EP2222426B1 - Method for controlling or regulating a temperature - Google Patents

Method for controlling or regulating a temperature Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2222426B1
EP2222426B1 EP08857319.1A EP08857319A EP2222426B1 EP 2222426 B1 EP2222426 B1 EP 2222426B1 EP 08857319 A EP08857319 A EP 08857319A EP 2222426 B1 EP2222426 B1 EP 2222426B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
strip
strand
temperature
target temperature
controlling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP08857319.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2222426A1 (en
Inventor
Horst Gärtner
Heinz-Jürgen Oudehinken
Wolfgang Sauer
Thomas Heimann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SMS Group GmbH
Original Assignee
SMS Group GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SMS Group GmbH filed Critical SMS Group GmbH
Publication of EP2222426A1 publication Critical patent/EP2222426A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2222426B1 publication Critical patent/EP2222426B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
    • B22D11/22—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould
    • B22D11/225—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould for secondary cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/12—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ
    • B22D11/1206—Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ for plastic shaping of strands

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling or regulating the temperature of a casting strand in a continuous casting installation with a control or regulating unit for controlling or regulating the temperature of the casting strand in a secondary cooling of a continuous casting installation with at least one means for cooling the casting strand.
  • the strand of the casting material is cooled behind the mold until it solidifies completely in the so-called secondary cooling.
  • This cooling process plays a crucial role in the material quality of the strand.
  • the complete solidification should take place within the roll segments of the continuous caster, which support the strand with a liquid core.
  • the aim is that the cooling rates of the strand cooling and the temperature range for the strand shell are dimensioned so that the cast strand solidifies without errors.
  • cooling is carried out by spray water cooling, the spray water quantity being controlled by specifying spray water tables.
  • these spray water tables contain the amount of cooling water to be set for the spray water for each cooling zone. Certain amounts of water are therefore specified for different casting speeds.
  • the operator of the system selects a suitable table that is used to set the water quantities in the secondary cooling becomes. The handling of the many different tables for different operating conditions is complex and troublesome in everyday casting.
  • the target temperatures for regulating secondary cooling are automatically and dynamically adapted to the current conditions.
  • the complex handling of the numerous tables, which is still required in the prior art, is at least partially unnecessary for an operator.
  • the setpoint temperatures are usually preset so that normal operation of the system with the casting parameters to be expected (for example, casting temperature, casting speed) is possible.
  • the invention provides for the target temperatures to be dynamically adapted to the prevailing circumstances, that is to say any changed casting parameters.
  • the target temperatures are reset to their original values. This control / regulation of the target temperature takes place in a separate / separate first module within the entire control and regulation unit.
  • the data and / or signals which the control or regulating unit receives are, in particular, the temperature value of the casting strand at at least one position, the temperature value either being calculated or measured.
  • the temperatures of the casting strand can advantageously be measured in addition to the calculation in order to compare the temperature calculation with the measurement.
  • the control or regulating unit uses the received and determined data and / or signals to determine the state of the casting strand at at least one position and controls or regulates the temperature of the casting strand at at least one position in a second module, taking into account the adjusted target temperature and requirements of the casting process through suitable cooling.
  • the setpoint temperature of the casting strand is dynamically adjusted at at least one position as a function of the outlet temperature of the casting strand from the mold.
  • control or regulating unit uses the determined and / or received data or signals to determine the deflection of the strand and / or the strand shell between at least individual rollers. It is advantageous if the control or regulating unit uses the determined and / or received data or signals to determine an elongation of the strand and / or strand shell between at least individual rollers. It is also an advantage that the value of the determines deflection and / or elongation is compared with a comparison value and a warning is triggered if a limit value is exceeded.
  • the value of the determined deflection and / or elongation is compared with a comparison value and if a limit value is exceeded, the setpoint temperature of the strand is lowered at least in the region of the strand in which the excess is determined. Furthermore, it is expedient if the setpoint temperature or the setpoint temperatures is adjusted such that the deflection and / or the expansions does not exceed the permissible limit values for essentially the entire area of the secondary cooling.
  • the control or regulating unit uses the determined and / or received data and / or signals to determine a ductility of the strand. It is expedient if the determined ductility of the strand is compared with a predeterminable limit value of the ductility and a warning is triggered if the limit value is undershot. It is also expedient if the specific ductility of the strand is compared with a predeterminable limit value of the ductility and if the temperature falls below the limit value, the target temperature of the strand is raised. It is also advantageous if the ductility of the strand is preferably determined for an area in front of a bending and / or straightening unit of the continuous casting installation.
  • control or regulating unit determines a solidification length of the strand on the basis of determined and / or received data and / or signals, the specific solidification length of the strand being compared with a predefinable limit value and if the limit value is exceeded, an increase in the desired temperature of the strand is initiated. It is also advantageous if the control unit regulates the target temperature of the strand is selected in such a way that the limit values are essentially reached.
  • a parameter for the control can be, for example, the full utilization of the existing production capacity, such as using the available strand support in the continuous casting plant with regard to the solidification length essentially to the end.
  • the mathematical solidification length can therefore be taken into account when controlling or regulating the temperature or cooling.
  • Another advantageous parameter for controlling the cooling can be the achievement and compliance with at least individual quality parameters for the strand, some new steel types being sensitive to unfavorable cooling processes, so that the cooling rate is a control parameter in order to favorably influence the strip quality.
  • the strand temperature at the mold outlet also changes.
  • the subsequent cooling should take this into account, so that there are no quality problems, for example in the form of excessive thermal stresses, which could lead to cracks in some sensitive types of steel.
  • the strand of the continuous caster has the property of bulging out between the supporting roles. If the bulges are too large, high bending stresses and internal expansions may arise. This in turn could lead to strand damage.
  • the maximum permissible bulging is advantageously specified as a function of the casting parameters, such as, for example, the casting speed and / or the casting temperature.
  • the strand In the event that the strand is bent or straightened, it experiences additional strains and tensions. The strand material should then be able to withstand these additional expansions and tensions without substantial crack damage occurring. If the strand is brittle, it could crack the surface. In order to avoid such cracks as far as possible, it is advantageous if the strand is bent and straightened in a temperature range in which the strand is suitably ductile.
  • the invention relates to a control method or a regulating method, in particular for secondary cooling of a continuous caster.
  • Figure 1 schematically shows a continuous casting plant 1 with a mold 7 and a strand guide 8 and with a casting strand 2.
  • the control or regulation of the temperature is carried out automatically without the intervention of an operator or semi-automatically, in which case the control or regulating unit 3 determines the state of the continuous casting plant 1 analyzed on the basis of the available measurement data and making suggestions to the operator for setting various manipulated variables.
  • the continuous casting installation 1 also has means 4, 5 for data or signal acquisition, such as sensors.
  • temperature sensors 4 are arranged along the strand 2.
  • the means 4, 5 detect, that is to say detect or calculate, state variables of the strand or the continuous casting installation and pass this data on to the control or regulating unit 3, which dynamically determines the desired temperature or the desired temperatures of the strand 2 on the basis of the signals and / or data and on the basis of this controls the coolant 6 in order to achieve the desired temperature in the respective areas of the strand 2 the setpoint temperature is changed in such a way that the setpoint temperatures are dynamically adjusted as a function of the conditions of the cast strand.
  • a calculation of the temperature of the casting strand is advantageously carried out and the cooling or the amount of spray water is regulated in order to achieve the target temperature by regulation.
  • a catalog of the temperature target curves is also advantageously used. It is advantageous according to the invention that a monitoring module is fed by the temperature calculation, so that the bulging, the ductility and the distance from solidification to the end of the system are determined in this monitoring module. These specific values are compared with limit values and either a warning is issued and / or a dynamic adaptation of the target temperature or the target temperatures is carried out. This also applies to the Figure 6 referred.
  • the thermal stresses in the strand shell at the mold exit are reduced. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the control or regulation reduces or avoids operating states in which bulge of the strand between rollers becomes too large. It is also advantageous if the control or regulation prevents or reduces operating states in which the strand is bent or straightened in a temperature range in which the strand material is brittle. In addition, it is expedient if the open-loop or closed-loop control monitors the solidification length of the strand and preferably avoids or possibly reduces that the solidification length of the strand is longer than the distance to the end of the strand support, so that the strand already behind the end of the strand support is essentially frozen.
  • the control method according to the invention for controlling or regulating the temperature in the secondary cooling of the casting strand is based on a temperature regulation, at least one, but advantageously a plurality of target temperature distributions for the strand surface being stored as selectable default values in the memory of a control or regulating unit.
  • control or regulating unit 3 has a stored data record, such as a table in which a suitable target temperature distribution is assigned for each usable or editable material or for each usable or processable group of materials.
  • a control or regulating unit 3 controls the cooling water quantities of the secondary cooling on the basis of the stored and selected data in such a way that the strand temperatures at least substantially correspond to the target temperatures.
  • the open-loop or closed-loop control is optimized in such a way that the setpoint temperature distribution of the strand is not predefined for all operating states and is therefore predefined in a binding manner, but rather that the setpoint temperature distribution is dynamically adjusted according to predefinable criteria.
  • control or regulating unit advantageously contains further modules in order to perform additional tasks.
  • the Figure 2 shows a diagram 20 of a procedure according to the invention, according to which it is queried in block 21 what the temperature of the casting strand at the mold outlet or on the cooling segment following the mold is.
  • a query is made as to whether this determined temperature or a determined cooling rate is greater than a predefinable limit value or as the cooling rate prevailing between the mold and the cooling segment. If the answer to this query is yes, block 24 continues, in which a warning can be issued.
  • an increase or a reduction in the target temperature is activated and a reduced or increased cooling of the strand in the outlet area is activated, so that the temperature or the cooling rate of the strand is within the permissible limit values. If the answer to the query in block 22 is no, the set temperature is not changed in block 23. This process can be monitored and carried out virtually continuously, which is why this process step can be returned via the loop 26.
  • the setpoint temperatures of the line are then adapted to the determined outlet temperature for the first cooling segments. This creates a uniform cooling process for the strand while reducing thermal stresses.
  • the bulge of the strand can also be calculated, and the permissible bulge of the strand can also be determined.
  • the permissible bulging can depend, for example, on the current process parameters of the continuous caster.
  • the Figure 3 shows a diagram 30 of a procedure according to the invention, after which it is queried in block 31 how large the bulge of the strand between segment carriers.
  • a query is made as to whether this determined bulge is greater than a predefinable limit value, the limit value being able to be stored differently from area to area. If the answer to this question is yes, block 33 continues, in which a warning can be issued.
  • the control or regulating unit 3 preferably continuously or at intervals compares the detected or calculated bulging of the cast strand with the maximum permissible value during casting.
  • the target temperature is lowered.
  • the setpoint temperature is preferably lowered in the area of the casting strand where the excess is detected, it being also possible to control or undertake a reduction in the setpoint temperature in the section beforehand.
  • a further calculation module in the control or regulating unit 3 can determine the ductility of the strand. A comparison can be made between the determined value of the ductility with an allowable minimum value. If the ductility falls below this limit in a bending or straightening unit, the setpoint temperature is increased by the control or regulating unit, this preferably taking place in at least one cooling segment in front of the area of the bending or straightening unit.
  • Figure 4 referenced which shows a diagram 40 of a procedure according to the invention, after which it is queried in block 41 how great the ductility of the strand is preferably in a bending or straightening unit.
  • a query is made as to whether this determined ductility is less than a predeterminable limit value, the limit value possibly being stored differently from area to area. If this query is answered with yes, block 43 continues, in which a warning can be issued.
  • a reduction in the setpoint temperature of the strand is triggered and an increased cooling of the strand in the region of the reduced ductility is triggered, so that the temperature of the strand cools down at least there or at least in an area before it. If the query is answered with No in block 42, the set temperature is not changed, see block 45. This method can be monitored and carried out virtually continuously, which is why this method step can be returned via loop 46.
  • the control or regulating unit 3 can calculate or determine the solidification length of the strand 2 and monitor it using sensor signals. There the strand is supported by supporting segments, it is expedient if the solidification length is not longer than the maximum distance of the last supporting segment in the direction of transport. This advantageously has the effect that the strand is already solidified before it leaves the last supporting segment.
  • a solidification length for the strand according to a defined threshold lies before the last segment. The threshold value can be monitored by means of a sensor, so that if the solidification length is exceeded beyond this threshold value, the control or regulating unit 3 performs countermeasures. The expected solidification length is estimated on the basis of the current dynamic behavior.
  • the control or regulating unit causes the set temperature of the strand to be reduced at least in a region before the threshold solidification length, so that the solidification length of the strand is reduced overall. This causes a stronger strand cooling and the solidification length becomes shorter.
  • the threshold is advantageously chosen so that during the control or regulation process the solidification length does not or does not significantly exceed the threshold value and falls behind the supporting segments.
  • Figure 5 shows a diagram 50 of a procedure according to the invention, according to which it is queried or dynamically estimated in block 51 how long the solidification length of the strand is.
  • a query is made as to whether this determined solidification length is greater than a predefinable limit value.
  • block 53 continues, in which a warning can be issued.
  • a reduction in the setpoint temperature of the strand is controlled and an increased cooling of the strand is triggered, so that the temperature of the strand cools down at least in a preferred range and the strand length is reduced.
  • the target temperature is not changed, see block 55. This method can be monitored and carried out virtually continuously, which is why this method step can be returned via loop 56.
  • the Figure 6 schematically shows a casting installation 60, in which cooling segments 61 are provided for cooling the casting strand 62.
  • the temperature of the casting strand can be determined by means of the sensor 63 or a plurality of sensors in order to compare the casting strand temperature previously calculated with the measurement.
  • the temperature data of the sensor or sensors 63 are fed to data acquisition 64, which is also fed with further process data.
  • the data from the data acquisition 64 are fed to the monitoring unit 65 and the temperature calculation 66 and the target temperature table 67.
  • the monitoring unit 65 also receives data from the temperature calculation 66, which also forwards data to the control unit 68 for the cooling water quantity, the temperature calculation 66 also receiving data back from the control unit 68.
  • the monitoring unit 65 forwards data to the control unit 69 for the desired temperature, which in turn forwards data to the unit 68, which in turn controls the cooling segments 61. Bulging, ductility and removal of solidification from the end of the plant are determined in the monitoring unit 65. These are then compared with limit values, as described in the Figures 3 , 4 and 5 and the related description is described above. In the event of limit violations, there is either only a warning message or the target temperatures are changed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Steuerung oder Regelung der Temperatur eines Gießstrangs in einer Stranggießanlage mit einer Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit zur Steuerung oder Regelung der Temperatur des Gießstrangs in einer Sekundärkühlung einer Stranggießanlage mit zumindest einem Mittel zur Kühlung des Gießstrangs.The invention relates to a method for controlling or regulating the temperature of a casting strand in a continuous casting installation with a control or regulating unit for controlling or regulating the temperature of the casting strand in a secondary cooling of a continuous casting installation with at least one means for cooling the casting strand.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Bei Stranggießanlagen wird der Strang des Gießguts hinter der Kokille bis zur vollständigen Erstarrung in der so genannten Sekundärkühlung abgekühlt. Dieser Abkühlvorgang spielt eine entscheidende Rolle für die Materialqualität des Strangs. So sollte die vollständige Erstarrung innerhalb der Rollensegmente der Stranggießanlage erfolgen, welche den Strang mit flüssigem Kern stützen. Dabei ist es das Ziel, dass die Abkühlraten der Strangkühlung und der Temperaturbereich für die Strangschale so bemessen sind, dass der gegossene Strang fehlerfrei erstarrt.In continuous casting plants, the strand of the casting material is cooled behind the mold until it solidifies completely in the so-called secondary cooling. This cooling process plays a crucial role in the material quality of the strand. For example, the complete solidification should take place within the roll segments of the continuous caster, which support the strand with a liquid core. The aim is that the cooling rates of the strand cooling and the temperature range for the strand shell are dimensioned so that the cast strand solidifies without errors.

Bei Stranggießanlagen nach dem Stand der Technik wird die Abkühlung durch eine Sprühwasserkühlung realisiert, wobei die Sprühwassermenge unter Vorgabe von Sprühwassertabellen gesteuert wird. Diese Sprühwassertabellen enthalten gemäß dem Stand der Technik für jede Kühlzone die einzustellende Kühlwassermenge für das Sprühwasser. Für unterschiedliche Gießgeschwindigkeiten werden daher bestimmte Wassermengen vorgegeben. Je nach Werkstoffsorte des Strangs wählt dann der Operator der Anlage eine geeignete Tabelle aus, die zur Einstellung der Wassermengen in der Sekundärkühlung herangezogen wird. Die Handhabung der vielen unterschiedlichen Tabellen für unterschiedliche Betriebsbedingungen ist im Gießalltag aufwendig und lästig.In the case of continuous casting plants according to the prior art, cooling is carried out by spray water cooling, the spray water quantity being controlled by specifying spray water tables. According to the prior art, these spray water tables contain the amount of cooling water to be set for the spray water for each cooling zone. Certain amounts of water are therefore specified for different casting speeds. Depending on the material type of the strand, the operator of the system then selects a suitable table that is used to set the water quantities in the secondary cooling becomes. The handling of the many different tables for different operating conditions is complex and troublesome in everyday casting.

Darstellung der Erfindung, Aufgabe, Lösung, VorteilePresentation of the invention, task, solution, advantages

Es ist die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Steuerung oder Regelung der Temperatur zu schaffen, bei welcher bzw. bei welchem die Nachteile des Standes der Technik vermindert oder gar verhindert werden sollten.It is the object of the present invention to provide a method for controlling or regulating the temperature in which the disadvantages of the prior art should be reduced or even prevented.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöstAccording to the invention the object is achieved with the features of claim 1

Dadurch wird vorteilhaft erreicht, dass die Solltemperaturen für die Regelung einer Sekundärkühlung automatisch und dynamisch an die aktuellen Gegebenheiten angepasst werden. Die im Stand der Technik noch erforderliche aufwendige Handhabung der zahlreichen Tabellen wird dadurch für eine Bedienperson zumindest teilweise entbehrlich. Die Solltemperaturen werden in der Regel so voreingestellt, dass ein normaler Betrieb der Anlage mit zu erwartendem Gießparametern (zum Beispiel Gießtemperatur, Gießgeschwindigkeit) möglich ist. Da in der Praxis diese Parameter aber dennoch unter- bzw. überschritten werden oder auch Geschwindigkeitsänderungen zu Qualitätseinbußen des zu bearbeitenden Materials führen können, sieht die Erfindung vor, die Solltemperaturen dynamisch den vorliegenden Gegebenheiten, das heißt eventuell veränderten Gießparametern anzupassen. Sind dann die Gießparameter wieder im erwarteten Bereich, werden die Solltemperaturen wieder auf ihre ursprünglichen Werte eingestellt. Diese Steuerung/Regelung der Solltemperatur erfolgt in einem eigenen/separaten ersten Modul innerhalb der gesamten Steuerungs-und Regelungseinheit.In this way, it is advantageously achieved that the target temperatures for regulating secondary cooling are automatically and dynamically adapted to the current conditions. The complex handling of the numerous tables, which is still required in the prior art, is at least partially unnecessary for an operator. The setpoint temperatures are usually preset so that normal operation of the system with the casting parameters to be expected (for example, casting temperature, casting speed) is possible. However, since in practice these parameters are still exceeded or undercut or changes in speed can lead to a loss in quality of the material to be processed, the invention provides for the target temperatures to be dynamically adapted to the prevailing circumstances, that is to say any changed casting parameters. Are the casting parameters back in expected range, the target temperatures are reset to their original values. This control / regulation of the target temperature takes place in a separate / separate first module within the entire control and regulation unit.

Bei den Daten und/oder Signalen, welche die Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit empfängt, handelt es sich insbesondere um den Temperaturwert des Gießstranges an zumindest einer Position, wobei der Temperaturwert entweder berechnet oder gemessen wird. Für den Fall, dass eine Berechnung der Temperaturwerte des Gießstrangs erfolgt, kann vorteilhaft zusätzlich zu der Berechnung eine Messung der Temperaturen des Gießstrangs erfolgen, um die Temperaturberechnung mit der Messung abzugleichen.The data and / or signals which the control or regulating unit receives are, in particular, the temperature value of the casting strand at at least one position, the temperature value either being calculated or measured. In the event that a calculation of the temperature values of the casting strand takes place, the temperatures of the casting strand can advantageously be measured in addition to the calculation in order to compare the temperature calculation with the measurement.

Die Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit ermittelt anhand der empfangenen oder ermittelten Daten und/oder Signalen den Zustand des Gießstrangs an zumindest einer Position und steuert oder regelt in einem zweiten Modul unter Berücksichtigung der angepassten Solltemperatur und von Erfordernissen des Gießprozesses die Temperatur des Gießstrangs an zumindest einer Position durch geeignete Kühlung.The control or regulating unit uses the received and determined data and / or signals to determine the state of the casting strand at at least one position and controls or regulates the temperature of the casting strand at at least one position in a second module, taking into account the adjusted target temperature and requirements of the casting process through suitable cooling.

Erfindungsgemäß erfolgt die dynamische Anpassung der Solltemperatur des Gießstrangs an zumindest einer Position in Abhängigkeit der Auslauftemperatur des Gießstrangs aus der Kokille.According to the invention, the setpoint temperature of the casting strand is dynamically adjusted at at least one position as a function of the outlet temperature of the casting strand from the mold.

Weiterhin wird die Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit anhand der ermittelten und/oder empfangenen Daten oder Signale eine Bestimmung der Durchbiegung des Strangs und/oder der Strangschale zwischen zumindest einzelnen Rollen durchführt. Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit anhand der ermittelten und/oder empfangenen Daten oder Signalen eine Bestimmung einer Dehnung des Strangs und/oder Strangschale zwischen zumindest einzelnen Rollen durchführt. Auch ist es ein Vorteil, dass der Wert der bestimmt en Durchbiegung und/oder Dehnung mit einem Vergleichswert verglichen wird und bei Überschreitung eines Grenzwertes eine Warnung ausgelöst wird. Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der Wert der bestimmten Durchbiegung und/oder Dehnung mit einem Vergleichswert verglichen wird und bei Überschreitung eines Grenzwertes eine Absenkung der Solltemperatur des Strangs zumindest in dem Bereich des Strangs durchgeführt wird, in welchem die Überschreitung ermittelt ist. Weiterhin ist es dabei zweckmäßig, wenn die Anpassung der Solltemperatur oder der Solltemperaturen derart erfolgt, dass für im Wesentlichen den ganzen Bereich der Sekundärkühlung die Durchbiegung und/oder die Dehnungen die zulässigen Grenzwerte nicht überschreitet. Furthermore, the control or regulating unit uses the determined and / or received data or signals to determine the deflection of the strand and / or the strand shell between at least individual rollers. It is advantageous if the control or regulating unit uses the determined and / or received data or signals to determine an elongation of the strand and / or strand shell between at least individual rollers. It is also an advantage that the value of the determines deflection and / or elongation is compared with a comparison value and a warning is triggered if a limit value is exceeded. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the value of the determined deflection and / or elongation is compared with a comparison value and if a limit value is exceeded, the setpoint temperature of the strand is lowered at least in the region of the strand in which the excess is determined. Furthermore, it is expedient if the setpoint temperature or the setpoint temperatures is adjusted such that the deflection and / or the expansions does not exceed the permissible limit values for essentially the entire area of the secondary cooling.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist es weiterhin vorgesehen, dass die Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit anhand der ermittelten und/oder empfangenen Daten und/oder Signalen eine Bestimmung einer Duktilität des Strangs durchführt. Dabei ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die bestimmte Duktilität des Strangs mit einem vorgebbaren Grenzwert der Duktilität verglichen wird und bei Unterschreitung des Grenzwerts eine Warnung ausgelöst wird. Auch ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die bestimmte Duktilität des Strangs mit einem vorgebbaren Grenzwert der Duktilität verglichen wird und bei Unterschreitung des Grenzwerts eine Erhöhung der Solltemperatur des Strangs veranlasst wird. Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Bestimmung der Duktilität des Strangs vorzugsweise für einen Bereich vor einer Biege- und/oder Richteinheit der Stranggießanlage durchgeführt wird. According to the invention, it is further provided that the control or regulating unit uses the determined and / or received data and / or signals to determine a ductility of the strand. It is expedient if the determined ductility of the strand is compared with a predeterminable limit value of the ductility and a warning is triggered if the limit value is undershot. It is also expedient if the specific ductility of the strand is compared with a predeterminable limit value of the ductility and if the temperature falls below the limit value, the target temperature of the strand is raised. It is also advantageous if the ductility of the strand is preferably determined for an area in front of a bending and / or straightening unit of the continuous casting installation.

Schließlich ermittelt die Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit anhand von ermittelten und/oder empfangenen Daten und/oder Signalen eine Erstarrungslänge des Strangs, wobei die bestimmte Erstarrungslänge des Strangs mit einem vorgebbaren Grenzwert verglichen wird und bei Überschreitung des Grenzwerts eine Erhöhung der Solltemperatur des Strangs veranlasst wird. Auch ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit die Solltemperatur des Strang derart wählt, dass die Grenzwerte im Wesentlichen erreicht werden. Finally, the control or regulating unit determines a solidification length of the strand on the basis of determined and / or received data and / or signals, the specific solidification length of the strand being compared with a predefinable limit value and if the limit value is exceeded, an increase in the desired temperature of the strand is initiated. It is also advantageous if the control unit regulates the target temperature of the strand is selected in such a way that the limit values are essentially reached.

Die Anforderungen an die Sekundärkühlung sind dabei sehr vielfältig. Ein Parameter für die Steuerung kann beispielsweise die volle Ausschöpfung der vorhandenen Produktionskapazität sein, wie beispielsweise die verfügbare Strangstützung in der Stranggießanlage bezüglich der Erstarrungslänge im Wesentlichen bis zum Ende zu nutzen. Bei der Strangtemperaturregelung kann daher die rechnerische Erstarrungslänge bei der Steuerung oder Regelung der Temperatur oder der Kühlung entsprechend berücksichtigt werden.The requirements for secondary cooling are very diverse. A parameter for the control can be, for example, the full utilization of the existing production capacity, such as using the available strand support in the continuous casting plant with regard to the solidification length essentially to the end. In the case of strand temperature control, the mathematical solidification length can therefore be taken into account when controlling or regulating the temperature or cooling.

Ein weiterer vorteilhafter Parameter für die Steuerung der Kühlung kann die Erreichung und Einhaltung von zumindest einzelnen Qualitätsparametern für den Strang sein, wobei zum Teil neue Stahlsorten empfindlich gegenüber ungünstigen Abkühlverläufen sind, so dass die Abkühlrate hier ein Steuerungsparameter ist, um die Bandqualität günstig zu beeinflussen.Another advantageous parameter for controlling the cooling can be the achievement and compliance with at least individual quality parameters for the strand, some new steel types being sensitive to unfavorable cooling processes, so that the cooling rate is a control parameter in order to favorably influence the strip quality.

Beispielsweise bei einer Änderung der Gießgeschwindigkeit verändert sich auch die Strangtemperatur am Kokillenaustritt. Die nachfolgende Kühlung sollte dies berücksichtigen, damit keine Qualitätsprobleme zum Beispiel in Form von zu hohen thermischen Spannungen auftreten, die bei manchen empfindlichen Stahlsorten zu Rissen führen könnten.For example, when the casting speed changes, the strand temperature at the mold outlet also changes. The subsequent cooling should take this into account, so that there are no quality problems, for example in the form of excessive thermal stresses, which could lead to cracks in some sensitive types of steel.

Daher ist es bei einer Anwendung einer Temperaturregelung oder Temperatursteuerung vorteilhaft, wenn die Solltemperatur für den Gießstrang an verschiedenen Positionen vorgegeben wird und diese sich jedoch den veränderten Bedingungen aufgrund veränderter Parameter anpassen kann.Therefore, when using temperature control or temperature control, it is advantageous if the target temperature for the cast strand is specified at different positions, but this can adapt to the changed conditions due to changed parameters.

Weiterhin hat der Strang der Stranggießanlage die Eigenschaft, sich zwischen den unterstützenden Rollen auszubauchen. Bei zu großen Ausbauchungen entstehen zum Teil hohe Biegespannungen und Innendehnungen. Diese könnten wiederum zu Strangschäden führen. Die maximal zulässige Ausbauchung wird vorteilhaft abhängig von den Gießparametern vorgegeben, wie beispielsweise von der Gießgeschwindigkeit und/oder von der Gießtemperatur.Furthermore, the strand of the continuous caster has the property of bulging out between the supporting roles. If the bulges are too large, high bending stresses and internal expansions may arise. This in turn could lead to strand damage. The maximum permissible bulging is advantageously specified as a function of the casting parameters, such as, for example, the casting speed and / or the casting temperature.

Für den Fall, dass der Strang gebogen oder gerichtet wird, erfährt er zusätzliche Dehnungen und Spannungen. Der Strangwerkstoff sollte dann diesen zusätzlichen Dehnungen und Spannungen standhalten können, ohne dass wesentliche Rissschäden auftreten. Wenn der Strang spröde ist, könnte er Oberflächenrisse bekommen. Um solche Risse weitestgehend zu vermeiden, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn der Strang in einem Temperaturbereich gebogen und gerichtet wird, in welchem der Strang geeignet duktil ist.In the event that the strand is bent or straightened, it experiences additional strains and tensions. The strand material should then be able to withstand these additional expansions and tensions without substantial crack damage occurring. If the strand is brittle, it could crack the surface. In order to avoid such cracks as far as possible, it is advantageous if the strand is bent and straightened in a temperature range in which the strand is suitably ductile.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben.Advantageous further developments are described in the subclaims.

Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings

Nachstehend wird die Erfindung auf der Grundlage eines Ausführungsbeispiels anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung zur Erläuterung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,
Fig. 2
ein Diagramm zur Erläuterung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
Fig. 3
ein Diagramm zur Erläuterung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
Fig. 4
ein Diagramm zur Erläuterung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
Fig. 5
ein Diagramm zur Erläuterung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens, und
Fig. 6
ein Diagramm zur Erläuterung der Erfindung.
The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
2 shows a schematic illustration to explain the device according to the invention,
Fig. 2
2 shows a diagram to explain the method according to the invention,
Fig. 3
2 shows a diagram to explain the method according to the invention,
Fig. 4
2 shows a diagram to explain the method according to the invention,
Fig. 5
a diagram for explaining the method according to the invention, and
Fig. 6
a diagram for explaining the invention.

Bevorzugte Ausführung der ErfindungPreferred embodiment of the invention

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Steuerverfahren oder ein Regelverfahren insbesondere für eine Sekundärkühlung einer Stranggießanlage. Dazu zeigt Figur 1 schematisch eine Stranggießanlage 1 mit einer Kokille 7 und einer Strangführung 8 sowie mit einem Gießstrang 2. Die durchgeführte Steuerung oder Regelung der Temperatur wird automatisch ohne Eingreifen eines Operators oder halbautomatisch durchgeführt, wobei in diesem Falle die Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit 3 den Zustand der Stranggießanlage 1 anhand der zur Verfügung stehenden Messdaten analysiert und dem Operator Vorschläge vorgibt zur Einstellung verschiedener Stellgrößen.The invention relates to a control method or a regulating method, in particular for secondary cooling of a continuous caster. This shows Figure 1 schematically shows a continuous casting plant 1 with a mold 7 and a strand guide 8 and with a casting strand 2. The control or regulation of the temperature is carried out automatically without the intervention of an operator or semi-automatically, in which case the control or regulating unit 3 determines the state of the continuous casting plant 1 analyzed on the basis of the available measurement data and making suggestions to the operator for setting various manipulated variables.

Die Stranggießanlage 1 weist dabei neben der Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit 3 auch Mittel 4,5 zur Daten- oder Signalerfassung auf, wie beispielsweise Sensoren. Beispielsweise sind Temperatursensoren 4 entlang des Strangs 2 angeordnet. Die Mittel 4,5 erfassen, das heißt detektieren oder berechnen, Zustandsgrößen des Strangs oder der Stranggießanlage und leiten diese Daten an die Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit 3 weiter, welche anhand der Signale und/oder Daten die Solltemperatur oder die Solltemperaturen des Strangs 2 dynamisch bestimmt und anhand dieser die Kühlmittel 6 ansteuert zur Erreichung der Solltemperatur in den jeweiligen Bereichen des Strangs 2. Erfindungsgemäß wird eine Änderung der Solltemperatur derart durchgeführt, dass eine dynamische Anpassung der Solltemperaturen in Abhängigkeit der Gegebenheiten des Gießstrangs erfolgt. Dabei wird vorteilhaft eine Berechnung der Temperatur des Gießstrangs durchgeführt und eine Regelung der Kühlung, bzw. der Spritzwassermenge durchgeführt, um die Solltemperatur durch Regelung zu erreichen. Dabei wird weiterhin vorteilhaft ein Katalog der Temperatursollkurven verwendet. Vorteilhaft ist erfindungsgemäß, dass ein Überwachungsmodul von der Temperaturberechnung gespeist wird, so dass in diesem Überwachungsmodul das Bulging, die Duktilität und die Entfernung der Durcherstarrung zum Anlagenende bestimmt wird. Diese bestimmten Werte werden mit Grenzwerten verglichen und entweder wird eine Warnung ausgegeben und/oder es wird eine dynamische Anpassung der Solltemperatur bzw. der Solltemperaturen vorgenommen. Dazu wird auch auf die Figur 6 verwiesen.In addition to the control or regulating unit 3, the continuous casting installation 1 also has means 4, 5 for data or signal acquisition, such as sensors. For example, temperature sensors 4 are arranged along the strand 2. The means 4, 5 detect, that is to say detect or calculate, state variables of the strand or the continuous casting installation and pass this data on to the control or regulating unit 3, which dynamically determines the desired temperature or the desired temperatures of the strand 2 on the basis of the signals and / or data and on the basis of this controls the coolant 6 in order to achieve the desired temperature in the respective areas of the strand 2 the setpoint temperature is changed in such a way that the setpoint temperatures are dynamically adjusted as a function of the conditions of the cast strand. In this case, a calculation of the temperature of the casting strand is advantageously carried out and the cooling or the amount of spray water is regulated in order to achieve the target temperature by regulation. A catalog of the temperature target curves is also advantageously used. It is advantageous according to the invention that a monitoring module is fed by the temperature calculation, so that the bulging, the ductility and the distance from solidification to the end of the system are determined in this monitoring module. These specific values are compared with limit values and either a warning is issued and / or a dynamic adaptation of the target temperature or the target temperatures is carried out. This also applies to the Figure 6 referred.

Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die thermischen Spannungen in der Strangschale am Kokillenausgang reduziert werden. Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Steuerung oder die Regelung Betriebszustände reduziert oder vermeidet, in welchen Ausbauchung des Stranges zwischen Rollen zu groß werden. Auch ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Steuerung oder die Regelung Betriebszustände verhindert oder reduziert, in welchen der Strang in einem Temperaturbereich gebogen oder gerichtet wird, in welchem das Strangmaterial spröde ist. Darüber hinaus ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Steuerung oder die Regelung die Erstarrungslänge des Strangs überwacht und es vorzugsweise vermeidet oder möglicht reduziert, dass die Erstarrungslänge des Strangs länger ist als der Abstand zum Ende der Strangunterstützung, so dass der Strang hinter dem Ende der Strangunterstützung bereits im Wesentlichen erstarrt ist.It is advantageous if the thermal stresses in the strand shell at the mold exit are reduced. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the control or regulation reduces or avoids operating states in which bulge of the strand between rollers becomes too large. It is also advantageous if the control or regulation prevents or reduces operating states in which the strand is bent or straightened in a temperature range in which the strand material is brittle. In addition, it is expedient if the open-loop or closed-loop control monitors the solidification length of the strand and preferably avoids or possibly reduces that the solidification length of the strand is longer than the distance to the end of the strand support, so that the strand already behind the end of the strand support is essentially frozen.

Das erfindungsgemäße Steuerverfahren zur Steuerung oder Regelung der Temperatur in der Sekundärkühlung des Gießstrangs baut auf eine Temperaturregelung auf, wobei zumindest eine, vorteilhaft jedoch eine Mehrzahl von Solltemperaturverteilungen für die Strangoberfläche als auswählbare Vorgabewerte im Speicher einer Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit gespeichert sind.The control method according to the invention for controlling or regulating the temperature in the secondary cooling of the casting strand is based on a temperature regulation, at least one, but advantageously a plurality of target temperature distributions for the strand surface being stored as selectable default values in the memory of a control or regulating unit.

Darüber hinaus verfügt die Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit 3 über einen abgespeicherten Datensatz, wie beispielsweise eine Tabelle, in welchem für jeden verwendbaren oder bearbeitbaren Werkstoff oder für jede verwendbare oder verarbeitbare Werkstoffgruppe eine geeignete Solltemperaturverteilung zugeordnet ist.In addition, the control or regulating unit 3 has a stored data record, such as a table in which a suitable target temperature distribution is assigned for each usable or editable material or for each usable or processable group of materials.

Eine Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit 3 steuert anhand der abgespeicherten und ausgewählten Daten die Kühlwassermengen der Sekundärkühlung so, dass die Strangtemperaturen den Solltemperaturen zumindest im Wesentlichen entsprechen.A control or regulating unit 3 controls the cooling water quantities of the secondary cooling on the basis of the stored and selected data in such a way that the strand temperatures at least substantially correspond to the target temperatures.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die Steuerung oder Regelung dahingehend optimiert, dass die Solltemperaturverteilung des Strangs nicht für alle Betriebszustände fest vorgegeben und somit verbindlich vorgegeben ist, sondern dass die Solltemperaturverteilung nach vorgebbaren Kriterien dynamisch angepasst wird.According to the invention, the open-loop or closed-loop control is optimized in such a way that the setpoint temperature distribution of the strand is not predefined for all operating states and is therefore predefined in a binding manner, but rather that the setpoint temperature distribution is dynamically adjusted according to predefinable criteria.

Die Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit enthält neben der Berechnung der Strangtemperaturen und dem eigentlichen Regelmodul für die Festlegung der Wassermengen vorteilhaft noch weitere Module um Zusatzaufgaben zu erfüllen.In addition to the calculation of the line temperatures and the actual control module for determining the water quantities, the control or regulating unit advantageously contains further modules in order to perform additional tasks.

So wird vorteilhaft die Auslauftemperatur des Stranges aus der Kokille oder an einem der Kokille nachfolgenden Kühlsegment berechnet. Die Figur 2 zeigt ein Diagramm 20 einer erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensweise, wonach in Block 21 abgefragt wird, wie die Temperatur des Gießstrangs am Kokillenausgang oder am der Kokille nachfolgenden Kühlsegment ist. In Block 22 wird abgefragt, ob diese ermittelte Temperatur oder eine ermittelte Abkühlrate größer ist als ein vorgebbarer Grenzwert oder als die zwischen Kokille und Kühlsegment vorherrschende Abkühlrate. Ist diese Abfrage mit Ja beantwortet, wird in Block 24 fortgefahren, in welchem eine Warnung ausgegeben werden kann. In Block 25 wird eine Erhöhung oder eine Reduzierung der Solltemperatur angesteuert und eine reduzierte bzw. eine verstärkte Kühlung des Strangs im Auslaufbereich angesteuert, damit die Temperatur oder die Abkühlrate des Strangs sich innerhalb der zulässigen Grenzwerte einstellt. Wird in Block 22 die Abfrage mit Nein beantwortet, so wird keine Veränderung der Solltemperatur in Block 23 vorgenommen. Dieses Verfahren kann quasi fortlaufend überwacht und durchgeführt werden, weshalb dieser Verfahrensschritt über die Schleife 26 zurückgeführt werden kann.In this way, the outlet temperature of the strand from the mold or at a cooling segment following the mold is advantageously calculated. The Figure 2 shows a diagram 20 of a procedure according to the invention, according to which it is queried in block 21 what the temperature of the casting strand at the mold outlet or on the cooling segment following the mold is. In block 22, a query is made as to whether this determined temperature or a determined cooling rate is greater than a predefinable limit value or as the cooling rate prevailing between the mold and the cooling segment. If the answer to this query is yes, block 24 continues, in which a warning can be issued. In block 25, an increase or a reduction in the target temperature is activated and a reduced or increased cooling of the strand in the outlet area is activated, so that the temperature or the cooling rate of the strand is within the permissible limit values. If the answer to the query in block 22 is no, the set temperature is not changed in block 23. This process can be monitored and carried out virtually continuously, which is why this process step can be returned via the loop 26.

Die Solltemperaturen des Stranges werden dann für die ersten Kühlsegmente an die ermittelte Auslauftemperatur angepasst. Hierdurch entsteht ein gleichmäßiger Kühlverlauf für den Strang bei Reduktion thermischer Spannungen.The setpoint temperatures of the line are then adapted to the determined outlet temperature for the first cooling segments. This creates a uniform cooling process for the strand while reducing thermal stresses.

Weiterhin kann die Ausbauchung des Strangs berechnet werden, wobei zusätzlich auch die zulässige Ausbauchung des Strangs bestimmt werden kann. Dabei kann die zulässige Ausbauchung beispielsweise von den momentanen Prozessparametern der Stranggießanlage abhängig sein. Die Figur 3 zeigt ein Diagramm 30 einer erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensweise, wonach in Block 31 abgefragt wird, wie groß die Ausbauchung des Strangs zwischen Segmentträgern ist. In Block 32 wird abgefragt, ob diese ermittelte Ausbauchung größer ist als ein vorgebbarer Grenzwert, wobei der Grenzwert durchaus von Bereich zu Bereich unterschiedlich abgelegt sein könnte. Ist diese Abfrage mit Ja beantwortet, wird in Block 33 fortgefahren, in welchem eine Warnung ausgegeben werden kann. In Block 34 wird eine Reduzierung der Solltemperatur des Strangs angesteuert und eine verstärkte Kühlung des Strangs im Bereich der erhöhten Ausbauchung oder davor angesteuert, damit die Temperatur des Strangs sich zumindest dort abkühlt. Wird in Block 32 die Abfrage mit Nein beantwortet, so wird keine Veränderung der Solltemperatur vorgenommen, siehe Block 35. Dieses Verfahren kann quasi fortlaufend überwacht und durchgeführt werden, weshalb dieser Verfahrensschritt über die Schleife 36 zurückgeführt werden kann.The bulge of the strand can also be calculated, and the permissible bulge of the strand can also be determined. The permissible bulging can depend, for example, on the current process parameters of the continuous caster. The Figure 3 shows a diagram 30 of a procedure according to the invention, after which it is queried in block 31 how large the bulge of the strand between segment carriers. In block 32, a query is made as to whether this determined bulge is greater than a predefinable limit value, the limit value being able to be stored differently from area to area. If the answer to this question is yes, block 33 continues, in which a warning can be issued. In block 34, a reduction in the setpoint temperature of the strand is controlled and an increased cooling of the strand in the region of the raised bulge or in front of it is controlled, so that the temperature of the strand cools down at least there. If the query is answered with no in block 32, the target temperature is not changed, see block 35. This method can be monitored and carried out virtually continuously, which is why this method step can be looped back.

Die erfindungsgemäße Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit 3 vergleicht während des Gießens vorzugsweise fortlaufend oder in Intervallen die detektierte oder berechnete Ausbauchung des Gießstrangs mit dem maximal zulässigen Wert.The control or regulating unit 3 according to the invention preferably continuously or at intervals compares the detected or calculated bulging of the cast strand with the maximum permissible value during casting.

Wird dieser Wert überschritten, wird die Solltemperatur abgesenkt. Die Solltemperatur wird dabei vorzugsweise dort im Bereich des Gießstrangs abgesenkt, wo die Überschreitung erkannt wird, wobei gegebenenfalls auch eine Reduzierung der Solltemperatur in der Strecke davor angesteuert oder vorgenommen werden kann.If this value is exceeded, the target temperature is lowered. The setpoint temperature is preferably lowered in the area of the casting strand where the excess is detected, it being also possible to control or undertake a reduction in the setpoint temperature in the section beforehand.

Gemäß des erfindungsgemäßen Gedankens kann ein weiteres Berechnungsmodul in der Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit 3 die Duktilität des Stranges bestimmen. Dabei kann ein Vergleich zwischen dem bestimmten Wert der Duktilität mit einem zulässigen Minimalwert vorgenommen werden. Wird dieser Grenzwert der Duktilität in einer Biege- oder Richteinheit unterschritten, wird die Solltemperatur durch die Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit erhöht, wobei dies vorzugsweise in zumindest einem Kühlsegment vor dem Bereich der Biege- oder Richteinheit erfolgt. Diesbezüglich sei auf die Figur 4 verwiesen, welche ein Diagramm 40 einer erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensweise zeigt, wonach in Block 41 abgefragt wird, wie groß die Duktilität des Strangs vorzugsweise in einer Biege- oder Richteinheit ist. In Block 42 wird abgefragt, ob diese ermittelte Duktilität kleiner ist als ein vorgebbarer Grenzwert, wobei der Grenzwert durchaus von Bereich zu Bereich unterschiedlich abgelegt sein könnte. Ist diese Abfrage mit Ja beantwortet, wird in Block 43 fortgefahren, in welchem eine Warnung ausgegeben werden kann. In Block 44 wird eine Reduzierung der Solltemperatur des Strangs angesteuert und eine verstärkte Kühlung des Strangs im Bereich der reduzierten Duktilität angesteuert, damit die Temperatur des Strangs sich zumindest dort oder zumindest in einem Bereich davor abkühlt. Wird in Block 42 die Abfrage mit Nein beantwortet, so wird keine Veränderung der Solltemperatur vorgenommen, siehe Block 45. Dieses Verfahren kann quasi fortlaufend überwacht und durchgeführt werden, weshalb dieser Verfahrensschritt über die Schleife 46 zurückgeführt werden kann.According to the idea of the invention, a further calculation module in the control or regulating unit 3 can determine the ductility of the strand. A comparison can be made between the determined value of the ductility with an allowable minimum value. If the ductility falls below this limit in a bending or straightening unit, the setpoint temperature is increased by the control or regulating unit, this preferably taking place in at least one cooling segment in front of the area of the bending or straightening unit. In this regard, be on Figure 4 referenced, which shows a diagram 40 of a procedure according to the invention, after which it is queried in block 41 how great the ductility of the strand is preferably in a bending or straightening unit. In block 42, a query is made as to whether this determined ductility is less than a predeterminable limit value, the limit value possibly being stored differently from area to area. If this query is answered with yes, block 43 continues, in which a warning can be issued. In block 44, a reduction in the setpoint temperature of the strand is triggered and an increased cooling of the strand in the region of the reduced ductility is triggered, so that the temperature of the strand cools down at least there or at least in an area before it. If the query is answered with No in block 42, the set temperature is not changed, see block 45. This method can be monitored and carried out virtually continuously, which is why this method step can be returned via loop 46.

Weiterhin kann bei einem erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung die Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit 3 die Erstarrungslänge des Strangs 2 berechnen bzw. bestimmen und anhand von Sensorsignalen überwachen. Da der Strang durch unterstützende Segmente getragen wird, ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Erstarrungslänge nicht länger ist als die maximale Entfernung des letzten unterstützenden Segments in Transportrichtung betrachtet. Dadurch wird vorteilhaft bewirkt, dass der Strang bereits erstarrt ist, bevor er das letzte unterstützende Segment verlässt. Eine Erstarrungslänge für den Strang gemäß einem definierten Schwellenwert liegt vor dem letzten Segment. Der Schwellenwert kann mittels eines Sensors überwacht werden, so dass bei einer Überschreitung der Erstarrungslänge über diesen Schwellenwert hinaus die Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit 3 eine Gegensteuerung durchführt. Auf Grundlage des gegenwärtigen dynamischen Verhaltens wird die zu erwartende Erstarrungslänge abgeschätzt. Wenn die Erstarrungslänge des Strangs über diesen Schwellenwert hinaus ansteigt, veranlasst die Steuer- oder Regelungseinheit eine Reduzierung der Solltemperatur des Strangs zumindest in einem Bereich vor der schwellenwertigen Erstarrungslänge, so dass insgesamt die Erstarrungslänge des Strangs sich reduziert. Diese bewirkt eine stärkere Strangkühlung und die Erstarrungslänge wird damit kürzer. Die Schwelle ist vorteilhaft so gewählt, dass während des Steuerungs- oder Regelungsvorgangs die Erstarrungslänge nicht oder nicht wesentlich über den Schwellenwert hinaus geht und hinter die unterstützenden Segmenten gerät. Diesbezüglich sei auf die Figur 5 verwiesen, welche ein Diagramm 50 einer erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensweise zeigt, wonach in Block 51 abgefragt bzw. dynamisch abgeschätzt wird, wie groß die Erstarrungslänge des Strangs ist. In Block 52 wird abgefragt, ob diese ermittelte Erstarrungslänge größer ist als ein vorgebbarer Grenzwert. Ist diese Abfrage mit Ja beantwortet, wird in Block 53 fortgefahren, in welchem eine Warnung ausgegeben werden kann. In Block 54 wird eine Reduzierung der Solltemperatur des Strangs angesteuert und eine verstärkte Kühlung des Strangs angesteuert, damit die Temperatur des Strangs sich zumindest in einem bevorzugten Bereich abkühlt und sich der Strang in seiner Erstarrungslänge reduziert. Wird in Block 52 die Abfrage mit Nein beantwortet, so wird keine Veränderung der Solltemperatur vorgenommen, siehe Block 55. Dieses Verfahren kann quasi fortlaufend überwacht und durchgeführt werden, weshalb dieser Verfahrensschritt über die Schleife 56 zurückgeführt werden kann.Furthermore, in an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the control or regulating unit 3 can calculate or determine the solidification length of the strand 2 and monitor it using sensor signals. There the strand is supported by supporting segments, it is expedient if the solidification length is not longer than the maximum distance of the last supporting segment in the direction of transport. This advantageously has the effect that the strand is already solidified before it leaves the last supporting segment. A solidification length for the strand according to a defined threshold lies before the last segment. The threshold value can be monitored by means of a sensor, so that if the solidification length is exceeded beyond this threshold value, the control or regulating unit 3 performs countermeasures. The expected solidification length is estimated on the basis of the current dynamic behavior. If the solidification length of the strand increases beyond this threshold value, the control or regulating unit causes the set temperature of the strand to be reduced at least in a region before the threshold solidification length, so that the solidification length of the strand is reduced overall. This causes a stronger strand cooling and the solidification length becomes shorter. The threshold is advantageously chosen so that during the control or regulation process the solidification length does not or does not significantly exceed the threshold value and falls behind the supporting segments. In this regard, be on Figure 5 referenced, which shows a diagram 50 of a procedure according to the invention, according to which it is queried or dynamically estimated in block 51 how long the solidification length of the strand is. In block 52, a query is made as to whether this determined solidification length is greater than a predefinable limit value. If the answer to this question is yes, block 53 continues, in which a warning can be issued. In block 54, a reduction in the setpoint temperature of the strand is controlled and an increased cooling of the strand is triggered, so that the temperature of the strand cools down at least in a preferred range and the strand length is reduced. If the query is answered with No in block 52, the target temperature is not changed, see block 55. This method can be monitored and carried out virtually continuously, which is why this method step can be returned via loop 56.

Es sei ausdrücklich darauf hingewiesen, dass die in den Figuren 2 bis 5 dargestellten Verfahrensabläufe auch miteinander kombinierbar sind, so dass zumindest einzelne Verfahrensschritte oder Abläufe parallel oder seriell verknüpft sind, so dass auch mehrere Parameter gleichzeitig Einfluss auf die Einstellung oder Ansteuerung einer Solltemperatur des Gießstrangs in zumindest einzelnen Bereichen haben können.It is expressly pointed out that the in the Figures 2 to 5 The process sequences shown can also be combined with one another, so that at least individual process steps or sequences are linked in parallel or in series, so that several parameters can simultaneously influence the setting or control of a target temperature of the cast strand in at least individual areas.

Die Figur 6 zeigt schematisch eine Gießanlage 60, bei welcher Kühlsegmente 61 zur Kühlung des Gießstrangs 62 vorgesehen sind. Mittels des Sensors 63 oder einer Mehrzahl von Sensoren kann die Temperatur des Gießstrangs ermittelt werden, um so beispielsweise die zuvor berechnete Gießstrangtemperatur mit der Messung abzugleichen. Die Temperaturdaten des Sensors bzw. der Sensoren 63 werden der Datenerfassung 64 zugeführt, welcher auch weitere Prozessdaten zugeführt werden. Die Daten der Datenerfassung 64 werden der Überwachungseinheit 65 und der Temperaturberechnung 66 und der Solltemperaturentabelle 67 zugeführt. Die Überwachungseinheit 65 erhält weiterhin Daten von der Temperaturberechnung 66, die auch Daten an die Steuerung/Regeleinheit 68 für die Wassermenge der Kühlung weitergibt, wobei die Temperaturberechnung 66 auch von der Steuerung/Regelung 68 Daten zurück erhält. Die Überwachungseinheit 65 gibt Daten an die Steuerung/Regeleinheit 69 für Solltemperatur weiter, die wiederum Daten an die Einheit 68 weiterleitet, welche wiederum die Kühlsegmente 61 ansteuert. In der Überwachungseinheit 65 werden Bulging, Duktilität und Entfernung der Durcherstarrung zum Anlagenende bestimmt. Diese werden dann mit Grenzwerten verglichen, wie es in den Figuren 3, 4 und 5 und der zugehörigen Beschreibung oben beschrieben ist. Bei Grenzwertverletzungen gibt es entweder nur eine Warnmeldung oder die Solltemperaturen werden abgeändert.The Figure 6 schematically shows a casting installation 60, in which cooling segments 61 are provided for cooling the casting strand 62. The temperature of the casting strand can be determined by means of the sensor 63 or a plurality of sensors in order to compare the casting strand temperature previously calculated with the measurement. The temperature data of the sensor or sensors 63 are fed to data acquisition 64, which is also fed with further process data. The data from the data acquisition 64 are fed to the monitoring unit 65 and the temperature calculation 66 and the target temperature table 67. The monitoring unit 65 also receives data from the temperature calculation 66, which also forwards data to the control unit 68 for the cooling water quantity, the temperature calculation 66 also receiving data back from the control unit 68. The monitoring unit 65 forwards data to the control unit 69 for the desired temperature, which in turn forwards data to the unit 68, which in turn controls the cooling segments 61. Bulging, ductility and removal of solidification from the end of the plant are determined in the monitoring unit 65. These are then compared with limit values, as described in the Figures 3 , 4 and 5 and the related description is described above. In the event of limit violations, there is either only a warning message or the target temperatures are changed.

BezugszeichenlisteReference symbol list

11
StranggießanlageContinuous caster
22nd
GießstrangCasting strand
33rd
Steuer- oder RegelungseinheitControl or regulation unit
44th
Mittel zur Daten- oder SignalerfassungMeans for data or signal acquisition
55
Mittel zur Daten- oder SignalerfassungMeans for data or signal acquisition
66
Mittel zum KühlmittelauftragCoolant application means
2020th
Diagrammdiagram
2121st
Blockblock
2222
Blockblock
2323
Blockblock
2424th
Blockblock
2525th
Blockblock
2626
Blockblock
3030th
Diagrammdiagram
3131
Blockblock
3232
Blockblock
3333
Blockblock
3434
Blockblock
3535
Blockblock
3636
Blockblock
4040
Diagrammdiagram
4141
Blockblock
4242
Blockblock
4343
Blockblock
4444
Blockblock
4545
Blockblock
4646
Blockblock
5050
Diagrammdiagram
5151
Blockblock
5252
Blockblock
5353
Blockblock
5454
Blockblock
5555
Blockblock
5656
Blockblock
6060
GießanlageCasting machine
6161
KühlsegmenteCooling segments
6262
GießstrangCasting strand
6363
Sensorsensor
6464
Blockblock
6565
Blockblock
6666
Blockblock
6767
Blockblock
6868
Blockblock
6969
Blockblock

Claims (4)

  1. Method of controlling or regulating the temperature of a cast strip in a continuous casting plant (1) with a controlling or regulating unit (3) for control or regulation of the temperature of the cast strip in a secondary cooling of continuous casting plant (1) with at least one means (6) for cooling the cast strip (2),
    characterised by
    (a) a dynamic adaptation of a target temperature of the cast strip (2) to at least one position in dependence on the exit temperature of the cast strip (2) from the mould,
    (b) a dynamic change at least of a target temperature of the cast strip (2) on the basis of data and/or signals which the controlling or regulating unit (3) receives and/or determines,
    (c) wherein at least one target temperature distribution, preferably a plurality of target temperature distributions, for the strip surface are stored as selectable preset values in the memory of the controlling or regulating unit and the control or regulation of the secondary cooling is carried out on the basis of the stored target temperature distributions,
    (d) the controlling or regulating unit (3) on the basis of determined and/or received data or signals carries out determination of the warping and stretching of the strip (2) and/or strip skin between at least individual rollers,
    (e) and determination of a ductility of the strip (2) is carried out by the controlling or regulating unit (3) on the basis of determined and/or received data or signals,
    (f) and the controlling or regulating unit (3) determines a hardening length of the strip (2) on the basis of determined and/or received data or signals,
    (g) wherein the value of the determined warping and/or stretching is compared with a comparison value and if a limit value is exceeded a warning is triggered and/or lowering of the target temperature of the strip (2) is or are carried out at least in the region of the strip in which the exceeding is determined, and
    (h) wherein the determined ductility of the strip (2) is compared with a predeterminable limit value of the ductility and if this is fallen below a warning is triggered and/or if it is fallen below a reduction of the target temperature of the strip (2) is caused and
    (i) wherein the determined hardening length of the strip (2) is compared with a predeterminable limit value and if this is exceeded a reduction of the target temperature of the strip is caused.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that an adaptation of the target temperature is carried out in such a way that the warping and/or stretching does or do not exceed the permissible limit values for substantially the entire region of the secondary cooling.
  3. Method according to claim 1, characterised in that the determination of the ductility of the strip (2) is carried out for a region in front of a bending and/or straightening unit of the continuous casting plant.
  4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the controlling or regulating unit selects the target temperature of the strip (2) in such a way that the limit values are substantially attained.
EP08857319.1A 2007-12-03 2008-11-27 Method for controlling or regulating a temperature Active EP2222426B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE200710058109 DE102007058109A1 (en) 2007-12-03 2007-12-03 Device for controlling or regulating a temperature
PCT/EP2008/010076 WO2009071236A1 (en) 2007-12-03 2008-11-27 Device for controlling or regulating a temperature

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2222426A1 EP2222426A1 (en) 2010-09-01
EP2222426B1 true EP2222426B1 (en) 2020-05-20

Family

ID=40325805

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP08857319.1A Active EP2222426B1 (en) 2007-12-03 2008-11-27 Method for controlling or regulating a temperature

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US9079243B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2222426B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2011502798A (en)
KR (1) KR101246074B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101883649B (en)
BR (1) BRPI0820030B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2706449C (en)
DE (1) DE102007058109A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2448803C2 (en)
TW (1) TW200940211A (en)
UA (1) UA97568C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2009071236A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA201002233B (en)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009033387B4 (en) * 2009-07-16 2012-12-06 Sms Meer Gmbh Method and device for casting moldings, in particular non-iron anodes
CN101983799B (en) * 2010-11-18 2014-04-30 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 Beam blank continuous casting secondary cooling zone cooling device
CN102416456B (en) * 2011-12-14 2013-12-04 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 Secondary cooling control system for continuous casting of plate blank and method
CN104516464B (en) * 2014-12-30 2018-10-12 公瑞燕 A kind of Intelligence Cooling System for computer system
CN105195702A (en) * 2015-09-30 2015-12-30 芜湖新兴铸管有限责任公司 Continuous casting water cooling adjustment technological structure
CN108237226B (en) * 2017-04-01 2020-06-30 浙江一火科技股份有限公司 Dynamic mold temperature control system for powder injection molding parts with high appearance requirements
CN107127314B (en) * 2017-04-08 2019-02-12 湖南千盟工业智能系统股份有限公司 A kind of continuous casting two cold section casting flow table face temperature intelligent measurement method
TWI645922B (en) * 2018-01-30 2019-01-01 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 Method for reducing surface defects of cast embryo
DE102018215583A1 (en) 2018-09-13 2020-03-19 Sms Group Gmbh Process for controlling or regulating the temperature of a casting strand in a continuous casting installation
TWI681831B (en) * 2019-02-01 2020-01-11 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 Temperature monitoring system and method for monitoring temperature
CN109865810B (en) * 2019-03-22 2020-10-30 麦特勒智能科技(张家港)有限公司 Intelligent control method for metallurgical continuous casting cooling water
CN113414363A (en) * 2021-06-15 2021-09-21 阳春新钢铁有限责任公司 Unary secondary multidimensional dynamic secondary cooling water distribution control system of five-flow square billet casting machine
CN113996773B (en) * 2021-10-27 2022-08-19 北京科技大学 Dynamic diversified continuous casting cooling online control method and system
CN114130980B (en) * 2021-10-29 2023-06-20 中冶南方连铸技术工程有限责任公司 Dynamic secondary cooling control method for continuous casting

Family Cites Families (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3358743A (en) * 1964-10-08 1967-12-19 Bunker Ramo Continuous casting system
JPS5422777B2 (en) * 1973-09-17 1979-08-09
US4134440A (en) * 1974-09-16 1979-01-16 Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha Method of continuously casting steel
JPS5155730A (en) * 1974-11-12 1976-05-17 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Renzokuchuzoki niokeru hikinukisokudoseigyohoho oyobisono sochi
SU639424A3 (en) * 1975-02-04 1978-12-25 Маннесманн Аг, (Фирма) Method of continuous casting of steel ingot
FR2477925A1 (en) * 1980-03-13 1981-09-18 Fives Cail Babcock METHOD FOR CONTROLLING THE COOLING OF THE COLORED PRODUCT IN A CONTINUOUS CASTING PLANT
JPS56151155A (en) * 1980-04-25 1981-11-24 Nippon Steel Corp Control method for surface temperature of continuously cast ingot
SU933218A1 (en) * 1980-08-01 1982-06-07 Всесоюзный ордена Ленина научно-исследовательский и проектно-конструкторский институт металлургического машиностроения Appararus for controlling cooling mode of continuously cast ingot
SU1242295A1 (en) * 1985-01-08 1986-07-07 Институт черной металлургии Method of cooling ingot on curvilinear continuous casting machine
IT1262116B (en) * 1993-05-17 1996-06-19 Danieli Off Mecc CONTROLLED PRELAMINATION PROCEDURE FOR THIN SLABS OUT OF CONTINUOUS CASTING AND RELATED DEVICE
AT403351B (en) 1993-05-19 1998-01-26 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen METHOD FOR CONTINUOUSLY casting a METAL STRAND
AT408197B (en) 1993-05-24 2001-09-25 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen METHOD FOR CONTINUOUSLY casting a METAL STRAND
JPH07232251A (en) * 1994-02-24 1995-09-05 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd Method for predicting breakout
CN1155458A (en) * 1995-11-28 1997-07-30 丹尼利机械设备股份公司 Method for controlled pre-rolling of thin slabs leaving continuous casting plant
DE19612420C2 (en) * 1996-03-28 2000-06-29 Siemens Ag Method and device for controlling the cooling of a strand in a continuous caster
AU7506996A (en) * 1996-05-13 1997-12-05 Ebis Corporation Method and apparatus for continuous casting
US5998259A (en) * 1998-03-20 1999-12-07 United Semiconductor Corp. Method of fabricating dual cylindrical capacitor
JP2000167615A (en) * 1998-12-03 2000-06-20 Toshiba Corp Method for controlling coiling temperature and controller
JP3019859B1 (en) * 1999-06-11 2000-03-13 住友金属工業株式会社 Continuous casting method
DE19931331A1 (en) * 1999-07-07 2001-01-18 Siemens Ag Method and device for producing a strand of metal
US6470957B1 (en) * 1999-07-16 2002-10-29 Mannesmann Ag Process for casting a continuous metal strand
AT409352B (en) 2000-06-02 2002-07-25 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen METHOD FOR CONTINUOUSLY casting a METAL STRAND
KR100510841B1 (en) * 2001-10-15 2005-08-30 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 Method for designing the second optimum cooling pattern of continuous slab casting
DE10255550B3 (en) 2002-11-28 2004-01-22 Sms Demag Ag Method and device for the continuous casting of slabs, thin slabs, blooms, billets, billets and the like from liquid metal, in particular from steel material
DE102004001037A1 (en) 2004-01-03 2005-07-28 Sms Demag Ag Diversified control of secondary cooling of a continuous casting plant
US6885907B1 (en) * 2004-05-27 2005-04-26 Dofasco Inc. Real-time system and method of monitoring transient operations in continuous casting process for breakout prevention
AT413951B (en) 2004-06-11 2006-07-15 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen METHOD FOR CONTINUOUSLY GASING A METAL STRUCTURE
DE102005026259A1 (en) 2005-06-08 2006-12-14 Sms Demag Ag Method and apparatus for continuous casting of liquid metals, in particular of liquid steel materials, with a strand guide of support roller segments
DE102005049151A1 (en) 2005-10-14 2007-04-19 Sms Demag Ag Extruding liquid metals, especially steel, comprises controlling the temperature to the solidification point before the tip region
US20070251663A1 (en) * 2006-04-28 2007-11-01 William Sheldon Active temperature feedback control of continuous casting

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN101883649B (en) 2015-11-25
US9079243B2 (en) 2015-07-14
RU2448803C2 (en) 2012-04-27
JP2011502798A (en) 2011-01-27
CN101883649A (en) 2010-11-10
KR101246074B1 (en) 2013-03-21
BRPI0820030A2 (en) 2015-05-26
UA97568C2 (en) 2012-02-27
CA2706449C (en) 2013-07-23
BRPI0820030B1 (en) 2017-11-28
WO2009071236A1 (en) 2009-06-11
BRPI0820030A8 (en) 2016-05-03
CA2706449A1 (en) 2009-06-11
US20100324721A1 (en) 2010-12-23
TW200940211A (en) 2009-10-01
RU2010127273A (en) 2012-01-10
DE102007058109A1 (en) 2009-06-04
KR20100080907A (en) 2010-07-13
EP2222426A1 (en) 2010-09-01
ZA201002233B (en) 2010-11-24
WO2009071236A8 (en) 2010-06-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2222426B1 (en) Method for controlling or regulating a temperature
EP0350431B1 (en) Continuous casting method for production slabs compared to cast condition with a reduced thickness
EP2603337B1 (en) Method for producing rolling stock by means of a combined continuous casting and rolling system, control device for a combined continuous casting and rolling system, and combined continuous casting and rolling system
WO2012159866A1 (en) Control method for a rolling train
DE69425188T2 (en) Method and device for the controlled pre-rolling of thin slabs emerging from a continuous caster
EP0121148A1 (en) Method of making hot rolled strip with a high quality section and flatness
WO2012049105A1 (en) Continuous casting device with dynamic slab-thickness reduction
EP2790846B1 (en) Method for processing milled goods in a hot rolling mill
EP2428288A1 (en) Method for producing steel bands using continuous casting or semi-continuous casting
WO2018108652A1 (en) Method and device for regulating a strand casting system
EP3733323B1 (en) Method and continuous casting plant for casting a cast strand
WO2004080628A1 (en) Continuous casting and rolling installation for producing a steel strip
DE102020209794A1 (en) Process for controlling or regulating the temperature of a cast strand in a continuous casting plant
WO2007042170A1 (en) Method for continuously casting a molten metal
WO2004048016A2 (en) Method and device for continuously casting slab bars, thin slab bars, blooms, pre-profiled billets, billets, and similar made of liquid metal, particularly steel material
EP1917115B2 (en) Method and device for positioning at least one roll segment of a strand guiding unit against a strand
DE102018220386A1 (en) Method and device for setting the target temperatures of cooling segments of a continuous caster
EP0116030B1 (en) Process for controlling a bow-type continuous casting machine
AT409465B (en) METHOD FOR ADJUSTING A CASTING SPLIT ON A STRAND GUIDE OF A CONTINUOUS CASTING SYSTEM
DE102015223600A1 (en) Method for producing a metallic strip by endless rolling
EP3441157A1 (en) Method and apparatus for cintinuous casting of a metallic product
DE3401894A1 (en) Method for the production of rolled strip with high strip shape accuracy and flatness
EP3849729B1 (en) Method for open-loop or closed-loop control of the temperature of a casting strand in a continuous casting machine
EP1827735B1 (en) Method and device for continuous casting of metals
EP2353742A1 (en) Heat rolling train for rolling hot rolled strips, method for operating same to roll hot rolled strips, control and/or regulating device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20100705

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: AL BA MK RS

DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20130305

APBK Appeal reference recorded

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNREFNE

APBN Date of receipt of notice of appeal recorded

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNNOA2E

APBR Date of receipt of statement of grounds of appeal recorded

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNNOA3E

APAF Appeal reference modified

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSCREFNE

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: SMS GROUP GMBH

APBT Appeal procedure closed

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNNOA9E

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20191213

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MT NL NO PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 502008017083

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 1272279

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20200615

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20200520

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200921

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200920

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200821

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200820

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200820

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 502008017083

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20210223

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20201127

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201127

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: BE

Ref legal event code: MM

Effective date: 20201130

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201130

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201130

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201130

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201127

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201127

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MM01

Ref document number: 1272279

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20201127

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201127

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20200520

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20201130

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230707

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20231121

Year of fee payment: 16