EP2218986A2 - Refrigerator with multiple compartments - Google Patents

Refrigerator with multiple compartments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2218986A2
EP2218986A2 EP10152640A EP10152640A EP2218986A2 EP 2218986 A2 EP2218986 A2 EP 2218986A2 EP 10152640 A EP10152640 A EP 10152640A EP 10152640 A EP10152640 A EP 10152640A EP 2218986 A2 EP2218986 A2 EP 2218986A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
evaporator
compartment
refrigerant
path
warmer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10152640A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2218986B1 (en
EP2218986A3 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Nuiding
Reinhold Rosner
Simon Schechinger
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BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
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BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
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Publication of EP2218986A3 publication Critical patent/EP2218986A3/en
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Publication of EP2218986B1 publication Critical patent/EP2218986B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/02—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures
    • F25D11/022—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures with two or more evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0409—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2511—Evaporator distribution valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in series

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigerator with at least two designed for different storage temperatures subjects.
  • Such devices also referred to as combination refrigerators, generally have a standard refrigerated compartment and a freezer compartment; but it can also be a so-called zero-degree compartment or cold storage compartment combined with a standard refrigerator, or there may be three or even more subjects.
  • each associated with one of the compartments are connected in series in a refrigerant circuit.
  • the distribution of the cooling capacity on the compartments is fixed by the type of device and is dependent, for example, on the order of the evaporators in the refrigerant circuit and their relative sizes. If the cooling capacity distribution corresponds to the refrigeration demand of the compartments, useful temperatures set in several compartments, even if a control of the refrigerant circuit is possible only on the basis of the measured temperature in one of the compartments. However, if, for example due to unusual ambient temperatures, the ratio of refrigeration demand of the compartments shifts, this leads to insufficient or excessive refrigeration of a compartment.
  • the evaporator of a relatively hot compartment is located upstream of that of a colder compartment.
  • Refrigerant that evaporates in a stagnant phase of the circuit in the evaporator of the hot compartment displaces colder refrigerant in the evaporator of the cold compartment to the downstream, and there is an undesirable heat input into the cold compartment.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerator with at least two designed for different storage temperatures subjects in which an independent cooling of the compartments with good efficiency with a simple design refrigerant circuit can be achieved.
  • the object is achieved by providing, in a refrigerator having at least two compartments and a branched refrigerant circuit in which a first path of the refrigerant from a pressure port of a compressor via an evaporator of the warmer compartment to a suction port of the compressor, and a second path from the pressure port runs over an evaporator of the colder compartment to the suction port, the evaporator of the warmer compartment is connected downstream of the evaporator of the colder compartment on the second path.
  • the multi-way construction allows, if necessary, to act on the warmer compartment alone with refrigerant. Since, however, the evaporator of the warmer compartment is connected downstream of the evaporator of the colder compartment on the second way, the warmer compartment (albeit possibly to a lesser extent) together with the Cooler compartment cooled so that immediately after switching off the flow of refrigerant in the second way no cooling demand in the warmer compartment is to be expected. Thus, liquid refrigerant left after shutdown in the second path, and particularly in the evaporator of the colder compartment, has sufficient time to evaporate before the refrigerant circuit is restarted due to cooling demand in the warmer compartment.
  • the second path is designed so that an upper portion of the evaporator of the warmer compartment is cooled, in particular more cooled, by a refrigerant circulating thereon, than a lower portion thereof.
  • the cooling effect in the warmer compartment can spread by convection, which favors the formation of a uniform temperature stratification in the warmer compartment.
  • the refrigerant circulating in the second path is introduced into a refrigerant line of the evaporator of the warmer compartment, that is to say a partial section of the first path.
  • An opening of the second path into the first can be arranged between a throttle point of the first path and a refrigerant line running on the evaporator of the warmer compartment, so that this refrigerant line is common to both paths.
  • the refrigerant line can follow the confluence predominantly in this upper region.
  • the refrigerant flow rate in the second path is expediently such that the refrigerant completely evaporates before it reaches a lower region of the evaporator of the warmer compartment.
  • the refrigerant circulating in the second path is introduced into a refrigerant pipe of the evaporator of the warmer compartment, which is provided in addition to the refrigerant pipe of this evaporator.
  • the situation may arise that first the warmer compartment has been cooled via the first path and at a time when the need for cooling is found in the colder compartment, but no need for cooling in the warmer compartment longer exists, remains of liquid refrigerant from the evaporator of the warmer compartment are displaced by flowing from the evaporator of the colder compartment gaseous refrigerant and so remain unused.
  • a refrigerant line running on the evaporator of the warmer compartment is arranged between a throttle point of the first path and an opening of the second path in the first path, then liquid refrigerant remaining in this refrigerant line is displaced by refrigerant flowing from the evaporator of the colder compartment not affected.
  • a refrigerant line belonging solely to the second path and running on the evaporator of the warmer compartment is preferably concentrated in an upper portion of the evaporator of the warmer compartment.
  • Fig. 1 shows a highly schematic front view of the body 1 of a refrigerator with a normal refrigeration compartment 3 and an underlying cold storage compartment 2.
  • a refrigerant circuit which further comprises a compressor 6, a condenser 7, a directional control valve 8, two capillaries 9, 10 and a steam dome 11.
  • Refrigerant discharged from a pressure port of the compressor 6 may return to a suction port of the compressor 6 in two different ways. Both have in common a path that runs from the pressure connection via the condenser to the directional control valve. At the directional control valve 8, the two paths separate. On the first path follow the capillary 9 and a refrigerant line 16 which extends in uniformly distributed meanders over the surface of the plate evaporator 5 of the normal cooling compartment.
  • the second path passes through the capillary 10 and a refrigerant line 17 which extends in meanders over the plate evaporator 4 of the cold storage compartment, and meets at a junction 19 between the capillary 9 and the line 16 back to the first path, so that the line 16 fed with refrigerant in both ways.
  • a control circuit 12 controls the operation of the compressor 6 based on measurement signals of two temperature sensors 13, 14, which are arranged on the two compartments 2 and 3 respectively. If the control circuit 12 by comparison of the measured temperatures with set, the subjects 2, 3 associated setpoint cooling requirements in the normal refrigeration compartment 3, but not in the cold storage compartment 2 determines, it switches the directional control valve 8 to apply the capillary 9 with refrigerant, but not the capillary 10. The refrigerant passes through the evaporator 5 and returns from there via the steam dome 11 to the compressor 6.
  • control circuit 12 When the control circuit 12 detects cooling demand in the cold storage compartment 2, it actuates the directional control valve 8, to act on the capillary 10 alone with refrigerant, regardless of whether at the same time cooling demand in the normal cooling compartment 3 prevails.
  • the refrigerant passes through the two evaporators 4, 5 in succession. Therefore, always when the cold storage compartment 2 is cooled, a small proportion of the cooling capacity on the normal cooling compartment 3.
  • the distribution of cooling capacity on the two compartments 2, 3 depends inter alia on the throughput of the compressor 6, the surfaces of the evaporator 4, 5th and the temperatures prevailing in subjects 2 and 3.
  • Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the refrigerator in a too Fig. 1 analogous schematic representation.
  • the evaporator 5 of the normal refrigeration compartment 3 here has two separate refrigerant lines, a line 16, which, like the line 16 of the previous embodiment belongs to the first path and connects directly to the capillary 9, and a line 18 downstream to the line 17 of the Evaporator 4 follows. That is, there are two lines on the evaporator 5, one of which, 16, belongs exclusively to the first path and the other, 18, exclusively to the second path.
  • conduit 18 Since the conduit 18 is confined to the upper half of the evaporator 5, substantially only the upper half of this evaporator is cooled by refrigerant circulating in the second path, and a uniform temperature distribution in the normal refrigeration compartment 3 can be established by convection.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

The refrigerator has at least two compartments (2, 3) for storage of food at different temperature, with the evaporator (5) of the higher-temperature compartment (3) connected to the compression side of a compressor (6), and with a second path passing through the evaporator (4) of the other compartment. The evaporator of the higher-temperature compartment is located after that of the lower-temperature one in the coolant circuit.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Kältegerät mit wenigstens zwei für verschiedene Lagertemperaturen ausgelegten Fächern. Solche auch als Kombinationskältegeräte bezeichneten Geräte haben in der Regel ein Normalkühlfach und ein Gefrierfach; es kann aber auch ein sogenanntes Null-Grad-Fach oder Kaltlagerfach mit einem Normalkühlfach kombiniert sein, oder es können drei oder gar mehr Fächer vorhanden sein.The present invention relates to a refrigerator with at least two designed for different storage temperatures subjects. Such devices, also referred to as combination refrigerators, generally have a standard refrigerated compartment and a freezer compartment; but it can also be a so-called zero-degree compartment or cold storage compartment combined with a standard refrigerator, or there may be three or even more subjects.

Bei einfachen Geräten dieser Art sind Verdampfer, die jeweils einem der Fächer zugeordnet sind, in einem Kältemittelkreislauf in Reihe verbunden. Die Verteilung der Kühlleistung auf die Fächer ist durch die Bauart des Geräts fest vorgegeben und ist zum Beispiel abhängig von der Reihenfolge der Verdampfer im Kältemittelkreislauf und ihren relativen Größen. Wenn die Kühlleistungsverteilung dem Kältebedarf der Fächer entspricht, stellen sich brauchbare Temperaturen in mehreren Fächern ein, auch wenn eine Regelung des Kältemittelkreislaufs nur anhand der in einem der Fächer gemessenen Temperatur möglich ist. Wenn jedoch - zum Beispiel aufgrund ungewöhnlicher Umgebungstemperaturen - das Verhältnis des Kältebedarfs der Fächer sich verschiebt, so führt dies zu einer unzureichenden oder übermäßigen Kühlung eines Fachs.In simple devices of this type evaporators, each associated with one of the compartments, are connected in series in a refrigerant circuit. The distribution of the cooling capacity on the compartments is fixed by the type of device and is dependent, for example, on the order of the evaporators in the refrigerant circuit and their relative sizes. If the cooling capacity distribution corresponds to the refrigeration demand of the compartments, useful temperatures set in several compartments, even if a control of the refrigerant circuit is possible only on the basis of the measured temperature in one of the compartments. However, if, for example due to unusual ambient temperatures, the ratio of refrigeration demand of the compartments shifts, this leads to insufficient or excessive refrigeration of a compartment.

Meist ist in einem Kältemittelkreislauf mit in Reihe geschalteten Verdampfern der Verdampfer eines relativ warmen Fachs stromaufwärts von dem eines kälteren Fachs angeordnet. Kältemittel, das in einer Stillstandsphase des Kreislaufs im Verdampfer des warmen Fachs verdampft, verdrängt kälteres Kältemittel im Verdampfer des kalten Fachs nach stromabwärts, und es kommt zu unerwünschtem Wärmeeintrag in das kalte Fach.Most often, in a refrigerant circuit with evaporators connected in series, the evaporator of a relatively hot compartment is located upstream of that of a colder compartment. Refrigerant that evaporates in a stagnant phase of the circuit in the evaporator of the hot compartment, displaces colder refrigerant in the evaporator of the cold compartment to the downstream, and there is an undesirable heat input into the cold compartment.

Um die Temperaturen von zwei oder mehr Kühlfächern in einem Kältegerät unabhängig voneinander regeln zu können, ist es erforderlich, jedem Fach einen eigenen Kältemittelkreislauf zuzuordnen, was mit erheblichen Kosten verbunden ist, oder einen verzweigten Kältemittelkreislauf zu bilden, bei dem die Verdampfer verschiedener Fächer in mehreren zueinander parallelen Zweigen des Kältemittelkreislaufs angeordnet sind und ein Wegeventil zum wahlweisen Beaufschlagen des einen oder anderen Zweiges mit Kältemittel vorgesehen ist.In order to be able to regulate the temperatures of two or more refrigerators in a refrigerator independently, it is necessary to assign each compartment a separate refrigerant circuit, which is associated with considerable costs, or to form a branched refrigerant circuit in which the evaporator of different subjects in several are arranged parallel to each other branches of the refrigerant circuit and a directional control valve for selectively applying one or the other branch is provided with refrigerant.

Dieser Ansatz ist zwar kostengünstiger als getrennte Kältemittelkreise, doch treten zwischen den Zweigen Wechselwirkungen auf, die den Wirkungsgrad des Kältemittelkreises beeinträchtigen. Wenn beispielsweise der Verdampfer eines kalten Fachs wie etwa eines Gefrierfachs eine Zeit lang mit Kältemittel beaufschlagt worden ist, und das Fach eine tiefe Temperatur erreicht hat, bei der die Kältemittelzufuhr beendet wird, wird flüssiges Kältemittel lange Zeit im Verdampfer dieses Fachs gespeichert, ohne zu zirkulieren. Wenn unmittelbar nach Beendigung der Kältemittelzufuhr zu dem kalten Fach ein wärmeres Fach, etwa ein Normalkühlfach, gekühlt werden muss, dann steht hierfür nur eine geringe Menge Kältemittel zur Verfügung. Es werden nur niedrige Drücke im Kältemittelkreislauf erreicht, und der Wirkungsgrad ist gering. Er verbessert sich erst dann, wenn ein Großteil des Kältemittels im Verdampfer des kalten Fachs wieder verdampft und in den Kreislauf zurückgekehrt ist. Voraussetzung hierfür ist jedoch eine Zunahme der Temperatur im kälteren Fach, das heißt Betriebsdrücke des Kältemittels, die einen effizienten Betrieb ermöglichen, werden erst erreicht, kurz bevor wieder Kältebedarf im kälteren Fach besteht. Der Wirkungsgrad des Kältemittelkreislaufs ist daher während eines erheblichen Anteils seiner Betriebszeit beeinträchtigt.Although this approach is more cost effective than separate refrigerant circuits, there are interactions between the branches that affect the efficiency of the refrigerant circuit. For example, when the evaporator of a cold compartment such as a freezer has been supplied with refrigerant for a while, and the compartment has reached a low temperature at which the refrigerant supply is stopped, liquid refrigerant is stored in the evaporator of this compartment for a long time without circulating , If a warmer compartment, such as a standard refrigerator compartment, needs to be cooled immediately after completion of the refrigerant supply to the cold compartment, then only a small amount of refrigerant is available for this purpose. Only low pressures in the refrigerant circuit are achieved, and the efficiency is low. It only improves when most of the refrigerant in the cold compartment evaporator has evaporated and returned to the circuit. The prerequisite for this, however, is an increase in the temperature in the colder compartment, that is to say operating pressures of the refrigerant which permit efficient operation are only reached shortly before refrigeration needs again in the colder compartment. The efficiency of the refrigerant circuit is therefore compromised during a significant portion of its operating time.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, ein Kältegerät mit wenigstens zwei für verschiedene Lagertemperaturen ausgelegten Fächern zu schaffen, bei denen eine unabhängige Kühlung der Fächer bei gutem Wirkungsgrad mit einem einfach aufgebauten Kältemittelkreislauf erreichbar ist.Object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerator with at least two designed for different storage temperatures subjects in which an independent cooling of the compartments with good efficiency with a simple design refrigerant circuit can be achieved.

Die Aufgabe wird gelöst, indem bei einem Kältegerät mit wenigstens zwei Fächern und einem verzweigten Kältemittelkreislauf, in dem ein erster Weg des Kältemittels von einem Druckanschluss eines Verdichters über einen Verdampfer des wärmeren Fachs zu einem Sauganschluss des Verdichters verläuft, und ein zweiter Weg von dem Druckanschluss über einen Verdampfer des kälteren Fachs zu dem Sauganschluss verläuft, der Verdampfer des wärmeren Fachs auf dem zweiten Weg dem Verdampfer des kälteren Fachs nachgeschaltet ist.The object is achieved by providing, in a refrigerator having at least two compartments and a branched refrigerant circuit in which a first path of the refrigerant from a pressure port of a compressor via an evaporator of the warmer compartment to a suction port of the compressor, and a second path from the pressure port runs over an evaporator of the colder compartment to the suction port, the evaporator of the warmer compartment is connected downstream of the evaporator of the colder compartment on the second path.

Der mehrwegige Aufbau erlaubt es, im Bedarfsfalle das wärmere Fach allein mit Kältemittel zu beaufschlagen. Da aber gleichzeitig der Verdampfer des wärmeren Fachs auf dem zweiten Weg dem Verdampfer des kälteren Fachs nachgeschaltet ist, wird das wärmere Fach (wenn auch gegebenenfalls in geringerem Umfang) gemeinsam mit dem kälteren Fach gekühlt, so dass unmittelbar nach Abschalten des Kältemittelflusses auf dem zweiten Weg kein Kühlungsbedarf im wärmeren Fach zu erwarten ist. Somit hat flüssiges Kältemittel, das nach dem Abschalten im zweiten Weg und insbesondere im Verdampfer des kälteren Fachs zurückbleibt, genügend Zeit um zu verdampfen, bevor der Kältemittelkreislauf aufgrund von Kühlungsbedarf im wärmeren Fach erneut in Gang gesetzt wird.The multi-way construction allows, if necessary, to act on the warmer compartment alone with refrigerant. Since, however, the evaporator of the warmer compartment is connected downstream of the evaporator of the colder compartment on the second way, the warmer compartment (albeit possibly to a lesser extent) together with the Cooler compartment cooled so that immediately after switching off the flow of refrigerant in the second way no cooling demand in the warmer compartment is to be expected. Thus, liquid refrigerant left after shutdown in the second path, and particularly in the evaporator of the colder compartment, has sufficient time to evaporate before the refrigerant circuit is restarted due to cooling demand in the warmer compartment.

Vorzugsweise ist der zweite Weg so ausgelegt, dass durch auf ihm zirkulierendes Kältemittel ein oberer Bereich des Verdampfers des wärmeren Fachs gekühlt, insbesondere stärker gekühlt ist als ein unterer Bereich desselben. So kann sich die Kühlwirkung im wärmeren Fach durch Konvektion ausbreiten, was die Ausbildung einer gleichmäßigen Temperaturschichtung im wärmeren Fach begünstigt.Preferably, the second path is designed so that an upper portion of the evaporator of the warmer compartment is cooled, in particular more cooled, by a refrigerant circulating thereon, than a lower portion thereof. Thus, the cooling effect in the warmer compartment can spread by convection, which favors the formation of a uniform temperature stratification in the warmer compartment.

Bevorzugt ist das auf dem zweiten Weg zirkulierende Kältemittel in eine Kältemittelleitung des Verdampfers des wärmeren Fachs, also einem Teilabschnitt des ersten Weges eingeleitet.Preferably, the refrigerant circulating in the second path is introduced into a refrigerant line of the evaporator of the warmer compartment, that is to say a partial section of the first path.

Eine Einmündung des zweiten Wegs in den ersten kann zwischen einer Drosselstelle des ersten Wegs und einer auf dem Verdampfer des wärmeren Fachs verlaufenden Kältemittelleitung angeordnet sein, so dass diese Kältemittelleitung beiden Wegen gemeinsam ist. Ein solcher Aufbau hat den Vorteil einer einfachen, preiswert realisierbaren Struktur.An opening of the second path into the first can be arranged between a throttle point of the first path and a refrigerant line running on the evaporator of the warmer compartment, so that this refrigerant line is common to both paths. Such a structure has the advantage of a simple, inexpensive realizable structure.

Um über den zweiten Weg bevorzugt einen oberen Bereich des Verdampfers des wärmeren Fachs zu kühlen, kann die Kältemittelleitung im Anschluss an die Einmündung überwiegend in diesem oberen Bereich verlaufen. Der Kältemitteldurchsatz auf dem zweiten Weg ist zweckmäßigerweise so bemessen, dass das Kältemittel vollständig verdampft, bevor es einen unteren Bereich des Verdampfers des wärmeren Fachs erreicht.In order to preferably cool an upper region of the evaporator of the warmer compartment via the second route, the refrigerant line can follow the confluence predominantly in this upper region. The refrigerant flow rate in the second path is expediently such that the refrigerant completely evaporates before it reaches a lower region of the evaporator of the warmer compartment.

Vorzugsweise ist das auf dem zweiten Weg zirkulierende Kältemittel in eine Kältemittelleitung des Verdampfers des wärmeren Fachs eingeleitet, die zusätzlich zur Kältemittelleitung dieses Verdampfers vorgesehen ist.Preferably, the refrigerant circulating in the second path is introduced into a refrigerant pipe of the evaporator of the warmer compartment, which is provided in addition to the refrigerant pipe of this evaporator.

Bei einem Kältemittelkreislauf, bei dem wie oben beschrieben erster und zweiter Weg in einer gleichen Leitung über den Verdampfer des wärmeren Fachs verlaufen, kann die Situation auftreten, dass zunächst das wärmere Fach über den ersten Weg gekühlt worden ist und zu einem Zeitpunkt, an dem Kühlungsbedarf im kälteren Fach festgestellt wird, aber kein Kühlungsbedarf im wärmeren Fach mehr besteht, Reste von flüssigem Kältemittel aus dem Verdampfer des wärmeren Fachs durch aus dem Verdampfer des kälteren Fachs zuströmendes gasförmiges Kältemittel verdrängt werden und so ungenutzt bleiben. Wenn hingegen zwischen einer Drosselstelle des ersten Wegs und einer Einmündung des zweiten Wegs in den ersten Weg eine auf dem Verdampfer des wärmeren Fachs verlaufende Kältemittelleitung angeordnet ist, dann ist in dieser Kältemittelleitung zurückgebliebenes flüssiges Kältemittel von einer Verdrängung durch vom Verdampfer des kälteren Fachs her zuströmendes Kältemittel nicht betroffen.In a refrigerant cycle in which the first and second paths in a same conduit extend over the evaporator of the warmer compartment as described above, the situation may arise that first the warmer compartment has been cooled via the first path and at a time when the need for cooling is found in the colder compartment, but no need for cooling in the warmer compartment longer exists, remains of liquid refrigerant from the evaporator of the warmer compartment are displaced by flowing from the evaporator of the colder compartment gaseous refrigerant and so remain unused. If, on the other hand, a refrigerant line running on the evaporator of the warmer compartment is arranged between a throttle point of the first path and an opening of the second path in the first path, then liquid refrigerant remaining in this refrigerant line is displaced by refrigerant flowing from the evaporator of the colder compartment not affected.

Um eine gleichmäßige Temperaturschichtung im wärmeren Fach zu erreichen, wenn Kältemittel auf dem zweiten Weg zirkuliert, ist eine allein dem zweiten Weg angehörende und auf dem Verdampfer des wärmeren Fachs verlaufende Kältemittelleitung vorzugsweise in einem oberen Bereich des Verdampfers des wärmeren Fachs konzentriert.In order to achieve uniform temperature stratification in the warmer compartment when refrigerant circulates in the second path, a refrigerant line belonging solely to the second path and running on the evaporator of the warmer compartment is preferably concentrated in an upper portion of the evaporator of the warmer compartment.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Figuren.
Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung des Kältemittelkreislaufs in einem Kältegerät mit wenigstens zwei Lagerfächern gemäß einer ersten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung; und
Fig. 2
eine zu Fig. 1 analoge Darstellung gemäß einer zweiten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung.
Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of the refrigerant circuit in a refrigerator with at least two storage compartments according to a first embodiment of the invention; and
Fig. 2
one too Fig. 1 analog representation according to a second embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine stark schematisierte Vorderansicht des Korpus 1 eines Kältegeräts mit einem Normalkühlfach 3 und einem darunter liegenden Kaltlagerfach 2. An der Rückwand der beiden Fächer 2, 3 sind jeweils Plattenverdampfer 4, 5 zu sehen. Die Verdampfer 4, 5 sind Bestandteile eines Kältemittelkreislaufs, der des Weiteren einen Verdichter 6, einen Verflüssiger 7, ein Wegeventil 8, zwei Kapillaren 9, 10 und einen Dampfdom 11 umfasst. Fig. 1 shows a highly schematic front view of the body 1 of a refrigerator with a normal refrigeration compartment 3 and an underlying cold storage compartment 2. On the rear wall of the two compartments 2, 3 each plate evaporator 4, 5 can be seen. The evaporators 4, 5 are components of a refrigerant circuit, which further comprises a compressor 6, a condenser 7, a directional control valve 8, two capillaries 9, 10 and a steam dome 11.

Aus einem Druckanschluss des Verdichters 6 ausgestoßenes Kältemittel kann auf zwei verschiedenen Wegen zu einem Sauganschluss des Verdichters 6 zurückgelangen. Beiden wegen gemeinsam ist ein Wegstück, das vom Druckanschluss über den Verflüssiger zu dem Wegeventil verläuft. Am Wegeventil 8 trennen sich die beiden Wege. Auf dem ersten Weg folgen die Kapillare 9 und eine Kältemittelleitung 16, die sich in gleichmäßig verteilten Mäandern über die Fläche des Plattenverdampfers 5 des Normalkühlfachs erstreckt. Der zweite Weg verläuft über die Kapillare 10 und eine Kältemittelleitung 17, die sich in Mäandern über den Plattenverdampfer 4 des Kaltlagerfachs erstreckt, und trifft an einer Einmündung 19 zwischen der Kapillare 9 und der Leitung 16 wieder auf den ersten Weg, so dass die Leitung 16 auf beiden Wegen mit Kältemittel gespeist wird.Refrigerant discharged from a pressure port of the compressor 6 may return to a suction port of the compressor 6 in two different ways. Both have in common a path that runs from the pressure connection via the condenser to the directional control valve. At the directional control valve 8, the two paths separate. On the first path follow the capillary 9 and a refrigerant line 16 which extends in uniformly distributed meanders over the surface of the plate evaporator 5 of the normal cooling compartment. The second path passes through the capillary 10 and a refrigerant line 17 which extends in meanders over the plate evaporator 4 of the cold storage compartment, and meets at a junction 19 between the capillary 9 and the line 16 back to the first path, so that the line 16 fed with refrigerant in both ways.

Eine Steuerschaltung 12 steuert den Betrieb des Verdichters 6 anhand von Messsignalen zweier Temperatursensoren 13, 14, die an den beiden Fächern 2 bzw. 3 angeordnet sind. Wenn die Steuerschaltung 12 durch Vergleich der gemessenen Temperaturen mit eingestellten, den Fächern 2, 3 zugeordneten Soll-Temperaturen Kühlungsbedarf im Normalkühlfach 3, nicht aber im Kaltlagerfach 2 feststellt, schaltet sie das Wegeventil 8, um die Kapillare 9 mit Kältemittel zu beaufschlagen, nicht aber die Kapillare 10. Das Kältemittel durchläuft den Verdampfer 5 und kehrt von dort über den Dampfdom 11 zum Verdichter 6 zurück.A control circuit 12 controls the operation of the compressor 6 based on measurement signals of two temperature sensors 13, 14, which are arranged on the two compartments 2 and 3 respectively. If the control circuit 12 by comparison of the measured temperatures with set, the subjects 2, 3 associated setpoint cooling requirements in the normal refrigeration compartment 3, but not in the cold storage compartment 2 determines, it switches the directional control valve 8 to apply the capillary 9 with refrigerant, but not the capillary 10. The refrigerant passes through the evaporator 5 and returns from there via the steam dome 11 to the compressor 6.

Wenn die Steuerschaltung 12 Kühlungsbedarf im Kaltlagerfach 2 feststellt, betätigt sie das Wegeventil 8, um allein die Kapillare 10 mit Kältemittel zu beaufschlagen, unabhängig davon, ob gleichzeitig auch Kühlungsbedarf im Normalkühlfach 3 herrscht. Das Kältemittel durchläuft die beiden Verdampfer 4, 5 nacheinander. Daher entfällt immer, wenn das Kaltlagerfach 2 gekühlt wird, ein kleiner Anteil der Kühlleistung auch auf das Normalkühlfach 3. Die Aufteilung der Kühlleistung auf die beiden Fächer 2, 3 hängt unter anderem ab vom Durchsatz des Verdichters 6, den Flächen der Verdampfer 4, 5 und den in den Fächern 2 und 3 herrschenden Temperaturen. Durchsatz und Verdampferflächen sind so gewählt, dass bei üblichen Betriebstemperaturen der beiden Fächer 2, 3 noch genügend Kühlleistung auf das Normalkühlfach 3 entfällt, um dessen Temperatur zu senken, wenn auch wesentlich langsamer als die des Kaltlagerfachs 2. So ist ausgeschlossen, dass Kühlungsbedarf im Normalkühlfach neu erfasst wird, während Kältemittel auf dem zweiten Zweig, über die beiden Verdampfer 4, 5, zirkuliert. Wenn anhand der vom Sensor 13 gemessenen Temperatur festgestellt wird, dass im Kaltlagerfach 2 kein Kühlungsbedarf mehr besteht, und die Steuerschaltung 12 den Verdichter 6 ausschaltet, muss, da während des Verdichterbetriebs auch die Temperatur im Normalkühlfach 3 abgenommen hat, stets eine gewisse Zeit verstreichen, bevor Kühlungsbedarf im Normalkühlfach 3 auftreten kann.When the control circuit 12 detects cooling demand in the cold storage compartment 2, it actuates the directional control valve 8, to act on the capillary 10 alone with refrigerant, regardless of whether at the same time cooling demand in the normal cooling compartment 3 prevails. The refrigerant passes through the two evaporators 4, 5 in succession. Therefore, always when the cold storage compartment 2 is cooled, a small proportion of the cooling capacity on the normal cooling compartment 3. The distribution of cooling capacity on the two compartments 2, 3 depends inter alia on the throughput of the compressor 6, the surfaces of the evaporator 4, 5th and the temperatures prevailing in subjects 2 and 3. Throughput and evaporator surfaces are chosen so that at normal operating temperatures of the two compartments 2, 3 still sufficient cooling capacity is attributable to the normal refrigeration compartment 3, to its temperature Lower, albeit much slower than that of the cold storage compartment 2. Thus, it is excluded that cooling demand is recaptured in the normal refrigeration compartment, while refrigerant circulates on the second branch, via the two evaporators 4, 5. If it is determined on the basis of the temperature measured by the sensor 13 that the cooling storage compartment no longer exists in the cold storage compartment 2, and the control circuit 12 switches off the compressor 6, since the temperature in the normal refrigeration compartment 3 has also decreased during compressor operation, a certain amount of time must elapse, before cooling demand can occur in the normal refrigeration compartment 3.

Fig. 2 zeigt eine zweite Ausgestaltung des Kältegeräts in einer zu Fig. 1 analogen schematischen Darstellung. Der Verdampfer 5 des Normalkühlfachs 3 weist hier zwei voneinander getrennte Kältemittelleitungen auf, eine Leitung 16, die wie die Leitung 16 des vorherigen Ausführungsbeispiels zum ersten Weg gehört und unmittelbar an die Kapillare 9 anschließt, und eine Leitung 18, die stromabwärts auf die Leitung 17 des Verdampfers 4 folgt. D.h. es gibt zwei Leitungen auf dem Verdampfer 5, von denen die eine, 16, ausschließlich zum ersten Weg und die andere, 18, ausschließlich zum zweiten Weg gehört. Da eine Einmündung 19, an der die Wege des Kältemittelkreislaufs wieder aufeinander treffen, stromabwärts von den Leitungen 16, 18 des Verdampfers 5 liegt, führt ein Umschalten der Kältemittelzirkulation vom ersten auf den zweiten Weg, zu der es kommen kann, wenn Kühlungsbedarf im Kaltlagerfach 2 neu erfasst wird, nicht zu einer Verdrängung von flüssigem Kältemittel aus dem Verdampfer 5 durch gasförmiges Kältemittel aus dem Verdampfer 4. Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the refrigerator in a too Fig. 1 analogous schematic representation. The evaporator 5 of the normal refrigeration compartment 3 here has two separate refrigerant lines, a line 16, which, like the line 16 of the previous embodiment belongs to the first path and connects directly to the capillary 9, and a line 18 downstream to the line 17 of the Evaporator 4 follows. That is, there are two lines on the evaporator 5, one of which, 16, belongs exclusively to the first path and the other, 18, exclusively to the second path. Since a junction 19 at which the paths of the refrigerant circuit meet again downstream of the lines 16, 18 of the evaporator 5, switching the refrigerant circulation from the first to the second way, which can occur when cooling demand in the cold storage compartment second is not detected, not to a displacement of liquid refrigerant from the evaporator 5 by gaseous refrigerant from the evaporator. 4

Da die Leitung 18 auf die obere Hälfte des Verdampfers 5 beschränkt ist, wird durch auf dem zweiten Weg zirkulierendes Kältemittel im wesentlichen auch nur die obere Hälfte dieses Verdampfers gekühlt, und eine gleichmäßige Temperaturverteilung im Normalkühlfach 3 kann sich durch Konvektion einstellen.Since the conduit 18 is confined to the upper half of the evaporator 5, substantially only the upper half of this evaporator is cooled by refrigerant circulating in the second path, and a uniform temperature distribution in the normal refrigeration compartment 3 can be established by convection.

Claims (8)

Kältegerät mit wenigstens zwei für verschiedene Lagertemperaturen ausgelegten Fächern (2, 3) und einem Kältemittelkreislauf, in dem ein erster Weg von einem Druckanschluss eines Verdichters (6) über einen Verdampfer (5) des wärmeren Fachs (3) zu einem Sauganschluss des Verdichters (6) und ein zweiter Weg von dem Druckanschluss über einen Verdampfer (4) des kälteren Fachs (2) zu dem Sauganschluss verläuft, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Verdampfer (5) des wärmeren Fachs (3) auf dem zweiten Weg dem Verdampfer (4) des kälteren Fachs (2) nachgeschaltet ist.Refrigerating appliance with at least two compartments (2, 3) designed for different storage temperatures and a refrigerant circuit in which a first path from a pressure connection of a compressor (6) via an evaporator (5) of the warmer compartment (3) to a suction connection of the compressor (6 ) and a second path from the pressure connection via an evaporator (4) of the colder compartment (2) to the suction connection, characterized in that the evaporator (5) of the warmer compartment (3) is connected to the evaporator (4) of the second compartment colder compartment (2) is connected downstream. Kältegerät nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch auf dem zweiten Weg zirkulierendes Kältemittel ein oberer Bereich des Verdampfers (5) des wärmeren Fachs (3) gekühlt ist, insbesondere stärker gekühlt ist als ein unterer Bereich desselben.Refrigerating appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that, by means of refrigerant circulating in the second path, an upper region of the evaporator (5) of the warmer compartment (3) is cooled, in particular more cooled than a lower region thereof. Kältegerät nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das auf dem zweiten Weg zirkulierende Kältemittel in eine Kältemittelleitung (16) des Verdampfers (5) des wärmeren Fachs (3) eingeleitet ist.Refrigerating appliance according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the refrigerant circulating in the second path is introduced into a refrigerant line (16) of the evaporator (5) of the warmer compartment (3). Kältegerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Einmündung (19) des zweiten Wegs in den ersten Weg zwischen einer Drosselstelle (9) des ersten Wegs und einer auf dem Verdampfer (5) des wärmeren Fachs (3) verlaufenden Kältemittelleitung (16) des ersten Wegs angeordnet ist.Refrigerating appliance according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an opening (19) of the second path in the first path between a throttle point (9) of the first path and a on the evaporator (5) of the warmer compartment (3) extending refrigerant line (16) of the first path is arranged. Kältegerät nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abschnitt der Kältemittelleitung (16) mit der Einmündung (19) überwiegend in einem oberen Bereich des Verdampfers (5) des wärmeren Fachs (3) verläuft.Refrigerating appliance according to claim 4, characterized in that the section of the refrigerant line (16) with the junction (19) extends predominantly in an upper region of the evaporator (5) of the warmer compartment (3). Kältegerät nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das auf dem zweiten Weg zirkulierende Kältemittel in eine Kältemittelleitung (18) des Verdampfers (5) des wärmeren Fachs (5) eingeleitet ist, die zusätzlich zur Kältemittelleitung (16) des Verdampfers (5) vorgesehen ist.Refrigeration appliance according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the refrigerant circulating in the second way into a refrigerant line (18) of the Evaporator (5) of the warmer compartment (5) is introduced, which is provided in addition to the refrigerant line (16) of the evaporator (5). Kältegerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Weg zwischen einer Drosselstelle (9) und einer Einmündung (19) des zweiten Wegs in den ersten eine auf dem Verdampfer (5) des wärmeren Fachs (3) verlaufende Kältemittelleitung (16) aufweist.Refrigerating appliance according to one of claims 1 or 6, characterized in that the first path between a throttle point (9) and a junction (19) of the second path in the first one on the evaporator (5) of the warmer compartment (3) extending refrigerant line ( 16). Kältegerät nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine allein dem zweiten Weg angehörende, auf dem Verdampfer (5) des wärmeren Fachs (3) verlaufende Kältemittelleitung (18) in einem oberen Bereich des Verdampfers (5) des wärmeren Fachs (3) konzentriert ist.Refrigerating appliance according to one of Claims 1, 6 or 7, characterized in that a refrigerant line (18), which belongs solely to the second path and runs on the evaporator (5) of the warmer compartment (3), is located in an upper region of the evaporator (5) of the warmer Fachs (3) is concentrated.
EP10152640.8A 2009-02-16 2010-02-04 Refrigerator with multiple compartments Active EP2218986B1 (en)

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DE102012201399A1 (en) * 2012-02-01 2013-08-01 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Refrigerating appliance with two storage chambers

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US4227379A (en) * 1978-02-23 1980-10-14 Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Cooling apparatus
JP4348610B2 (en) * 2003-09-29 2009-10-21 株式会社ヴァレオサーマルシステムズ Refrigeration cycle
US20050210898A1 (en) * 2004-03-23 2005-09-29 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Refrigerator and control method thereof
US20080148745A1 (en) * 2005-01-31 2008-06-26 Zhichun Zhang Multi-Temperature Control Refrigerator Comprising an Ice Machine

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