of the
Für den Fall, dass mit dem Verstellgerüst 17' symmetrische oder asymmetrische V- oder U-Profile mit veränderlicher Höhe und veränderlicher Breite hergestellt werden sollen, muss zusätzlich eine Verschiebung des Verstellgerüstes 17' in die Y-Richtung senkrecht zur Z-Richtung und zur Blechbandförderrichtung X eingeleitet werden, beispielsweise durch die Verschiebung der Basisplatte 20 entlang der geneigten Führungen 23, wobei im Falle der Symmetrie die Verschiebung der Verstellgerüste 17' in Y-Richtung paarweise gleich ist und im Falle der Asymmetrie diese Verschiebung ungleich ist. Anders ausgedrückt, müssen im Falle der Asymmetrie die Führungen 23 bzw. die sie haltenden Platten eines Paares von Verstellgerüsten 17' einer Biegestation unterschiedliche Neigungswinkel aufweisen.In the event that symmetrical or asymmetric V- or U-profiles with variable height and variable width are to be produced with the adjusting frame 17 ', in addition a displacement of the adjusting frame 17' in the Y-direction perpendicular to the Z-direction and Blechbandförderrichtung must X are introduced, for example, by the displacement of the
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung kann, wie bereits erläutert, mit oder ohne Absenker/Anheber-Einheit 8 betrieben werden.As already explained, the device according to the invention can be operated with or without a lowering /
Im Falle des Betriebs mit einer Absenker/Anheber-Einheit 8 werden in der formenden Einheit 9 lediglich ein Rest der Profils bzw. die seitlichen Ränder des Profils hergestellt. Dabei werden die Rollenpaare entsprechend dem vorgeformten Profil (Mulde oder Erhöhung) translatorisch angehoben und abgesenkt sowie um eine Achse rotatorisch gedreht. In diesem Betriebsmodus mit Absenker/Anheber-Einheit 8 können alle Verstellgerüste parallel montiert und verstellt werden. Die translatorische Bewegung erfolgt im Betriebsmodus mit Absenker/Anheber-Einheit 8 parallel zum Endquerschnitt des Blechbandes. Der Verlauf der Profilblumen im obigen Betriebsmodus ist in den
Im Falle des Betriebs ohne Absenker/Anheber-Einheit 8 werden die Rollenpaare dem gewünschten Profil entsprechend nach oben und nach unten bewegt, und sie profilieren den Boden und den Querschnitt des Blechbandes in mehreren Umformschritten zum fertigen Produkt mit veränderlicher Höhe.In the case of operation without lowering / lifting
Im besonderen Fall des Betriebs ohne Absenker/Anheber-Einheit 8, in dem das Profil sowohl in der Höhe als auch in der Breite veränderlich ist, kann, wie bereits erwähnt, die Einstellung der Neigung der die Führungen 23 haltenden Platte entweder in exakter Übereinstimmung mit dem Neigungswinkel des zu biegenden Randes erfolgen oder indem die Neigung dieser Platte unter Berücksichtigung der zentrischen Streckung korrigiert wird.In the particular case of operation without lowering / lifting
Die Verstellgerüste 17 und 17' der
Die Erfinder der gegenwärtigen Anmeldung haben jedoch in Erfahrung gebracht, dass besondere Vorteile mit den abgeänderten Verstellgerüsten der
Die
In der Ausgestaltung der
Die
Sowohl die Verstellgerüste 17" der
Die
Die Rollen eines Rollengerüstes sind in ihrer einfachsten Form zylindrisch und achsenparallel, wie in der oben genannten
Die Rollen eines Rollengerüstes müssen aber nicht zylindrisch sein, sondern sie können über ihre Länge veränderliche Durchmesser haben, wie in den
Die letztere Formulierung soll auch den Fall umfassen, dass die Rollen eines Rollengerüste nicht achsenparallel sind, sondern dass ihre Achsen mehr oder weniger zueinander geneigt sind. Dies kann erforderlich sein, um Kollisionen zu verhindern oder zu vermindern.The latter formulation should also include the case that the rollers of a roller stand are not axis-parallel, but that their axes are more or less inclined to each other. This may be necessary to prevent or reduce collisions.
Die
Wenn in irgendeinem der Ansprüche erwähnte technische Merkmale mit einem Bezugszeichen versehen sind, wurden diese Bezugszeichen lediglich eingeschlossen, um die Verständlichkeit der Ansprüche zu erhöhen. Entsprechend haben diese Bezugszeichen keine einschränkende Auswirkung auf den Schutzumfang eines jeden Elements, das exemplarisch durch solche Bezugszeichen bezeichnet wird.When technical features mentioned in any of the claims are provided with a reference numeral, these reference numerals have been included only to enhance the intelligibility of the claims. Accordingly, these reference numbers have no limiting effect on the scope of protection of each element, which is exemplified by such reference numerals.
Claims (13)
- Device for forming a profile with variable height by cold roll-profiling, comprising a forming unit (9) with at least one adjustment stand (17, 17', 17", 17"'), having a roll stand (19) containing a pair of paraxial rollers (22) between which there is a gap through which the sheet-metal strip is guided along its length (X), the roll stand being displaced during cold roll-profiling translationally and rotatorily with at least one translational degree of freedom and a rotatory degree of freedom uncoupled from the latter,
characterized in that the device for forming the profile with variable height is adjusted, by means of the roll stand (19) having the degree of freedom of rotation, uncoupled from the at least one translational degree of freedom, about a rotational axis extending paraxially between the rollers (22). - Device according to Claim 1, where the rotational axis of the roll stand (19), which defines its rotatory degree of freedom, extends parallel to the sheet-metal strip feeding plane (X, Y) or at an inclination thereto.
- Device according to Claim 1 or 2, where the rotational axis of the roll stand (19) extends perpendicular to the sheet-metal strip conveying direction (X).
- Device according to one or more of the preceding Claims, where the rotational axis of the roll stand (19) can be swiveled on a plane (Y, Z) perpendicular to the sheet-metal strip conveying direction (X).
- Device according to one or more of the preceding Claims, the adjustment stand (17) having a translational and a rotatory degree of freedom, the translational degree of freedom being perpendicular to the plane (X, Y) on which the sheet-metal strip is fed so that the adjustment stand is adjustable in height to the sheet-metal strip feeding plane (X, Y), or
the adjustment stand (17', 17'', 17"') having two translational and one rotatory degree of freedom, the translational degrees of freedom being located on a plane (Y, Z) perpendicular to the sheet-metal strip conveying direction (X) so that the adjustment stand is adjustable in its height in respect to the sheet-metal strip feeding plane (X, Y) and adjustable perpendicularly thereto in a distance from the central longitudinal axis of the sheet-metal strip, the adjustment stand (17', 17", 17"') being preferably equipped with a plate (20) for bearing the rollers (22), whose inclination angle to the sheet-metal strip feeding plane (X, Y) is adjustable in accordance with the inclination angle of an edge to be bent of the sheet-metal strip, and where further the inclination angle of the plate (20) bearing the rollers (22) being preferably adjusted with regard to the centric extension at the edge to be bent of the sheet-metal strip, the device having further a driving unit (7) arranged upstream in the sheet-metal strip conveying direction (X) of the lowering/ lifting unit (8), which unit is adapted to prevent a tension from the rear before a lowering/lifting and to compensate for alteration in length of the sheet-metal strip in the lowering/ lifting unit. - Device according to the preceding Claims, further comprising a unit for cutting a sheet-metal strip to size in width (Y) corresponding to the variable height (Z) and/or width of the profile; or
having further a lowering/lifting unit (8) arranged in the sheet-metal strip conveying direction (X) upstream of the forming unit, which lowering/lifting unit is adapted to form a depression and/or a prominence in the sheet-metal strip. - Device according to one or more of Claims 1 through 6, where the gap between the rollers (22) remains stationary when the roll stand (19) is rotated about its rotational axis.
- Method for forming a profile with variable height by cold roll-profiling, wherein the sheet-metal strip is guided along its length (X) through at least one adjustment stand (17, 17', 17'', 17"') having a roll stand (19) which contains a pair of paraxial rollers (22) between which there is a gap through which the sheet-metal strip is guided, the roll stand being displaced during cold roll-profiling translationally and rotatorily with at least one translational degree of freedom and a rotatory degree of freedom uncoupled from the latter,
characterized in that the profile is formed with variable height by means of the roll stand (19) being rotated during cold roll-profiling about a rotational axis which extends paraxially between the rollers (22) and whose rotatory degree of freedom is uncoupled from the at least one translational degree of freedom. - Method according to Claim 8, wherein the rotational axis of the roll stand (19) is further swiveled on a plane (Y, Z) perpendicular to the sheet-metal strip conveying direction (X).
- Method according to Claim 8 or 9, wherein the sheet-metal strip is cut to size in the width (Y) according to the variable height (Z) and/or width of the profile directly before or after cold roll-profiling.
- Method according to one or more of Claims 8 through 10, the adjustment stand (17', 17", 17"') being equipped with a plate (20) for bearing the rollers (22) whose inclination angle in respect to the sheet-metal feeding plane (X, Y) is set in accordance with the inclination angle of an edge to be bent of the sheet-metal strip, with the inclination angle of the plate (20) being preferably set with regard to the centric extension on the edge to be bent of the sheet-metal strip.
- Method according to one or more of Claims 8 through 11, further comprising the lowering or lifting the sheet-metal strip before guiding the sheet-metal strip through the at least one adjustment stand (17, 17', 17", 17"') and after cutting the sheet-metal strip to size in order to form a depression and/or a prominence in the sheet-metal strip, where preferably the sheet-metal strip is driven before lowering or lifting in such a way that a tension from the rear is prevented and an alteration in length of the sheet-metal strip during lowering or lifting of the sheet-metal strip is compensated for.
- Method according to one or more of Claims 8 through 12, wherein the gap between the rollers (22) remains stationary when the roll stand (19) is rotated about its rotational axis.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102007059439A DE102007059439B3 (en) | 2007-12-10 | 2007-12-10 | Apparatus and method for cold rolling profiling of variable height profiles |
PCT/EP2008/010468 WO2009074299A1 (en) | 2007-12-10 | 2008-12-10 | Apparatus and process for forming profiles with a variable height by means of cold rolling |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2225055A1 EP2225055A1 (en) | 2010-09-08 |
EP2225055B1 true EP2225055B1 (en) | 2012-08-29 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP08860452A Not-in-force EP2225055B1 (en) | 2007-12-10 | 2008-12-10 | Apparatus and process for forming profiles with a variable height by means of cold rolling |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9174258B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2225055B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20100100926A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2008335879B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0822062A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2708789A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102007059439B3 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2010006386A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2009074299A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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---|---|---|---|---|
EP3034191A1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-22 | Voestalpine Krems GmbH | Device and method for producing an elongated profile |
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DE102008050366B4 (en) | 2008-10-02 | 2010-06-17 | Data M Sheet Metal Solutions Gmbh | System for cold rolling profiling of profiles with variable cross section |
ATE492358T1 (en) * | 2008-11-28 | 2011-01-15 | Valle Perfiladoras Y Loeneas Especiales S L | ROLL PROFILING MACHINE |
DE102009022829B3 (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2011-02-24 | Data M Sheet Metal Solutions Gmbh | Roll profiling apparatus and method |
DE102011052539A1 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-14 | Data M Sheet Metal Solutions Gmbh | Roll profiling device with guide rail and clamping carriage for the defined guidance of a workpiece and associated method |
CN102513470B (en) * | 2012-01-04 | 2014-01-01 | 安徽省爱力特家电成套装备有限公司 | Technology for forming drawer-type linear guide rail |
US9968985B2 (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2018-05-15 | Fuji Seiko Co., Ltd | Bead ring winding device |
US20150027189A1 (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2015-01-29 | Sungwoo Hitech Co., Ltd. | Flexible roll forming method |
KR101509468B1 (en) | 2013-07-25 | 2015-04-22 | 주식회사 성우하이텍 | Flexible roll forming unit |
US9878357B2 (en) | 2013-07-25 | 2018-01-30 | Sungwoo Hitech Co., Ltd. | Flexible roll forming device, blank guide device, blank feeding device, and flexible roll forming system having the same |
DE102014104222A1 (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2015-10-01 | Data M Sheet Metal Solutions Gmbh | Z-roll profile with varying height and method of manufacture |
DE102014116890A1 (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2016-05-19 | Data M Sheet Metal Solutions Gmbh | Apparatus and method for producing profiles |
DE102014116889B4 (en) | 2014-11-18 | 2016-08-04 | Data M Sheet Metal Solutions Gmbh | Apparatus and method for the production of profiles with variable height and / or width |
CN104550442B (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2017-01-11 | 无锡市光彩机械制造有限公司 | Arc-shaped steel plate warehouse roof molding machine |
DE102017101235B4 (en) | 2017-01-23 | 2021-07-29 | Data M Sheet Metal Solutions Gmbh | Device for cold roll profiling of sheet metal to form a profiled sheet |
DE102018115740A1 (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2020-01-02 | Airbus Operations Gmbh | Method for producing a cross member for a vehicle and a cross member for a vehicle |
EP3753644B1 (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2021-09-08 | Ingvest AB | Roll-forming machine and method for roll-forming |
DE102020106664B4 (en) | 2020-03-11 | 2021-11-04 | Universität Siegen | Method and device for bending profiles with variable cross-sections |
WO2022172950A1 (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2022-08-18 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Roll molded component manufacturing device and manufacturing method |
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-
2007
- 2007-12-10 DE DE102007059439A patent/DE102007059439B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2008
- 2008-12-10 CA CA2708789A patent/CA2708789A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2008-12-10 US US12/747,477 patent/US9174258B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-12-10 EP EP08860452A patent/EP2225055B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2008-12-10 MX MX2010006386A patent/MX2010006386A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2008-12-10 WO PCT/EP2008/010468 patent/WO2009074299A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-12-10 KR KR1020107014521A patent/KR20100100926A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2008-12-10 AU AU2008335879A patent/AU2008335879B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-12-10 BR BRPI0822062-0A patent/BRPI0822062A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3034191A1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-22 | Voestalpine Krems GmbH | Device and method for producing an elongated profile |
WO2016097426A1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-23 | Voestalpine Krems Gmbh | Device and method for producing an elongate profile part |
US11351586B2 (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2022-06-07 | Voestalpine Krems Gmbh | Apparatus and method for producing an elongated profiled part |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2008335879B2 (en) | 2015-05-07 |
MX2010006386A (en) | 2010-09-30 |
US9174258B2 (en) | 2015-11-03 |
AU2008335879A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
BRPI0822062A2 (en) | 2015-06-23 |
US20110088444A1 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
KR20100100926A (en) | 2010-09-15 |
CA2708789A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
WO2009074299A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
EP2225055A1 (en) | 2010-09-08 |
DE102007059439B3 (en) | 2009-04-02 |
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