EP2222547B1 - Adjustable buoyancy device - Google Patents
Adjustable buoyancy device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2222547B1 EP2222547B1 EP07871874A EP07871874A EP2222547B1 EP 2222547 B1 EP2222547 B1 EP 2222547B1 EP 07871874 A EP07871874 A EP 07871874A EP 07871874 A EP07871874 A EP 07871874A EP 2222547 B1 EP2222547 B1 EP 2222547B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- float
- volume
- piston
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
- B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
- B63C11/18—Air supply
- B63C11/22—Air supply carried by diver
- B63C11/2245—With provisions for connection to a buoyancy compensator
Definitions
- the present invention relates to buoyancy devices with constant and adjustable volume.
- the document US 4054132 reflects the closest state of the art.
- the technical field of the invention is the field of the realization of such adjustable buoyancy devices intended for any submersible entity, capable of submerging at different depths, such as an underwater diver which must compensate at any time, either an excess of weight not to sink, a surplus of buoyancy not to go back to the surface.
- Stabilization buoys are used in particular by the autonomous divers who, during their change of depth during a dive, must manually compensate the volume of their buoy, either by injecting air from the first stage regulator. their cylinder of gas, either by purging the buoy by acting on purge valves located in different places thereof; and this is necessary for each change of depth because the volume of air / gas buoy changes with the pressure variations associated with this change in depth and must be adjusted permanently otherwise the diver will not be able to stabilize at the desired depth.
- such a buoy being made from a flexible bladder generally polyurethane, the air / gas is always located in its upper part, which makes it difficult for the movements of the plunger carrying the buoy and, when this it is deflated, its shape is generally not very hydrodynamic.
- the problem is therefore to realize an adjustable buoyancy device in a range predetermined value, at a desired volume value which must then remain constant during a change of depth without operator intervention, thus providing it with a constant reserve of buoyancy irrespective of the ascending and descending displacements of the submersible entity to which the device is associated; and when this entity is the operator plunger itself, this device must allow it an ease of movement and have a shape as hydrodynamic as possible.
- said float comprises a rigid base on which is fixed and tensioned said flexible membrane, the latter determining with said rigid base said gas volume of the float, and the pressure reducer is a feed regulator and purge of gas, such that the internal pressure thereof in the volume of the float relative to the ambient ambient pressure is almost maintained at a predetermined value corresponding to a desired volume of buoyancy and therefore constant.
- the material in which the elastic membrane is made is chosen such that its modulus of elasticity remains almost constant in the deformation zone making it possible to obtain the desired buoyancy volume, this deformation being an almost monotonous function. and one-to-one of the relative internal pressure of the float.
- the result is a new buoyancy device that automatically keeps a constant volume at a value chosen by the operator, such as a diver, whatever the immersion of it.
- Such a device may comprise several floats capable of being distributed around a submersible entity, such as the diver himself, so that in immersion their resulting total thrust center is almost coincidental with the center of gravity of said entity or the diver, allowing him easier position changes.
- the characteristics of the float according to the invention gives it a hydrodynamic shape irrespective of its volume of inflation and the design of the pressure reducer allows a decrease in the size of the purge valves compared to those of buoys with a constant current volume, which, due to their low differential pressure operation, require large air / gas flow diameters.
- the submersible entity is a plunger 19 carrying a bottle or reserve of gas or air 32 on its back, as shown in FIG. Figure 1B , able to supply, thanks to a first stage expander 31 1 and a regulator-expander regulator 20, different floats 11 connected in parallel such as the three shown in FIG. figure 1 , one on the chest of the plunger 19 and the other two on either side of the reservoir bottle 32.
- the regulator 20 refers to the external ambient pressure 33 and allows, as defined hereinafter, the adjustment of the differential pressure between the interior of the floats 11 and said ambient external pressure hereafter.
- the volume of the floats 11 which can vary from 0 to 6 liters for example for an adjustable pressure ranging from 0 to 1 bar, remains constant regardless of the immersion.
- each float 11 comprises a resilient flexible membrane 23, fixed and tensioned on a rigid base 25.
- said rigid base 25 is convex and the elastic membrane 23 is placed and pretensioned against the convex face of this base 25 before anything else. filling of gas or air.
- the elastic membrane comprises one less a peripheral rib 26 which cooperates with a groove 22 of a counter-flange 21 which is fixed on the rigid base outside the rib 26 by sandwiching the edge of said membrane 23.
- the attachment between the base, the membrane and the counter-flange can be done by tightening bolts 34 passing through these three elements and without requiring a strong tightening due to the characteristics above rib-throat.
- the initial tension of the membrane is calculated to allow a work of this membrane 23 in an area where its modulus of elasticity is approximately constant or at least so that its deformation is a monotonic and one-to-one function of the pressure: the thickness and the mechanical characteristics of the membrane are chosen to have a given volume at the maximum pressure of output, to the float 11, chosen for the regulator 20.
- the air or gas is injected, between the convex surface of the rigid base 25 and the membrane, through an inlet / outlet orifice 28 and a connection 30 connecting each float 11 to the regulator-discharge regulator 20, in order to obtain a predetermined interior volume 29.
- the convex base 25 comprises stiffeners 27 in its external concave portion sized to prevent any deformation of the base during pressurization.
- it may comprise a bulge 24 which penetrates into the groove 22 of the counter-flange 21 in which it is crushed by the rib 26 of the base 25.
- the Figure 2A is an exploded view of a base, a membrane and a counter flange constituting a float 11 with a detail view 2B; the Figures 2C and 2D represent the same elements as the Figures 2A and 2B but once assembled by a system such as bolts nuts 34 or any other clamping system.
- the figure 2E is a view of a float 11 in active position with air or gas blown into its interior volume 29 and the figure 2F is a bottom view of the concave portion of the base 25 as an example.
- the expansion-discharge system 20 consists of a single regulator block, comprising an outer body or casing 1 consisting of several parts including a hollow central 1b of cylindrical shape receiving the elements below, and ends 1 a , 1 c screwed and closing this central part: in this one the valve purge 7, allowing the gas to escape outwardly 33 through the bleed holes 33 2 , from the inside of the float 11 through the connection 30 thereof to the port 2 of the pressure reducer 33.
- the pressure regulating piston 6 which carries the seat 9 of the purge valve 7, and which also controls the supply valve 2 gas or air through the orifices 31 2 from the expander 31 1 and towards the inside of the float 11 by said orifices 30 2 ; the valve 2 and the orifices 31 2 being located in an end portion 1c of the body 1.
- Each purge valve 7 and supply 2 having a seal integral with a face of a piston bearing against its closure seat, is compensated, that is to say that the inner surface defined by said seat bearing on the face of the piston seal holder is equal to the surface of the opposite face of the piston and subjected to the same downstream pressure through a bore made in said piston and communicating the two said faces, the upstream pressure is not s exerting only on at least part of the lateral faces of the piston.
- the opening force of said valves does not depend on the upstream pressure or the downstream pressure, but only the compressive force of the springs 16 and 17 which seal said valves on their seat support.
- Said springs are chosen with the lowest constants of stiffness possible in order to reduce the adjustment error of the upstream and downstream pressure differential which will ensure the opening of the valves: for example for a piston of 20 cm 2 , a compressive force 5 Newton springs represents a setting insensitivity of 0.025 bar.
- the helical spring 16 is supported at one of its ends inside the piston 6 and at its other end on the purge valve 7, which valve being limited in its displacement, caused by the thrust of the spring 16, by a stop 10 secured to the body 1 through a screw 12 described below and carried by the part 1 has end thereof opposite that carrying the valve 1 c 2, and disposed on the spring side 8 defined below .
- the helical spring 17 bears against one of its ends against the body 1 of the regulator block 20 and at its other end on the supply valve 2, the seat 4 of said valve being integral with the body 1 of the regulator block 20 .
- a third helical spring 8, as mentioned above, is supported at one of its ends on a stop 13 integral with the body 1 of the regulator block 20 and adjustable by a knob 15, and at its other end on the piston 6 , which piston is balanced on one side by its spring 8 and the external ambient pressure 33, and on the other side by the inflation pressure of the float 11.
- the operating mode of such a pressure reducer is such that the air or the feed gas arriving through the orifice 31 2 passes through the valve 2 to inflate the floats 11 through a chamber 18 closed by the piston 6: it is balanced by the action of the spring 8 bearing on the stop 13 adjustable by the wheel 15 acting on a screw 12 bearing on a thrust bearing 14 and the hydrostatic pressure on one side, and the action of the inflation pressure of the float on the other side.
- a stop 5 limits the displacement of the piston 6 in the event of significant imbalance, in order to limit the force on the rod 3.
- the rods 10 and 3 are adjustable to adjust the sensitivity of the pressure reducer 20 at the opening of the flush valves or supply and purge.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Self-Closing Valves And Venting Or Aerating Valves (AREA)
- Float Valves (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention a pour objet des dispositifs de flottabilité à volume constant et réglable. Le document
Le secteur technique de l'invention est le domaine de la réalisation de tels dispositifs de flottabilité réglables destinés à toute entité submersible, apte à s'immerger à différentes profondeurs, tel qu'un plongeur sous-marin qui doit compenser à tout moment, soit un excédent de poids pour ne pas couler, soit un surplus de flottabilité pour ne pas remonter en surface.The technical field of the invention is the field of the realization of such adjustable buoyancy devices intended for any submersible entity, capable of submerging at different depths, such as an underwater diver which must compensate at any time, either an excess of weight not to sink, a surplus of buoyancy not to go back to the surface.
On connaît en effet des bouées de stabilisation utilisées en particulier par les plongeurs autonomes qui, lors de leur changement de profondeur en cours de plongée, doivent compenser manuellement le volume de leur bouée, soit en injectant de l'air provenant du détendeur premier étage de leur bouteille de gaz, soit en purgeant la bouée en agissant sur des vannes de purge situées en différents endroits de celle-ci ; et cela est nécessaire à chaque changement de profondeur car le volume d'air/gaz de la bouée se modifie avec les variations de pression liées à ce changement de profondeur et doit donc être ajusté en permanence sous peine de ne pas permettre au plongeur de se stabiliser à la profondeur souhaitée.Stabilization buoys are used in particular by the autonomous divers who, during their change of depth during a dive, must manually compensate the volume of their buoy, either by injecting air from the first stage regulator. their cylinder of gas, either by purging the buoy by acting on purge valves located in different places thereof; and this is necessary for each change of depth because the volume of air / gas buoy changes with the pressure variations associated with this change in depth and must be adjusted permanently otherwise the diver will not be able to stabilize at the desired depth.
De plus, une telle bouée étant réalisée à partir d'une vessie souple en général en polyuréthane, l'air/gaz est toujours situé dans sa partie haute, ce qui rend difficile les mouvements du plongeur qui porte ladite bouée et, lorsque celle-ci est dégonflée, sa forme est généralement peu hydrodynamique.In addition, such a buoy being made from a flexible bladder generally polyurethane, the air / gas is always located in its upper part, which makes it difficult for the movements of the plunger carrying the buoy and, when this it is deflated, its shape is generally not very hydrodynamic.
Le problème posé est donc de réaliser un dispositif de flottabilité réglable dans une plage prédéterminée, à une valeur voulue de volume qui doit rester ensuite constant lors de changement de profondeur sans intervention de l'opérateur, offrant alors à celui-ci une réserve de flottabilité constante quels que soient les déplacements ascendants et descendants de l'entité submersible auxquels le dispositif est associé ; et quand cette entité est le plongeur opérateur lui-même, ce dispositif doit lui permettre une aisance de mouvement et avoir une forme la plus hydrodynamique possible.The problem is therefore to realize an adjustable buoyancy device in a range predetermined value, at a desired volume value which must then remain constant during a change of depth without operator intervention, thus providing it with a constant reserve of buoyancy irrespective of the ascending and descending displacements of the submersible entity to which the device is associated; and when this entity is the operator plunger itself, this device must allow it an ease of movement and have a shape as hydrodynamic as possible.
Une solution au problème posé est un dispositif de flottabilité à volume constant et réglable destiné à tout entité submersible, apte à s'immerger à différentes profondeurs, et comportant au moins un flotteur à membrane souple rempli d'un gaz et dont la pression est régulée en fonction de la profondeur d'immersion, et tel que :
- cette membrane est élastique et délimite un volume de gaz qui est fonction de l'élasticité de cette membrane et de la pression relative intérieure dudit volume par rapport à la pression ambiante externe,
- un système détendeur-déverseur assure l'alimentation et la purge dudit gaz vers ou depuis ledit volume interne du flotteur.
- this membrane is elastic and delimits a volume of gas which is a function of the elasticity of this membrane and the internal relative pressure of said volume relative to the external ambient pressure,
- an expansion-discharge system ensures the supply and the purge of said gas to or from said internal volume of the float.
Dans un mode préférentiel de réalisation ledit flotteur comporte un embase rigide sur laquelle est fixée et tendue ladite membrane souple, celle-ci déterminant avec ladite embase rigide ledit volume de gaz du flotteur, et le détendeur-déverseur est un régulateur d'alimentation et de purge de gaz, de telle façon que la pression interne de celui-ci dans le volume du flotteur relativement par rapport à la pression ambiante extérieure est quasi maintenue à une valeur prédéterminée correspondant à un volume de flottabilité voulu et donc constant.In a preferred embodiment said float comprises a rigid base on which is fixed and tensioned said flexible membrane, the latter determining with said rigid base said gas volume of the float, and the pressure reducer is a feed regulator and purge of gas, such that the internal pressure thereof in the volume of the float relative to the ambient ambient pressure is almost maintained at a predetermined value corresponding to a desired volume of buoyancy and therefore constant.
De plus, selon la présente invention le matériau dans lequel est réalisée la membrane élastique est choisi tel que son module d'élasticité reste quasi constant dans la zone de déformation permettant d'obtenir le volume de flottabilité voulu, cette déformation étant une fonction quasi monotone et biunivoque de la pression relative interne du flotteur.In addition, according to the present invention, the material in which the elastic membrane is made is chosen such that its modulus of elasticity remains almost constant in the deformation zone making it possible to obtain the desired buoyancy volume, this deformation being an almost monotonous function. and one-to-one of the relative internal pressure of the float.
D'autres particularités et caractéristiques de la présente invention sont précisées dans le cadre de la description et des figures ci-après.Other features and characteristics of the present invention are specified in the context of the description and figures below.
Le résultat est un nouveau dispositif de flottabilité qui permet de garder automatiquement un volume constant à une valeur choisie par l'opérateur, tel qu'un plongeur, quelle que soit l'immersion de celui-ci.The result is a new buoyancy device that automatically keeps a constant volume at a value chosen by the operator, such as a diver, whatever the immersion of it.
Un tel dispositif peut comporter plusieurs flotteurs aptes à être répartis autour d'une entité submersible, tel que le plongeur lui-même, de telle façon qu'en immersion leur centre de poussée totale résultant soit quasi confondu avec le centre de gravité de ladite entité ou du plongeur, lui permettant des changements de position plus faciles.Such a device may comprise several floats capable of being distributed around a submersible entity, such as the diver himself, so that in immersion their resulting total thrust center is almost coincidental with the center of gravity of said entity or the diver, allowing him easier position changes.
Les caractéristiques du flotteur selon l'invention lui donne une forme hydrodynamique quel que soit son volume de gonflage et la conception du détendeur-déverseur permet une diminution de la taille des vannes de purge par rapport à ceux des bouées à volume constant actuel, qui, du fait de leur fonctionnement à faible pression différentielle, nécessitent de gros diamètres de passage d'air/de gaz.The characteristics of the float according to the invention gives it a hydrodynamic shape irrespective of its volume of inflation and the design of the pressure reducer allows a decrease in the size of the purge valves compared to those of buoys with a constant current volume, which, due to their low differential pressure operation, require large air / gas flow diameters.
On pourrait citer d'autres avantages de la présente invention mais ceux cités ci-dessus en montrent déjà suffisamment pour en démontrer la nouveauté et l'intérêt.Other advantages of the present invention could be mentioned, but those mentioned above already show enough to demonstrate novelty and interest.
La description et les dessins ci-joints représentent des exemples de réalisation de l'invention mais n'ont aucun caractère limitatif : d'autres réalisations sont possibles dans le cadre de la portée et de l'étendue de la présente invention, tel qu'en particulier dans la forme et la réalisation des flotteurs et de leur embase.
- Les
figures 1A et 1B représentent un dispositif suivant l'invention et équipant un plongeur. - Les
figures 2A à 2F représentent différentes vues d'un flotteur suivant l'invention. - Les
figures 3A et 3B représentent respectivement une vue en perspective et une vue en coupe, suivant A, A' de lafigure 3A , d'un détendeur-déverseur suivant la présente invention.
- The
Figures 1A and 1B represent a device according to the invention and equipping a diver. - The
Figures 2A to 2F represent different views of a float according to the invention. - The
Figures 3A and 3B represent respectively a perspective view and a sectional view, along A, A 'of thefigure 3A , a pressure reducer according to the present invention.
Dans la présente description, on considérera que l'entité submersible est un plongeur 19 portant une bouteille ou réserve de gaz ou d'air 32 sur son dos, tel que représenté sur la
Le régulateur 20 prend référence sur la pression ambiante 33 externe et permet, tel que défini ci-après, le réglage de la pression différentielle entre l'intérieur des flotteurs 11 et ladite pression externe ambiante ci-après.The
Cette pression différentielle étant ainsi régulée, le volume des flotteurs 11, qui peut varier de 0 à 6 litres par exemple pour une pression réglable variant de 0 à 1 bar, reste constant quelle que soit l'immersion.This differential pressure being thus regulated, the volume of the
Pour cela chaque flotteur 11 comporte une membrane souple 23 élastique, fixée et tendue sur une embase rigide 25. De préférence ladite embase rigide 25 est convexe et la membrane élastique 23 est disposée et mise en prétension contre la face convexe de cette embase 25 avant tout remplissage de gaz ou d'air.For this purpose, each
Pour assurer une bonne étanchéité entre la membrane élastique et ladite embase, celle-ci comporte une moins une nervure 26 périphérique qui coopère avec une gorge 22 d'une contre-bride 21 qui est fixée sur l'embase rigide à l'extérieur de la nervure 26 en prenant en sandwich le bord de ladite membrane 23.To ensure a good seal between the elastic membrane and said base, it comprises one less a
La fixation entre l'embase, la membrane et la contre-bride peut se faire par serrage de boulons 34 traversant ces trois éléments et sans nécessiter un fort serrage du fait des caractéristiques ci-dessus nervure-gorge.The attachment between the base, the membrane and the counter-flange can be done by tightening
La tension initiale de la membrane, réalisée de préférence en élastomère à haute limite élastique et à forte élongation, est calculée pour permettre un travail de cette membrane 23 dans une zone où son module d'élasticité est à peu près constant ou tout au moins de telle sorte que sa déformation est une fonction monotone et biunivoque de la pression : l'épaisseur et les caractéristiques mécaniques de la membrane sont choisies pour avoir un volume donné à la pression maximum de sortie, vers le flotteur 11, choisie pour le régulateur 20.The initial tension of the membrane, preferably made of elastomer with high elastic limit and high elongation, is calculated to allow a work of this
L'air ou le gaz est injecté, entre la surface convexe de l'embase rigide 25 et la membrane, à travers un orifice d'entrée/sortie 28 et une connexion 30 reliant chaque flotteur 11 au régulateur détendeur-déverseur 20, afin d'obtenir un volume intérieur 29 prédéterminé.The air or gas is injected, between the convex surface of the
L'embase 25 convexe comporte des raidisseurs 27 dans sa partie concave externe dimensionnée pour éviter toute déformation de l'embase lors de la mise sous pression. Pour améliorer l'étanchéité la membrane 23, obtenue par moulage, celle-ci peut comporter un renflement 24 qui pénètre dans la gorge 22 de la contre-bride 21 dans laquelle il est écrasé par la nervure 26 de l'embase 25.The convex
La
Suivant les
Chaque clapet de purge 7 et d'alimentation 2, comportant un joint solidaire d'une face d'un piston venant en appui contre son siège de fermeture, est compensé, c'est-à -dire que la surface intérieure délimitée par ledit siège d'appui sur la face du piston porte-joint est égale à la surface de la face opposée du piston et soumise à la même pression aval grâce à un perçage réalisé dans ledit piston et faisant communiquer les deux dites faces, la pression amont ne s'exerçant que sur une partie au moins des faces latérales du piston. Ainsi l'effort d'ouverture desdits clapets ne dépend ni de la pression amont ni de la pression aval, mais seulement de l'effort de compression des ressorts 16 et 17 qui assurent l'étanchéité desdits clapets sur leur siège d'appui. Lesdits ressorts sont choisis avec des constantes de raideur les plus faibles possible afin de réduire l'erreur de réglage du différentiel de pression amont et aval qui assurera l'ouverture des clapets : par exemple pour un piston de 20 cm2, une force de compression des ressorts de 5 Newton représente une insensibilité de réglage de 0,025 bar.Each
Le ressort 16 hélicoïdal est en appui à une des ses extrémités à l'intérieur du piston 6 et à son autre extrémité sur le clapet de purge 7, lequel clapet étant limité dans son déplacement, provoqué par la poussée du ressort 16, par une butée 10 solidaire du corps 1, grâce à une vis 12 décrite ci-après et portée par la partie 1a d'extrémité de celui-ci opposée à celle 1c portant le clapet 2, et disposée du côté du ressort 8 défini ci-après.The
Le ressort 17 hélicoïdal est en appui quant à lui à une de ses extrémités contre le corps 1 du bloc régulateur 20 et à son autre extrémité sur le clapet d'alimentation 2, le siège 4 dudit clapet étant solidaire du corps 1 du bloc régulateur 20.The
Un troisième ressort 8 hélicoïdal, tel qu'évoqué ci-dessus, est en appui à une de ses extrémités sur une butée 13 solidaire du corps 1 du bloc régulateur 20 et réglable par une molette 15, et à son autre extrémité sur le piston 6, lequel piston étant équilibré d'un côté par son ressort 8 et la pression ambiante externe 33, et de l'autre côté par la pression de gonflage du flotteur 11.A third
Ainsi le mode de fonctionnement d'un tel détendeur-déverseur est tel que l'air ou le gaz d'alimentation arrivant par l'orifice 312 passe par le clapet 2 pour gonfler les flotteurs 11 à travers une chambre 18 fermée par le piston 6 : celui-ci est donc équilibré par l'action du ressort 8 en appui sur la butée 13 réglable par la molette 15 agissant sur une vis 12 en appui sur un roulement de butée 14 et la pression hydrostatique d'un côté, et l'action de la pression de gonflage du flotteur de l'autre côté.Thus the operating mode of such a pressure reducer is such that the air or the feed gas arriving through the orifice 31 2 passes through the
Si lors d'un changement de profondeur, tel qu'une immersion plus importante, la pression à l'intérieur du flotteur 11 devient alors plus faible que l'action du ressort 8 additionné de l'action de la pression hydrostatique qui a en effet alors augmenté, le piston 6 se déplace avec la tige 3 qui vient pousser et entraîner l'ouverture du clapet 2 équilibrée de chasse et qui vient admettre de l'air ou du gaz d'alimentation dans le flotteur 11 jusqu'à ce que l'équilibre du piston 6 vienne refermer le clapet 2 d'alimentation ou de chasse.If during a change of depth, such as a greater immersion, the pressure inside the
Une butée 5 limite le déplacement du piston 6 en cas de déséquilibre important, afin de limiter l'effort sur la tige 3.A
En sens inverse, tel que lors d'une diminution de la profondeur d'immersion, si la pression dans le flotteur 11 est plus forte que l'action du ressort 8 additionné de l'action de la pression hydrostatique qui a alors en effet diminué, le piston 6 se déplace dans l'autre sens et la tige 10 qui est fixe vient alors bloquer le clapet équilibré de purge 7 qui vient laisser échapper l'air provenant du flotteur 11 jusqu'à ce que l'équilibre du piston vienne refermer le clapet de purge 7.In the opposite direction, such as during a decrease in the depth of immersion, if the pressure in the
Les tiges 10 et 3 sont réglables afin d'ajuster la sensibilité du détendeur déverseur 20 à l'ouverture des clapets de chasse ou d'alimentation et de purge.The
Claims (10)
- Buoyancy device with a constant and adjustable volume designed for any submersible entity (19), capable of being immersed at different depths, and comprising at least one float (11) with a flexible membrane (23) filled with a gas and the pressure of which is adjusted according to the depth of immersion, characterised in that:- this membrane (23) is elastic and determines a volume of gas (29) which varies according to the elasticity of this membrane (23) and the relative internal pressure of said volume in relation to the external ambient pressure,- a pressure relief-discharge system (20) ensures the supply and release of said gas to or from said internal volume (29) of the float (11).
- Adjustable buoyancy device according to claim 1, characterised in that said float (11) comprises a rigid base (25) on which said flexible membrane (23) is fixed and stretched, the latter determining with said rigid base (25) said volume (29) of gas of the float (11).
- Buoyancy device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the material of which the elastic membrane (23) is made is such that its modulus of elasticity remains almost constant in the zone of deformation allowing the desired volume of buoyancy to be obtained, this deformation being an almost monotonic and bijective function of the relative internal pressure of the float (11).
- Buoyancy device according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterised in that the rigid base (25) of said float (11) is convex and the elastic membrane (23) is arranged and pre-stressed before any filling of gas takes place.
- Buoyancy device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterised in that the rigid base (25) comprises at least one peripheral ridge (26) which cooperates with at least one groove (22) of a counter-flange (21) which is fixed onto the rigid base on the outside of the ridge (26) sandwiching said membrane (23).
- Buoyancy device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the pressure reliever-discharger (20) is a regulator of the supply and release of gas in such a manner that the internal pressure of the latter in the volume of the float (11), relative to the external ambient pressure, is almost maintained at a predetermined value corresponding to a desired buoyancy volume.
- Buoyancy device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that it comprises several floats (11) capable of being distributed around the submersible entity (19) in such a manner that when immersed, their resulting total centre of buoyancy coincides almost exactly with the centre of gravity of said entity (19).
- Buoyancy device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the pressure relief-discharge system (20) is constituted of one single regulator block in which the purge valve (7) allowing the gas to escape towards the exterior of the float (11) is built into the pressure adjusting piston (6) which bears the seat (9) of the purge valve (7) and which also ensures the control of the gas supply valve (2) into the interior of the float (11).
- Buoyancy device according to claim 8, characterised in that each purge valve (7) and service valve (2), comprising a joint integral with one face of a piston bearing against its closure seat, is offset, the interior surface determined by said supporting seat on the face of the seal-bearing piston being equal to the surface of the opposite face of the piston and subjected to the same downstream pressure thanks to a piercing made in the said piston and causing the two faces to communicate, the upstream pressure only being exerted on at least one part of the side faces of the piston.
- Buoyancy device according to any one of claims 8 or 9, characterised in that the control block (20) comprises:- a helical spring (8) supported on one of its ends by a stop (13) integral with the body (1) of the control block (20) and adjustable by a control wheel (15) and on its other end on the piston (6), the said piston being balanced on one side by its spring (8) and the external ambient pressure, and on the other side by the inflation pressure of the float (11),- a helical spring (16) supported on one of its ends by the interior of the piston (6) and on the other end by the purge valve (7), said valve being limited, in its displacement caused by the thrust of the spring (16), by a stop (10) integral with the body (1) of the control block (20) and arranged next to the spring (8),- a helical spring (17) supported on one of its ends against the body (1) of the control block (20) and on its other end on the service valve (2), the seat (4) of said valve being integral with the body (1) of the control block (20).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0610839A FR2909635B1 (en) | 2006-12-12 | 2006-12-12 | ADJUSTABLE FLOATABILITY DEVICE |
PCT/FR2007/052438 WO2008081127A2 (en) | 2006-12-12 | 2007-12-04 | Adjustable buoyancy device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2222547A2 EP2222547A2 (en) | 2010-09-01 |
EP2222547B1 true EP2222547B1 (en) | 2012-06-06 |
Family
ID=38337992
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP07871874A Not-in-force EP2222547B1 (en) | 2006-12-12 | 2007-12-04 | Adjustable buoyancy device |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8517635B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2222547B1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2389273T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2909635B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008081127A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
MX2018016401A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2019-09-02 | Cahana Aviad | Lightweight, adjustable bouyancy scuba unit. |
US11134084B1 (en) | 2018-08-22 | 2021-09-28 | Hid Global Corporation | Diversified authentication and access control |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3054414A (en) * | 1960-03-07 | 1962-09-18 | Gerald B Blackwell | Underwater air supply regulator |
US3179118A (en) * | 1962-04-16 | 1965-04-20 | Dacor Corp | Underwater breathing apparatus |
US3495607A (en) * | 1964-09-14 | 1970-02-17 | Voit Rubber Corp | First stage regulator and reserve valve in common housing |
US3436777A (en) * | 1967-06-22 | 1969-04-08 | Alden T Greenwood | Diver's jacket and buoyancy control device |
ES404538A1 (en) * | 1972-07-05 | 1975-06-16 | Nemrod Metzeler Sa | Diving valves and regulators |
US4054132A (en) * | 1975-04-14 | 1977-10-18 | Douglas Allen Deeds | Integrated diving system |
GB1532411A (en) * | 1975-12-22 | 1978-11-15 | Pope D | Bouyancy regulation |
US4561853A (en) * | 1983-04-18 | 1985-12-31 | U.S.D. Corp | Buoyancy compensator, bladder, and process of manufacture |
US5221161A (en) * | 1992-05-26 | 1993-06-22 | Toy Jeffrey W | Ballast tank for buoyancy compensation |
US5403123A (en) * | 1992-07-29 | 1995-04-04 | Walters; William D. | Gas impermeable, elastically deformable laminate and inflatable articles formed therefrom |
US5980158A (en) * | 1995-07-10 | 1999-11-09 | Griffiths; John M. | Buoyancy compensation device with restraining means |
US5542446A (en) * | 1995-08-08 | 1996-08-06 | Rose; Richard H. | Scuba buoyancy control valve |
US5660503A (en) * | 1996-01-11 | 1997-08-26 | Lewis; R. David | Light weight scuba with buoyancy control |
IT1287785B1 (en) * | 1996-05-16 | 1998-08-18 | Htm Sport Spa | PRESSURE REDUCER, FOR THE FIRST STAGE OF REDUCTION OF TWO-STAGE UNDERWATER SCUBA RESPIRATORS. |
US6341921B1 (en) * | 2000-05-11 | 2002-01-29 | Steve Anderson | Self-adjusting lumbar support for buoyancy compensator vest |
US20040142801A1 (en) * | 2002-01-03 | 2004-07-22 | Asia Regent Limited | Compliant body-pressing exerciser |
US20070155601A1 (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2007-07-05 | Dykgraaf Brenda S | Inflatable exercise device |
-
2006
- 2006-12-12 FR FR0610839A patent/FR2909635B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-12-04 US US12/745,716 patent/US8517635B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-12-04 EP EP07871874A patent/EP2222547B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-12-04 WO PCT/FR2007/052438 patent/WO2008081127A2/en active Application Filing
- 2007-12-04 ES ES07871874T patent/ES2389273T3/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2008081127A2 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
US8517635B2 (en) | 2013-08-27 |
EP2222547A2 (en) | 2010-09-01 |
WO2008081127A3 (en) | 2008-11-27 |
US20100304629A1 (en) | 2010-12-02 |
FR2909635A1 (en) | 2008-06-13 |
FR2909635B1 (en) | 2009-03-06 |
ES2389273T3 (en) | 2012-10-24 |
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