EP2222547B1 - Vorrichtung mit einstellbarem auftrieb - Google Patents

Vorrichtung mit einstellbarem auftrieb Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2222547B1
EP2222547B1 EP07871874A EP07871874A EP2222547B1 EP 2222547 B1 EP2222547 B1 EP 2222547B1 EP 07871874 A EP07871874 A EP 07871874A EP 07871874 A EP07871874 A EP 07871874A EP 2222547 B1 EP2222547 B1 EP 2222547B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure
float
volume
piston
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP07871874A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2222547A2 (de
Inventor
Jean-Michel Onofri
Etienne Clamagirand
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP2222547A2 publication Critical patent/EP2222547A2/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2222547B1 publication Critical patent/EP2222547B1/de
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/02—Divers' equipment
    • B63C11/18—Air supply
    • B63C11/22—Air supply carried by diver
    • B63C11/2245—With provisions for connection to a buoyancy compensator

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to buoyancy devices with constant and adjustable volume.
  • the document US 4054132 reflects the closest state of the art.
  • the technical field of the invention is the field of the realization of such adjustable buoyancy devices intended for any submersible entity, capable of submerging at different depths, such as an underwater diver which must compensate at any time, either an excess of weight not to sink, a surplus of buoyancy not to go back to the surface.
  • Stabilization buoys are used in particular by the autonomous divers who, during their change of depth during a dive, must manually compensate the volume of their buoy, either by injecting air from the first stage regulator. their cylinder of gas, either by purging the buoy by acting on purge valves located in different places thereof; and this is necessary for each change of depth because the volume of air / gas buoy changes with the pressure variations associated with this change in depth and must be adjusted permanently otherwise the diver will not be able to stabilize at the desired depth.
  • such a buoy being made from a flexible bladder generally polyurethane, the air / gas is always located in its upper part, which makes it difficult for the movements of the plunger carrying the buoy and, when this it is deflated, its shape is generally not very hydrodynamic.
  • the problem is therefore to realize an adjustable buoyancy device in a range predetermined value, at a desired volume value which must then remain constant during a change of depth without operator intervention, thus providing it with a constant reserve of buoyancy irrespective of the ascending and descending displacements of the submersible entity to which the device is associated; and when this entity is the operator plunger itself, this device must allow it an ease of movement and have a shape as hydrodynamic as possible.
  • said float comprises a rigid base on which is fixed and tensioned said flexible membrane, the latter determining with said rigid base said gas volume of the float, and the pressure reducer is a feed regulator and purge of gas, such that the internal pressure thereof in the volume of the float relative to the ambient ambient pressure is almost maintained at a predetermined value corresponding to a desired volume of buoyancy and therefore constant.
  • the material in which the elastic membrane is made is chosen such that its modulus of elasticity remains almost constant in the deformation zone making it possible to obtain the desired buoyancy volume, this deformation being an almost monotonous function. and one-to-one of the relative internal pressure of the float.
  • the result is a new buoyancy device that automatically keeps a constant volume at a value chosen by the operator, such as a diver, whatever the immersion of it.
  • Such a device may comprise several floats capable of being distributed around a submersible entity, such as the diver himself, so that in immersion their resulting total thrust center is almost coincidental with the center of gravity of said entity or the diver, allowing him easier position changes.
  • the characteristics of the float according to the invention gives it a hydrodynamic shape irrespective of its volume of inflation and the design of the pressure reducer allows a decrease in the size of the purge valves compared to those of buoys with a constant current volume, which, due to their low differential pressure operation, require large air / gas flow diameters.
  • the submersible entity is a plunger 19 carrying a bottle or reserve of gas or air 32 on its back, as shown in FIG. Figure 1B , able to supply, thanks to a first stage expander 31 1 and a regulator-expander regulator 20, different floats 11 connected in parallel such as the three shown in FIG. figure 1 , one on the chest of the plunger 19 and the other two on either side of the reservoir bottle 32.
  • the regulator 20 refers to the external ambient pressure 33 and allows, as defined hereinafter, the adjustment of the differential pressure between the interior of the floats 11 and said ambient external pressure hereafter.
  • the volume of the floats 11 which can vary from 0 to 6 liters for example for an adjustable pressure ranging from 0 to 1 bar, remains constant regardless of the immersion.
  • each float 11 comprises a resilient flexible membrane 23, fixed and tensioned on a rigid base 25.
  • said rigid base 25 is convex and the elastic membrane 23 is placed and pretensioned against the convex face of this base 25 before anything else. filling of gas or air.
  • the elastic membrane comprises one less a peripheral rib 26 which cooperates with a groove 22 of a counter-flange 21 which is fixed on the rigid base outside the rib 26 by sandwiching the edge of said membrane 23.
  • the attachment between the base, the membrane and the counter-flange can be done by tightening bolts 34 passing through these three elements and without requiring a strong tightening due to the characteristics above rib-throat.
  • the initial tension of the membrane is calculated to allow a work of this membrane 23 in an area where its modulus of elasticity is approximately constant or at least so that its deformation is a monotonic and one-to-one function of the pressure: the thickness and the mechanical characteristics of the membrane are chosen to have a given volume at the maximum pressure of output, to the float 11, chosen for the regulator 20.
  • the air or gas is injected, between the convex surface of the rigid base 25 and the membrane, through an inlet / outlet orifice 28 and a connection 30 connecting each float 11 to the regulator-discharge regulator 20, in order to obtain a predetermined interior volume 29.
  • the convex base 25 comprises stiffeners 27 in its external concave portion sized to prevent any deformation of the base during pressurization.
  • it may comprise a bulge 24 which penetrates into the groove 22 of the counter-flange 21 in which it is crushed by the rib 26 of the base 25.
  • the Figure 2A is an exploded view of a base, a membrane and a counter flange constituting a float 11 with a detail view 2B; the Figures 2C and 2D represent the same elements as the Figures 2A and 2B but once assembled by a system such as bolts nuts 34 or any other clamping system.
  • the figure 2E is a view of a float 11 in active position with air or gas blown into its interior volume 29 and the figure 2F is a bottom view of the concave portion of the base 25 as an example.
  • the expansion-discharge system 20 consists of a single regulator block, comprising an outer body or casing 1 consisting of several parts including a hollow central 1b of cylindrical shape receiving the elements below, and ends 1 a , 1 c screwed and closing this central part: in this one the valve purge 7, allowing the gas to escape outwardly 33 through the bleed holes 33 2 , from the inside of the float 11 through the connection 30 thereof to the port 2 of the pressure reducer 33.
  • the pressure regulating piston 6 which carries the seat 9 of the purge valve 7, and which also controls the supply valve 2 gas or air through the orifices 31 2 from the expander 31 1 and towards the inside of the float 11 by said orifices 30 2 ; the valve 2 and the orifices 31 2 being located in an end portion 1c of the body 1.
  • Each purge valve 7 and supply 2 having a seal integral with a face of a piston bearing against its closure seat, is compensated, that is to say that the inner surface defined by said seat bearing on the face of the piston seal holder is equal to the surface of the opposite face of the piston and subjected to the same downstream pressure through a bore made in said piston and communicating the two said faces, the upstream pressure is not s exerting only on at least part of the lateral faces of the piston.
  • the opening force of said valves does not depend on the upstream pressure or the downstream pressure, but only the compressive force of the springs 16 and 17 which seal said valves on their seat support.
  • Said springs are chosen with the lowest constants of stiffness possible in order to reduce the adjustment error of the upstream and downstream pressure differential which will ensure the opening of the valves: for example for a piston of 20 cm 2 , a compressive force 5 Newton springs represents a setting insensitivity of 0.025 bar.
  • the helical spring 16 is supported at one of its ends inside the piston 6 and at its other end on the purge valve 7, which valve being limited in its displacement, caused by the thrust of the spring 16, by a stop 10 secured to the body 1 through a screw 12 described below and carried by the part 1 has end thereof opposite that carrying the valve 1 c 2, and disposed on the spring side 8 defined below .
  • the helical spring 17 bears against one of its ends against the body 1 of the regulator block 20 and at its other end on the supply valve 2, the seat 4 of said valve being integral with the body 1 of the regulator block 20 .
  • a third helical spring 8, as mentioned above, is supported at one of its ends on a stop 13 integral with the body 1 of the regulator block 20 and adjustable by a knob 15, and at its other end on the piston 6 , which piston is balanced on one side by its spring 8 and the external ambient pressure 33, and on the other side by the inflation pressure of the float 11.
  • the operating mode of such a pressure reducer is such that the air or the feed gas arriving through the orifice 31 2 passes through the valve 2 to inflate the floats 11 through a chamber 18 closed by the piston 6: it is balanced by the action of the spring 8 bearing on the stop 13 adjustable by the wheel 15 acting on a screw 12 bearing on a thrust bearing 14 and the hydrostatic pressure on one side, and the action of the inflation pressure of the float on the other side.
  • a stop 5 limits the displacement of the piston 6 in the event of significant imbalance, in order to limit the force on the rod 3.
  • the rods 10 and 3 are adjustable to adjust the sensitivity of the pressure reducer 20 at the opening of the flush valves or supply and purge.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Self-Closing Valves And Venting Or Aerating Valves (AREA)
  • Float Valves (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Auftriebsvorrichtung mit konstantem und einstellbarem Volumen für eine beliebige Taucheinheit (19), die so ausgebildet ist, dass sie in unterschiedliche Tiefen tauchen kann, und mit wenigstens einem Auftriebskörper (11) mit einer nachgiebigen Membrane (23), der mit einem Gas gefüllt ist und dessen Druck in Abhängigkeit von der Tauchtiefe eingestellt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass:
    - diese Membrane (23) elastisch ist und ein Gasvolumen (29) begrenzt, das abhängig ist von der Elastizität dieser Membrane (23) und des in Bezug zu dem äußeren Umgebungsdruck relativen Innendrucks des Volumens,
    - ein Druckminderer-Überströmer-System (20) das Zuführen oder Ausblasen des Gases zum Innenvolumen (29) des Auftriebskörpers (11) hin oder aus diesem sicherstellt.
  2. Einstellbare Auftriebsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Auftriebskörper (11) eine steife Befestigungsfläche (25) umfasst, auf welcher die nachgiebige Membrane (23) befestigt und gehalten wird, wobei diese mit der steifen Befestigungsfläche (25) das Gasvolumen (29) des Auftriebskörpers (11) bestimmt.
  3. Auftriebsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Material, aus welchem die elastische Membrane (23) hergestellt ist, so ist, dass ihr Elastizitätsmodul in der Verformungszone quasi konstant bleibt, was erlaubt, das gewünschte Auftriebsvolumen zu erhalten, wobei diese Verformung eine quasi monotone und eineindeutige Abhängigkeit von dem relativen Innendruck des Auftriebskörpers (11) hat.
  4. Auftriebsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die steife Befestigungsfläche (25) des Auftriebskörpers (11) konvex ist und die elastische Membrane (23) vor jeder Gasbefüllung angeordnet und unter Druck gesetzt wird.
  5. Auftriebsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die steife Befestigungsfläche (25) wenigstens eine Umfangsrippe (26) aufweist, die mit wenigstens einer Hohlkehle (22) eines Gegenflansches (21) zusammenwirkt, der auf der steifen Basis außerhalb der Rippe (26) unter Aufnahme der Membrane (23) in Sandwich-Bauweise befestigt ist.
  6. Auftriebsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druckminderer-Überströmer (20) ein Zuführ- und Ausblasregler für das Gas ist, der so funktioniert, dass der Innendruck desselben im Volumen des Auftriebskörpers (11), relativ zum äußeren Umgebungsdruck, quasi auf einem vorbestimmten Wert gehalten wird, der einem gewünschten Auftriebsvolumen entspricht.
  7. Auftriebsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese mehrere Auftriebskörper (11) umfasst, die so ausgebildet sind, dass diese um die Taucheinrichtung (19) herum verteilt sind, derart, dass beim Tauchen ihr resultierender gesamter Druckmittelpunkt quasi mit dem Schwerpunkt der Einrichtung (19) zusammenfällt.
  8. Auftriebsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Überströmer-Druckminderer-System (20) gebildet wird aus einem einzigen Reglerblock, in welchem die Ausblas-Ventilklappe (7), welche dem Gas ermöglicht, aus dem Auftriebskörper (11) nach außen zu entweichen, in den Druckreglerkolben (6) integriert ist, der den Sitz (9) der Ausblas-Ventilklappe (7) trägt und der auch die Steuerung der Ventilklappe (2) für die Gaszuführung in das Innere des Auftriebskörpers (11) sicherstellt.
  9. Auftriebskörper nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede Ausblas-(7)- und Zuführ (2)-Ventilklappe, die eine feste Verbindung zu einer Fläche eines Kolbens aufweist, die zur Anlage an seinem Schließsitz kommt, ausgeglichen wird, wobei die durch den Anschlagsitz an der die Verbindung tragenden Fläche des Kolbens begrenzte Innenfläche gleich der Oberfläche der entgegengesetzten Seite des Kolbens ist und aufgrund einer in dem Kolben ausgeführten und die zwei Seiten in Kommunikation bringenden Bohrung stromabwärts dem gleichen Druck ausgesetzt ist, wobei der stromaufwärts herrschende Druck nur auf wenigstens einen Bereich der Seitenflächen des Kolbens wirkt.
  10. Auftriebsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Reglerblock (20) umfasst:
    - eine Schraubenfeder (8), die mit einem ihrer beiden Enden an einem Widerlager (13) anliegt, das fest mit dem Gehäuse (1) des Reglerblocks (20) verbunden ist, und die durch ein Rädchen (15) einstellbar ist, und an ihrem anderen Ende an den Kolben (6) anstößt, wobei der Kolben einerseits durch seine Feder (8) und den äußeren Umgebungsdruck und anderseits durch den Aufblasdruck des Auftriebskörpers (11) in Gleichgewicht gebracht wird,
    - eine Schraubenfeder (16), die mit einem ihrer Enden an der Innenseite des Kolbens (6) und mit ihrem anderen Ende an der Ausblas-Ventilklappe (7) anliegt, wobei die Ventilklappe in ihrer durch den Druck der Feder (16) provozierten Verschiebung durch ein Widerlager (10) begrenzt ist, das mit dem Gehäuse (1) des Reglerblocks (20) fest verbunden ist und an einer Seite der Feder (8) angeordnet ist,
    - eine Schraubenfeder (17), die mit einem ihrer Enden an dem Gehäuse (1) des Reglerblocks (20) und mit ihrem anderen Ende an der Zuführ-Ventilklappe (2) anliegt, wobei der Sitz (4) der Ventilklappe fest mit dem Gehäuse (1) des Reglerblocks (20) verbunden ist.
EP07871874A 2006-12-12 2007-12-04 Vorrichtung mit einstellbarem auftrieb Not-in-force EP2222547B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0610839A FR2909635B1 (fr) 2006-12-12 2006-12-12 Dispositif de flottabilite reglable
PCT/FR2007/052438 WO2008081127A2 (fr) 2006-12-12 2007-12-04 Dispositif de flottabilité réglable

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2222547A2 EP2222547A2 (de) 2010-09-01
EP2222547B1 true EP2222547B1 (de) 2012-06-06

Family

ID=38337992

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP07871874A Not-in-force EP2222547B1 (de) 2006-12-12 2007-12-04 Vorrichtung mit einstellbarem auftrieb

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US8517635B2 (de)
EP (1) EP2222547B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2389273T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2909635B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2008081127A2 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MX2018016401A (es) * 2016-06-24 2019-09-02 Cahana Aviad Unidad de buceo con flotabilidad ajustable, de peso ligero.
US11134084B1 (en) 2018-08-22 2021-09-28 Hid Global Corporation Diversified authentication and access control

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3054414A (en) * 1960-03-07 1962-09-18 Gerald B Blackwell Underwater air supply regulator
US3179118A (en) * 1962-04-16 1965-04-20 Dacor Corp Underwater breathing apparatus
US3495607A (en) * 1964-09-14 1970-02-17 Voit Rubber Corp First stage regulator and reserve valve in common housing
US3436777A (en) * 1967-06-22 1969-04-08 Alden T Greenwood Diver's jacket and buoyancy control device
ES404538A1 (es) * 1972-07-05 1975-06-16 Nemrod Metzeler Sa Mejoras introducidas en la fabricacion de manorreductores de depresion para buceo.
US4054132A (en) * 1975-04-14 1977-10-18 Douglas Allen Deeds Integrated diving system
GB1532411A (en) * 1975-12-22 1978-11-15 Pope D Bouyancy regulation
US4561853A (en) * 1983-04-18 1985-12-31 U.S.D. Corp Buoyancy compensator, bladder, and process of manufacture
US5221161A (en) * 1992-05-26 1993-06-22 Toy Jeffrey W Ballast tank for buoyancy compensation
US5403123A (en) * 1992-07-29 1995-04-04 Walters; William D. Gas impermeable, elastically deformable laminate and inflatable articles formed therefrom
US5980158A (en) * 1995-07-10 1999-11-09 Griffiths; John M. Buoyancy compensation device with restraining means
US5542446A (en) * 1995-08-08 1996-08-06 Rose; Richard H. Scuba buoyancy control valve
US5660503A (en) * 1996-01-11 1997-08-26 Lewis; R. David Light weight scuba with buoyancy control
IT1287785B1 (it) * 1996-05-16 1998-08-18 Htm Sport Spa Riduttore di pressione, per il primo stadio di riduzione degli autorespiratori subacquei bistadio.
US6341921B1 (en) * 2000-05-11 2002-01-29 Steve Anderson Self-adjusting lumbar support for buoyancy compensator vest
US20040142801A1 (en) * 2002-01-03 2004-07-22 Asia Regent Limited Compliant body-pressing exerciser
US20070155601A1 (en) * 2005-12-30 2007-07-05 Dykgraaf Brenda S Inflatable exercise device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2008081127A2 (fr) 2008-07-10
US8517635B2 (en) 2013-08-27
EP2222547A2 (de) 2010-09-01
WO2008081127A3 (fr) 2008-11-27
US20100304629A1 (en) 2010-12-02
FR2909635A1 (fr) 2008-06-13
FR2909635B1 (fr) 2009-03-06
ES2389273T3 (es) 2012-10-24

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