EP2223321B1 - Commutateur automatique électrique - Google Patents

Commutateur automatique électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2223321B1
EP2223321B1 EP08863905.9A EP08863905A EP2223321B1 EP 2223321 B1 EP2223321 B1 EP 2223321B1 EP 08863905 A EP08863905 A EP 08863905A EP 2223321 B1 EP2223321 B1 EP 2223321B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switch
movable contact
contact
contact bridge
coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP08863905.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2223321A1 (fr
Inventor
Jozef Smrkolj
Stane Vidmar
Borut Drnovsek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ETI Elektroelement dd
Original Assignee
ETI Elektroelement dd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SI200700340A external-priority patent/SI22697B/sl
Priority claimed from SI200800246A external-priority patent/SI22899B/en
Application filed by ETI Elektroelement dd filed Critical ETI Elektroelement dd
Priority to SI200831502T priority Critical patent/SI2223321T1/sl
Publication of EP2223321A1 publication Critical patent/EP2223321A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2223321B1 publication Critical patent/EP2223321B1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/14—Electrothermal mechanisms
    • H01H71/16—Electrothermal mechanisms with bimetal element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/1081—Modifications for selective or back-up protection; Correlation between feeder and branch circuit breaker
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/2463—Electromagnetic mechanisms with plunger type armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/20—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a low-loss electric automatic switch intended for the protection of electrical installations.
  • the invention more specifically concerns a contact assembly.
  • the switch with a contact assembly of the invention is preferably intended as a switch corresponding to size 1 according to DIN 43880 and has a module width 18 mm and more and it has low own power loss and assures selectivity.
  • the technical problem solved by the invention is how to conceive such contact assembly in an automatic switch of this type that will provide for circuit interruption within prescribed time upon prescribed over-current or rather upon prescribed short-circuit current and that at prescribed number of repeats of such interruptions, whereby the structure of the contact assembly should also be adequate for large-series production or even mass production in compliance with all standards, on the basis of which such product may appear on the market and that for a market acceptable price.
  • the Slovene patent application P-2005 0 0358 (Eti Elektroelement d.d.) and a similar document WO 2006085829 , discloses an electric automatic switch comprising a contact assembly.
  • This contact assembly is actuated by a striker pin comprised within a coil.
  • the striker pin hits toward the switch assembly and opens the main contact by preserving the contact of the secondary circuit closed.
  • a bimetal linked in series in the secondary circuit in the switch switches off the switch of the secondary circuit.
  • the velocity of contact switch-off in the switch assembly is very high in short-circuit current.
  • said switch reacts also when a short-cuircuit current occurs as a continuation of an over-current or independently due to defects in a protected circuit. All switch-off times of the protected circuit with said switch are standardised as to values of nominal current, over-current and short-circuit current, whereas the minimum number of perfect switches-off at prescribed various values is required.
  • a movable contact element is arranged between fixed contact elements with at least one spring. Due to potent butts of forces appearing during the operation of the electro-magnetic assembly, especially in case of short-circuit current, irregular interrupting of contacts appears, since a spring or springs cannot provide for the positioning of the movable contact element in this situation as foreseen or expected. Tests could not prove a sufficient number of repeats of switch-offs in case of over-current of the first contact only without the second contact opening simultaneously at least for a short moment.
  • the second contact opens in case of over-current, the principle of operation of the electric switch breaks down and unacceptable disturbances appear, namely an electric arc between the contact elements of the second contact, which is not adapted to extinguish the electric arc due to spacial limitations of the switch then the fact that due to irregular opening of the second contact the regular/planned operation of the entire electric switch breaks down.
  • the second contact makes it sure that upon the switch-off of the first contact a resistor and a bimetal are included in the circuit functioning as selectors.
  • the switch-off of the second contact must occur exclusively due to the bending of the bimetal after over-current with a prescribed value and period has occured and/or manual switch-off of the on/off button.
  • the described technical problem is solved by a contact assembly of an electric automatic switch of the invention by preserved principal operation of the solution disclosed in the prior art in the patent application P-2005 0 0358 in a way that the movable contact element is arranged flexibly over a pressure spring on the rotatable electrically nonconductive element set to operating mode by means of a manual knob and a switch arc.
  • the bimetal deflects and by shifting a rotatable notch releases the switch lever, so that the spring instantly turns the rotatable electrically nonconductive element together with the movable contact for such distance to avoid a harmful electric arc between the contact elements.
  • the second contact may thus be devoid of means for arc extinguishing.
  • the first contact in which the appearance of an electric arc is to be expected upon opening is equipped with an extinguishing chamber.
  • the movable contact element is attached to the electrically nonconductive element by a spring pressing it against the fixed contact elements of the second contact.
  • the second contact always remains closed due to a brisk butt of the striker pin on the movable contact element due to the action of the spring pushing the movable contact against the fixed contact elements of the second contact in direction of the butt of the striker pin.
  • the butt of the stricker pin follows the direction of the force of the spring pushing the movable contact element against two fixed contact elements of the second contact, wherein the force of push of the movable contact element is direct proportional to the force of the butt of the striker pin thereon and thus to the over-current value size. In this way the opening of the second contact is prevented regardless of any opening of the first contact.
  • a further characteristic of the invention lies in the fact that upon appearance of short-circuit current when the striker pin opens the first and closely afterwards the second contact within a very short time period, both contact spots of the second contact get successively opened in order to prevent the appearance of the arc on the second contact, which justifies the structure of the second contact without an extinguishing chamber.
  • the invention is to provide for large series production for a price acceptable on the market, it was necessary to conceive such new and simple structure of the second contact that will always ensure an efficient successive switching-off of both contact spots of the second contact. This is achieved by slantingly leaning one extremity of the movable contact that dictates the described successive switching-off of both contact spots of the second contact during the operation of the striker pin.
  • the electric automatic switch consists of a housing 1, preferably any housing, meeting the standard and intended to be arranged on a busbar that is not shown on figures.
  • first connection terminal 2 for a supply connection of the protected circuit not shown in figures together with electric devices included within this circuit.
  • second connection terminal 3 preferably identical to the first connection terminal 2 intended for discharge connection of the same protected circuit.
  • first switch 4 and a second switch 5 both having a mutual movable contact bridge 6, wherein said movable contact bridge 6 is flexibly arranged on a pivotable and electrically nonconductive support element 7 that will be described in more detail at a later stage.
  • the first connection terminal 2 is linked via current conductor 8 with a first fixed contact 9 of the second switch 5.
  • the second fixed contact 10 of same second switch 5 is connected via bus 11 to a resistor 12 and in series to a bimetal 13, which upon increased current flowing therethrough triggers the electrically nonconductive support element 7 to pivot, wherein the movable contact bridge 6 is removable from the first 9 and the second fixed contact 10 of the second switch 5, which will be described in more detail in the continuation.
  • the bimetal 13 is further connected to the third fixed contact 16 of the first switch 4.
  • the movable contact bridge 6 comprises a lower extremity 15 engaging with the first fixed contact 16, which is electrically connected with a coil 17 and the latter with the second connection terminal 3.
  • the lower extremity 15, which is part of the movable contact bridge 6, and the third fixed contact 16 mutually form the first switch 4. So there are two current branches between the first 2 and second connection terminal 3, i.e. a first branch via the first switch 4 and the coil 17 and another branch via the second switch 5, the resistor 12 and the bimetal 13 in parallel to each other.
  • the coil 17 houses a striker pin 18 that acts when over-current in the protected circuit appears, i.e. in the branch between the first 2 and second connection terminal 3 via the first switch 4, by briskly pivoting the movable contact bridge 6 in a way to interrupt the first switch 4 and yet to keep the second switch 5 closed.
  • the entire electric current of the secured circuit is re-directed to the parallel branch from the first connection terminal 2 via the second switch 5, the resistor 12 and the bimetal 13 to the second connection terminal 3.
  • a third spring 17a preferably situated within the coil 17, returns the striker pin 18 to initial position.
  • the core 17b of said coil 17 further houses an element 17c, preferably a short-circuit ring of a non-magnetic material that assures permanent magnetic field at alternate current.
  • a current conductor 8 originating in the first connection terminal 2 is formed at the opposite end as a convex first fixed contact 9 leaning against a support 19 that is preferably a constituent part of the housing 1.
  • the second fixed contact 10 of the same second switch 5 is formed identically with the first fixed contact 9 and leans against the same or reasonably similar support 19 co-axially with the first fixed contact 9.
  • the electrically nonconductive support element 7 is rotatingly pivoted within the housing 1 by a first bearing 20.
  • the support element 7 is further resiliently linked to the housing 1 via a first spring 21 holding the support element 7 upon normal operation of the protected circuit together with the bimetal and a knob 29 in such position that the movable contact bridge 6 arranged thereon is in simultaneous electric contact with the first 9, second 10 and third fixed contacts 16.
  • a pivotable three-member element 32 In each mode of the switch as a whole the proper position of the electrically nonconductive support element 7 is determined by a pivotable three-member element 32.
  • a first member 32a is intended to engage with a limiter 33 on the housing 1
  • a second member 32b engages with the bimetal 13
  • a third member 32c comprises a notch 32d, with which engages a lever 31 of the knob 29.
  • the third member 32c rotates in a way to discharge the engagement of the lever 31 and the first spring 21 can thus rotate the electrically nonconductive support element 7 in a way to cause both the first 4 and second switches 5 to open.
  • the notch 32d is formed in a self-locking way. If the three-member element 32 is not rotated in any way as described above, the engagement of the lever 31 with the notch 32b is not openable. A person may thus use the knob 29 to manually open the first 4 and the second switch 5 any time, thus completely separating the protected circuit from the mains network.
  • the movable contact bridge 6 is formed in the shape of a cross.
  • the upper extremity 26, as described above, serves to properly position the movable contact bridge 6 in each of its positions.
  • Cross extremities 30 of the movable contact bridge 6 are foreseen as complementary contact elements to the first 9 and second fixed contact 10, wherein said contact elements form the second switch 5.
  • the lower longest extremity 15 of the movable contact bridge 6 is foreseen as a complementary contact element to the third fixed contact 16, which together form the movable contact bridge 6.
  • a stop 25 On the electrically nonconductive support element 7 in the vicinity of a holder 22 there is a stop 25 with a slanting contact surface 25a.
  • the slantingness of the contact surface 25a is provided with respect to the imaginary common surface of the first 9 and the second fixed contacts 10.
  • the slanted contact surface 25a is foreseen for the upper extremity 26 of the movable contact bridge 6 during the rotation of the support element 7 (regardless of the cause of rotation: manual by the knob 29 or due to over-current causing bending of the bimetal 13) and during the rotation of the movable contact bridge 6 around the first 9 and the second fixed contacts 10 to lean against the slanted contact surface 25a, wherein a second spring 23 co-operates in a way that due to the slantingness of the contact surface 25a, successive opening appears, namely first of the second fixed contact 10 and the belonging cross extremity 30 of the movable contact bridge 6 and then of the first fixed contact 9 and of the second or the cross extremity 30 of the movable contact bridge 6.
  • the successiveness of opening ensures the absence of arc upon opening of these contacts and thus the redundancy of an extinguishing chamber.
  • the switch of the invention functions as follows: the current of the protected circuit flows from the first connection terminal 2 via closed second switch 5 through the movable contact bridge 6, via closed first switch 4 to the coil 17 and to the second connection terminal 3. From the second fixed contact 10 of the second switch 5 the current also flows through the resistor 12 and the bimetal 13 to the second connection terminal 3. Since the resistor 12 determines a considerably higher resistance of the branch of the second fixed contact 10 via bimetal 13 to the second connection terminal 3 than that of the branch determined by the first switch 4 and the coil 17, a relatively considerably higher current flows through said second branch.
  • the first switch 4 is closed again and the current flows along the primary circuit within the switch to the protected circuit.
  • the bimetal 13 acts on the second member 32b after a prescribed time interval is over, wherein the three-member element 32 is rotated and the link of the notch 32d with the lever 31 is interrupted.
  • the first spring 21 can now freely turn the support element 7 in order to open the first 4 and the second switch 5.
  • the protected circuit is totally interrupted.
  • the circuit can be closed anew only by the manual knob 29, with which an authorised person after a defect in the protected circuit was done away with, returns the support element 7 to normal position, i.e. the movable contact bridge 6 closes the first 4 and the second switch 5.
  • the switch of the invention is manufactured by known technological procedures. Since the switch of this type is subject to standards, adequate materials need to be used for individual elements in order to resist the prescribed mechanical and electric loads. A special attention is to be paid to the electrically nonconductive element and to the contact element arranged thereon. The time interval after which the switch totally switches the protected circuit off is determined by the construction of the bimetal 13.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Commutateur électrique automatique consistant en un boîtier (1), dans lequel, à une extrémité du boîtier (1), il y a une première borne de connexion (2) pour une connexion d'alimentation du circuit protégé et, à l'extrémité opposée, il y a une deuxième borne de connexion (3) pour la connexion de décharge du circuit protégé, dans lequel il est prévu un premier commutateur (4) à l'intérieur du boîtier (1) qui est connecté électriquement avec une bobine (17) et la deuxième borne de connexion (3), et un deuxième commutateur (5), un pont de contact mobile (6) étant commun pour le premier (4) et le deuxième (5) commutateur et un deuxième contact fixe (10) sur le côté de mise hors circuit du deuxième commutateur (5) étant connecté en série à une résistance (12) et en outre à une bilame (13), cette bilame (13) étant connectée à la première borne de la bobine (17) comportant un percuteur (18) qui ouvre le premier commutateur (4) lors de l'apparition d'une surintensité à l'intérieur de la bobine (17) et qui retourne dans la position d'origine si une surintensité est absente, dans lequel, dans la zone du premier (4) et du deuxième (5) commutateur, il y a un élément de support du pont de contact mobile (6), ledit élément de support (7) étant monté de manière pivotante à l'intérieur d'une première portée (20) et étant supporté simultanément par un premier ressort (21) poussant l'élément de support (7) vers le deuxième commutateur (5), caractérisé en ce que
    sur l'élément de support (7), il y a un dispositif de maintien (22) du pont de contact mobile (6), d'autre part une butée (25) à proximité, sur laquelle l'extrémité supérieure (26) du pont de contact mobile (6) s'appuie avec une force exercée par un deuxième ressort (23), une deuxième portée (27) pour la partie fléchissante de la bilame (13) et une poignée (28) d'un bouton (29) pour la mise en circuit/hors circuit manuelle du commutateur, en ce que le pont de contact mobile (6) est formé dans la forme d'une croix, dont l'extrémité supérieure (26) est destinée à positionner correctement le pont de contact mobile (6) dans chaque mode de fonctionnement du commutateur, ses extrémités de croix (30) étant prévues comme des contacts complémentaires au premier (9) et au deuxième (10) contact fixe du deuxième commutateur (5) et l'extrémité inférieure la plus longue (15) du pont de contact mobile (6) étant prévue comme un contact complémentaire au troisième contact fixe (16) du premier commutateur (4).
  2. Commutateur de contact électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le raccordement du pont de contact mobile (6) au dispositif de maintien (22) ou à l'élément de support (7) est fait par l'intermédiaire du deuxième ressort (23), qui est positionné avec une de ses extrémités dans le dispositif de maintien de forme tubulaire (22) et avec son extrémité opposée entourant une saillie adéquate (24) sur le pont de contact mobile (6).
  3. Commutateur de contact électrique selon les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que, sur le percuteur (18) à proximité ou à l'intérieur de la bobine (17), il y a un troisième ressort (17a) et en ce qu'il y a un élément (17c), de préférence une bague de court-circuit, positionnée à l'intérieur d'un noyau de bobine (17b), ledit élément (17c) assurant la présence d'un champ magnétique permanent en courant alternatif à l'intérieur de la bobine (17).
  4. Commutateur de contact électrique selon les revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la butée (25) est faite d'une surface de contact inclinée (25a), ladite surface causant l'interruption successive tout d'abord du deuxième contact fixe (10) et de l'extrémité de croix appartenant (30) du pont de contact mobile (6), puis du premier contact fixe (9) et de la deuxième extrémité de croix, c'est-à-dire celle appartenant, (30) du pont de contact mobile (6).
EP08863905.9A 2007-12-24 2008-12-17 Commutateur automatique électrique Active EP2223321B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200831502T SI2223321T1 (sl) 2007-12-24 2008-12-17 Električno avtomatsko stikalo

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SI200700340A SI22697B (sl) 2007-12-24 2007-12-24 Električno avtomatsko stikalo
SI200800246A SI22899B (en) 2008-10-21 2008-10-21 Electric automatic switch
PCT/SI2008/000067 WO2009082358A1 (fr) 2007-12-24 2008-12-17 Commutateur automatique électrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2223321A1 EP2223321A1 (fr) 2010-09-01
EP2223321B1 true EP2223321B1 (fr) 2015-07-01

Family

ID=40578377

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08863905.9A Active EP2223321B1 (fr) 2007-12-24 2008-12-17 Commutateur automatique électrique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2223321B1 (fr)
SI (1) SI2223321T1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009082358A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SI2330611T1 (sl) * 2009-12-04 2012-08-31 Hager Electro S A S Soc Par Actions Simplifiee Selektivni odklopnik
CN204118012U (zh) * 2014-08-27 2015-01-21 浙江正泰电器股份有限公司 断路器的操作机构
FR3049760B1 (fr) * 2016-04-04 2019-08-23 Hager-Electro Sas Appareil electrique de type disjoncteur
KR20210069430A (ko) * 2019-12-03 2021-06-11 현대자동차주식회사 스위치

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10203443A1 (de) * 2002-01-30 2003-07-31 Abb Patent Gmbh Elektrisches Schaltgerät
DE10211902A1 (de) * 2002-03-18 2003-10-02 Eti Elektroelement Dd Leitungsschutzschalter mit Fehlerstromabschaltung
JP4090850B2 (ja) * 2002-11-13 2008-05-28 三菱電機株式会社 回路遮断器
WO2006085829A1 (fr) * 2005-02-09 2006-08-17 Eti Elektroelement D.D. Interrupteur electrique automatique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2223321A1 (fr) 2010-09-01
SI2223321T1 (sl) 2015-10-30
WO2009082358A1 (fr) 2009-07-02

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